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López-Gatell H, García-García L, Echániz-Avilés G, Cruz-Hervert P, Olamendi-Portugal M, Castañeda-Desales D, Sanchez-Alemán MÁ, Romero-Martínez M, DeAntonio R, Cervantes-Apolinar MY, Cortes-Alcalá R, Alpuche-Aranda C. Hepatitis A seroprevalence in adolescents and young adults in Mexico: A 2012 National Health and Nutrition Survey analysis. Vaccine 2018; 36:8094-8099. [PMID: 30337174 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
To describe hepatitis A virus (HAV) seroprevalence and associated factors in adolescents (10-19 years) and young adults (20-25 years) in different Mexican regions, using 2012 National Health and Nutrition Survey data. A random selection of 1581 serum samples was analyzed. Weighted HAV seroprevalence with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) and its association with sociodemographic factors were estimated. Mean weighted HAV seroprevalence was 69.3% (95%CI: 64.8-73.4) overall, with 58.8% (95%CI: 53.4-64.1) in adolescents and 83.0% (95%CI: 75.3-88.7) in young adults. By age of 10, 46.7% (95%CI: 33.9-60.0) were seropositive and by age of 15, 52.8% (95%CI: 36.5-68.5), corresponding to intermediate endemicity nationally. Factors associated with HAV seropositivity (adjusted odds ratio, aOR) included: lower socioeconomic status (SES) (aOR = 4.09 for low and aOR = 2.31 for medium versus high SES), older age (aOR = 0.29 for adolescents versus young adults), living in the South (aOR = 2.12 versus Central Mexico) or in rural areas (aOR = 2.25 versus urban areas). Regional differences and increased seroprevalence of HAV in marginalized populations present an important public health issue, as a relatively large proportion of young adults are susceptible to infection. The burden of symptomatic disease must be addressed further to support specific programs of continued sanitation and education improvement, and the possibility of vaccination in more susceptible regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo López-Gatell
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad # 655, Col. Sta. María Ahuacatitlán, C.P. 62100 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Lourdes García-García
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad # 655, Col. Sta. María Ahuacatitlán, C.P. 62100 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Echániz-Avilés
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad # 655, Col. Sta. María Ahuacatitlán, C.P. 62100 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Pablo Cruz-Hervert
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad # 655, Col. Sta. María Ahuacatitlán, C.P. 62100 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - María Olamendi-Portugal
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad # 655, Col. Sta. María Ahuacatitlán, C.P. 62100 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Deyanira Castañeda-Desales
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad # 655, Col. Sta. María Ahuacatitlán, C.P. 62100 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Miguel Ángel Sanchez-Alemán
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad # 655, Col. Sta. María Ahuacatitlán, C.P. 62100 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Martín Romero-Martínez
- Centro de Investigación sobre Evaluación y Encuestas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad # 655, Col. Sta. María Ahuacatitlán, C.P. 62100 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Rodrigo DeAntonio
- GSK, Urbanización Industrial Juan Díaz Entre Calles A y B, Apartado Postal 6-1697, Panama City, Panama; Cevaxin - Centro de Vacunación Internacional, Pan-American Hwy, Panama City, Panama
| | - Maria Yolanda Cervantes-Apolinar
- GSK, Urbanización Industrial Juan Díaz Entre Calles A y B, Apartado Postal 6-1697, Panama City, Panama; GSK, Calz México-Xochimilco 4900, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Mexico City 14370, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Cortes-Alcalá
- GSK, Calz México-Xochimilco 4900, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Mexico City 14370, Mexico
| | - Celia Alpuche-Aranda
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad # 655, Col. Sta. María Ahuacatitlán, C.P. 62100 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
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2
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Nelson KE. The changing epidemiology of hepatitis A virus infections in the United States. J Infect Dis 2015; 212:171-2. [PMID: 25637351 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiu835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kenrad E Nelson
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
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3
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Kwon SY, Park SH, Yeon JE, Jeong SH, Kwon OS, Lee JW, Kim HS, Seo YS, Kim YS, Sohn JH, Yim HJ, Choi JY, Lee MS, Kweon YO, Cheong JY, Kim HC, Lee HJ, Baik SK, An H, Byun KS. