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Tan R, Zhang Z, Ding P, Liu Y, Liu H, Lu M, Chen YG. A growth factor-reduced culture system for colorectal cancer organoids. Cancer Lett 2024; 588:216737. [PMID: 38382667 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Although organoids derived from tumor tissues have been widely used in cancer research, it is a great challenge for cultured organoids to retain the characteristics of the original tumor tissues due to their heterogeneity. In this study, we explore organoid culture recipes to capture tumor features of colorectal cancers. We find that the activation of Wnt and EGF signaling and inhibition of BMP signaling are non-essential for the survival of most colorectal cancer organoids (CRCOs). We design a growth factor-reduced culture medium containing FGF10, A83-01 (TGF-β type I receptor inhibitor), SB202190 (p38 MAPK inhibitor), gastrin, and nicotinamide. Using this medium, we can maintain tumor features in long-term CRCO cultivation, as evidenced by histopathology, genetic stability, tumorigenicity, and response of clinical treatments. Our findings offer a reliable and economical strategy for CRCO culture, facilitating the utilization of organoids in colorectal cancer research and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronghui Tan
- Graduate School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China; Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Ze Zhang
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China; Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Peirong Ding
- Department of Colorectal Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China; Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Huidong Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Minyi Lu
- Huayi Regeneration Technology Limited Liability Company, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Ye-Guang Chen
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China; The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; The MOE Basic Research and Innovation Center for the Targeted Therapeutics of Solid Tumors, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China.
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2
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Zhang Y, Li L, Chu F, Wu H, Xiao X, Ye J, Li K. Itraconazole inhibits tumor growth via CEBPB-mediated glycolysis in colorectal cancer. Cancer Sci 2024; 115:1154-1169. [PMID: 38278779 PMCID: PMC11007002 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) is characterized by a high recurrence and metastasis rate, which is the primary cause of patient mortality. Unfortunately, effective anti-cancer drugs for CRC are still lacking in clinical practice. We screened FDA-approved drugs by utilizing targeted organoid sequencing data and found that the antifungal drug itraconazole had a potential therapeutic effect on CRC tumors. However, the effect and mechanism of itraconazole on CRC tumors have not been investigated. A cell line-derived xenograft model in tumor-bearing mice was established and single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on tumor samples from four mice with or without itraconazole treatment. The proportion of cell populations and gene expression profiles was significantly different between the two groups. We found that itraconazole could inhibit tumor growth and glycolysis. We revealed that CEBPB was a new target for itraconazole, and that silencing CEBPB could repress CRC glycolysis and tumor growth by inhibiting ENO1 expression. Clinical analysis showed that CEBPB expression was obviously elevated in CRC patients, and was associated with poor survival. In summary, itraconazole treatment remodeled cell composition and gene expression profiles. Itraconazole inhibited cell glycolysis and tumor growth via the CEBPB-ENO1 axis. In this study, we illustrate a new energy metabolism mechanism for itraconazole on tumor growth in CRC that will provide a theoretical basis for CRC targeting/combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- Branch Center of Advanced Medical Research CenterZhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Department of GastroenterologyZhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Medical Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer in Henan ProvinceZhengzhouChina
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Diagnosis, Treatment and Research of Colorectal CancerZhengzhouChina
| | - Lu Li
- Department of GastroenterologyZhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Medical Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer in Henan ProvinceZhengzhouChina
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Diagnosis, Treatment and Research of Colorectal CancerZhengzhouChina
| | - Feifei Chu
- Department of GastroenterologyZhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Medical Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer in Henan ProvinceZhengzhouChina
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Diagnosis, Treatment and Research of Colorectal CancerZhengzhouChina
| | - Huili Wu
- Department of GastroenterologyZhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Medical Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer in Henan ProvinceZhengzhouChina
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Diagnosis, Treatment and Research of Colorectal CancerZhengzhouChina
| | - Xingguo Xiao
- Department of GastroenterologyZhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Medical Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer in Henan ProvinceZhengzhouChina
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Diagnosis, Treatment and Research of Colorectal CancerZhengzhouChina
| | - Jianping Ye
- Branch Center of Advanced Medical Research CenterZhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Kunkun Li
- Department of GastroenterologyZhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Medical Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer in Henan ProvinceZhengzhouChina
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Diagnosis, Treatment and Research of Colorectal CancerZhengzhouChina
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3
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Ni Y, Liang Y, Li M, Lin Y, Zou X, Han F, Cao J, Li L. The updates on metastatic mechanism and treatment of colorectal cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 251:154837. [PMID: 37806170 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a main cause of cancer death worldwide. Metastasis is a major cause of cancer-related death in CRC. The treatment of metastatic CRC has progressed minimally. However, the potential molecular mechanisms involved in CRC metastasis have remained to be comprehensively clarified. An improved understanding of the CRC mechanistic determinants is needed to better prevent and treat metastatic cancer. In this review, based on evidence from a growing body of research in metastatic cancers, we discuss the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in CRC metastasis. This review reveals both the molecular mechanisms of metastases and identifies new opportunities for developing more effective strategies to target metastatic relapse and improve CRC patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Ni
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - You Liang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Mingzhou Li
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Lin
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Zou
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fangyi Han
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianing Cao
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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4
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Wiecek AJ, Cutty SJ, Kornai D, Parreno-Centeno M, Gourmet LE, Tagliazucchi GM, Jacobson DH, Zhang P, Xiong L, Bond GL, Barr AR, Secrier M. Genomic hallmarks and therapeutic implications of G0 cell cycle arrest in cancer. Genome Biol 2023; 24:128. [PMID: 37221612 PMCID: PMC10204193 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-023-02963-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Therapy resistance in cancer is often driven by a subpopulation of cells that are temporarily arrested in a non-proliferative G0 state, which is difficult to capture and whose mutational drivers remain largely unknown. RESULTS We develop methodology to robustly identify this state from transcriptomic signals and characterise its prevalence and genomic constraints in solid primary tumours. We show that G0 arrest preferentially emerges in the context of more stable, less mutated genomes which maintain TP53 integrity and lack the hallmarks of DNA damage repair deficiency, while presenting increased APOBEC mutagenesis. We employ machine learning to uncover novel genomic dependencies of this process and validate the role of the centrosomal gene CEP89 as a modulator of proliferation and G0 arrest capacity. Lastly, we demonstrate that G0 arrest underlies unfavourable responses to various therapies exploiting cell cycle, kinase signalling and epigenetic mechanisms in single-cell data. CONCLUSIONS We propose a G0 arrest transcriptional signature that is linked with therapeutic resistance and can be used to further study and clinically track this state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna J. Wiecek
- UCL Genetics Institute, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
| | - Stephen J. Cutty
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Daniel Kornai
- UCL Genetics Institute, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
| | - Mario Parreno-Centeno
- UCL Genetics Institute, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
| | - Lucie E. Gourmet
- UCL Genetics Institute, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Daniel H. Jacobson
- UCL Genetics Institute, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
- UCL Cancer Institute, Paul O’Gorman Building, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ping Zhang
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lingyun Xiong
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Gareth L. Bond
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Alexis R. Barr
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Cell Cycle Control Team, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), London, UK
| | - Maria Secrier
- UCL Genetics Institute, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
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5
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Dubey AR, Mishra R, Jagtap YA, Kinger S, Kumar P, Dhiman R, Ghosh S, Singh S, Prasad A, Jana NR, Mishra A. Itraconazole Confers Cytoprotection Against Neurodegenerative Disease-Associated Abnormal Protein Aggregation. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:2397-2412. [PMID: 36656458 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03230-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Cells perform regular maintenance to avoid the accumulation of misfolded proteins. Prolonged accumulation of these proteotoxic inclusions generates potential risk of ageing-related diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, removal of such abnormal aggregates can ensure the re-establishment of proteostasis. Ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) actively participates in the selective removal of aberrantly folded clients with the help of complex proteasome machinery. However, specific induction of proteasome functions to remove abnormal proteins remains an open challenge. Here, we show that Itraconazole treatment induces proteasome activities and degrades the accumulation of bonafide-misfolded proteins, including heat-denatured luciferase. Exposure of Itraconazole elevates the degradation of neurodegenerative disease-associated proteins, e.g. expanded polyglutamine, mutant SOD1, and mutant α-synuclein. Our results suggest that Itraconazole treatment prevents the accumulation of neurodegenerative disease-linked misfolded proteins and generates cytoprotection. These findings reveal that Itraconazole removes abnormal proteins through sequential proteasomal activation and represents a potential protective therapeutic role against protein-misfolding neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Rakesh Dubey
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, 342037, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ribhav Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, 342037, Rajasthan, India
| | - Yuvraj Anandrao Jagtap
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, 342037, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sumit Kinger
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, 342037, Rajasthan, India
| | - Prashant Kumar
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, 342037, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rohan Dhiman
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India
| | - Somnath Ghosh
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Sarika Singh
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Amit Prasad
- School of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi, India
| | - Nihar Ranjan Jana
- School of Bioscience, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Amit Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, 342037, Rajasthan, India.
