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Clayton JS, Vo C, Crane J, Scriba CK, Saker S, Larmonier T, Malfatti E, Romero NB, Ravenscroft G, Laing NG, Taylor RL. Generation of iPSC lines from three Laing distal myopathy patients with a recurrent MYH7 p.Lys1617del variant. Stem Cell Res 2024; 80:103491. [PMID: 39047410 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2024.103491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Variants in MYH7 cause cardiomyopathies as well as myosin storage myopathy and Laing early-onset distal myopathy (MPD1). MPD1 is characterized by muscle weakness and atrophy usually beginning in the lower legs. Here, we generated iPSC lines from lymphoblastoid cells of three unrelated individuals heterozygous for the most common MPD1-causing variant; p.Lys1617del. iPSC lines showed typical morphology, expressed pluripotency markers, demonstrated trilineage differentiation potential, and had a normal karyotype. These lines represent the first iPSCs derived from MPD1 patients and complement existing MPD1 animal models. They can provide in vitro platforms to better understand and model MPD1 pathomechanisms and test therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua S Clayton
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, Australia; Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, Australia.
| | - Christina Vo
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, Australia; Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Jordan Crane
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, Australia; Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Carolin K Scriba
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, Australia; Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, Australia; Neurogenetics Laboratory, Department of Diagnostic Genomics, PP Block, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Safaa Saker
- Genethon, DNA and Cell Bank, 91000 Evry, France
| | | | - Edoardo Malfatti
- APHP, Centre de Référence de Pathologie Neuromusculaire Nord-Est-Ile-de-France, Henri Mondor Hospital, France; Université Paris Est, U955, INSERM, IMRB, F-94010 Créteil, France
| | - Norma B Romero
- Sorbonne Université, Myology Institute, Neuromuscular Morphology Unit, Center for Research in Myology, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Centre de Référence de Pathologie Neuromusculaire Paris-Est, GHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Gianina Ravenscroft
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, Australia; Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Nigel G Laing
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, Australia; Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Rhonda L Taylor
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, Australia; Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, Australia
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Buvoli M, Wilson GC, Buvoli A, Gugel JF, Hau A, Bönnemann CG, Paradas C, Ryba DM, Woulfe KC, Walker LA, Buvoli T, Ochala J, Leinwand LA. A Laing distal myopathy-associated proline substitution in the β-myosin rod perturbs myosin cross-bridging activity. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e172599. [PMID: 38690726 PMCID: PMC11060730 DOI: 10.1172/jci172599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Proline substitutions within the coiled-coil rod region of the β-myosin gene (MYH7) are the predominant mutations causing Laing distal myopathy (MPD1), an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by progressive weakness of distal/proximal muscles. We report that the MDP1 mutation R1500P, studied in what we believe to be the first mouse model for the disease, adversely affected myosin motor activity despite being in the structural rod domain that directs thick filament assembly. Contractility experiments carried out on isolated mutant muscles, myofibrils, and myofibers identified muscle fatigue and weakness phenotypes, an increased rate of actin-myosin detachment, and a conformational shift of the myosin heads toward the more reactive disordered relaxed (DRX) state, causing hypercontractility and greater ATP consumption. Similarly, molecular analysis of muscle biopsies from patients with MPD1 revealed a significant increase in sarcomeric DRX content, as observed in a subset of myosin motor domain mutations causing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Finally, oral administration of MYK-581, a small molecule that decreases the population of heads in the DRX configuration, significantly improved the limited running capacity of the R1500P-transgenic mice and corrected the increased DRX state of the myofibrils from patients. These studies provide evidence of the molecular pathogenesis of proline rod mutations and lay the groundwork for the therapeutic advancement of myosin modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Buvoli
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, and
- BioFrontiers Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Genevieve C.K. Wilson
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, and
- BioFrontiers Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Ada Buvoli
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, and
- BioFrontiers Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Jack F. Gugel
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, and
- BioFrontiers Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Abbi Hau
- Centre of Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, and
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy’s Campus, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Carsten G. Bönnemann
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Carmen Paradas
- Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Neurology, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - Kathleen C. Woulfe
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Lori A. Walker
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Tommaso Buvoli
- Department of Mathematics, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Julien Ochala
- Centre of Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, and
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy’s Campus, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Leslie A. Leinwand
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, and
- BioFrontiers Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
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3
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Gao Y, Peng L, Zhao C. MYH7 in cardiomyopathy and skeletal muscle myopathy. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:393-417. [PMID: 37079208 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04735-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Myosin heavy chain gene 7 (MYH7), a sarcomeric gene encoding the myosin heavy chain (myosin-7), has attracted considerable interest as a result of its fundamental functions in cardiac and skeletal muscle contraction and numerous nucleotide variations of MYH7 are closely related to cardiomyopathy and skeletal muscle myopathy. These disorders display significantly inter- and intra-familial variability, sometimes developing complex phenotypes, including both cardiomyopathy and skeletal myopathy. Here, we review the current understanding on MYH7 with the aim to better clarify how mutations in MYH7 affect the structure and physiologic function of sarcomere, thus resulting in cardiomyopathy and skeletal muscle myopathy. Importantly, the latest advances on diagnosis, research models in vivo and in vitro and therapy for precise clinical application have made great progress and have epoch-making significance. All the great advance is discussed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Lu Peng
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Cuifen Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
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Luo A, Jia Y, Hao R, Zhou X, Bao C, Yang L, Gu C, Tang H, Chu AA. Proteomic and Phosphoproteomic Analysis of Right Ventricular Hypertrophy in the Pulmonary Hypertension Rat Model. J Proteome Res 2024; 23:264-276. [PMID: 38015796 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease that affects both the lungs and heart. Right ventricle (RV) hypertrophy is a primary pathological feature of PAH; however, its underlying molecular mechanisms remain insufficiently studied. In this study, we employed tandem mass tag (TMT)-based quantitative proteomics for the integrative analysis of the proteome and phosphoproteome of the RV derived from monocrotaline-induced PAH model rats. Compared with control samples, 564 significantly upregulated proteins, 616 downregulated proteins, 622 downregulated phosphopeptides, and 683 upregulated phosphopeptides were identified (P < 0.05, abs (log2 (fold change)) > log2 1.2) in the MCT samples. The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) validated the expression levels of top 20 significantly altered proteins, including Nppa (natriuretic peptides A), latent TGF-β binding protein 2 (Ltbp2), periostin, connective tissue growth factor 2 (Ccn2), Ncam1 (neural cell adhesion molecule), quinone reductase 2 (Nqo2), and tropomodulin 4 (Tmod4). Western blotting confirmed the upregulation of Ncam1 and downregulation of Nqo2 and Tmod4 in both MCT-induced and hypoxia-induced PH rat models. Pathway enrichment analyses indicated that the altered proteins are associated with pathways, such as vesicle-mediated transport, actin cytoskeleton organization, TCA cycle, and respiratory electron transport. These significantly changed phosphoproteins were enriched in pathways such as diabetic cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, and cardiac muscle contraction. In summary, this study provides an initial analysis of the RV proteome and phosphoproteome in the progression of PAH, highlighting several RV dysfunction-associated proteins and pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Luo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yangfan Jia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Rongrong Hao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xia Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Changlei Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Lei Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Chenxin Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Haiyang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Ai-Ai Chu
- Division of Echocardiography, Department of Cardiology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
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刘 露, 郑 奎, 张 英. [Phenotype and genotype characteristics of children with cardiomyopathy associated with MYH7 gene mutation: a retrospective analysis]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2023; 25:1156-1160. [PMID: 37990461 PMCID: PMC10672950 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2306108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the clinical phenotype and genotype characteristics of children withcardiomyopathy (CM) associated with MYH7 gene mutation. METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on the medical data of five children with CM caused by MYH7 gene mutation who were diagnosed and treated in the Department of Cardiology, Hebei Children's Hospital. RESULTS Among the five children with CM, there were three girls and two boys, all of whom carried MYH7 gene mutation. Seven mutation sites were identified, among which five were not reported before. Among the five children, there were three children with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, one child with dilated cardiomyopathy, and one child with noncompaction cardiomyopathy. The age ranged from 6 to 156 months at the initial diagnosis. At the initial diagnosis, two children had the manifestations of heart failure such as cough, shortness of breath, poor feeding, and cyanosis of lips, as well as delayed development; one child had palpitation, blackness, and syncope; one child had fever, runny nose, and abnormal liver function; all five children had a reduction in activity endurance. All five children received pharmacotherapy for improving cardiac function and survived after follow-up for 7-24 months. CONCLUSIONS The age of onset varies in children with CM caused by MYH7 gene mutation, and most children lack specific clinical manifestations at the initial diagnosis and may have the phenotype of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy or noncompaction cardiomyopathy. The children receiving early genetic diagnosis and pharmacological intervention result in a favorable short-term prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- 露 刘
- 河北省儿童医院心内科/ 河北省小儿心血管重点实验室,河北石家庄050031
| | | | - 英谦 张
- 河北省儿童医院心内科/ 河北省小儿心血管重点实验室,河北石家庄050031
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6
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Wu B, Gao X, Hu M, Hu J, Lan T, Xue T, Xu W, Zhu C, Yuan Y, Zheng J, Qin T, Xin P, Li Y, Gong L, Feng C, He S, Liu H, Li H, Wang Q, Ma Z, Qiu Q, Wang K. Distinct and shared endothermic strategies in the heat producing tissues of tuna and other teleosts. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2023; 66:2629-2645. [PMID: 37273070 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2312-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Although most fishes are ectothermic, some, including tuna and billfish, achieve endothermy through specialized heat producing tissues that are modified muscles. How these heat producing tissues evolved, and whether they share convergent molecular mechanisms, remain unresolved. Here, we generated a high-quality genome from the mackerel tuna (Euthynnus affinis) and investigated the heat producing tissues of this fish by single-nucleus and bulk RNA sequencing. Compared with other teleosts, tuna-specific genetic variation is strongly associated with muscle differentiation. Single-nucleus RNA-seq revealed a high proportion of specific slow skeletal muscle cell subtypes in the heat producing tissues of tuna. Marker genes of this cell subtype are associated with the relative sliding of actin and myosin, suggesting that tuna endothermy is mainly based on shivering thermogenesis. In contrast, cross-species transcriptome analysis indicated that endothermy in billfish relies mainly on non-shivering thermogenesis. Nevertheless, the heat producing tissues of the different species do share some tissue-specific genes, including vascular-related and mitochondrial genes. Overall, although tunas and billfishes differ in their thermogenic strategies, they share similar expression patterns in some respects, highlighting the complexity of convergent evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baosheng Wu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Xueli Gao
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Mingling Hu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Jing Hu
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Tianming Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
- BGI Life Science Joint Research Center, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150006, China
| | - Tingfeng Xue
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Wenjie Xu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Chenglong Zhu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Jiangmin Zheng
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Tao Qin
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Peidong Xin
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Ye Li
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Li Gong
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, China
| | - Chenguang Feng
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Shunping He
- Institute of Deep-Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, 572000, China
- The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Huan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
- BGI Life Science Joint Research Center, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150006, China
| | - Haimeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhenhua Ma
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China.
| | - Qiang Qiu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China.
| | - Kun Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China.