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of acute hepatitis a in Korea: a nationwide multicenter study. J Korean Med Sci 2014; 29:248-53. [PMID: 24550653 PMCID: PMC3924005 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2014.29.2.248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 11/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics of acute hepatitis A during a recent outbreak in Korea. Data of patients diagnosed with acute hepatitis A from 2007 to 2009 were collected from 21 tertiary hospitals retrospectively. Their demographic, clinical, and serological characteristics and their clinical outcomes were analyzed. A total of 4,218 patients (mean age 33.3 yr) were included. The median duration of admission was 9 days. The mean of the highest ALT level was 2,963 IU/L, total bilirubin was 7.3 mg/dL, prothrombin time INR was 1.3. HBsAg was positive in 3.7%, and anti-HCV positive in 0.7%. Renal insufficiency occurred in 2.7%, hepatic failure in 0.9%, relapsing hepatitis in 0.7%, and cholestatic hepatitis in 1.9% of the patients. Nineteen patients (0.45%) died or were transplanted. Complications of renal failure or prolonged cholestasis were more frequent in patients older than 30 yr. In conclusion, most patients with acute hepatitis A recover uneventfully, however, complication rates are higher in patients older than 30 yr than younger patients. Preventive strategies including universal vaccination in infants and active immunization of hepatitis A to adult population should be considered for prevention of community-wide outbreaks of hepatitis A in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Young Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym Univesity College of Medicine, Hallym Univesity Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Eun Yeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sook Hyang Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Oh Sang Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Graduate School of Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jin Woo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - Hong Soo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Yeon Seok Seo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Seok Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Joo Hyun Sohn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Korea
| | - Hyung Joon Yim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
| | - Jong Young Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea School of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea St. Mary's Hosptial, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung Seok Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym Univesity College of Medicine, Hallym Univesity Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Oh Kweon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University College of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jae Youn Cheong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University Hospital, Suwon, Korea
| | - Haak Cheoul Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan, Korea
| | - Heon Ju Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
| | - Soon Koo Baik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju Christian Hospital, Wonju, Korea
| | - Hyonggin An
- Department of Biostatistics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwan Soo Byun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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4
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Lee J, Song H, Lee JM, Cho J. Seroprevalence of hepatitis A and B viruses in medical school students planning for medical clerkships. Am J Infect Control 2014; 42:89-90. [PMID: 24183533 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2013.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaehoon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, Iksan, Korea.
| | - Hyoyeop Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, Iksan, Korea
| | - Jeong-Mi Lee
- Department of Public Health, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, Iksan, Korea
| | - Jihyun Cho
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, Iksan, Korea
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5
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Heywood AE, Newall AT, Gao Z, Wood JG, Breschkin A, Nicholson S, Gidding HF, Dwyer DE, Gilbert GL, Macintyre CR. Changes in seroprevalence to hepatitis A in Victoria, Australia: a comparison of three time points. Vaccine 2012; 30:6020-6. [PMID: 22867722 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.07.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2012] [Revised: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Serological data provide an important measure of past exposure and immunity to hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection in a population. National serosurveys from developed countries have typically indicated a decline in HAV seroprevalence over time as sanitation levels improve. We examined trends in the seroepidemiology of HAV antibodies in Victoria, Australia, drawing on cross-sectional samples taken at three time points over a 20-year period. Stored sera from 1988 (n=753), 1998 (n=1091), and 2008 (n=791) from persons aged 1-69 years were obtained from the state of Victoria, Australia. The within-year population adjusted results show a significant trend of increasing population HAV seroprevalence over time from 34.3% (95% CI 31.7-36.9) in 1988, to 40.0% (95% CI 37.1-42.8) in 1998 and 55.1% (95% CI 52.1-58.1) in 2008, P<0.0001. A particularly noticeable rise in population seroprevalence was observed between 1998 and 2008 for those aged 5-39 years. The increase in HAV seropositivity over time is in contrast to the declining rates of disease notification in Australia. Based on comparisons with other Australian data, it appears the increase in population seroprevalence over the last two decades is unlikely to be due to endemic transmission of infection. Instead, other factors, including increases in travel to HAV endemic regions, migration to Australia from HAV endemic regions and vaccine uptake are more likely causes. Ongoing monitoring of serological HAV profiles in the population is required to determine future policy direction to prevent increased burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Heywood
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of New South Wales, Australia.