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6
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Wnt Signaling in the Development of Bone Metastasis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233934. [PMID: 36497192 PMCID: PMC9739050 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling occurs through evolutionarily conserved pathways that affect cellular proliferation and fate decisions during development and tissue maintenance. Alterations in these highly regulated pathways, however, play pivotal roles in various malignancies, promoting cancer initiation, growth and metastasis and the development of drug resistance. The ability of cancer cells to metastasize is the primary cause of cancer mortality. Bone is one of the most frequent sites of metastases that generally arise from breast, prostate, lung, melanoma or kidney cancer. Upon their arrival to the bone, cancer cells can enter a long-term dormancy period, from which they can be reactivated, but can rarely be cured. The activation of Wnt signaling during the bone metastasis process was found to enhance proliferation, induce the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, promote the modulation of the extracellular matrix, enhance angiogenesis and immune tolerance and metastasize and thrive in the bone. Due to the complexity of Wnt pathways and of the landscape of this mineralized tissue, Wnt function during metastatic progression within bone is not yet fully understood. Therefore, we believe that a better understanding of these pathways and their roles in the development of bone metastasis could improve our understanding of the disease and may constitute fertile ground for potential therapeutics.
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7
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Govindaraj V, Sarma S, Karulkar A, Purwar R, Kar S. Transcriptional Fluctuations Govern the Serum-Dependent Cell Cycle Duration Heterogeneities in Mammalian Cells. ACS Synth Biol 2022; 11:3743-3758. [PMID: 36325971 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.2c00347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian cells exhibit a high degree of intercellular variability in cell cycle period and phase durations. However, the factors orchestrating the cell cycle duration heterogeneities remain unclear. Herein, by combining cell cycle network-based mathematical models with live single-cell imaging studies under varied serum conditions, we demonstrate that fluctuating transcription rates of cell cycle regulatory genes across cell lineages and during cell cycle progression in mammalian cells majorly govern the robust correlation patterns of cell cycle period and phase durations among sister, cousin, and mother-daughter lineage pairs. However, for the overall cellular population, alteration in the serum level modulates the fluctuation and correlation patterns of cell cycle period and phase durations in a correlated manner. These heterogeneities at the population level can be fine-tuned under limited serum conditions by perturbing the cell cycle network using a p38-signaling inhibitor without affecting the robust lineage-level correlations. Overall, our approach identifies transcriptional fluctuations as the key controlling factor for the cell cycle duration heterogeneities and predicts ways to reduce cell-to-cell variabilities by perturbing the cell cycle network regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Subrot Sarma
- Department of Chemistry, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Atharva Karulkar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Rahul Purwar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Sandip Kar
- Department of Chemistry, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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8
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Regulation of Metastatic Tumor Dormancy and Emerging Opportunities for Therapeutic Intervention. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213931. [PMID: 36430404 PMCID: PMC9698240 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer recurrence and metastasis, following successful treatment, constitutes a critical threat in clinical oncology and are the leading causes of death amongst cancer patients. This phenomenon is largely attributed to metastatic tumor dormancy, a rate-limiting stage during cancer progression, in which disseminated cancer cells remain in a viable, yet not proliferating state for a prolonged period. Dormant cancer cells are characterized by their entry into cell cycle arrest and survival in a quiescence state to adapt to their new microenvironment through the acquisition of mutations and epigenetic modifications, rendering them resistant to anti-cancer treatment and immune surveillance. Under favorable conditions, disseminated dormant tumor cells 're-awake', resume their proliferation and thus colonize distant sites. Due to their rarity, detection of dormant cells using current diagnostic tools is challenging and, thus, therapeutic targets are hard to be identified. Therefore, unraveling the underlying mechanisms required for keeping disseminating tumor cells dormant, along with signals that stimulate their "re-awakening" are crucial for the discovery of novel pharmacological treatments. In this review, we shed light into the main mechanisms that control dormancy induction and escape as well as emerging therapeutic strategies for the eradication of metastatic dormant cells, including dormancy maintenance, direct targeting of dormant cells and re-awakening dormant cells. Studies on the ability of the metastatic cancer cells to cease proliferation and survive in a quiescent state before re-initiating proliferation and colonization years after successful treatment, will pave the way toward developing innovative therapeutic strategies against dormancy-mediated metastatic outgrowth.
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9
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Li CL, Fang ZX, Wu Z, Hou YY, Wu HT, Liu J. Repurposed itraconazole for use in the treatment of malignancies as a promising therapeutic strategy. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 154:113616. [PMID: 36055112 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding cancer biology and the development of novel agents for cancer treatment has always been the goal of cancer researchers. However, the research and development of new drugs is hindered by its long development time, exorbitant cost, high regulatory hurdles, and staggering failure rates. Given the challenges involved drug development for cancer therapies, alternative strategies, in particular the repurposing of 'old' drugs that have been approved for other indications, are attractive. Itraconazole is an FDA-approved anti-fungal drug of the triazole class, and has been used clinically for more than 30 years. Recent drug repurposing screens revealed itraconazole exerts anti-cancer activity via inhibiting angiogenesis and multiple oncogenic signaling pathways. To explore the potential utilization of itraconazole in different types of malignancies, we retrieved the published literature relating to itraconazole in cancer and reviewed the mechanisms of itraconazole in preclinical and clinical cancer studies. Current research predicts the hedgehog signaling pathway as the main target by which itraconazole inhibits a variety of solid and hematological cancers. As clinical trial results become available, itraconazole could emerge as a new antitumor drug that can be used in combination with first-line antitumor drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Lan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; Department of Physiology/Changjiang Scholar's Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Ze-Xuan Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; Department of Physiology/Changjiang Scholar's Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Zheng Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; Department of Physiology/Changjiang Scholar's Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Yan-Yu Hou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; Department of Physiology/Changjiang Scholar's Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Hua-Tao Wu
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Department of Physiology/Changjiang Scholar's Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
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10
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Tumor cell dormancy: Molecular mechanisms, and pharmacological approaches to target dormant cells for countering tumor. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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11
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Kast RE, Alfieri A, Assi HI, Burns TC, Elyamany AM, Gonzalez-Cao M, Karpel-Massler G, Marosi C, Salacz ME, Sardi I, Van Vlierberghe P, Zaghloul MS, Halatsch ME. MDACT: A New Principle of Adjunctive Cancer Treatment Using Combinations of Multiple Repurposed Drugs, with an Example Regimen. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2563. [PMID: 35626167 PMCID: PMC9140192 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In part one of this two-part paper, we present eight principles that we believe must be considered for more effective treatment of the currently incurable cancers. These are addressed by multidrug adjunctive cancer treatment (MDACT), which uses multiple repurposed non-oncology drugs, not primarily to kill malignant cells, but rather to reduce the malignant cells' growth drives. Previous multidrug regimens have used MDACT principles, e.g., the CUSP9v3 glioblastoma treatment. MDACT is an amalgam of (1) the principle that to be effective in stopping a chain of events leading to an undesired outcome, one must break more than one link; (2) the principle of Palmer et al. of achieving fractional cancer cell killing via multiple drugs with independent mechanisms of action; (3) the principle of shaping versus decisive operations, both being required for successful cancer treatment; (4) an idea adapted from Chow et al., of using multiple cytotoxic medicines at low doses; (5) the idea behind CUSP9v3, using many non-oncology CNS-penetrant drugs from general medical practice, repurposed to block tumor survival paths; (6) the concept from chess that every move creates weaknesses and strengths; (7) the principle of mass-by adding force to a given effort, the chances of achieving the goal increase; and (8) the principle of blocking parallel signaling pathways. Part two gives an example MDACT regimen, gMDACT, which uses six repurposed drugs-celecoxib, dapsone, disulfiram, itraconazole, pyrimethamine, and telmisartan-to interfere with growth-driving elements common to cholangiocarcinoma, colon adenocarcinoma, glioblastoma, and non-small-cell lung cancer. gMDACT is another example of-not a replacement for-previous multidrug regimens already in clinical use, such as CUSP9v3. MDACT regimens are designed as adjuvants to be used with cytotoxic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alex Alfieri
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cantonal Hospital of Winterthur, 8400 Winterthur, Switzerland; (A.A.); (M.-E.H.)
| | - Hazem I. Assi
- Naef K. Basile Cancer Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1100, Lebanon;
| | - Terry C. Burns
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
| | - Ashraf M. Elyamany
- Oncology Unit, Hemato-Oncology Department, SECI Assiut University Egypt/King Saud Medical City, Riyadh 7790, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Maria Gonzalez-Cao
- Translational Cancer Research Unit, Dexeus University Hospital, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | | | - Christine Marosi
- Clinical Division of Medical Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Michael E. Salacz
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA;
| | - Iacopo Sardi
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Meyer Children’s Hospital, Viale Pieraccini 24, 50139 Florence, Italy;
| | - Pieter Van Vlierberghe
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Mohamed S. Zaghloul
- Children’s Cancer Hospital & National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo 11796, Egypt;
| | - Marc-Eric Halatsch
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cantonal Hospital of Winterthur, 8400 Winterthur, Switzerland; (A.A.); (M.-E.H.)