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Sonne A, Antonovic AK, Melhedegaard E, Akter F, Andersen JL, Jungbluth H, Witting N, Vissing J, Zanoteli E, Fornili A, Ochala J. Abnormal myosin post-translational modifications and ATP turnover time associated with human congenital myopathy-related RYR1 mutations. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2023; 239:e14035. [PMID: 37602753 PMCID: PMC10909445 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
AIM Conditions related to mutations in the gene encoding the skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor 1 (RYR1) are genetic muscle disorders and include congenital myopathies with permanent weakness, as well as episodic phenotypes such as rhabdomyolysis/myalgia. Although RYR1 dysfunction is the primary mechanism in RYR1-related disorders, other downstream pathogenic events are less well understood and may include a secondary remodeling of major contractile proteins. Hence, in the present study, we aimed to investigate whether congenital myopathy-related RYR1 mutations alter the regulation of the most abundant contractile protein, myosin. METHODS We used skeletal muscle tissues from five patients with RYR1-related congenital myopathy and compared those with five controls and five patients with RYR1-related rhabdomyolysis/myalgia. We then defined post-translational modifications on myosin heavy chains (MyHCs) using LC/MS. In parallel, we determined myosin relaxed states using Mant-ATP chase experiments and performed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. RESULTS LC/MS revealed two additional phosphorylations (Thr1309-P and Ser1362-P) and one acetylation (Lys1410-Ac) on the β/slow MyHC of patients with congenital myopathy. This method also identified six acetylations that were lacking on MyHC type IIa of these patients (Lys35-Ac, Lys663-Ac, Lys763-Ac, Lys1171-Ac, Lys1360-Ac, and Lys1733-Ac). MD simulations suggest that modifying myosin Ser1362 impacts the protein structure and dynamics. Finally, Mant-ATP chase experiments showed a faster ATP turnover time of myosin heads in the disordered-relaxed conformation. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, our results suggest that RYR1 mutations have secondary negative consequences on myosin structure and function, likely contributing to the congenital myopathic phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Sonne
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Anna Katarina Antonovic
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical and Chemical SciencesQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Elise Melhedegaard
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Fariha Akter
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical and Chemical SciencesQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Jesper L. Andersen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Sports Medicine CopenhagenCopenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and FrederiksbergCopenhagenDenmark
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Heinz Jungbluth
- Department of Paediatric NeurologyEvelina London Children's HospitalLondonUK
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, Muscle Signalling Section, Faculty of Life Sciences and MedicineKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Nanna Witting
- Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Department of NeurologyUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - John Vissing
- Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Department of NeurologyUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Edmar Zanoteli
- Departamento de Neurologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das ClínicasUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Arianna Fornili
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical and Chemical SciencesQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Julien Ochala
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
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8
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Weterman MAJ, Bronk M, Jongejan A, Hoogendijk JE, Krudde J, Karjosukarso D, Goebel HH, Aronica E, Jöbsis GJ, van Ruissen F, van Spaendonck-Zwarts KY, de Visser M, Baas F. Pathogenic variants in three families with distal muscle involvement. Neuromuscul Disord 2023; 33:58-64. [PMID: 36539320 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2022.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Three families suspected of distal hereditary motor neuropathy underwent genetic screening with the aim to identify the molecular defect underlying the disease. The description of the identification reflects the shift in molecular diagnostics that was made during the last decades. Our candidate gene approach yielded a known pathogenic variant in BSCL2 (p.Asn88Ser) in one family, and via a CMT-capture, in HSPB1 (p.Arg127Trp), in addition to five other variations in Charcot-Marie-Tooth-related genes in the proband of the second family. In the third family, using whole exome sequencing, followed by linkage-by-location, a three base pair deletion in exon 33 of MYH7 (p.Glu1508del) was found, a reported pathogenic allele albeit for a myopathy. After identification of the causative molecular defect, cardiac examination was performed for patients of the third family and this demonstrated abnormalities in three out of five affected family members. Heterogeneity and expansion of clinical phenotypes beyond known characteristics requires a wider set of genes to be screened. Whole exome/genome analysis with limited prior clinical information may therefore be used to precede a detailed clinical evaluation in cases of large families, preventing screening of a too narrow set of genes, and enabling the identification of novel disease-associated genes. In our cases, the variants had been reported, and co-segregation analysis confirmed the molecular diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian A J Weterman
- Department of Genome Analysis/Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Dept Clinical Genetics, LUMC, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Marieke Bronk
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Amsterdam, location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Aldo Jongejan
- Department of Bio-informatics, University Medical Center Amsterdam, location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jessica E Hoogendijk
- Department of Neurology, UMC Brain Center, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Judith Krudde
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Amsterdam, location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dyah Karjosukarso
- Department of Genome Analysis/Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hans H Goebel
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Amsterdam, location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eleonora Aronica
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - G Joost Jöbsis
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Amsterdam, location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Fred van Ruissen
- Department of Genome Analysis/Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Karin Y van Spaendonck-Zwarts
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Amsterdam, location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marianne de Visser
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Amsterdam, location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Frank Baas
- Department of Genome Analysis/Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Dept Clinical Genetics, LUMC, Leiden, the Netherlands
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9
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Younger DS. Childhood muscular dystrophies. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2023; 195:461-496. [PMID: 37562882 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-98818-6.00024-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Infancy- and childhood-onset muscular dystrophies are associated with a characteristic distribution and progression of motor dysfunction. The underlying causes of progressive childhood muscular dystrophies are heterogeneous involving diverse genetic pathways and genes that encode proteins of the plasma membrane, extracellular matrix, sarcomere, and nuclear membrane components. The prototypical clinicopathological features in an affected child may be adequate to fully distinguish it from other likely diagnoses based on four common features: (1) weakness and wasting of pelvic-femoral and scapular muscles with involvement of heart muscle; (2) elevation of serum muscle enzymes in particular serum creatine kinase; (3) necrosis and regeneration of myofibers; and (4) molecular neurogenetic assessment particularly utilizing next-generation sequencing of the genome of the likeliest candidates genes in an index case or family proband. A number of different animal models of therapeutic strategies have been developed for gene transfer therapy, but so far these techniques have not yet entered clinical practice. Treatment remains for the most part symptomatic with the goal of ameliorating locomotor and cardiorespiratory manifestations of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Younger
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Neuroscience, CUNY School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States; Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine and Neurology, White Plains Hospital, White Plains, NY, United States.
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10
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Sahinyan K, Blackburn DM, Simon MM, Lazure F, Kwan T, Bourque G, Soleimani VD. Application of ATAC-Seq for genome-wide analysis of the chromatin state at single myofiber resolution. eLife 2022; 11:72792. [PMID: 35188098 PMCID: PMC8901173 DOI: 10.7554/elife.72792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Myofibers are the main components of skeletal muscle, which is the largest tissue in the body. Myofibers are highly adaptive and can be altered under different biological and disease conditions. Therefore, transcriptional and epigenetic studies on myofibers are crucial to discover how chromatin alterations occur in the skeletal muscle under different conditions. However, due to the heterogenous nature of skeletal muscle, studying myofibers in isolation proves to be a challenging task. Single-cell sequencing has permitted the study of the epigenome of isolated myonuclei. While this provides sequencing with high dimensionality, the sequencing depth is lacking, which makes comparisons between different biological conditions difficult. Here, we report the first implementation of single myofiber ATAC-Seq, which allows for the sequencing of an individual myofiber at a depth sufficient for peak calling and for comparative analysis of chromatin accessibility under various physiological and disease conditions. Application of this technique revealed significant differences in chromatin accessibility between resting and regenerating myofibers, as well as between myofibers from a mouse model of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (mdx) and wild-type (WT) counterparts. This technique can lead to a wide application in the identification of chromatin regulatory elements and epigenetic mechanisms in muscle fibers during development and in muscle-wasting diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Korin Sahinyan
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - Darren M Blackburn
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - Marie-Michelle Simon
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,McGill Genome Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Felicia Lazure
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - Tony Kwan
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,McGill Genome Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Guillaume Bourque
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,McGill Genome Centre, Montreal, Canada.,Canadian Centre for Computational Genomics, Montreal, Canada
| | - Vahab D Soleimani
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
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11
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Grunseich C, Sarkar N, Lu J, Owen M, Schindler A, Calabresi PA, Sumner CJ, Roda RH, Chaudhry V, Lloyd TE, Crawford TO, Subramony SH, Oh SJ, Richardson P, Tanji K, Kwan JY, Fischbeck KH, Mankodi A. Improving the efficacy of exome sequencing at a quaternary care referral centre: novel mutations, clinical presentations and diagnostic challenges in rare neurogenetic diseases. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2021; 92:1186-1196. [PMID: 34103343 PMCID: PMC8522445 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2020-325437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We used a multimodal approach including detailed phenotyping, whole exome sequencing (WES) and candidate gene filters to diagnose rare neurological diseases in individuals referred by tertiary neurology centres. METHODS WES was performed on 66 individuals with neurogenetic diseases using candidate gene filters and stringent algorithms for assessing sequence variants. Pathogenic or likely pathogenic missense variants were interpreted using in silico prediction tools, family segregation analysis, previous publications of disease association and relevant biological assays. RESULTS Molecular diagnosis was achieved in 39% (n=26) including 59% of childhood-onset cases and 27% of late-onset cases. Overall, 37% (10/27) of myopathy, 41% (9/22) of neuropathy, 22% (2/9) of MND and 63% (5/8) of complex phenotypes were given genetic diagnosis. Twenty-seven disease-associated variants were identified including ten novel variants in FBXO38, LAMA2, MFN2, MYH7, PNPLA6, SH3TC2 and SPTLC1. Single-nucleotide variants (n=10) affected conserved residues within functional domains and previously identified mutation hot-spots. Established pathogenic variants (n=16) presented with atypical features, such as optic neuropathy in adult polyglucosan body disease, facial dysmorphism and skeletal anomalies in cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis, steroid-responsive weakness in congenital myasthenia syndrome 10. Potentially treatable rare diseases were diagnosed, improving the quality of life in some patients. CONCLUSIONS Integrating deep phenotyping, gene filter algorithms and biological assays increased diagnostic yield of exome sequencing, identified novel pathogenic variants and extended phenotypes of difficult to diagnose rare neurogenetic disorders in an outpatient clinic setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Grunseich
- Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Nathan Sarkar
- Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Joyce Lu
- Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Mallory Owen
- Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Alice Schindler
- Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Peter A Calabresi
- Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Charlotte J Sumner
- Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ricardo H Roda
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Vinay Chaudhry
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Thomas E Lloyd
- Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Thomas O Crawford
- Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - S H Subramony
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Shin J Oh
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Perry Richardson
- Department of Neurology, George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Kurenai Tanji
- Division of Neuropathology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Justin Y Kwan
- Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kenneth H Fischbeck
- Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ami Mankodi
- Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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12
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Molecular and cellular basis of genetically inherited skeletal muscle disorders. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2021; 22:713-732. [PMID: 34257452 PMCID: PMC9686310 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-021-00389-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Neuromuscular disorders comprise a diverse group of human inborn diseases that arise from defects in the structure and/or function of the muscle tissue - encompassing the muscle cells (myofibres) themselves and their extracellular matrix - or muscle fibre innervation. Since the identification in 1987 of the first genetic lesion associated with a neuromuscular disorder - mutations in dystrophin as an underlying cause of Duchenne muscular dystrophy - the field has made tremendous progress in understanding the genetic basis of these diseases, with pathogenic variants in more than 500 genes now identified as underlying causes of neuromuscular disorders. The subset of neuromuscular disorders that affect skeletal muscle are referred to as myopathies or muscular dystrophies, and are due to variants in genes encoding muscle proteins. Many of these proteins provide structural stability to the myofibres or function in regulating sarcolemmal integrity, whereas others are involved in protein turnover, intracellular trafficking, calcium handling and electrical excitability - processes that ensure myofibre resistance to stress and their primary activity in muscle contraction. In this Review, we discuss how defects in muscle proteins give rise to muscle dysfunction, and ultimately to disease, with a focus on pathologies that are most common, best understood and that provide the most insight into muscle biology.