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6
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Kim S, Lee JH, Hwang JH, Lee CS. Hepatitis A antibody seroprevalence among medical school students. Am J Infect Control 2011; 39:889-90. [PMID: 21696859 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2011.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2010] [Revised: 03/02/2011] [Accepted: 03/02/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A total of 324 first- to third-year medical school students were examined for anti-hepatitis A virus IgG. Of these 324 students, 37 were found to be anti-hepatitis A virus IgG positive (11.4%). Mass screening of medical students for seropositivity and vaccination of nonimmune students should be considered before starting medical clerkships.
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7
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Lee H, Cho HK, Kim JH, Kim KH. Seroepidemiology of hepatitis A in Korea: changes over the past 30 years. J Korean Med Sci 2011; 26:791-6. [PMID: 21655066 PMCID: PMC3102874 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2011.26.6.791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2011] [Accepted: 03/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the immune status of the Korean population against hepatitis A virus (HAV). Residual serum samples from 2008 to 2010 were collected from diagnostic laboratories and a total of 1,872 samples were analyzed. Anti-HAV seroprevalence was 57.3% in subjects aged 1-4 yr, 69.8% at 5-9 yr and decreased to 38.8% at 10-14 yr, 13.0% at 15-19 yr, and 11.7% at 20-29 yr. Seroprevalence increased with increasing age: 52.2% at 30-39 yr, 83.2% at 40-49 yr, 81.4% at 50-59 yr, 93.2% at 60-69 yr, and 95.1% at 70-79 yr. The most susceptible age group consisted of subjects aged 10-29 yr, especially those aged 20-29 yr. This pattern is markedly different from that in the past 3 decades, where the most susceptible group had consisted of children aged less than 10 yr and almost all subjects aged more than 20 yr had developed anti-HAV antibodies. Because of improvements in hygiene and introduction of hepatitis A vaccine, the age demographic of the susceptible population has shifted. These data are important for creating new prevention measures, including vaccination policies, to prevent and control outbreaks of hepatitis A in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunju Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Kyung Cho
- Department of Pediatrics, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-Hyo Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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8
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Yoon YK, Sim HS, Kim JY, Park DW, Sohn JW, Chun BC, Kim MJ. Clinical Characterization of Hepatitis A Infection Complicated with Acute Kidney Injury and Sequence Analysis of the VP1 Region. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.5145/kjcm.2010.13.1.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Young Kyung Yoon
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Sun Sim
- Institute of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Yeon Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae Won Park
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Korea
| | - Jang Wook Sohn
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Korea
| | - Byung Chul Chun
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Ja Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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9
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Epidemiological and genetic analysis of a sustained community-wide outbreak of hepatitis A in the Republic of Korea, 2008: A hospital-based case–control study. J Clin Virol 2009; 46:184-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2009.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2009] [Revised: 07/01/2009] [Accepted: 07/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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10
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Bouskraoui M, Bourrous M, Amine M. Prévalence des anticorps de l’hépatite A chez l’enfant dans la région de Marrakech. Arch Pediatr 2009; 16 Suppl 2:S132-6. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(09)75317-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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11
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Bouskraoui M, Bourrous M, Amine M. Enquête sur la prévalence des anticorps de l’hépatite A chez l’enfant dans la région de Marrakech. Arch Pediatr 2009; 16:847-9. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(09)74176-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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12
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Molecular characterization of hepatitis A virus isolated from acute gastroenteritis patients in the Seoul region of Korea. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2009; 28:1177-82. [PMID: 19466614 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-009-0760-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2009] [Accepted: 05/13/2009] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is a major public health problem throughout the world. As a result of declining HAV endemic in Korea, an increasing number of children and adolescents have become susceptible to HAV infection. HAV is related with sanitation conditions of the environment and is transmitted via the fecal-oral route, either through person-to-person contact or by contaminated water and food. The present study has been carried out to determine the phylogenetic analysis and circulating patterns of HAV strains detected from hospitalized patients with acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in the Seoul region of Korea. In total, 2,782 stool specimens from hospitalized patients with AGE collected in October 2006 to September 2007 in Seoul were tested for HAV. A pair comparison of the nucleic acid sequence of a 159-bp base region at the putative VP1/2A junction of 85 Seoul isolates revealed that the most common HAV strain circulating in the region during 2006-2007 was subgenotype IA. HAV phylogenetic studies can provide important information on the genetic characteristics of HAV from AGE patients who may subsequently become the source of infection in Korea.