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12
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Ming H, Li B, Tian H, Zhou L, Jiang J, Zhang T, Qiao L, Wu P, Nice EC, Zhang W, He W, Huang C, Zhang H. A minimalist and robust chemo-photothermal nanoplatform capable of augmenting autophagy-modulated immune response against breast cancer. Mater Today Bio 2022; 15:100289. [PMID: 35634171 PMCID: PMC9130112 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Previously used in anti-fungal therapy, itraconazole has now been shown to be successful in treating advanced breast cancer (NCT00798135). However, its poor solubility still restricts its application in clinical treatment. There is therefore an urgent need for combined methods to enhance the therapeutic effect of itraconazole (IC) in breast cancer treatment. With this goal, co-assembled IC/IR820 NPs with synergistic photonic hyperthermia and itraconazole payloads have been constructed to overcome these shortcomings. The IC/IR820 NPs show an enhanced therapeutic effect on breast cancer by inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated apoptosis and autophagic death. Further evaluation in a mouse model has shown impressive effects of the IC/IR820 NPs on both inhibiting tumor metastasis and activating immunity to prevent tumor recurrence. Mechanistically, itraconazole may promote both tumor cell antigen presentation through autophagy and the activation of dendritic cells to induce an immune response, which displays a synergistic effect with the immune response generated by photothermal therapy to inhibit tumor recurrence. This strategy of combining itraconazole and IR820 into one minimalist and robust nanoplatform through co-assembly results in excellent therapeutic efficacy, suggesting its potential application as an alternative method for the clinical treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ming
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Bowen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Hailong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Jingwen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Ling Qiao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Peijie Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Edouard C. Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Wei Zhang
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weifeng He
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Canhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Haiyuan Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Corresponding author.
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13
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Kutay M, Gozuacik D, Çakır T. Cancer Recurrence and Omics: Metabolic Signatures of Cancer Dormancy Revealed by Transcriptome Mapping of Genome-Scale Networks. OMICS : A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2022; 26:270-279. [PMID: 35394340 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2022.0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A major problem in medicine and oncology is cancer recurrence through the activation of dormant cancer cells. A system scale examination of metabolic dysregulations associated with the cancer dormancy offers promise for the discovery of novel molecular targets for cancer precision medicine, and importantly, for the prevention of cancer recurrence. In this study, we mapped the total mRNA sequencing-based transcriptomic data from dormant cancer cell lines and nondormant cancer controls onto a human genome-scale metabolic network by using a graph-based approach, and two mass balance-based approaches with one based on reaction activity/inactivity and the other one on flux changes. The gene expression datasets were accessed from Gene Expression Omnibus (GSE83142 and GSE114012). This analysis included two diverse cancer types, a liquid and a solid cancer, namely, acute lymphoblastic leukemia and colorectal cancer. For the dormant cancer state, we observed changes in major adenosine triphosphate-producing pathways, including the citric acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, indicating a reprogramming in the metabolism of dormant cells away from Warburg-based energy metabolism. All three computational approaches unanimously predicted that folate metabolism, pyruvate metabolism, and glutamate metabolism, as well as valine/leucine/isoleucine metabolism are likely dysregulated in cancer dormancy. These findings provide new insights and molecular pathway targets on cancer dormancy, comprehensively catalog dormancy-associated metabolic pathways, and inform future research aimed at prevention of cancer recurrence in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Kutay
- Department of Bioengineering, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Devrim Gozuacik
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM) and Koc, University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
- Sabancı University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tunahan Çakır
- Department of Bioengineering, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli, Turkey
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14
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Uno K, Iyoshi S, Yoshihara M, Kitami K, Mogi K, Fujimoto H, Sugiyama M, Koya Y, Yamakita Y, Nawa A, Kanayama T, Tomita H, Enomoto A, Kajiyama H. Metastatic Voyage of Ovarian Cancer Cells in Ascites with the Assistance of Various Cellular Components. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:4383. [PMID: 35457198 PMCID: PMC9031612 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy and has a unique metastatic route using ascites, known as the transcoelomic root. However, studies on ascites and contained cellular components have not yet been sufficiently clarified. In this review, we focus on the significance of accumulating ascites, contained EOC cells in the form of spheroids, and interaction with non-malignant host cells. To become resistant against anoikis, EOC cells form spheroids in ascites, where epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition stimulated by transforming growth factor-β can be a key pathway. As spheroids form, EOC cells are also gaining the ability to attach and invade the peritoneum to induce intraperitoneal metastasis, as well as resistance to conventional chemotherapy. Recently, accumulating evidence suggests that EOC spheroids in ascites are composed of not only cancer cells, but also non-malignant cells existing with higher abundance than EOC cells in ascites, including macrophages, mesothelial cells, and lymphocytes. Moreover, hetero-cellular spheroids are demonstrated to form more aggregated spheroids and have higher adhesion ability for the mesothelial layer. To improve the poor prognosis, we need to elucidate the mechanisms of spheroid formation and interactions with non-malignant cells in ascites that are a unique tumor microenvironment for EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaname Uno
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan; (K.U.); (S.I.); (K.K.); (K.M.); (H.F.); (Y.Y.); (H.K.)
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 223-62 Lund, Sweden
| | - Shohei Iyoshi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan; (K.U.); (S.I.); (K.K.); (K.M.); (H.F.); (Y.Y.); (H.K.)
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Masato Yoshihara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan; (K.U.); (S.I.); (K.K.); (K.M.); (H.F.); (Y.Y.); (H.K.)
| | - Kazuhisa Kitami
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan; (K.U.); (S.I.); (K.K.); (K.M.); (H.F.); (Y.Y.); (H.K.)
| | - Kazumasa Mogi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan; (K.U.); (S.I.); (K.K.); (K.M.); (H.F.); (Y.Y.); (H.K.)
| | - Hiroki Fujimoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan; (K.U.); (S.I.); (K.K.); (K.M.); (H.F.); (Y.Y.); (H.K.)
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Adelaide Medical School, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia
| | - Mai Sugiyama
- Bell Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Collaborative Research, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan; (M.S.); (Y.K.); (A.N.)
| | - Yoshihiro Koya
- Bell Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Collaborative Research, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan; (M.S.); (Y.K.); (A.N.)
| | - Yoshihiko Yamakita
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan; (K.U.); (S.I.); (K.K.); (K.M.); (H.F.); (Y.Y.); (H.K.)
- Bell Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Collaborative Research, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan; (M.S.); (Y.K.); (A.N.)
| | - Akihiro Nawa
- Bell Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Collaborative Research, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan; (M.S.); (Y.K.); (A.N.)
| | - Tomohiro Kanayama
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; (T.K.); (H.T.)
| | - Hiroyuki Tomita
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; (T.K.); (H.T.)
| | - Atsushi Enomoto
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan;
| | - Hiroaki Kajiyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan; (K.U.); (S.I.); (K.K.); (K.M.); (H.F.); (Y.Y.); (H.K.)
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15
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Hua Y, Dai X, Xu Y, Xing G, Liu H, Lu T, Chen Y, Zhang Y. Drug repositioning: Progress and challenges in drug discovery for various diseases. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 234:114239. [PMID: 35290843 PMCID: PMC8883737 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Compared with traditional de novo drug discovery, drug repurposing has become an attractive drug discovery strategy due to its low-cost and high efficiency. Through a comprehensive analysis of the candidates that have been identified with drug repositioning potentials, it is found that although some drugs do not show obvious advantages in the original indications, they may exert more obvious effects in other diseases. In addition, some drugs have a synergistic effect to exert better clinical efficacy if used in combination. Particularly, it has been confirmed that drug repositioning has benefits and values on the current public health emergency such as the COVID-19 pandemic, which proved the great potential of drug repositioning. In this review, we systematically reviewed a series of representative drugs that have been repositioned for different diseases and illustrated successful cases in each disease. Especially, the mechanism of action for the representative drugs in new indications were explicitly explored for each disease, we hope this review can provide important insights for follow-up research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Hua
- Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Xiaowen Dai
- Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Guomeng Xing
- Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Haichun Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Tao Lu
- Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yadong Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Yanmin Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China.
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16
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Luo L, Ma Y, Zheng Y, Su J, Huang G. Application Progress of Organoids in Colorectal Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:815067. [PMID: 35273961 PMCID: PMC8902504 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.815067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, colorectal cancer is still the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality, and the incidence is rising. It is a long time since the researchers used cancer cell lines and animals as the study subject. However, these models possess various limitations to reflect the cancer progression in the human body. Organoids have more clinical significance than cell lines, and they also bridge the gap between animal models and humans. Patient-derived organoids are three-dimensional cultures that simulate the tumor characteristics in vivo and recapitulate tumor cell heterogeneity. Therefore, the emergence of colorectal cancer organoids provides an unprecedented opportunity for colorectal cancer research. It retains the molecular and cellular composition of the original tumor and has a high degree of homology and complexity with patient tissues. Patient-derived colorectal cancer organoids, as personalized tumor organoids, can more accurately simulate colorectal cancer patients’ occurrence, development, metastasis, and predict drug response in colorectal cancer patients. Colorectal cancer organoids show great potential for application, especially preclinical drug screening and prediction of patient response to selected treatment options. Here, we reviewed the application of colorectal cancer organoids in disease model construction, basic biological research, organoid biobank construction, drug screening and personalized medicine, drug development, drug toxicity and safety, and regenerative medicine. In addition, we also displayed the current limitations and challenges of organoids and discussed the future development direction of organoids in combination with other technologies. Finally, we summarized and analyzed the current clinical trial research of organoids, especially the clinical trials of colorectal cancer organoids. We hoped to lay a solid foundation for organoids used in colorectal cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianxiang Luo
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yucui Ma
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yilin Zheng
- Clinical Research Center, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, China
| | - Jiating Su
- The First Clinical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Guoxin Huang
- Clinical Research Center, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, China
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17
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CD44 Expression Intensity Marks Colorectal Cancer Cell Subpopulations with Different Extracellular Vesicle Release Capacity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042180. [PMID: 35216292 PMCID: PMC8879498 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EV) are released by virtually all cells and they transport biologically important molecules from the release site to target cells. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death cases, thus, it represents a major health issue. Although the EV cargo may reflect the molecular composition of the releasing cells and thus, EVs may hold a great promise for tumor diagnostics, the impact of intratumoral heterogeneity on the intensity of EV release is still largely unknown. By using CRC patient-derived organoids that maintain the cellular and molecular heterogeneity of the original epithelial tumor tissue, we proved that CD44high cells produce more organoids with a higher proliferation intensity, as compared to CD44low cells. Interestingly, we detected an increased EV release by CD44high CRC cells. In addition, we found that the miRNA cargos of CD44high and CD44low cell derived EVs largely overlapped and only four miRNAs were specific for one of the above subpopulations. We observed that EVs released by CD44high cells induced the proliferation and activation of colon fibroblasts more strongly than CD44low cells. However, this effect was due to the higher EV number rather than to the miRNA cargo of EVs. Collectively, we identified CRC subpopulations with different EV releasing capabilities and we proved that CRC cell-released EVs have a miRNA-independent effect on fibroblast proliferation and activation.