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13
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Ogasawara M, Nishino I. A review of core myopathy: central core disease, multiminicore disease, dusty core disease, and core-rod myopathy. Neuromuscul Disord 2021; 31:968-977. [PMID: 34627702 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2021.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Core myopathies are clinically, pathologically, and genetically heterogeneous muscle diseases. Their onset and clinical severity are variable. Core myopathies are diagnosed by muscle biopsy showing focally reduced oxidative enzyme activity and can be pathologically divided into central core disease, multiminicore disease, dusty core disease, and core-rod myopathy. Although RYR1-related myopathy is the most common core myopathy, an increasing number of other causative genes have been reported, including SELENON, MYH2, MYH7, TTN, CCDC78, UNC45B, ACTN2, MEGF10, CFL2, KBTBD13, and TRIP4. Furthermore, the genes originally reported to cause nemaline myopathy, namely ACTA1, NEB, and TNNT1, have been recently associated with core-rod myopathy. Genetic analysis allows us to diagnose each core myopathy more accurately. In this review, we aim to provide up-to-date information about core myopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Ogasawara
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), National Institute of Neuroscience, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan; Medical Genome Center, NCNP, Tokyo, Kodaira, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Showa General Hospital, Tokyo, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Ichizo Nishino
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), National Institute of Neuroscience, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan; Medical Genome Center, NCNP, Tokyo, Kodaira, Japan.
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14
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Tremor is a common neurological symptom with a plethora of potential etiologies. Apart from physiological tremor, the vast majority of tremor syndromes are linked to a pacemaker in the central nervous system (CNS) or, less common, in the peripheral nervous system. Myogenic tremor is a novel tremor entity, first reported in 2019 and believed to originate in the muscle itself. In this review, we describe the clinical properties of myogenic tremor and discuss its presumed pathogenesis on the basis of all of the patient cases published so far. RECENT FINDINGS Myogenic tremor manifests itself as a high frequency, postural, and kinetic tremor with onset in infancy. To date, only myopathies affecting the contractile elements, in particular myosin and a myosin-associated protein, have been recognized to feature myogenic tremor. The generator of the tremor is believed to be located in the sarcomere, with propagation and amplification of sarcomeric oscillatory activity through CNS reflex loops, similar to neuropathic tremor. SUMMARY True myogenic tremor must be distinguished from centrally mediated tremor due to myopathies with central nervous system involvement, i.e., mitochondrial myopathies or myotonic dystrophies. The presence of myogenic tremor strongly points toward a sarcomere-associated mutation and may thus be a valuable clinical tool for the differential diagnosis of myopathies.
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15
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Fadel S, Walker AE. The Postmortem Interpretation of Cardiac Genetic Variants of Unknown Significance in Sudden Death in the Young: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Acad Forensic Pathol 2021; 10:166-175. [PMID: 33815637 DOI: 10.1177/1925362120984868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) in adolescents and young adults is a major traumatic event for families and communities. In these cases, it is not uncommon to have a negative autopsy with structurally and histologically normal heart. Such SCD cases are generally attributed to channelopathies, which include long QT syndrome, short QT syndrome, Brugada syndrome, and catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. Our understanding of the causes for SCDs has changed significantly with the advancements in molecular and genetic studies, where many mutations are now known to be associated with certain channelopathies. Postmortem analysis provides great value in informing decision-making with regard to screening tests and prophylactic measures that should be taken to prevent sudden death in first degree relatives of the decedent. As this is a rapidly advancing field, our ability to identify genetic mutations has surpassed our ability to interpret them. This led to a unique challenge in genetic testing called variants of unknown significance (VUS). VUSs present a diagnostic dilemma and uncertainty for clinicians and patients with regard to next steps. Caution should be exercised when interpreting VUSs since misinterpretation can result in mismanagement of patients and their families. A case of a young adult man with drowning as his proximate cause of death is presented in circumstances where cardiac genetic testing was indicated and undertaken. Eight VUSs in genes implicated in inheritable cardiac dysfunction were identified and the interpretation of VUSs in this scenario is discussed.
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16
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Hou L, Xie J, Wu Y, Wang J, Duan A, Ao Y, Liu X, Yu X, Yan H, Perreault J, Li S. Identification of 11 candidate structured noncoding RNA motifs in humans by comparative genomics. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:164. [PMID: 33750298 PMCID: PMC7941889 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07474-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Only 1.5% of the human genome encodes proteins, while large part of the remaining encodes noncoding RNAs (ncRNA). Many ncRNAs form structures and perform many important functions. Accurately identifying structured ncRNAs in the human genome and discovering their biological functions remain a major challenge. Results Here, we have established a pipeline (CM-line) with the following features for analyzing the large genomes of humans and other animals. First, we selected species with larger genetic distances to facilitate the discovery of covariations and compatible mutations. Second, we used CMfinder, which can generate useful alignments even with low sequence conservation. Third, we removed repetitive sequences and known structured ncRNAs to reduce the workload of CMfinder. Fourth, we used Infernal to find more representatives and refine the structure. We reported 11 classes of structured ncRNA candidates with significant covariations in humans. Functional analysis showed that these ncRNAs may have variable functions. Some may regulate circadian clock genes through poly (A) signals (PAS); some may regulate the elongation factor (EEF1A) and the T-cell receptor signaling pathway by cooperating with RNA binding proteins. Conclusions By searching for important features of RNA structure from large genomes, the CM-line has revealed the existence of a variety of novel structured ncRNAs. Functional analysis suggests that some newly discovered ncRNA motifs may have biological functions. The pipeline we have established for the discovery of structured ncRNAs and the identification of their functions can also be applied to analyze other large genomes. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07474-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Hou
- Medical School, Molecular Medicine Engineering and Research Center of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Molecular Diagnosis of Fujian Universities, Institute of Genomics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, P. R. China
| | - Jin Xie
- Medical School, Molecular Medicine Engineering and Research Center of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Molecular Diagnosis of Fujian Universities, Institute of Genomics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, P. R. China
| | - Yaoyao Wu
- Medical School, Molecular Medicine Engineering and Research Center of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Molecular Diagnosis of Fujian Universities, Institute of Genomics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, P. R. China
| | - Jiaojiao Wang
- Medical School, Molecular Medicine Engineering and Research Center of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Molecular Diagnosis of Fujian Universities, Institute of Genomics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, P. R. China
| | - Anqi Duan
- Medical School, Molecular Medicine Engineering and Research Center of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Molecular Diagnosis of Fujian Universities, Institute of Genomics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, P. R. China
| | - Yaqi Ao
- Medical School, Molecular Medicine Engineering and Research Center of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Molecular Diagnosis of Fujian Universities, Institute of Genomics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, P. R. China
| | - Xuejiao Liu
- Medical School, Molecular Medicine Engineering and Research Center of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Molecular Diagnosis of Fujian Universities, Institute of Genomics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, P. R. China
| | - Xinmei Yu
- Medical School, Molecular Medicine Engineering and Research Center of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Molecular Diagnosis of Fujian Universities, Institute of Genomics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, P. R. China
| | - Hui Yan
- Medical School, Molecular Medicine Engineering and Research Center of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Molecular Diagnosis of Fujian Universities, Institute of Genomics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, P. R. China
| | - Jonathan Perreault
- INRS - Institut Armand-Frappier, 531 boul des Prairies, Laval, Québec, H7V1B7, Canada
| | - Sanshu Li
- Medical School, Molecular Medicine Engineering and Research Center of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Molecular Diagnosis of Fujian Universities, Institute of Genomics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, P. R. China.
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17
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Yu M, Zhu Y, Lu Y, Lv H, Zhang W, Yuan Y, Wang Z. Clinical features and genotypes of Laing distal myopathy in a group of Chinese patients, with in-frame deletions of MYH7 as common mutations. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2020; 15:344. [PMID: 33298082 PMCID: PMC7727133 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-020-01626-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Laing distal myopathy is a rare autosomal dominant inherited distal myopathy caused by mutations of the MYH7 gene affecting mainly the rod region. We described the clinical features, muscle MRI and pathological changes as well as genetic mutations in a group of Chinese patients with Laing distal myopathy. Results Six patients with the confirmed diagnoses of Laing distal myopathy were recruited. Ankle dorsiflexion and finger extension weakness, as well as neck flexion weakness were common in our patients. Myopathic as well as neurogenic lesions were suggested by electromyography in different patients. Respiratory abnormality of sleep apnea was detected in two of our patients stressing the necessity of close respiratory monitoring in this disease. Muscle MRIs showed similar features of concentric fatty infiltration of anterior thigh muscles together with early involvement of tibialis anterior and extensor hallucis longus. However, muscle pathological presentations were varied depending on the biopsied muscles and the severity of the disease. In-frame deletions of the MYH7 gene made up 3/4 of mutations in our patients, suggesting that these are common mutations of Laing distal myopathy. Conclusions Our study further expanded the phenotypes and genotypes of Laing distal myopathy. In-frame deletions of the MYH7 gene are common causes of Laing distal myopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Lu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - He Lv
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Yun Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Zhaoxia Wang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Beijing, 100034, China.