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13
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Jung SI, Lee CS, Park KH, Kim ES, Kim YJ, Kim GS, Lim DS, Moon JE, Min JJ, Bom HS, Jung MH, Chang YJ, Chae SL, Lee JH. Sero-epidemiology of hepatitis A virus infection among healthcare workers in Korean hospitals. J Hosp Infect 2009; 72:251-7. [PMID: 19446368 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2009.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2009] [Accepted: 03/18/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis A virus (HAV) has been increasingly reported in Korea as has an outbreak in Korean healthcare workers (HCWs). This 2008 study evaluated the sero-epidemiology of HAV infections among 3696 HCWs in four Korean hospitals. HCWs were tested for immunoglobulin G anti-HAV antibodies using commercially available kits. Data including demographic characteristics, occupation, workplace and serological status for other hepatitis viruses were collected. Statistical analyses were conducted to identify variables related to HAV seropositivity. Among the 3696 participants, 2742 (74%) were women and the majority (96%) were aged 20-39 years (median: 28; range: 19-68). Eighteen percent were physicians, 46% nurses, 10% nurses' aides, 11% paramedical technicians and 15% administrative staff. Seropositivity for HAV significantly increased with age (P<0.001): 1.8% for < or =24 years, 14.7% for 25-29 years, 41.8% for 30-34 years, 75.5% for 35-39 years, and 93.7% for > or =40 years. Among those aged 20-39 years, age-specific HAV seroprevalence was significantly lower in physicians than in the other occupational groups (P<0.001). In Korea, mass vaccination to HCWs aged < or =29 years or screening for seropositivity and vaccinating non-immune subjects aged 30-39 years should be considered, especially in physicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-I Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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14
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Kwon SY. Current status of liver diseases in Korea: Hepatitis A. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY 2009; 15 Suppl 6:S7-12. [DOI: 10.3350/kjhep.2009.15.s6.s7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- So Young Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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15
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Yoo SJ, Seo DD, Choi WC, Kwon OJ, Park JC, Shin BM. Co-circulation of Two Genotypes of Hepatitis A Virus from Sporadic Cases in Northeastern Area of Seoul, Korea. Ann Lab Med 2008; 28:371-7. [DOI: 10.3343/kjlm.2008.28.5.371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Soo Jin Yoo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Dae Seo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won-Choong Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Jae-Chan Park
- BioCore Institute of Biotechnology, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Korea
| | - Bo-Moon Shin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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16
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Youn HS. Current status of hepatitis A virus infections in Korea. KOREAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2008. [DOI: 10.3345/kjp.2008.51.7.690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Shang Youn
- Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongnam, Korea
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17
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Park J, Lee J, Jeong S, Lee S, Lee M, Choi H. Molecular characterization of an acute hepatitis A outbreak among healthcare workers at a Korean hospital. J Hosp Infect 2007; 67:175-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2007.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2007] [Accepted: 07/27/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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18
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Nelson KE. Global Changes in the Epidemiology of Hepatitis A Virus Infections. Clin Infect Dis 2006; 42:1151-2. [PMID: 16575735 DOI: 10.1086/501014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2005] [Accepted: 12/16/2005] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kenrad E Nelson
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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