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18
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Wu HT, Li CL, Fang ZX, Chen WJ, Lin WT, Liu J. Induced Cell Cycle Arrest in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer by Combined Treatment of Itraconazole and Rapamycin. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:873131. [PMID: 35517785 PMCID: PMC9062109 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.873131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the aggressive molecular type of breast carcinoma, with a high metastasis/relapse incidence and cancer-related death rate, due to lack of specific therapeutic targets in the clinic. Exploring potential therapeutic targets or developing novel therapeutic strategies are the focus of intense research to improve the survival and life quality of patients with TNBC. The current study focused on drugs targeting the mTOR signaling pathway by investigating the potential utilization of itraconazole (ITZ) combined with rapamycin in the treatment of TNBC. CCK-8, colony formation and transwell assays were conducted to evaluate the effect of ITZ with rapamycin in combination on MDA-MB-231 and BT-549 TNBC cells. Synergistic inhibition was found in terms of proliferation and motility of TNBC cells. However, apoptosis was not enhanced by the combined treatment of ITZ and rapamycin. Flow cytometry analysis showed that ITZ and/or rapamycin arrested cells in G0/G1 phase and prevented G1/S phase transition. Reduced cyclin D1 protein levels were consistent with G0/G1 phase arrest, especially when resulting from the combination of ITZ with rapamycin. In conclusion, the combination of ITZ with rapamycin is a promising therapeutic strategy for patients with TNBC through synergistically arresting cells in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle, rather than inducing apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Tao Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Chun-Lan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Department of Physiology/Changjiang Scholar’s Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Ze-Xuan Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Department of Physiology/Changjiang Scholar’s Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Wen-Jia Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Department of Physiology/Changjiang Scholar’s Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Wen-Ting Lin
- Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Department of Physiology/Changjiang Scholar’s Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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19
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Alhasan BA, Gordeev SA, Knyazeva AR, Aleksandrova KV, Margulis BA, Guzhova IV, Suvorova II. The mTOR Pathway in Pluripotent Stem Cells: Lessons for Understanding Cancer Cell Dormancy. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:858. [PMID: 34832087 PMCID: PMC8620939 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11110858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Currently, the success of targeted anticancer therapies largely depends on the correct understanding of the dormant state of cancer cells, since it is increasingly regarded to fuel tumor recurrence. The concept of cancer cell dormancy is often considered as an adaptive response of cancer cells to stress, and, therefore, is limited. It is possible that the cancer dormant state is not a privilege of cancer cells but the same reproductive survival strategy as diapause used by embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Recent advances reveal that high autophagy and mTOR pathway reduction are key mechanisms contributing to dormancy and diapause. ESCs, sharing their main features with cancer stem cells, have a delicate balance between the mTOR pathway and autophagy activity permissive for diapause induction. In this review, we discuss the functioning of the mTOR signaling and autophagy in ESCs in detail that allows us to deepen our understanding of the biology of cancer cell dormancy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Irina I. Suvorova
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (B.A.A.); (S.A.G.); (A.R.K.); (K.V.A.); (B.A.M.); (I.V.G.)
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20
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Regan JL, Schumacher D, Staudte S, Steffen A, Lesche R, Toedling J, Jourdan T, Haybaeck J, Mumberg D, Henderson D, Győrffy B, Regenbrecht CRA, Keilholz U, Schäfer R, Lange M. RNA sequencing of long-term label-retaining colon cancer stem cells identifies novel regulators of quiescence. iScience 2021; 24:102618. [PMID: 34142064 PMCID: PMC8185225 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent data suggest that therapy-resistant quiescent cancer stem cells (qCSCs) are the source of relapse in colon cancer. Here, using colon cancer patient-derived organoids and xenografts, we identify rare long-term label-retaining qCSCs that can re-enter the cell cycle to generate new tumors. RNA sequencing analyses demonstrated that these cells display the molecular hallmarks of quiescent tissue stem cells, including expression of p53 signaling genes, and are enriched for transcripts common to damage-induced quiescent revival stem cells of the regenerating intestine. In addition, we identify negative regulators of cell cycle, downstream of p53, that we show are indicators of poor prognosis and may be targeted for qCSC abolition in both p53 wild-type and mutant tumors. These data support the temporal inhibition of downstream targets of p53 signaling, in combination with standard-of-care treatments, for the elimination of qCSCs and prevention of relapse in colon cancer. Colon tumors contain therapy-resistant quiescent cancer stem cells (qCSCs) qCSC gene expression mirrors that of quiescent stem cells of the regenerating gut qCSCs are enriched for p53 signaling genes qCSC elimination may be achieved by inhibiting downstream targets of p53 signaling
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph L Regan
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13342 Berlin, Germany.,Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dirk Schumacher
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKFZ, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Staudte
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13342 Berlin, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKFZ, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology and Radiotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Steffen
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralf Lesche
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13342 Berlin, Germany.,Nuvisan ICB GmbH, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Joern Toedling
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13342 Berlin, Germany.,Nuvisan ICB GmbH, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thibaud Jourdan
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.,Diagnostic & Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Dominik Mumberg
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - David Henderson
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- Department of Bioinformatics, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary.,TTK Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Christian R A Regenbrecht
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,CELLphenomics GmbH, 13125 Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Keilholz
- Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Reinhold Schäfer
- Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKFZ, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Lange
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13342 Berlin, Germany.,Nuvisan ICB GmbH, 13353 Berlin, Germany
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21
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Zhang Z, Ji J, Liu H. Drug Repurposing in Oncology: Current Evidence and Future Direction. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:2175-2194. [PMID: 33109032 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327999200820124111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug repurposing, the application of known drugs and compounds with a primary non-oncology purpose, might be an attractive strategy to offer more effective treatment options to cancer patients at a low cost and reduced time. METHODS This review described a total of 10 kinds of non-oncological drugs from more than 100 mechanical studies as well as evidence from population-based studies. The future direction of repurposed drug screening is discussed by using patient-derived tumor organoids. RESULTS Many old drugs showed previously unknown effects or off-target effects and can be intelligently applied for cancer chemoprevention and therapy. The identification of repurposed drugs needs to combine evidence from mechanical studies and population-based studies. Due to the heterogeneity of cancer, patient-derived tumor organoids can be used to screen the non-oncological drugs in vitro. CONCLUSION These identified old drugs could be repurposed in oncology and might be added as adjuvants and finally benefit patients with cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhan Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianguang Ji
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Sweden
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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22
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Porcupine inhibitors: Novel and emerging anti-cancer therapeutics targeting the Wnt signaling pathway. Pharmacol Res 2021; 167:105532. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Gupta S, Kumar A, Tejavath KK. Unfolding antifungals: as a new foe to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma-a mini-review. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:2945-2956. [PMID: 33796989 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06318-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Increased deaths caused due to pancreatic cancer (PC) is drawing much attention towards an immediate need for therapeutics that could possibly control this disease and increase the patients' survival rate. Despite the long list of well-established chemotherapeutic drugs in several cancers none have proved to be efficient against PC, and the increasing chemoresistance to the gold standard drug gemcitabine calls a need to search for solutions in other categories of drug. To the rescue, antifungals have shown themselves to be effective against PC and can increase gemcitabine sensitivity against PC. In this mini-review, we reported how antifungals have targeted PC and helped to reduce its lethality. Additionally, it is emphasized that how the antifungals show new mechanisms that could be triggered by using either monotherapy or combination therapy of these antifungals with chemotherapeutic drugs in PC. Moreover it shows an approach of using other drugs with possible same or other mechanism to know their effect on PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Ajmer, 305817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Atul Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Ajmer, 305817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Kiran Kumar Tejavath
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Ajmer, 305817, Rajasthan, India.