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18
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Muelas N, Frasquet M, Más-Estellés F, Martí P, Martínez-Vicente L, Sevilla T, Azorín I, Poyatos-García J, Argente-Escrig H, Vílchez R, Vázquez-Costa JF, Bataller L, Vilchez JJ. A study of the phenotypic variability and disease progression in Laing myopathy through the evaluation of muscle imaging. Eur J Neurol 2020; 28:1356-1365. [PMID: 33151602 DOI: 10.1111/ene.14630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laing myopathy is characterized by broad clinical and pathological variability. They are limited in number and protocol of study. We aimed to delineate muscle imaging profiles and validate imaging analysis as an outcome measure. METHODS This was a cross-sectional and longitudinal cohort study. Data from clinical, functional and semi-quantitative muscle imaging (60 magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] and six computed tomography scans) were studied. Hierarchical analysis, graphic heatmap representation and correlation between imaging and clinical data using Bayesian statistics were carried out. RESULTS The study cohort comprised 42 patients from 13 families harbouring five MYH7 mutations. The cohort had a wide range of ages, age at onset, disease duration, and myopathy extension and Gardner-Medwin and Walton (GMW) functional scores. Intramuscular fat was evident in all but two asymptomatic/pauci-symptomatic patients. Anterior leg compartment muscles were the only affected muscles in 12% of the patients. Widespread extension to the thigh, hip, paravertebral and calf muscles and, less frequently, the scapulohumeral muscles was commonly observed, depicting distinct patterns and rates of progression. Foot muscles were involved in 40% of patients, evolving in parallel to other regions with absence of a disto-proximal gradient. Whole cumulative imaging score, ranging from 0 to 2.9 out of 4, was associated with disease duration and with myopathy extension and GMW scales. Follow-up MRI studies in 24 patients showed significant score progression at a variable rate. CONCLUSIONS We confirmed that the anterior leg compartment is systematically affected in Laing myopathy and may represent the only manifestation of this disorder. However, widespread muscle involvement in preferential but variable and not distance-dependent patterns was frequently observed. Imaging score analysis is useful to categorize patients and to follow disease progression over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Muelas
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Neuromuscular Reference Centre, ERN-EURO-NMD, Valencia, Spain.,Neuromuscular and Ataxias Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER, U763, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marina Frasquet
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Neuromuscular Reference Centre, ERN-EURO-NMD, Valencia, Spain.,Neuromuscular and Ataxias Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Fernando Más-Estellés
- Ascires, Neuroradiology Section, Área Clínica de Imagen Médica, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pilar Martí
- Neuromuscular and Ataxias Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER, U763, Valencia, Spain
| | - Laura Martínez-Vicente
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Neuromuscular Reference Centre, ERN-EURO-NMD, Valencia, Spain.,Neuromuscular and Ataxias Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER, U763, Valencia, Spain
| | - Teresa Sevilla
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Neuromuscular Reference Centre, ERN-EURO-NMD, Valencia, Spain.,Neuromuscular and Ataxias Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER, U763, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Azorín
- Neuromuscular and Ataxias Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER, U763, Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier Poyatos-García
- Neuromuscular and Ataxias Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Herminia Argente-Escrig
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Neuromuscular Reference Centre, ERN-EURO-NMD, Valencia, Spain.,Neuromuscular and Ataxias Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Roger Vílchez
- Neuromuscular and Ataxias Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER, U763, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan F Vázquez-Costa
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Neuromuscular Reference Centre, ERN-EURO-NMD, Valencia, Spain.,Neuromuscular and Ataxias Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER, U763, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Luis Bataller
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Neuromuscular Reference Centre, ERN-EURO-NMD, Valencia, Spain.,Neuromuscular and Ataxias Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER, U763, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan J Vilchez
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Neuromuscular Reference Centre, ERN-EURO-NMD, Valencia, Spain.,Neuromuscular and Ataxias Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER, U763, Valencia, Spain
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19
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Savarese M, Sarparanta J, Vihola A, Jonson PH, Johari M, Rusanen S, Hackman P, Udd B. Panorama of the distal myopathies. ACTA MYOLOGICA : MYOPATHIES AND CARDIOMYOPATHIES : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE MEDITERRANEAN SOCIETY OF MYOLOGY 2020; 39:245-265. [PMID: 33458580 PMCID: PMC7783427 DOI: 10.36185/2532-1900-028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Distal myopathies are genetic primary muscle disorders with a prominent weakness at onset in hands and/or feet. The age of onset (from early childhood to adulthood), the distribution of muscle weakness (upper versus lower limbs) and the histological findings (ranging from nonspecific myopathic changes to myofibrillar disarrays and rimmed vacuoles) are extremely variable. However, despite being characterized by a wide clinical and genetic heterogeneity, the distal myopathies are a category of muscular dystrophies: genetic diseases with progressive loss of muscle fibers. Myopathic congenital arthrogryposis is also a form of distal myopathy usually caused by focal amyoplasia. Massive parallel sequencing has further expanded the long list of genes associated with a distal myopathy, and contributed identifying as distal myopathy-causative rare variants in genes more often related with other skeletal or cardiac muscle diseases. Currently, almost 20 genes (ACTN2, CAV3, CRYAB, DNAJB6, DNM2, FLNC, HNRNPA1, HSPB8, KHLH9, LDB3, MATR3, MB, MYOT, PLIN4, TIA1, VCP, NOTCH2NLC, LRP12, GIPS1) have been associated with an autosomal dominant form of distal myopathy. Pathogenic changes in four genes (ADSSL, ANO5, DYSF, GNE) cause an autosomal recessive form; and disease-causing variants in five genes (DES, MYH7, NEB, RYR1 and TTN) result either in a dominant or in a recessive distal myopathy. Finally, a digenic mechanism, underlying a Welander-like form of distal myopathy, has been recently elucidated. Rare pathogenic mutations in SQSTM1, previously identified with a bone disease (Paget disease), unexpectedly cause a distal myopathy when combined with a common polymorphism in TIA1. The present review aims at describing the genetic basis of distal myopathy and at summarizing the clinical features of the different forms described so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Savarese
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaakko Sarparanta
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Vihola
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Department of Genetics, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Per Harald Jonson
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mridul Johari
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Salla Rusanen
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Peter Hackman
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bjarne Udd
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Neurology, Vaasa Central Hospital, Vaasa, Finland
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Alessi CE, Wu Q, Whitaker CH, Felice KJ. Laing Myopathy: Report of 4 New Families With Novel MYH7 Mutations, Double Mutations, and Severe Phenotype. J Clin Neuromuscul Dis 2020; 22:22-34. [PMID: 32833721 DOI: 10.1097/cnd.0000000000000297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Laing distal myopathy (LDM) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutations in the slow skeletal muscle fiber myosin heavy chain (MYH7) gene on chromosome 14q11.2. The classic LDM phenotype-including early-onset, initial involvement of foot dorsiflexors and great toe extensors, followed by weakness of neck flexors and finger extensors-is well documented. Since the original report by Laing et al in 1995, the spectrum of MYH7-related myopathies has expanded to include congenital myopathies, late-onset myopathies, myosin storage myopathy, and scapuloperoneal myopathies. Most patients with LDM harbor mutations in the midrod domain of the MYH7 gene, but rare cases document disease-associated mutations in the globular head region. In this report, we add to the medical literature by describing the clinicopathological findings in 8 affected family members from 4 new LDM families-including 2 with novel MYH7 mutations (Y162D and A1438P), one with dual mutations (V39M and K1617del), and one family (E1508del) with severe early-onset weakness associated with contractures, respiratory insufficiency, and dilated cardiomyopathy. Our families highlight the ever-expanding clinical spectrum and genetic variation of the skeletal myopathies related to MYH7 gene mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qian Wu
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT; and
| | - Charles H Whitaker
- Department of Neuromuscular Medicine, Muscular Dystrophy Association Care Center, Hospital for Special Care, New Britain, CT
| | - Kevin J Felice
- Department of Neuromuscular Medicine, Muscular Dystrophy Association Care Center, Hospital for Special Care, New Britain, CT
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Abstract
Myosins constitute a superfamily of actin-based molecular motor proteins that mediates a variety of cellular activities including muscle contraction, cell migration, intracellular transport, the formation of membrane projections, cell adhesion, and cell signaling. The 12 myosin classes that are expressed in humans share sequence similarities especially in the N-terminal motor domain; however, their enzymatic activities, regulation, ability to dimerize, binding partners, and cellular functions differ. It is becoming increasingly apparent that defects in myosins are associated with diseases including cardiomyopathies, colitis, glomerulosclerosis, neurological defects, cancer, blindness, and deafness. Here, we review the current state of knowledge regarding myosins and disease.
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Nicolau S, Liewluck T, Milone M. Myopathies with finger flexor weakness: Not only inclusion-body myositis. Muscle Nerve 2020; 62:445-454. [PMID: 32478919 DOI: 10.1002/mus.26914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Muscle disorders are characterized by differential involvement of various muscle groups. Among these, weakness predominantly affecting finger flexors is an uncommon pattern, most frequently found in sporadic inclusion-body myositis. This finding is particularly significant when the full range of histopathological findings of inclusion-body myositis is not found on muscle biopsy. Prominent finger flexor weakness, however, is also observed in other myopathies. It occurs commonly in myotonic dystrophy types 1 and 2. In addition, individual reports and small case series have documented finger flexor weakness in sarcoid and amyloid myopathy, and in inherited myopathies caused by ACTA1, CRYAB, DMD, DYSF, FLNC, GAA, GNE, HNRNPDL, LAMA2, MYH7, and VCP mutations. Therefore, the finding of finger flexor weakness requires consideration of clinical, myopathological, genetic, electrodiagnostic, and sometimes muscle imaging findings to establish a diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Nicolau
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, USA
| | - Teerin Liewluck
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, USA
| | - Margherita Milone
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, USA
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Maran S, Ee R, Faten SA, Sy Bing C, Khaw KY, Erin Lim SH, Lai KS, Wan Ibrahim WP, Mohd Zain MR, Chan KG, Gan SH, Tan HL. Mutations in the tail domain of MYH3 contributes to atrial septal defect. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230982. [PMID: 32315303 PMCID: PMC7173802 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial septal defect (ASD) is one of the most common congenital heart defects diagnosed in children. Sarcomeric genes has been attributed to ASD and knockdown of MYH3 functionally homologues gene in chick models indicated abnormal atrial septal development. Here, we report for the first time, a case-control study investigating the role of MYH3 among non-syndromic ASD patients in contributing to septal development. Four amplicons which will amplifies the 40 kb MYH3 were designed and amplified using long range-PCR. The amplicons were then sequenced using indexed paired-end libraries on the MiSeq platform. The STREGA guidelines were applied for planning and reporting. The non-synonymous c. 3574G>A (p.Ala1192Thr) [p = 0.001, OR = 2.30 (1.36-3.87)] located within the tail domain indicated a highly conserved protein region. The mutant model of c. 3574G>A (p.Ala1192Thr) showed high root mean square deviation (RMSD) values compared to the wild model. To our knowledge, this is the first study to provide compelling evidence on the pathogenesis of MYH3 variants towards ASD hence, suggesting the crucial role of non-synonymous variants in the tail domain of MYH3 towards atrial septal development. It is hoped that this gene can be used as panel for diagnosis of ASD in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathiya Maran
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University, Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
- Human Genome Centre, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
- * E-mail:
| | - Robson Ee
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siti Aisyah Faten
- Human Genome Centre, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Choi Sy Bing
- School of Data Sciences, Perdana University, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kooi Yeong Khaw
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University, Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Swee-Hua Erin Lim
- Health Sciences Division, Abu Dhabi Women's College, Higher Colleges of Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kok-Song Lai
- Health Sciences Division, Abu Dhabi Women's College, Higher Colleges of Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wan Pauzi Wan Ibrahim
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Rizal Mohd Zain
- Department of Paediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Kok Gan Chan
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- International Genome Centre, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Siew Hua Gan
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University, Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Huay Lin Tan
- Human Genome Centre, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Sarcomeric Gene Variants and Their Role with Left Ventricular Dysfunction in Background of Coronary Artery Disease. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10030442. [PMID: 32178433 PMCID: PMC7175236 DOI: 10.3390/biom10030442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
: Cardiovascular diseases are one of the leading causes of death in developing countries, generally originating as coronary artery disease (CAD) or hypertension. In later stages, many CAD patients develop left ventricle dysfunction (LVD). Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is the most prevalent prognostic factor in CAD patients. LVD is a complex multifactorial condition in which the left ventricle of the heart becomes functionally impaired. Various genetic studies have correlated LVD with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). In recent years, enormous progress has been made in identifying the genetic causes of cardiac diseases, which has further led to a greater understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying each disease. This progress has increased the probability of establishing a specific genetic diagnosis, and thus providing new opportunities for practitioners, patients, and families to utilize this genetic information. A large number of mutations in sarcomeric genes have been discovered in cardiomyopathies. In this review, we will explore the role of the sarcomeric genes in LVD in CAD patients, which is a major cause of cardiac failure and results in heart failure.
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Altered miRNA and mRNA Expression in Sika Deer Skeletal Muscle with Age. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11020172. [PMID: 32041309 PMCID: PMC7073773 DOI: 10.3390/genes11020172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies of the gene and miRNA expression profiles associated with the postnatal late growth, development, and aging of skeletal muscle are lacking in sika deer. To understand the molecular mechanisms of the growth and development of sika deer skeletal muscle, we used de novo RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and microRNA sequencing (miRNA-seq) analyses to determine the differentially expressed (DE) unigenes and miRNAs from skeletal muscle tissues at 1, 3, 5, and 10 years in sika deer. A total of 51,716 unigenes, 171 known miRNAs, and 60 novel miRNAs were identified based on four mRNA and small RNA libraries. A total of 2,044 unigenes and 11 miRNAs were differentially expressed between adolescence and juvenile sika deer, 1,946 unigenes and 4 miRNAs were differentially expressed between adult and adolescent sika deer, and 2,209 unigenes and 1 miRNAs were differentially expressed between aged and adult sika deer. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses showed that DE unigenes and miRNA were mainly related to energy and substance metabolism, processes that are closely associate with the growth, development, and aging of skeletal muscle. We also constructed mRNA–mRNA and miRNA–mRNA interaction networks related to the growth, development, and aging of skeletal muscle. The results show that mRNA (Myh1, Myh2, Myh7, ACTN3, etc.) and miRNAs (miR-133a, miR-133c, miR-192, miR-151-3p, etc.) may play important roles in muscle growth and development, and mRNA (WWP1, DEK, UCP3, FUS, etc.) and miRNAs (miR-17-5p, miR-378b, miR-199a-5p, miR-7, etc.) may have key roles in muscle aging. In this study, we determined the dynamic miRNA and unigenes transcriptome in muscle tissue for the first time in sika deer. The age-dependent miRNAs and unigenes identified will offer insights into the molecular mechanism underlying muscle development, growth, and maintenance and will also provide valuable information for sika deer genetic breeding.