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Norkin M, Ordóñez-Morán P, Huelsken J. High-content, targeted RNA-seq screening in organoids for drug discovery in colorectal cancer. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109026. [PMID: 33882314 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Organoids allow the recapitulation of intestinal homeostasis and cancerogenesis in vitro; however, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq)-based methods for drug screens are missing. We develop targeted organoid sequencing (TORNADO-seq), a high-throughput, high-content drug discovery platform that uses targeted RNA-seq to monitor the expression of large gene signatures for the detailed evaluation of cellular phenotypes in organoids. TORNADO-seq is a fast, highly reproducible time- and cost-effective ($5 per sample) method that can probe cell mixtures and their differentiation state in the intestinal system. We apply this method to isolate drugs that enrich for differentiated cell phenotypes and show that these drugs are highly efficacious against cancer compared to wild-type organoids. Furthermore, TORNADO-seq facilitates in-depth insight into the mode of action of these drugs. Our technology can easily be adapted to many other systems and will allow for more systematic, large-scale, and quantitative approaches to study the biology of complex cellular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim Norkin
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne-(EPFL-SV), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Paloma Ordóñez-Morán
- Department of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Joerg Huelsken
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne-(EPFL-SV), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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25
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Akkoc Y, Peker N, Akcay A, Gozuacik D. Autophagy and Cancer Dormancy. Front Oncol 2021; 11:627023. [PMID: 33816262 PMCID: PMC8017298 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.627023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis and relapse account for the great majority of cancer-related deaths. Most metastatic lesions are micro metastases that have the capacity to remain in a non-dividing state called “dormancy” for months or even years. Commonly used anticancer drugs generally target actively dividing cancer cells. Therefore, cancer cells that remain in a dormant state evade conventional therapies and contribute to cancer recurrence. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of cancer dormancy are not fully understood. Recent studies indicate that a major cellular stress response mechanism, autophagy, plays an important role in the adaptation, survival and reactivation of dormant cells. In this review article, we will summarize accumulating knowledge about cellular and molecular mechanisms of cancer dormancy, and discuss the role and importance of autophagy in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunus Akkoc
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nesibe Peker
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Arzu Akcay
- Yeni Yüzyıl University, School of Medicine, Private Gaziosmanpaşa Hospital, Department of Pathology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Devrim Gozuacik
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Istanbul, Turkey.,Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.,Sabancı University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Istanbul, Turkey
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CDK1 promotes the stemness of lung cancer cells through interacting with Sox2. Clin Transl Oncol 2021; 23:1743-1751. [PMID: 33721187 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-021-02575-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The promoting roles of cyclin dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) have been revealed in various tumors, however, its effects in the progression of cancer stem cells are still confusing. This work aims to explore the roles of CDK1 in regulating the stemness of lung cancer cells. METHODS Online dataset analysis was performed to evaluate the correlation between CDK1 exression and the survival of lung cancer patients. RT-qPCR, western blot, cell viability, sphere-formation analysis and ALDH activity detection were used to investigate the roles of CDK1 on lung cancer cell stemness, viability and chemotherapeutic sensitivity. Immunocoprecipitation (Co-IP) analysis and rescuing experiments were performed to reveal the underlying mechanisms contributing to CDK1-mediated effects on lung cancer cell stemness. RESULTS CDK1 mRNA expression was negatively correlated with the overall survival of lung cancer patients and remarkably increased in tumor spheres formed by lung cancer cells compared to the parental cells. Additionally, CDK1 positively regulated the stemness of lung cancer cells. Mechanistically, CDK1 could interact with Sox2 protein, but not other stemness markers (Oct4, Nanog and CD133). Furthermore, CDK1 increased the phosphorylation, cytoplasm-nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity of Sox2 protein in lung cancer cells. Moreover, CDK1 positively regulated the stemness of lung cancer cells in a Sox2-dependent manner. Finally, we revealed that inhibition of CDK1 enhanced the chemotherapeutic sensitivity, which was also rescued by Sox2 overexpression. CONCLUSIONS This work reveals a novel CDK1/Sox2 axis responsible for maintaining the stemness of lung cancer cells.
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Ghadi M, Hosseinimehr SJ, Amiri FT, Mardanshahi A, Noaparast Z. Itraconazole synergistically increases therapeutic effect of paclitaxel and 99mTc-MIBI accumulation, as a probe of P-gp activity, in HT-29 tumor-bearing nude mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 895:173892. [PMID: 33497608 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.173892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
P-glycoprotein (P-gp), is an important efflux pump involved in chemotherapy resistance in human colon cancer. We investigated the efficacy of itraconazole as a P-gp inhibitor and its therapeutic synergistic relationship to paclitaxel through 99mTc-MIBI accumulation in HT-29 tumor-bearing nude mice. Histopathological screening along with in vitro experiments was done for further assessment. Itraconazole successfully inhibited P-gp mediated 99mTc-MIBI efflux, increasing its in vitro accumulation in itraconazole-receiving dishes. Notably, the co-administration of itraconazole with paclitaxel significantly enhanced the in vitro cytotoxicity effect of paclitaxel in itraconazole + paclitaxel wells containing HT-29 cells. Compared to the control, tumor volume in mice treated with itraconazole, paclitaxel and itraconazole +paclitaxel showed growth suppression approximately by 36.21, 60.02, and 73.3% respectively. And compared to paclitaxel group, the nude mice co-treated with paclitaxel and itraconazole showed suppression of tumor growth by about 33.31 % at the end of the treatment period. Also the biodistribution result showed that the co-administration of itraconazole with paclitaxel raised the mean tumor radioactivity accumulation compared to control and paclitaxel group. When given paclitaxel alone, the ID% of hepatic and cardiac tissue was reduced while co-administration of itraconazole with paclitaxel increased 99mTc-MIBI accumulation in these organs. Furthermore, the histopathological findings confirmed the biodistribution results. These results demonstrate that although monotherapy with itraconazole or paclitaxel has anti-tumor activity against HT-29 human colorectal cancer, a synergistic anti-tumor activity can be achieved when itraconazole is co-administered with paclitaxel. Also, 99mTc-MIBI is an effective radiotracer for monitoring response to treatment in MDR tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Ghadi
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyed Jalal Hosseinimehr
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Talebpour Amiri
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Alireza Mardanshahi
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Zohreh Noaparast
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
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Data on the in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor effects of itraconazole, paclitaxel, and the two in combination in HT-29 and YM-1 cancer cell line and HT-29 colon cancer xenograft models. Data Brief 2021; 35:106862. [PMID: 33665257 PMCID: PMC7903292 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2021.106862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is one of the fatal cancers in the world that metastatic potential and resistance to chemotherapy drugs are outstanding causes of cancer-induced mortality [1], [2], [3], [4]. We have investigated in vitro and in vivo anti-cancer effect of itraconazole and paclitaxel alone and their anti-cancer synergistic effect through MTT assay in YM-1 and HT-29 cell lines and in HT-29 tumor-bearing nude mice. Histopathological experiment was done for further assessment. Also, we evaluated the inhibitory effect of itraconazole on P-gp using specific in vivo biodistribution through 99mTc-MIBI uptake. 99mTc-MIBI, a myocardial perfusion imaging agent, is a useful radiotracer in diagnosis of some tumors and the liver and tumor accumulation of 99mTc-MIBI is changed by P-gp regulators [5], [6], [7], [8]. The data presented in this article are related to the research paper entitled "Itraconazole synergistically increases therapeutic effect of paclitaxel and 99mTc-MIBI accumulation, as a probe of P-gp activity, in HT-29 tumor-bearing nude mice". We hope our preliminary data to be helpful to design the chemotherapy regimen schedule with Itraconazole and Paclitaxel.
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Zhang J, Fan J, Zeng X, Nie M, Luan J, Wang Y, Ju D, Yin K. Hedgehog signaling in gastrointestinal carcinogenesis and the gastrointestinal tumor microenvironment. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:609-620. [PMID: 33777671 PMCID: PMC7982428 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway plays important roles in gastrointestinal carcinogenesis and the gastrointestinal tumor microenvironment (TME). Aberrant HH signaling activation may accelerate the growth of gastrointestinal tumors and lead to tumor immune tolerance and drug resistance. The interaction between HH signaling and the TME is intimately involved in these processes, for example, tumor growth, tumor immune tolerance, inflammation, and drug resistance. Evidence indicates that inflammatory factors in the TME, such as interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ), macrophages, and T cell-dependent immune responses, play a vital role in tumor growth by affecting the HH signaling pathway. Moreover, inhibition of proliferating cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and inflammatory factors can normalize the TME by suppressing HH signaling. Furthermore, aberrant HH signaling activation is favorable to both the proliferation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and the drug resistance of gastrointestinal tumors. This review discusses the current understanding of the role and mechanism of aberrant HH signaling activation in gastrointestinal carcinogenesis, the gastrointestinal TME, tumor immune tolerance and drug resistance and highlights the underlying therapeutic opportunities.