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Hara K, Miyata H, Nishino I. [A case of Japanese Laing type distal myopathy with a mutation in MYH7 gene]. Rinsho Shinkeigaku 2019; 59:823-828. [PMID: 31761835 DOI: 10.5692/clinicalneurol.cn-001333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A 67-year-old man developed weakness and atrophy of the anterior compartment of the lower leg at age 53 years, followed by weakness of proximal muscles of the upper limb. His father had difficulties in walking in his thirties and died of heart disease at age 45 years. He also had mild respiratory weakness without cardiac involvement. Muscle histology showed spheroid or cytoplasmic bodies-like inclusions with moth-eaten appearance and irregular intramyofibrillar network. Electron microscopy revealed abnormally thickened and disorganized Z lines (Z line streaming) between the surrounding myofibrils and electron-dense globular deposits. These pathological findings apparently suggested myofibrillar myopathy. However, genetic analysis revealed a mutation (c.5566G>A, p.E1856K) in MYH7 gene, that is responsible for Laing-type distal myopathy (LDM). This mutation was previously reported in a study from Austria. This is the first report of LDM in the Japanese population .
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenju Hara
- Department of Neurology, Akita Red Cross Hospital
| | - Hajime Miyata
- Department of Neuropathology, Akita Cerebrospinal and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Ichizo Nishino
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neurology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry
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Singh A, Joshi S, Kukreti S. Cationic porphyrins as destabilizer of a G-quadruplex located at the promoter of human MYH7 β gene. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2019; 38:4801-4816. [PMID: 31809672 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2019.1689850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
G-quadruplex (GQ) architecture is adopted by guanine rich sequences, present throughout the eukaryotic genome including promoter locations and telomeric ends. The in vivo presence indicates their involvement and role in various biological processes. Various small ligands have been developed to interact and stabilize/destabilize G-quadruplex structures. Cationic porphyrins are among the most studied ligands, reported to bind and stabilize G-quadruplexes. Herein, we report the recognition and destabilization of a parallel G-quadruplex by porphyrins (TMPyP3 and TMPyP4). This G-quadruplex forming 23-nt G-rich sequence is in the promoter region of Human Myosin Heavy Chain β gene (MYH7β). Presence of various putative regulatory sequence elements (TATA Box, CCAAT, SP-1) located in the vicinity of this quadruplex motif, highlight its regulatory implications. Biophysical methods as Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy, UV-Absorption Spectroscopy, UV-Thermal Denaturation and Fluorescence Spectroscopy (steady as well as Time Resolved) have been used for studying the interaction and binding parameters. It is proposed that porphyrins have a destabilizing effect on the G-quadruplexes with parallel topology and a stronger binding specifically via intercalation mode is needed to cause destabilization. The study deals with better understanding and insights of DNA-Drug interactions in biological systems.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anju Singh
- Nucleic Acids Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, India
| | - Savita Joshi
- Nucleic Acids Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, India
| | - Shrikant Kukreti
- Nucleic Acids Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, India
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Du Y, Wang Y, Han X, Feng Z, Ma A. MYH7 Gene-Related Mutation p.V878L Identified in a Chinese Family with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Int Heart J 2019; 60:1415-1420. [PMID: 31735781 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.19-146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is one of the most common inherited cardiovascular diseases and possesses a high risk for sudden cardiac death. Although mutations in more than 20 genes have been reported to be associated with HCM thus far, the genetic backgrounds of most HCM patients are not fully understood. We performed a genetic analysis in a Chinese family that presented with HCM using next-generation sequencing (NGS). Clinical data, family histories, and blood samples were collected from the proband and family members. Five patients showed typical clinical symptoms of HCM. One subject was the victim of sudden cardiac death. By NGS, we determined that these subjects with HCM symptoms carried a missense heterozygous genetic mutation c.2632C>A (p.V878L) in the myosin heavy chain 7 (MYH7) gene with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. Individuals without this mutation showed no symptoms or cardiac structural abnormalities related to HCM. Bioinformatics evaluation predicted this mutant as "damaging" and "disease causing". Additionally, sequence alignment showed that this mutant is located in an evolutionarily conserved region of MYH7 in multiple species. Our results describe a potentially pathogenic mutation associated with HCM, which may extend the spectrum of HCM phenotypes related to MYH7 gene mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Du
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University
| | - Ya Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University
| | - Xiu Han
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University
| | - Zhanbin Feng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ninth Hospital of Xi'an
| | - Aiqun Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University.,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education
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Ko JY, Lee M, Jang JH, Jang DH, Ryu JS. A novel de novo mutation in MYH7 gene in a patient with early onset muscular weakness and severe kyphoscoliosis: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e16389. [PMID: 31305444 PMCID: PMC6641756 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000016389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Various phenotypes have been identified for MYH7 gene mutation-related myopathy. Here, we describe a patient with severe muscular weakness and skeletal deformity with de novo heterozygous MYH7 gene mutation. PATIENT CONCERNS A 33-year-old woman presented with early onset of muscular weakness, with delayed motor development during infancy. At age 8 years, she was unable to walk, with signs of skeletal deformity, including the progression of kyphoscoliosis. At age 31 years, she developed dyspnea. DIAGNOSIS She diagnosed with esophageal hiatal hernia with abdominal CT. In electromyography, short duration, small amplitude motor unit action potential (MUAP), and early recruitment patterns were observed in the involved proximal muscles, suggesting myopathy. Muscle histopathology showed fiber-type disproportion. INTERVENTIONS Next-generation sequencing study revealed a heterozygous in-frame deletion variation in the exon 14 of the MYH7 gene (c.1498_1500del/p.Glu500del), which is a novel variation confirmed by conventional Sanger sequencing. Compared with the parental test, this variant was concluded as de novo. OUTCOMES She received laparoscopic hiatal hernia repair and Nissen fundoplication for esophageal hiatal hernia. After surgery, her postural dyspnea improved. As there is no fundamental treatment for MYH7-related myopathies, she continued conservative treatment for her symptoms. CONCLUSION Here, we presented a rare case of de novo mutation of the myosin head domain in the MYH7 gene. This report broadens both the phenotypic and genotypic spectra of MYH7-related myopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Young Ko
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam
| | - Minyong Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | | | - Dae-Hyun Jang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ju Seok Ryu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam
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Merlini L, Sabatelli P, Antoniel M, Carinci V, Niro F, Monetti G, Torella A, Giugliano T, Faldini C, Nigro V. Congenital myopathy with hanging big toe due to homozygous myopalladin (MYPN) mutation. Skelet Muscle 2019; 9:14. [PMID: 31133047 PMCID: PMC6535860 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-019-0199-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myopalladin (MYPN) is a component of the sarcomere that tethers nebulin in skeletal muscle and nebulette in cardiac muscle to alpha-actinin at the Z lines. Autosomal dominant MYPN mutations cause hypertrophic, dilated, or restrictive cardiomyopathy. Autosomal recessive MYPN mutations have been reported in only six families showing a mildly progressive nemaline or cap myopathy with cardiomyopathy in some patients. Case presentation A consanguineous family with congenital to adult-onset muscle weakness and hanging big toe was reported. Muscle biopsy showed minimal changes with internal nuclei, type 1 fiber predominance, and ultrastructural defects of Z line. Muscle CT imaging showed marked hypodensity of the sartorius bilaterally and MRI scattered abnormal high-intensity areas in the internal tongue muscle and in the posterior cervical muscles. Cardiac involvement was demonstrated by magnetic resonance imaging and late gadolinium enhancement. Whole exome sequencing analysis identified a homozygous loss of function single nucleotide deletion in the exon 11 of the MYPN gene in two siblings. Full-length MYPN protein was undetectable on immunoblotting, and on immunofluorescence, its localization at the Z line was missed. Conclusions This report extends the phenotypic spectrum of recessive MYPN-related myopathies showing: (1) the two patients had hanging big toe and the oldest one developed spine and hand contractures, none of these signs observed in the previously reported patients, (2) specific ultrastructural changes consisting in Z line fragmentation, but (3) no nemaline or caps on muscle pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Merlini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Patrizia Sabatelli
- IRCCS-Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.,Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council of Italy, Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Antoniel
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council of Italy, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Niro
- Division of Cardiology, Hospital St. Orsola, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Annalaura Torella
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.,Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Teresa Giugliano
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Cesare Faldini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Clinic of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Nigro
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy. .,Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy.