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Key Words
- 5-Fu, 5-fluorouracil
- ALK5, TGF-β receptor I kinase
- ATO, arsenic trioxide
- BCC, basal cell carcinoma
- BCL-2, B cell lymphoma 2
- BMI-1, B cell-specific moloney murine leukemia virus insertion region-1
- CAFs, cancer-associated fibroblasts
- CSCs, cancer stem cells
- Cancer stem cells
- Carcinogenesis
- DHH, Desert Hedgehog
- Drug resistance
- EGF, epidermal growth factor
- FOLFOX, oxaliplatin
- G protein coupled receptor kinase 2, HH
- Gastrointestinal cancer
- Hedgehog
- Hedgehog, HIF-1α
- IHH, Indian Hedgehog
- IL-10/6, interleukin 10/6
- ITCH, itchy E3 ubiquitin ligase
- MDSCs, myeloid-derived suppressor cells
- NK, natural killer
- NOX4, NADPH Oxidase 4
- PD-1, programmed cell death-1
- PD-L1, programmed cell death ligand-1
- PKA, protein kinase A
- PTCH, Patched
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SHH, Sonic Hedgehog
- SMAD3, mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3
- SMO, Smoothened
- SNF5, sucrose non-fermenting 5
- STAT3, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3
- SUFU, Suppressor of Fused
- TAMs, tumor-related macrophages
- TGF-β, transforming growth factor β
- TME, tumor microenvironment
- Tumor microenvironment
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- WNT, Wingless/Integrated
- and leucovorin, GLI
- ch5E1, chimeric monoclonal antibody 5E1
- glioma-associated oncogene homologue, GRK2
- hypoxia-inducible factor 1α, IFN-γ: interferon-γ
- βArr2, β-arrestin2
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghui Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Department of Biological Medicines, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jiajun Fan
- Department of Biological Medicines, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xian Zeng
- Department of Biological Medicines, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Mingming Nie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jingyun Luan
- Department of Biological Medicines, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yichen Wang
- Department of Biological Medicines, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Dianwen Ju
- Department of Biological Medicines, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Shanghai 201203, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 21 65349106 (Kai Yin); Tel.: +86 21 5198 0037; Fax +86 21 5198 0036 (Dianwen Ju).
| | - Kai Yin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 21 65349106 (Kai Yin); Tel.: +86 21 5198 0037; Fax +86 21 5198 0036 (Dianwen Ju).
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Xu Y, Wang Q, Li X, Chen Y, Xu G. Itraconazole attenuates the stemness of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells via triggering ferroptosis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:257-266. [PMID: 32951314 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is a common therapy method for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treatment; however, radioresistance greatly limits the clinical efficiency and prognosis of NPC patients. Therefore, it is extremely urgent to reveal the underlying mechanism contributing to radioresistance and find possible diagnostic biomarkers. Here, we collected the spheroids formed by NPC cells, which had been confirmed to hold the stem cell-like traits, and found that these spheroids exhibited a certain degree of radioresistance. Additionally, NPC spheroids displayed a certain degree of ferroptosis resistance, as evident by the decrease of iron concentration in lysosomes and lipid peroxides oxygen, and increase of glutathione (GSH) level. Furthermore, we revealed that itraconazole triggered the ferroptosis of NPC spheroids, which is characterized as the increase of iron concentration and lipid peroxides oxygen, and decrease of GSH level, and decreased the cell viability of NPC spheroids. Notably, itraconazole partially reversed the radioresistance of NPC spheroids. Mechanistically, we found that itraconazole can sequester iron in lysosome and thus trigger ferroptosis; this is essential for itraconazole-mediated attenuation on NPC spheroid stemness. Therefore, this study provides evidences showing that itraconazole might be used for killing NPC stem cells and thus attenuate radioresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xu
- Department of Health Management, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Health Management, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaozhen Li
- Department of Health Management, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yingyan Chen
- Department of Health Management, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Department of Health Management, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Geyer N, Gerling M. Hedgehog Signaling in Colorectal Cancer: All in the Stroma? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031025. [PMID: 33498528 PMCID: PMC7864206 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hedgehog (Hh) signaling regulates intestinal development and homeostasis. The role of Hh signaling in cancer has been studied for many years; however, its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains controversial. It has become increasingly clear that the “canonical” Hh pathway, in which ligand binding to the receptor PTCH1 initiates a signaling cascade that culminates in the activation of the GLI transcription factors, is mainly organized in a paracrine manner, both in the healthy colon and in CRC. Such canonical Hh signals largely act as tumor suppressors. In addition, stromal Hh signaling has complex immunomodulatory effects in the intestine with a potential impact on carcinogenesis. In contrast, non-canonical Hh activation may have tumor-promoting roles in a subset of CRC tumor cells. In this review, we attempt to summarize the current knowledge of the Hh pathway in CRC, with a focus on the tumor-suppressive role of canonical Hh signaling in the stroma. Despite discouraging results from clinical trials using Hh inhibitors in CRC and other solid cancers, we argue that a more granular understanding of Hh signaling might allow the exploitation of this key morphogenic pathway for cancer therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Geyer
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 14183 Huddinge, Sweden;
| | - Marco Gerling
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 14183 Huddinge, Sweden;
- Theme Cancer, Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Solna, Sweden
- Correspondence:
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Phull MS, Jadav SS, Gundla R, Mainkar PS. A perspective on medicinal chemistry approaches towards adenomatous polyposis coli and Wnt signal based colorectal cancer inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 212:113149. [PMID: 33445154 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.113149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the major causes of carcinogenic mortality in numbers only after lung and breast cancers. The mutations in adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene leads to formation of colorectal polyps in the colonic region and which develop as a malignant tumour upon coalition with patient related risk factors. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) of APC with Asef (A Rac specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor) overwhelms the patient's conditions by rapidly spreading in the entire colorectal region. Most mutations in APC gene occur in mutated cluster region (MCR), where it specifically binds with the cytosolic β-catenin to regulate the Wnt signalling pathway required for CRC cell adhesion, invasion, progression, differentiation and stemness in initial cell cycle phages. The current broad spectrum perspective is attempted to elaborate the sources of identification, development of selective APC inhibitors by targeting emopamil-binding protein (EBP) & dehydrocholesterol reductase-7 & 24 (DHCR-7 & 24); APC-Asef, β-catenin/APC, Wnt/β-catenin, β-catenin/TCF4 PPI inhibitors with other vital Wnt signal cellular proteins and APC/Pol-β interface of colorectal cancer. In this context, this perspective would serve as a platform for design of new medicinal agents by targeting cellular essential components which could accelerate anti-colorectal potential candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjinder Singh Phull
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to Be University), Hyderabad, 502329, Telangana, India
| | - Surender Singh Jadav
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Rambabu Gundla
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to Be University), Hyderabad, 502329, Telangana, India
| | - Prathama S Mainkar
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Utter Pradesh, India.
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Guo Q, Guo Q, Xiao Y, Li C, Huang Y, Luo X. Regulation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell fate by long non-coding RNA. Bone 2020; 141:115617. [PMID: 32853852 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are progenitor cells isolated from bone marrow, which keep potential to differentiate into several kinds of cells including osteoblasts and adipocytes. A dynamic mutual regulation exists between osteogenesis and adipogenesis processes. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) performs diverse functions in biological activities including regulation of BMSCs commitment. Evidence has shown that lncRNA regulates key signaling pathways including TGFβ/BMP, Wnt and Notch pathways, and several transcription factors in BMSCs differention. Dysregulation of lncRNA in BMSCs leads to disruption of osteo-adipogenesis difffrentiation and results in impairment of bone homeostasis. In this review, we focus on the role of lncRNA in several critical signaling pathways that involved in regulation of osteo-adipogenesis of BMSC and prospects the potential clinical application of lncRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyue Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 87# Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Qi Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 87# Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Ye Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 87# Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Changjun Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 87# Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 87# Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xianghang Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 87# Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, PR China.
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Damen MPF, van Rheenen J, Scheele CLGJ. Targeting dormant tumor cells to prevent cancer recurrence. FEBS J 2020; 288:6286-6303. [PMID: 33190412 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Over the years, developments in oncology led to significantly improved clinical outcome for cancer patients. However, cancer recurrence after initial treatment response still poses a major challenge, as it often involves more aggressive, metastatic disease. The presence of dormant cancer cells is associated with recurrence, metastasis, and poor clinical outcome, suggesting that these cells may play a crucial role in the process of disease relapse. Cancer cell dormancy typically presents as growth arrest while retaining proliferative capacity and can be induced or reversed by a wide array of cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic factors. Conventional therapies preferentially target fast-dividing cells, leaving dormant cancer cells largely insensitive to these treatments. In this review, we discuss the role of dormant cancer cells in cancer recurrence and highlight how novel therapy strategies based on cell-cycle modulation, modifications of existing drugs, or enhanced drug-delivery vehicles may be used to specifically target this subpopulation of tumor cells, and thereby have the potential to prevent disease recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maartje P F Damen
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jacco van Rheenen
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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35
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Sistigu A, Musella M, Galassi C, Vitale I, De Maria R. Tuning Cancer Fate: Tumor Microenvironment's Role in Cancer Stem Cell Quiescence and Reawakening. Front Immunol 2020; 11:2166. [PMID: 33193295 PMCID: PMC7609361 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cell dormancy is a common feature of human tumors and represents a major clinical barrier to the long-term efficacy of anticancer therapies. Dormant cancer cells, either in primary tumors or disseminated in secondary organs, may reawaken and relapse into a more aggressive disease. The mechanisms underpinning dormancy entry and exit strongly resemble those governing cancer cell stemness and include intrinsic and contextual cues. Cellular and molecular components of the tumor microenvironment persistently interact with cancer cells. This dialog is highly dynamic, as it evolves over time and space, strongly cooperates with intrinsic cell nets, and governs cancer cell features (like quiescence and stemness) and fate (survival and outgrowth). Therefore, there is a need for deeper insight into the biology of dormant cancer (stem) cells and the mechanisms regulating the equilibrium quiescence-versus-proliferation are vital in our pursuit of new therapeutic opportunities to prevent cancer from recurring. Here, we review and discuss microenvironmental regulations of cancer dormancy and its parallels with cancer stemness, and offer insights into the therapeutic strategies adopted to prevent a lethal recurrence, by either eradicating resident dormant cancer (stem) cells or maintaining them in a dormant state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Sistigu
- Istituto di Patologia Generale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Musella
- Istituto di Patologia Generale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Galassi
- Istituto di Patologia Generale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilio Vitale
- IIGM - Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, c/o IRCSS Candiolo (TO), Candiolo, Italy.,Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO - IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Ruggero De Maria
- Istituto di Patologia Generale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Itraconazole inhibits the Hedgehog signaling pathway thereby inducing autophagy-mediated apoptosis of colon cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:539. [PMID: 32681018 PMCID: PMC7367825 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02742-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Itraconazole is as an antifungal medication used to treat systemic fungal infections. Recently, it has been reported to be effective in suppressing tumor growth by inhibiting the Hedgehog signaling pathway and angiogenesis. In the present study, we investigated whether itraconazole induces autophagy-mediated cell death of colon cancer cells through the Hedgehog signaling pathway. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle distribution of the colon cancer cell lines SW-480 and HCT-116 were detected by flow cytometry and terminal TUNEL assay. Autophagy and signal proteins were detected by western blotting and cell proliferation-associated antigen Ki-67 was measured using immunohistochemistry. The images of autophagy flux and formation of autophagosomes were observed by laser scanning confocal and/or transmission electron microscopy. Colon cancer cell xenograft mouse models were also established. Itraconazole treatment inhibited cell proliferation via G1 cell cycle arrest as well as autophagy-mediated apoptosis of SW-480 and HCT-116 colon cancer cells. In addition, the Hedgehog pathway was found to be involved in activation of itraconazole-mediated autophagy. After using the Hedgehog agonist recombinant human Sonic Hedgehog (rhshh), itraconazole could counteract the activation of rhshh. Moreover, treatment with itraconazole produced significant cancer inhibition in HCT-116-bearing mice. Thus, itraconazole may be a potential and effective therapy for the treatment of colon cancer.