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Stavusis J, Lace B, Schäfer J, Geist J, Inashkina I, Kidere D, Pajusalu S, Wright NT, Saak A, Weinhold M, Haubenberger D, Jackson S, Kontrogianni-Konstantopoulos A, Bönnemann CG. Novel mutations in MYBPC1 are associated with myogenic tremor and mild myopathy. Ann Neurol 2019; 86:129-142. [PMID: 31025394 DOI: 10.1002/ana.25494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To define a distinct, dominantly inherited, mild skeletal myopathy associated with prominent and consistent tremor in two unrelated, three-generation families. METHODS Clinical evaluations as well as exome and panel sequencing analyses were performed in affected and nonaffected members of two families to identify genetic variants segregating with the phenotype. Histological assessment of a muscle biopsy specimen was performed in 1 patient, and quantitative tremor analysis was carried out in 2 patients. Molecular modeling studies and biochemical assays were performed for both mutations. RESULTS Two novel missense mutations in MYBPC1 (p.E248K in family 1 and p.Y247H in family 2) were identified and shown to segregate perfectly with the myopathy/tremor phenotype in the respective families. MYBPC1 encodes slow myosin binding protein-C (sMyBP-C), a modular sarcomeric protein playing structural and regulatory roles through its dynamic interaction with actin and myosin filaments. The Y247H and E248K mutations are located in the NH2 -terminal M-motif of sMyBP-C. Both mutations result in markedly increased binding of the NH2 terminus to myosin, possibly interfering with normal cross-bridge cycling as the first muscle-based step in tremor genesis. The clinical tremor features observed in all mutation carriers, together with the tremor physiology studies performed in family 2, suggest amplification by an additional central loop modulating the clinical tremor phenomenology. INTERPRETATION Here, we link two novel missense mutations in MYBPC1 with a dominant, mild skeletal myopathy invariably associated with a distinctive tremor. The molecular, genetic, and clinical studies are consistent with a unique sarcomeric origin of the tremor, which we classify as "myogenic tremor." ANN NEUROL 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janis Stavusis
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Baiba Lace
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia.,Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Ville de Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Jochen Schäfer
- Department of Neurology-Uniklinikum CG Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Janelle Geist
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Inna Inashkina
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Dita Kidere
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Sander Pajusalu
- Department of Clinical Genetics, United Laboratories, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Tartu University, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Nathan T Wright
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA
| | - Annika Saak
- Department of Neurology-Uniklinikum CG Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Manja Weinhold
- Department of Neurology-Uniklinikum CG Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Dietrich Haubenberger
- Clinical Trials Unit, Office of the Clinical Director, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Sandra Jackson
- Department of Neurology-Uniklinikum CG Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Carsten G Bönnemann
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD
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Gonorazky HD, Dowling JJ, Volpatti JR, Vajsar J. Signs and Symptoms in Congenital Myopathies. Semin Pediatr Neurol 2019; 29:3-11. [PMID: 31060723 DOI: 10.1016/j.spen.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Congenital myopathies (CM) represent a continuously growing group of disorders with a wide range of clinical and histopathologic presentations. The refinement and application of new technologies for genetic diagnosis have broadened our understanding of the genetic causes of CM. Our growing knowledge has revealed that there are no clear limits between each subgroup of CM, and thus the clinical overlap between genes has become more evident. The implementation of next generation sequencing has produced vast amounts of genomic data that may be difficult to interpret. With an increasing number of reports revealing variants of unknown significance, it is essential to support the genetic diagnosis with a well characterized clinical description of the patient. Phenotype-genotype correlation should be a priority at the moment of disclosing the genetic results. Thus, a detailed physical examination can provide us with subtle differences that are not only key in order to arrive at a correct diagnosis, but also in the characterization of new myopathies and candidate genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hernan D Gonorazky
- Division of Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - James J Dowling
- Division of Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jonathan R Volpatti
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jiri Vajsar
- Division of Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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35
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Lee HCH, Lau WL, Ko CH, Lee KC, Cheng FY, Wong S, Woo YH, Mak CM. Flexi-Myo Panel Strategy: Genomic Diagnoses of Myopathies and Muscular Dystrophies by Next-Generation Sequencing. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2019; 24:99-104. [PMID: 30907627 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2018.0185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: Muscle disorders are clinically and genetically heterogeneous. Investigations, including plasma creatine kinase, electromyography, and nerve conduction velocity studies are often nonspecific, whereas muscle biopsy might be limited by sampling bias and variable histopathology. Next-generation sequencing is now generally considered an important diagnostic tool for muscle disorders, with decreased costs and improved diagnostic yield. Inclusion of a large number of genes in the analysis might, however, generate a large number of ambiguous results and create unnecessary confusion for clinicians and patients. Methods: An ethnic Chinese patient presented at age 10 with tip-toe walking. Upon examination the patient had a waddling gait, a tight Achilles tendon with pes cavus. A muscle biopsy showed the presence of minicores with disruption of the myofibrillary network and Z-bands. Sequencing was performed using the Flexi-Myo panel, which provides coverage for 85 myopathic genes. Reporting of sequencing results was decided by the responsible chemical pathologists based on the available clinical and genetic information. Results: A previously identified heterozygous in-frame deletion was detected in MYH7, which confirmed the diagnosis of Laing myopathy. No variants of uncertain significance required reporting. Conclusion: We describe the effectiveness of our Flexi-Myo panel approach for the diagnosis of muscle disorders, which confirmed diagnosis of Laing myopathy in what had been a clinically ambiguous presentation. This approach enables efficient genomic testing for muscle diseases in adults and children with satisfactory diagnostic yield and sufficient sensitivity, whereas avoiding the reporting of ambiguous results. Similar strategies might also be implemented for other groups of disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wai-Ling Lau
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Caritas Medical Centre, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chun-Hung Ko
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Caritas Medical Centre, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kam-Cheong Lee
- Department of Pathology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Fung-Yip Cheng
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Caritas Medical Centre, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shun Wong
- Department of Pathology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong, China.,Pathology Department, St. Paul's Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yip-Hin Woo
- Department of Radiology, Caritas Medical Centre, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chloe Miu Mak
- Department of Pathology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong, China
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Surikova Y, Filatova A, Polyak M, Skoblov M, Zaklyazminskaya E. Common pathogenic mechanism in patients with dropped head syndrome caused by different mutations in the MYH7 gene. Gene 2019; 697:159-164. [PMID: 30794915 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the MYH7 gene are the source of an allelic series of diseases, including various cardiomyopathies and skeletal myopathies that usually manifest in adulthood. We observed a 1.5 y.o. male patient with congenital weaknesses of the axial muscles, "dropped head" syndrome, and dilated cardiomyopathy. The clinical evaluation included medical history, an echocardiogram, electromyography, and a histopathological study. The genetic evaluation included whole exome sequencing. Muscle biopsy samples from the proband were used for mRNA extraction. We revealed a novel genetic variant c.5655 + 5G > C in the MYH7 gene. The analysis of the cDNA showed an in-frame skipping of exon 38 (p.1854_1885del). This variant and two previously published mutations (c.5655G > A and c.5655 + 1G > A), also presumably leading to exon 38 skipping, were studied by expression analysis in the HEK293T cell line transfected with 4 plasmids containing the MYH7 minigene (wt, c.5655G > C, c.5655 + 1G > A and c.5655 + 5G > A). A quantitative difference in expression was shown for cell lines with each of the three mutant plasmids. All mutation carriers had a similar phenotype and included congenital axial myopathy and variable cardiac involvement. Prominent dropped head syndrome was mentioned in all patients. Early-onset axial myopathy with a dropped head syndrome is a distinct clinical entity within MYH7-related disorders. We suggest that mutations in the MYH7 gene affecting the C-terminal domain of beta-myosin heavy chain should also be considered as a possible cause in cases of early-onset myopathy with "dropped head" syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Surikova
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Petrovsky Russian Research Center of Surgery, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Alexandra Filatova
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow 115522, Russia
| | - Margarita Polyak
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Petrovsky Russian Research Center of Surgery, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Mikhail Skoblov
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow 115522, Russia; School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690090, Russia
| | - Elena Zaklyazminskaya
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Petrovsky Russian Research Center of Surgery, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia
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Ravenscroft G, Bryson-Richardson RJ, Nowak KJ, Laing NG. Recent advances in understanding congenital myopathies. F1000Res 2018; 7. [PMID: 30631434 PMCID: PMC6290972 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.16422.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
By definition, congenital myopathy typically presents with skeletal muscle weakness and hypotonia at birth. Traditionally, congenital myopathy subtypes have been predominantly distinguished on the basis of the pathological hallmarks present on skeletal muscle biopsies. Many genes cause congenital myopathies when mutated, and a burst of new causative genes have been identified because of advances in gene sequencing technology. Recent discoveries include extending the disease phenotypes associated with previously identified genes and determining that genes formerly known to cause only dominant disease can also cause recessive disease. The more recently identified congenital myopathy genes account for only a small proportion of patients. Thus, the congenital myopathy genes remaining to be discovered are predicted to be extremely rare causes of disease, which greatly hampers their identification. Significant progress in the provision of molecular diagnoses brings important information and value to patients and their families, such as possible disease prognosis, better disease management, and informed reproductive choice, including carrier screening of parents. Additionally, from accurate genetic knowledge, rational treatment options can be hypothesised and subsequently evaluated
in vitro and in animal models. A wide range of potential congenital myopathy therapies have been investigated on the basis of improved understanding of disease pathomechanisms, and some therapies are in clinical trials. Although large hurdles remain, promise exists for translating treatment benefits from preclinical models to patients with congenital myopathy, including harnessing proven successes for other genetic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianina Ravenscroft
- Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | | | - Kristen J Nowak
- Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Office of Population Health Genomics, Western Australian Department of Health, East Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Nigel G Laing
- Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Department of Diagnostic Genomics, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, Australia
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38
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Milone M, Liewluck T. The unfolding spectrum of inherited distal myopathies. Muscle Nerve 2018; 59:283-294. [PMID: 30171629 DOI: 10.1002/mus.26332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Distal myopathies are a group of rare muscle diseases characterized by distal weakness at onset. Although acquired myopathies can occasionally present with distal weakness, the majority of distal myopathies have a genetic etiology. Their age of onset varies from early-childhood to late-adulthood while the predominant muscle weakness can affect calf, ankle dorsiflexor, or distal upper limb muscles. A spectrum of muscle pathological changes, varying from nonspecific myopathic changes to rimmed vacuoles to myofibrillar pathology to nuclei centralization, have been noted. Likewise, the underlying molecular defect is heterogeneous. In addition, there is emerging evidence that distal myopathies can result from defective proteins encoded by genes causative of neurogenic disorders, be manifestation of multisystem proteinopathies or the result of the altered interplay between different genes. In this review, we provide an overview on the clinical, electrophysiological, pathological, and molecular aspects of distal myopathies, focusing on the most recent developments in the field. Muscle Nerve 59:283-294, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Teerin Liewluck
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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Carbonell-Corvillo P, Tristán-Clavijo E, Cabrera-Serrano M, Servián-Morilla E, García-Martín G, Villarreal-Pérez L, Rivas-Infante E, Area-Gómez E, Chamorro-Muñoz M, Gil-Gálvez A, Miranda-Vizuete A, Martinez-Mir A, Laing N, Paradas C. A novel MYH7 founder mutation causing Laing distal myopathy in Southern Spain. Neuromuscul Disord 2018; 28:828-836. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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40
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Chen R, Jiang T, Lei S, She Y, Shi H, Zhou S, Ou J, Liu Y. Expression of circular RNAs during C2C12 myoblast differentiation and prediction of coding potential based on the number of open reading frames and N6-methyladenosine motifs. Cell Cycle 2018; 17:1832-1845. [PMID: 30080426 PMCID: PMC6133337 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2018.1502575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of circular RNAs (circRNAs) as regulators of muscle development and muscle-associated disorders is becoming increasingly apparent. To explore potential regulators of muscle differentiation, we determined the expression profiles of circRNAs of skeletal muscle C2C12 myoblasts and myotubes using microarray analysis. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed to explore circRNA functions. We also established competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks using bioinformatics methods and predicted the coding potential of differentially expressed circRNAs. We found that 581 circRNAs were differentially regulated between C2C12 myoblasts and myotubes. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that the primary functions of the linear transcripts of the circRNAs were linked with organization of the cytoskeleton, calcium signaling, cell cycle, and metabolic pathways. ceRNA networks showed that the myogenic-specific genes myogenin, myocyte enhancer factor 2a, myosin heavy chain (Myh)-1, Myh7, and Myh7b could combine with 91 miRNAs and the top 30 upregulated circRNAs, forming 239 edges. According to the number of open reading frames and N6-methyladenosine motifs, we identified 224 circRNAs with coding potential, and performed GO and KEGG analyses based on the linear counterparts of 75 circRNAs. We determined that the 75 circRNAs were related to regulation of the actin cytoskeleton and metabolic pathways. We established expression profiles of circRNAs during C2C12 myoblast differentiation and predicted the function of differentially expressed circRNAs, which might be involved in skeletal muscle development. Our study offers new insight into the functions of circRNAs in skeletal muscle growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- Guangdong Traditional Medical and Sports Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Jiang
- Department of Radiology,The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Si Lei
- Guangdong Traditional Medical and Sports Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanling She
- Guangdong Traditional Medical and Sports Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huacai Shi
- Guangdong Traditional Medical and Sports Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanyao Zhou
- Guangdong Traditional Medical and Sports Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Ou
- Department of Technology, Guangzhou FitGene Biotechnology CO., LTD, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yulin Liu
- Department of Technology, Guangzhou FitGene Biotechnology CO., LTD, Guangzhou, China
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41
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Viswanathan MC, Tham RC, Kronert WA, Sarsoza F, Trujillo AS, Cammarato A, Bernstein SI. Myosin storage myopathy mutations yield defective myosin filament assembly in vitro and disrupted myofibrillar structure and function in vivo. Hum Mol Genet 2018; 26:4799-4813. [PMID: 28973424 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Myosin storage myopathy (MSM) is a congenital skeletal muscle disorder caused by missense mutations in the β-cardiac/slow skeletal muscle myosin heavy chain rod. It is characterized by subsarcolemmal accumulations of myosin that have a hyaline appearance. MSM mutations map near or within the assembly competence domain known to be crucial for thick filament formation. Drosophila MSM models were generated for comprehensive physiological, structural, and biochemical assessment of the mutations' consequences on muscle and myosin structure and function. L1793P, R1845W, and E1883K MSM mutant myosins were expressed in an indirect flight (IFM) and jump muscle myosin null background to study the effects of these variants without confounding influences from wild-type myosin. Mutant animals displayed highly compromised jump and flight ability, disrupted muscle proteostasis, and severely perturbed IFM structure. Electron microscopy revealed myofibrillar disarray and degeneration with hyaline-like inclusions. In vitro assembly assays demonstrated a decreased ability of mutant myosin to polymerize, with L1793P filaments exhibiting shorter lengths. In addition, limited proteolysis experiments showed a reduced stability of L1793P and E1883K filaments. We conclude that the disrupted hydropathy or charge of residues in the heptad repeat of the mutant myosin rods likely alters interactions that stabilize coiled-coil dimers and thick filaments, causing disruption in ordered myofibrillogenesis and/or myofibrillar integrity, and the consequent myosin aggregation. Our Drosophila models are the first to recapitulate the human MSM phenotype with ultrastructural inclusions, suggesting that the diminished ability of the mutant myosin to form stable thick filaments contributes to the dystrophic phenotype observed in afflicted subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meera C Viswanathan
- Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Institute and Heart Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182-4614, USA.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Rick C Tham
- Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Institute and Heart Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182-4614, USA
| | - William A Kronert
- Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Institute and Heart Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182-4614, USA
| | - Floyd Sarsoza
- Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Institute and Heart Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182-4614, USA
| | - Adriana S Trujillo
- Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Institute and Heart Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182-4614, USA
| | - Anthony Cammarato
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Sanford I Bernstein
- Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Institute and Heart Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182-4614, USA
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Drosophila model of myosin myopathy rescued by overexpression of a TRIM-protein family member. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E6566-E6575. [PMID: 29946036 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1800727115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Myosin is a molecular motor indispensable for body movement and heart contractility. Apart from pure cardiomyopathy, mutations in MYH7 encoding slow/β-cardiac myosin heavy chain also cause skeletal muscle disease with or without cardiac involvement. Mutations within the α-helical rod domain of MYH7 are mainly associated with Laing distal myopathy. To investigate the mechanisms underlying the pathology of the recurrent causative MYH7 mutation (K1729del), we have developed a Drosophila melanogaster model of Laing distal myopathy by genomic engineering of the Drosophila Mhc locus. Homozygous MhcK1728del animals die during larval/pupal stages, and both homozygous and heterozygous larvae display reduced muscle function. Flies expressing only MhcK1728del in indirect flight and jump muscles, and heterozygous MhcK1728del animals, were flightless, with reduced movement and decreased lifespan. Sarcomeres of MhcK1728del mutant indirect flight muscles and larval body wall muscles were disrupted with clearly disorganized muscle filaments. Homozygous MhcK1728del larvae also demonstrated structural and functional impairments in heart muscle, which were not observed in heterozygous animals, indicating a dose-dependent effect of the mutated allele. The impaired jump and flight ability and the myopathy of indirect flight and leg muscles associated with MhcK1728del were fully suppressed by expression of Abba/Thin, an E3-ligase that is essential for maintaining sarcomere integrity. This model of Laing distal myopathy in Drosophila recapitulates certain morphological phenotypic features seen in Laing distal myopathy patients with the recurrent K1729del mutation. Our observations that Abba/Thin modulates these phenotypes suggest that manipulation of Abba/Thin activity levels may be beneficial in Laing distal myopathy.
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43
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Dabaj I, Carlier RY, Gómez‐Andrés D, Neto OA, Bertini E, D'amico A, Fattori F, PéRéon Y, Castiglioni C, Rodillo E, Catteruccia M, Guimarães JB, Oliveira ASB, Reed UC, Mesrob L, Lechner D, Boland A, Deleuze J, Malfatti E, Bonnemann C, Laporte J, Romero N, Felter A, Quijano‐Roy S, Moreno CAM, Zanoteli E. Clinical and imaging hallmarks of the
MYH7
‐related myopathy with severe axial involvement. Muscle Nerve 2018; 58:224-234. [DOI: 10.1002/mus.26137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Dabaj
- APHP, Service de Pediatrie, Pôle Neuro‐locomoteur, Hôpital Universitaire Raymond Poincaré‐Garches, Centre de Reference de Maladies Neuromusculaires Centre de référence des maladies neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France
| | - Robert Y Carlier
- APHP, Service d'Imagerie Médicale, Pôle Neuro‐locomoteur, Hôpital Universitaire Raymond Poincaré‐Garches; Centre de référence des maladies neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France, UMR 1179 Université Paris Saclay France
| | - David Gómez‐Andrés
- Child Neurology Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, ERN‐RND / ERN‐NMD. Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Barcelona, SpainBarcelona Spain
| | - Osório Abath Neto
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetics Disorders of Childhood Section, Neurogenetics Branch, National Institutes of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIHBethesda Maryland USA
| | - Enrico Bertini
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesú Children's HospitalRome Italy
| | - Adele D'amico
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesú Children's HospitalRome Italy
| | - Fabiana Fattori
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesú Children's HospitalRome Italy
| | - Yann PéRéon
- APHP, Service d'Imagerie Médicale, Pôle Neuro‐locomoteur, Hôpital Universitaire Raymond Poincaré‐Garches; Centre de référence des maladies neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France, UMR 1179 Université Paris Saclay France
- Centre de reference de maladies neuromusculaires Nantes‐Angers, Hôtel‐Dieu, CHU Nantes France
| | | | - Eliana Rodillo
- Department of Pediatric, Neurology UnitClínica Las CondesSantiago Chile
| | - Michela Catteruccia
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesú Children's HospitalRome Italy
| | | | | | - Umbertina Conti Reed
- Departamento de NeurologiaFaculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP)São Paulo Brazil
| | - Lilia Mesrob
- Centre National de Génotypage, Institut de Génomique, CEAEvry France
| | - Doris Lechner
- Centre National de Génotypage, Institut de Génomique, CEAEvry France
| | - Anne Boland
- Centre National de Génotypage, Institut de Génomique, CEAEvry France
| | | | - Edoardo Malfatti
- APHP, Service d'Imagerie Médicale, Pôle Neuro‐locomoteur, Hôpital Universitaire Raymond Poincaré‐Garches; Centre de référence des maladies neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France, UMR 1179 Université Paris Saclay France
- Laboratoire de Pathologie musculaire, Institut de MyologieParis France
| | - Carsten Bonnemann
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetics Disorders of Childhood Section, Neurogenetics Branch, National Institutes of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIHBethesda Maryland USA
| | - Jocelyn Laporte
- Department of Translational Medicine and Neurogenetics, IGBMC, INSERM U964, CNRS UMR7104University of StrasbourgIllkirch France
| | - Norma Romero
- APHP, Service d'Imagerie Médicale, Pôle Neuro‐locomoteur, Hôpital Universitaire Raymond Poincaré‐Garches; Centre de référence des maladies neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France, UMR 1179 Université Paris Saclay France
- Laboratoire de Pathologie musculaire, Institut de MyologieParis France
| | - Adrien Felter
- APHP, Service d'Imagerie Médicale, Pôle Neuro‐locomoteur, Hôpital Universitaire Raymond Poincaré‐Garches; Centre de référence des maladies neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France, UMR 1179 Université Paris Saclay France
| | - Susana Quijano‐Roy
- APHP, Service de Pediatrie, Pôle Neuro‐locomoteur, Hôpital Universitaire Raymond Poincaré‐Garches, Centre de Reference de Maladies Neuromusculaires Centre de référence des maladies neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France
| | | | - Edmar Zanoteli
- Departamento de NeurologiaFaculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP)São Paulo Brazil
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Parker F, Batchelor M, Wolny M, Hughes R, Knight PJ, Peckham M. A1603P and K1617del, Mutations in β-Cardiac Myosin Heavy Chain that Cause Laing Early-Onset Distal Myopathy, Affect Secondary Structure and Filament Formation In Vitro and In Vivo. J Mol Biol 2018; 430:1459-1478. [PMID: 29660325 PMCID: PMC5958240 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Over 20 mutations in β-cardiac myosin heavy chain (β-MHC), expressed in cardiac and slow muscle fibers, cause Laing early-onset distal myopathy (MPD-1), a skeletal muscle myopathy. Most of these mutations are in the coiled-coil tail and commonly involve a mutation to a proline or a single-residue deletion, both of which are predicted to strongly affect the secondary structure of the coiled coil. To test this, we characterized the effects of two MPD-1 causing mutations: A1603P and K1617del in vitro and in cells. Both mutations affected secondary structure, decreasing the helical content of 15 heptad and light meromyosin constructs. Both mutations also severely disrupted the ability of glutathione S-transferase–light meromyosin fusion proteins to form minifilaments in vitro, as demonstrated by negative stain electron microscopy. Mutant eGFP-tagged β-MHC accumulated abnormally into the M-line of sarcomeres in cultured skeletal muscle myotubes. Incorporation of eGFP-tagged β-MHC into sarcomeres in adult rat cardiomyocytes was reduced. Molecular dynamics simulations using a composite structure of part of the coiled coil demonstrated that both mutations affected the structure, with the mutation to proline (A1603P) having a smaller effect compared to K1617del. Taken together, it seems likely that the MPD-1 mutations destabilize the coiled coil, resulting in aberrant myosin packing in thick filaments in muscle sarcomeres, providing a potential mechanism for the disease. It is unclear how mutations in the coiled coil of β-myosin heavy chain cause distal myopathy. A1603P and K1617del mutations reduce helicity and affect filament formation in vitro. eGFP-tagged β-myosin heavy chain abnormally accumulates at the M-line of sarcomeres in skeletal myotubes. Molecular dynamics simulations provide a molecular understanding for these experiments. Effects on structure and packing into the thick filament provide a molecular basis for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francine Parker
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Matthew Batchelor
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Marcin Wolny
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Ruth Hughes
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Peter J Knight
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Michelle Peckham
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
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45
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MYH7 mutation associated with two phenotypes of myopathy. Neurol Sci 2017; 39:333-339. [PMID: 29170849 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-017-3192-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The mutations of MYH7 (slow skeletal/β-cardiac myosin heavy chain) are commonly found in familial hypertrophic/dilated cardiomyopathy, and also can cause Laing early-onset distal myopathy (LDM), myosin storage myopathy (MSM), and congenital myopathy with fiber-type disproportion (CFTD). Here we report two cases whose diagnosis was hereditary myopathy according to clinical feature and muscle pathology analysis. High-throughput genomic sequencing (next generation sequencing) was performed to validate the diagnosis. Two MYH7 mutations, p.R1845W and p.E1687del, were identified. p.R1845W was found in a male patient showing weakness of both terminal lower legs without foot drop. Muscle pathology stainings characteristically showed the hyaline body in the intracytoplasmic location. The novel mutation p.E1687del was found in a family with seven patients. The proband showed foot drop, scoliosis, and winged scapula, while his mother only showed mild foot drop and winged scapula. Muscle pathology analysis showed congenital centronucleus myopathy. Both cases only showed muscular disorder and had no cardiomyopathy. This study, for the first time, reports the MYH7 mutations associated with centronucleus myopathy.