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37
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Triana-Martínez F, Loza MI, Domínguez E. Beyond Tumor Suppression: Senescence in Cancer Stemness and Tumor Dormancy. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020346. [PMID: 32028565 PMCID: PMC7072600 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we provide an overview of the importance of cellular fate in cancer as a group of diseases of abnormal cell growth. Tumor development and progression is a highly dynamic process, with several phases of evolution. The existing evidence about the origin and consequences of cancer cell fate specification (e.g., proliferation, senescence, stemness, dormancy, quiescence, and cell cycle re-entry) in the context of tumor formation and metastasis is discussed. The interplay between these dynamic tumor cell phenotypes, the microenvironment, and the immune system is also reviewed in relation to cancer. We focus on the role of senescence during cancer progression, with a special emphasis on its relationship with stemness and dormancy. Selective interventions on senescence and dormancy cell fates, including the specific targeting of cancer cell populations to prevent detrimental effects in aging and disease, are also reviewed. A new conceptual framework about the impact of synthetic lethal strategies by using senogenics and then senolytics is given, with the promise of future directions on innovative anticancer therapies.
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38
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Kashfi H, Jinks N, Nateri AS. Generating and Utilizing Murine Cas9-Expressing Intestinal Organoids for Large-Scale Knockout Genetic Screening. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2171:257-269. [PMID: 32705648 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0747-3_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Organoid culture faithfully reproduces the in vivo characteristics of the intestinal/colon epithelium and elucidates molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of stem cell compartment that, if altered, may lead tumorigenesis. CRISPR-Cas9 based editing technology has provided promising opportunities for targeted loss-of-function mutations at chosen sites in the genome of eukaryotes. Herein, we demonstrate a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutagenesis-based screening method using murine intestinal organoids by investigating the phenotypical morphology of Cas9-expressing murine intestinal organoids. Murine intestinal crypts can be isolated and seeded into Matrigel and grown into stable organoid lines. Organoids subsequently transduced and selected to generate Cas9 expressing organoids. These organoids can be further transduced with the second lentiviruses expressing guide RNA (gRNA) (s) and screened for 8-10 days using bright-field and fluorescent microscopy to determine possible morphological or phenotypical abnormalities. Via phenotypical screening analysis, the candidate knockouts can be selected based on differential abnormal growth pattern vs their untransduced or lenti-GFP transduced controls. Further assessment of these knockout organoids can be done via phalloidin and propidium iodide (PI) staining, proliferation assay and qRT-PCR and also biochemical analysis. This CRISPR/Cas9 organoid mutagenesis-based screening method provides a reliable and rapid approach for investigating large numbers of genes with unknown/poorly identified biological functions. Knockout intestinal organoids can be associated with the key biological function of the gene(s) in development, homeostasis, disease progression, tumorigenesis, and drug screening, thereby reducing and potentially replacing animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Kashfi
- Cancer Genetics & Stem Cell Group, BioDiscovery Institute, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Nicholas Jinks
- Cancer Genetics & Stem Cell Group, BioDiscovery Institute, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Abdolrahman S Nateri
- Cancer Genetics & Stem Cell Group, BioDiscovery Institute, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
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Repurposing Antibacterial AM404 as a Potential Anticancer Drug for Targeting Colorectal Cancer Stem-Like Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 12:cancers12010106. [PMID: 31906201 PMCID: PMC7017077 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumour-promoting inflammation is involved in colorectal cancer (CRC) development and therapeutic resistance. However, the antibiotics and antibacterial drugs and signalling that regulate the potency of anticancer treatment upon forced differentiation of cancer stem-like cell (CSC) are not fully defined yet. We screened an NIH-clinical collection of the small-molecule compound library of antibacterial/anti-inflammatory agents that identified potential candidate drugs targeting CRC-SC for differentiation. Selected compounds were validated in both in vitro organoids and ex vivo colon explant models for their differentiation induction, impediment on neoplastic cell growth, and to elucidate the mechanism of their anticancer activity. We initially focused on AM404, an anandamide uptake inhibitor. AM404 is a metabolite of acetaminophen with antibacterial activity, which showed high potential in preventing CRC-SC features, such as stemness/de-differentiation, migration and drug-resistance. Furthermore, AM404 suppressed the expression of FBXL5 E3-ligase, where AM404 sensitivity was mimicked by FBXL5-knockout. This study uncovers a new molecular mechanism for AM404-altering FBXL5 oncogene which mediates chemo-resistance and CRC invasion, thereby proposes to repurpose antibacterial AM404 as an anticancer agent.
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40
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Zhang X, Zhang X, Shen L, Song L, Wu J, Cao G, Chen X, Zhu B. Comprehensive analysis of differentially expressed lncRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic markers for colorectal cancer. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:4481-4489. [PMID: 31772638 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common type of cancer worldwide. Recent studies had revealed the important roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in a variety of human cancers, including CRC. However, the molecular mechanisms associated with CRC remain largely undetermined. In the current study, the GSE21510 dataset was analyzed to identify differentially expressed mRNAs and lncRNAs in CRC samples. The Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery was used to perform Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway bioinformatics analysis. Furthermore, protein-protein interaction networks were constructed to reveal interactions among differentially expressed proteins. Kaplan-Meier analysis was subsequently performed to determine the association between key lncRNA expression and the overall survival of patients with CRC. A total of 107 upregulated lncRNAs and 43 downregulated lncRNAs were identified in CRC. A lncRNA mediated co-expression network was also constructed in CRC. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that lncRNAs were associated with a series of biological processes, including 'xenobiotic glucuronidation', 'rRNA processing', 'sister chromatid cohesion', 'cell proliferation', 'mitotic nuclear division' and 'cell cycle regulation'. Furthermore, a higher expression of small nucleolar RNA host gene 17, tetratricopeptide repeat domain 2B-antisense RNA (AS) 1, erythrocyte membrane protein band 4.1 like 4A-AS2, deleted in lymphocytic leukemia 2, and a lower expression of muscle blind like splicing regulator 1-AS1 and LOC389332 were associated with shorter overall survival time in CRC samples. The present study provides useful information that can be used in the identification of novel biomarkers for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xunlei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 226300, P.R. China
| | - Xingsong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 226300, P.R. China
| | - Lili Shen
- Department of Oncology, Haimen People's Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 226100, P.R. China
| | - Li Song
- Department of Oncology, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 226300, P.R. China
| | - Jindong Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 226300, P.R. China
| | - Guangxin Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 226300, P.R. China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 226300, P.R. China
| | - Bin Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006, P.R. China
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41
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De Angelis ML, Francescangeli F, La Torre F, Zeuner A. Stem Cell Plasticity and Dormancy in the Development of Cancer Therapy Resistance. Front Oncol 2019; 9:626. [PMID: 31355143 PMCID: PMC6636659 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer treatment with either standard chemotherapy or targeted agents often results in the emergence of drug-refractory cell populations, ultimately leading to therapy failure. The biological features of drug resistant cells are largely overlapping with those of cancer stem cells and include heterogeneity, plasticity, self-renewal ability, and tumor-initiating capacity. Moreover, drug resistance is usually characterized by a suppression of proliferation that can manifest as quiescence, dormancy, senescence, or proliferative slowdown. Alterations in key cellular pathways such as autophagy, unfolded protein response or redox signaling, as well as metabolic adaptations also contribute to the establishment of drug resistance, thus representing attractive therapeutic targets. Moreover, a complex interplay of drug resistant cells with the micro/macroenvironment and with the immune system plays a key role in dictating and maintaining the resistant phenotype. Recent studies have challenged traditional views of cancer drug resistance providing innovative perspectives, establishing new connections between drug resistant cells and their environment and indicating unexpected therapeutic strategies. In this review we discuss recent advancements in understanding the mechanisms underlying drug resistance and we report novel targeting agents able to overcome the drug resistant status, with particular focus on strategies directed against dormant cells. Research on drug resistant cancer cells will take us one step forward toward the development of novel treatment approaches and the improvement of relapse-free survival in solid and hematological cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Laura De Angelis
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Filippo La Torre
- Department of Surgical Sciences Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ann Zeuner
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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42
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Zhang J, Si J, Gan L, Di C, Xie Y, Sun C, Li H, Guo M, Zhang H. Research progress on therapeutic targeting of quiescent cancer cells. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:2810-2820. [DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1638793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Zhang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Si
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Gan
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cuixia Di
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Xie
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Sun
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyan Li
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Menghuan Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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43
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Szvicsek Z, Oszvald Á, Szabó L, Sándor GO, Kelemen A, Soós AÁ, Pálóczi K, Harsányi L, Tölgyes T, Dede K, Bursics A, Buzás EI, Zeöld A, Wiener Z. Extracellular vesicle release from intestinal organoids is modulated by Apc mutation and other colorectal cancer progression factors. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:2463-2476. [PMID: 31028424 PMCID: PMC6529386 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03052-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-surrounded structures that transmit biologically important molecules from the releasing to target cells, thus providing a novel intercellular communication mechanism. Since EVs carry their cargo in a protected form and their secretion is generally increased in tumorigenesis, EVs hold a great potential for early cancer diagnosis. By 3D culturing, we provide evidence that colorectal cancer (CRC) patient-derived organoids, representing a state-of-the-art established and essential approach for studying human CRC, is a suitable model for EV analysis. When testing the effects of major factors promoting CRC progression on EV release in the organoid model, we observed that Apc mutation, leading to uncontrolled Wnt activation and thus to tumorigenesis in the vast majority in CRC patients, critically induces EV release by activating the Wnt pathway. Furthermore, the extracellular matrix component collagen, known to accumulate in tumorigenesis, enhances EV secretion as well. Importantly, we show that fibroblast-derived EVs induce colony formation of CRC organoid cells under hypoxia. In contrast, there was no major effect of tumor cell-derived EVs on the activation of fibroblasts. Collectively, our results with CRC and Apc-mutant adenoma organoids identify Apc mutation and collagen deposition as critical factors for increasing EV release from tumors. Furthermore, we provide evidence that stromal fibroblast-derived EVs contribute to tumorigenesis under unfavorable conditions in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Szvicsek
- Department of Genetics, Cell and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, 1089, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ádám Oszvald
- Department of Genetics, Cell and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, 1089, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lili Szabó
- Department of Genetics, Cell and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, 1089, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gyöngyvér Orsolya Sándor
- Department of Genetics, Cell and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, 1089, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andrea Kelemen
- Department of Genetics, Cell and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, 1089, Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Áron Soós
- Department of Genetics, Cell and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, 1089, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Pálóczi
- Department of Genetics, Cell and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, 1089, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Harsányi
- 1st Department of Surgery, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 78, 1082, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Tölgyes
- Uzsoki Hospital, Uzsoki u. 29-41, 1145, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kristóf Dede
- Uzsoki Hospital, Uzsoki u. 29-41, 1145, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Bursics
- Uzsoki Hospital, Uzsoki u. 29-41, 1145, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Edit I Buzás
- Department of Genetics, Cell and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, 1089, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE Immune-Proteogenomics Extracellular Vesicle Research Group, Nagyvárad tér 4, 1089, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anikó Zeöld
- Department of Genetics, Cell and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, 1089, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Wiener
- Department of Genetics, Cell and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, 1089, Budapest, Hungary.
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44
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Recasens A, Munoz L. Targeting Cancer Cell Dormancy. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2019; 40:128-141. [PMID: 30612715 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cell dormancy is a process whereby cells enter reversible cell cycle arrest, termed quiescence. Quiescence is essential for cancer cells to acquire additional mutations, to survive in a new environment and initiate metastasis, to become resistant to cancer therapy, and to evade immune destruction. Thus, dormant cancer cells are considered to be responsible for cancer progression. As we start to understand the mechanisms that enable quiescence, we can begin to develop pharmacological strategies to target dormant cancer cells. Herein, we summarize the major molecular mechanisms underlying the dormancy of disseminated tumor cells and drug-tolerant persister cells. We then analyze the current pharmacological strategies aimed (i) to keep cancer cells in the harmless dormant state, (ii) to reactivate dormant cells to increase their susceptibility to anti-proliferative drugs, and (iii) to eradicate dormant cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariadna Recasens
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Lenka Munoz
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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45
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Ren D, Dai Y, Yang Q, Zhang X, Guo W, Ye L, Huang S, Chen X, Lai Y, Du H, Lin C, Peng X, Song L. Wnt5a induces and maintains prostate cancer cells dormancy in bone. J Exp Med 2018; 216:428-449. [PMID: 30593464 PMCID: PMC6363426 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20180661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt5a from osteoblastic niche induces and maintains the dormancy of prostate cancer cells in bone and inhibits bone metastasis in a preventive manner, uncovering a potential therapeutic utility of Wnt5a in the treatment of bone metastatic prostate cancer. In a substantial fraction of prostate cancer (PCa) patients, bone metastasis appears after years or even decades of latency. Canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling has been proposed to be implicated in dormancy of cancer cells. However, how these tumor cells are kept dormant and recur under control of Wnt/β-catenin signaling derived from bone microenvironment remains unknown. Here, we report that Wnt5a from osteoblastic niche induces dormancy of PCa cells in a reversible manner in vitro and in vivo via inducing Siah E3 Ubiquitin Protein Ligase 2 (SIAH2) expression, which represses Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Furthermore, this effect of Wnt5a-induced dormancy of PCa cells depends on receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 2 (ROR2), and a negative correlation of ROR2 expression with bone metastasis–free survival is observed in PCa patients. Therefore, these results demonstrate that Wnt5a/ROR2/SIAH2 signaling axis plays a crucial role in inducing and maintaining PCa cells dormancy in bone, suggesting a potential therapeutic utility of Wnt5a via inducing dormancy of PCa cells in bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Ren
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhu Dai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Clinical Experimental Center, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liping Ye
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuai Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingrong Lai
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Du
- Department of Pathology, the First People's Hospital of Guangzhou City, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuyong Lin
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinsheng Peng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Libing Song
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China .,Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Zhang L, Liu Z, Kong C, Liu C, Yang K, Chen H, Huang J, Qian F. Improving Drug Delivery of Micellar Paclitaxel against Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer by Coloading Itraconazole as a Micelle Stabilizer and a Tumor Vascular Manipulator. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1802112. [PMID: 30444572 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201802112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Although polymeric micelles of paclitaxel (PTX) significantly reduce excipient-induced toxicity compared with Taxol, they exhibit few clinical advantages in tumor inhibition and overall survival. To improve, itraconazole (ITA), an antifungal drug with potent anti-angiogenesis activity, is co-encapsulated together with PTX within the PEG-PLA micelles. The strong intermolecular interactions between the payloads inhibit drug crystallization and prevent drugs from binding with external proteins, render super-stable micelles upon dilution and exposure to biological environment, and enter the tumor cells through endocytosis. The co-encapsulated micelles show strong anti-proliferation potency against non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and even PTX resistant NSCLC cells in vitro and significantly improve the drug accumulation within the tumor in vivo. Compared with PTX monotherapy or combination therapy using individual PTX and ITA micelles, the co-encapsulated micelle demonstrates strikingly superior efficacy in tumor growth inhibition, recurrence prevention, and reversion of PTX resistance, in Kras mutant patient derived xenografts, orthotropic models, and paclitaxel-resistance subcutaneous models. Besides the pharmacokinetic improvement, therapeutic benefits are also contributed by angiogenesis inhibition and blood vessel normalization by ITA. Utilizing the pharmaceutical and pharmacological synergies between the therapeutic agents, a simple yet effective design of a combination cancer nanomedicine that is industrially scalable and clinically translatable is achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Zhengsheng Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Chao Kong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Chun Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Kuan Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Huijun Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jinfeng Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medicine College, Beijing 100021, P. R. China
| | - Feng Qian
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
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Popova SA, Buczacki SJA. Itraconazole perturbs colorectal cancer dormancy through SUFU-mediated WNT inhibition. Mol Cell Oncol 2018; 5:e1494950. [PMID: 30250932 PMCID: PMC6149862 DOI: 10.1080/23723556.2018.1494950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cell dormancy is an important source of treatment failure. We studied the molecular characteristics and functional behaviour of dormant colorectal cancer cells finding them to be a differentiated yet plastic population. Organoid drug screening identified itraconazole perturbs dormancy through non-canonical hedgehog signalling effects on the WNT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simon J. A. Buczacki
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Robinson Way, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Colorectal Unit, Department of Surgery, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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