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46
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Liang G, Yang Y, Niu G, Tang Z, Li K. Genome-wide profiling of Sus scrofa circular RNAs across nine organs and three developmental stages. DNA Res 2017; 24:523-535. [PMID: 28575165 PMCID: PMC5737845 DOI: 10.1093/dnares/dsx022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The spatio-temporal expression patterns of Circular RNA (circRNA) across organs and developmental stages are critical for its function and evolution analysis. However, they remain largely unclear in mammals. Here, we comprehensively analysed circRNAs in nine organs and three skeletal muscles of Guizhou miniature pig (S. scrofa), a widely used biomedical model animal. We identified 5,934 circRNAs and analysed their molecular properties, sequence conservation, spatio-temporal expression pattern, potential function, and interaction with miRNAs. S. scrofa circRNAs show modest sequence conservation with human and mouse circRNAs, are flanked by long introns, exhibit low abundance, and are expressed dynamically in a spatio-temporally specific manner. S. scrofa circRNAs show the greatest abundance and complexity in the testis. Notably, 31% of circRNAs harbour well-conserved canonical miRNA seed matches, suggesting that some circRNAs act as miRNAs sponges. We identified 149 circRNAs potentially associated with muscle growth and found that their host genes were significantly involved in muscle development, contraction, chromatin modification, cation homeostasis, and ATP hydrolysis-coupled proton transport; moreover, this set of genes was markedly enriched in genes involved in tight junctions and the calcium signalling pathway. Finally, we constructed the first public S. scrofa circRNA database, allowing researchers to query comprehensive annotation, expression, and regulatory networks of circRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoming Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.,Department of Pig Genomic Design and Breeding, Agricultural Genome Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Phenotype Analysis and Utilization of Agricultural Genome, Agricultural Genome Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China
| | - Yalan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.,Department of Pig Genomic Design and Breeding, Agricultural Genome Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Phenotype Analysis and Utilization of Agricultural Genome, Agricultural Genome Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China
| | - Guanglin Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhonglin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.,Department of Pig Genomic Design and Breeding, Agricultural Genome Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Phenotype Analysis and Utilization of Agricultural Genome, Agricultural Genome Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China
| | - Kui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.,Department of Pig Genomic Design and Breeding, Agricultural Genome Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China
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Bánfai Z, Hadzsiev K, Pál E, Komlósi K, Melegh M, Balikó L, Melegh B. Novel phenotypic variant in the MYH7 spectrum due to a stop-loss mutation in the C-terminal region: a case report. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2017; 18:105. [PMID: 28927399 PMCID: PMC5606036 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-017-0463-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Defects of the slow myosin heavy chain isoform coding MYH7 gene primarily cause skeletal myopathies including Laing Distal Myopathy, Myosin Storage Myopathy and are also responsible for cardiomyopathies. Scapuloperoneal and limb-girdle muscle weakness, congenital fiber type disproportion, multi-minicore disease were also reported in connection of MYH7. Pathogeneses of the defects in the head and proximal rod region of the protein are well described. However, the C-terminal mutations of the MYH7 gene are less known. Moreover, only two articles describe the phenotypic impact of the elongated mature protein product caused by termination signal loss. Case presentation Here we present a male patient with an unusual phenotypic variant of early-onset and predominant involvement of neck muscles with muscle biopsy indicating myopathy and sarcoplasmic storage material. Cardiomyopathic involvements could not be observed. Sequencing of MYH7 gene revealed a stop-loss mutation on the 3-prime end of the rod region, which causes the elongation of the mature protein. Conclusions The elongated protein likely disrupts the functions of the sarcomere by multiple functional abnormalities. This elongation could also affect the thick filament degradation leading to protein deposition and accumulation in the sarcomere, resulting in the severe myopathy of certain axial muscles. The phenotypic expression of the detected novel MYH7 genotype could strengthen and further expand our knowledge about mutations affecting the structure of MyHCI by termination signal loss in the MYH7 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Bánfai
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Pécs, Szigeti út 12, Pécs, H-7624, Hungary.,Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Ifjúság út 20, Pécs, H-7624, Hungary
| | - Kinga Hadzsiev
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Pécs, Szigeti út 12, Pécs, H-7624, Hungary.,Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Ifjúság út 20, Pécs, H-7624, Hungary
| | - Endre Pál
- Neurology Clinic, University of Pécs, Rét u. 2, Pécs, H-7623, Hungary
| | - Katalin Komlósi
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Pécs, Szigeti út 12, Pécs, H-7624, Hungary.,Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Ifjúság út 20, Pécs, H-7624, Hungary
| | - Márton Melegh
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Pécs, Szigeti út 12, Pécs, H-7624, Hungary.,Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Ifjúság út 20, Pécs, H-7624, Hungary
| | - László Balikó
- Department of Neurology, Zala County Hospital, Zrínyi u. 1, Zalaegerszeg, H-8900, Hungary
| | - Béla Melegh
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Pécs, Szigeti út 12, Pécs, H-7624, Hungary. .,Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Ifjúság út 20, Pécs, H-7624, Hungary.
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48
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Design considerations in coiled-coil fusion constructs for the structural determination of a problematic region of the human cardiac myosin rod. J Struct Biol 2017; 200:219-228. [PMID: 28743637 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
X-ray structural determination of segments of the myosin rod has proved difficult because of the strong salt-dependent aggregation properties and repeating pattern of charges on the surface of the coiled-coil that lead to the formation of paracrystals. This problem has been resolved in part through the use of globular assembly domains that improve protein folding and prevent aggregation. The primary consideration now in designing coiled-coil fusion constructs for myosin is deciding where to truncate the coiled-coil and which amino acid residues to include from the folding domain. This is especially important for myosin that contains numerous regions of low predicted coiled-coil propensity. Here we describe the strategy adopted to determine the structure of the region that extends from Arg1677 - Leu1797 that included two areas that do not show a strong sequence signature of a conventional left-handed coiled coil or canonical heptad repeat. This demonstrates again that, with careful choice of fusion constructs, overlapping structures exhibit very similar conformations for the myosin rod fragments in the canonical regions. However, conformational variability is seen around Leu1706 which is a hot spot for cardiomyopathy mutations suggesting that this might be important for function.
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49
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Liu Q, Jiang C, Xu J, Zhao MT, Van Bortle K, Cheng X, Wang G, Chang HY, Wu JC, Snyder MP. Genome-Wide Temporal Profiling of Transcriptome and Open Chromatin of Early Cardiomyocyte Differentiation Derived From hiPSCs and hESCs. Circ Res 2017; 121:376-391. [PMID: 28663367 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.116.310456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Recent advances have improved our ability to generate cardiomyocytes from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) and human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). However, our understanding of the transcriptional regulatory networks underlying early stages (ie, from mesoderm to cardiac mesoderm) of cardiomyocyte differentiation remains limited. OBJECTIVE To characterize transcriptome and chromatin accessibility during early cardiomyocyte differentiation from hiPSCs and hESCs. METHODS AND RESULTS We profiled the temporal changes in transcriptome and chromatin accessibility at genome-wide levels during cardiomyocyte differentiation derived from 2 hiPSC lines and 2 hESC lines at 4 stages: pluripotent stem cells, mesoderm, cardiac mesoderm, and differentiated cardiomyocytes. Overall, RNA sequencing analysis revealed that transcriptomes during early cardiomyocyte differentiation were highly concordant between hiPSCs and hESCs, and clustering of 4 cell lines within each time point demonstrated that changes in genome-wide chromatin accessibility were similar across hiPSC and hESC cell lines. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified several modules that were strongly correlated with different stages of cardiomyocyte differentiation. Several novel genes were identified with high weighted connectivity within modules and exhibited coexpression patterns with other genes, including noncoding RNA LINC01124 and uncharacterized RNA AK127400 in the module related to the mesoderm stage; E-box-binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) in the module correlated with postcardiac mesoderm. We further demonstrated that ZEB1 is required for early cardiomyocyte differentiation. In addition, based on integrative analysis of both WGCNA and transcription factor motif enrichment analysis, we determined numerous transcription factors likely to play important roles at different stages during cardiomyocyte differentiation, such as T and eomesodermin (EOMES; mesoderm), lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 (LEF1) and mesoderm posterior BHLH transcription factor 1 (MESP1; from mesoderm to cardiac mesoderm), meis homeobox 1 (MEIS1) and GATA-binding protein 4 (GATA4) (postcardiac mesoderm), JUN and FOS families, and MEIS2 (cardiomyocyte). CONCLUSIONS Both hiPSCs and hESCs share similar transcriptional regulatory mechanisms underlying early cardiac differentiation, and our results have revealed transcriptional regulatory networks and new factors (eg, ZEB1) controlling early stages of cardiomyocyte differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- From the Department of Genetics (Q.L., C.J., K.V.B., M.P.S.), Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes (J.X., H.Y.C.), Stanford Cardiovascular Institute (M.T.Z., J.C.W.), and Stem Cell Core Facility, Department of Genetics (X.C., G.W.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Chao Jiang
- From the Department of Genetics (Q.L., C.J., K.V.B., M.P.S.), Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes (J.X., H.Y.C.), Stanford Cardiovascular Institute (M.T.Z., J.C.W.), and Stem Cell Core Facility, Department of Genetics (X.C., G.W.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Jin Xu
- From the Department of Genetics (Q.L., C.J., K.V.B., M.P.S.), Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes (J.X., H.Y.C.), Stanford Cardiovascular Institute (M.T.Z., J.C.W.), and Stem Cell Core Facility, Department of Genetics (X.C., G.W.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Ming-Tao Zhao
- From the Department of Genetics (Q.L., C.J., K.V.B., M.P.S.), Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes (J.X., H.Y.C.), Stanford Cardiovascular Institute (M.T.Z., J.C.W.), and Stem Cell Core Facility, Department of Genetics (X.C., G.W.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Kevin Van Bortle
- From the Department of Genetics (Q.L., C.J., K.V.B., M.P.S.), Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes (J.X., H.Y.C.), Stanford Cardiovascular Institute (M.T.Z., J.C.W.), and Stem Cell Core Facility, Department of Genetics (X.C., G.W.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Xun Cheng
- From the Department of Genetics (Q.L., C.J., K.V.B., M.P.S.), Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes (J.X., H.Y.C.), Stanford Cardiovascular Institute (M.T.Z., J.C.W.), and Stem Cell Core Facility, Department of Genetics (X.C., G.W.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Guangwen Wang
- From the Department of Genetics (Q.L., C.J., K.V.B., M.P.S.), Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes (J.X., H.Y.C.), Stanford Cardiovascular Institute (M.T.Z., J.C.W.), and Stem Cell Core Facility, Department of Genetics (X.C., G.W.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Howard Y Chang
- From the Department of Genetics (Q.L., C.J., K.V.B., M.P.S.), Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes (J.X., H.Y.C.), Stanford Cardiovascular Institute (M.T.Z., J.C.W.), and Stem Cell Core Facility, Department of Genetics (X.C., G.W.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Joseph C Wu
- From the Department of Genetics (Q.L., C.J., K.V.B., M.P.S.), Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes (J.X., H.Y.C.), Stanford Cardiovascular Institute (M.T.Z., J.C.W.), and Stem Cell Core Facility, Department of Genetics (X.C., G.W.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Michael P Snyder
- From the Department of Genetics (Q.L., C.J., K.V.B., M.P.S.), Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes (J.X., H.Y.C.), Stanford Cardiovascular Institute (M.T.Z., J.C.W.), and Stem Cell Core Facility, Department of Genetics (X.C., G.W.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA.
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50
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Abstract
Cardiac and skeletal striated muscles are intricately designed machines responsible for muscle contraction. Coordination of the basic contractile unit, the sarcomere, and the complex cytoskeletal networks are critical for contractile activity. The sarcomere is comprised of precisely organized individual filament systems that include thin (actin), thick (myosin), titin, and nebulin. Connecting the sarcomere to other organelles (e.g., mitochondria and nucleus) and serving as the scaffold to maintain cellular integrity are the intermediate filaments. The costamere, on the other hand, tethers the sarcomere to the cell membrane. Unique structures like the intercalated disc in cardiac muscle and the myotendinous junction in skeletal muscle help synchronize and transmit force. Intense investigation has been done on many of the proteins that make up these cytoskeletal assemblies. Yet the details of their function and how they interconnect have just started to be elucidated. A vast number of human myopathies are contributed to mutations in muscle proteins; thus understanding their basic function provides a mechanistic understanding of muscle disorders. In this review, we highlight the components of striated muscle with respect to their interactions, signaling pathways, functions, and connections to disease. © 2017 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 7:891-944, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine A Henderson
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.,Sarver Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Christopher G Gomez
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.,Sarver Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Stefanie M Novak
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.,Sarver Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Lei Mi-Mi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.,Sarver Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Carol C Gregorio
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.,Sarver Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
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