1
|
Yusupov V, Chudnovskii V. The origin of loud claps during endovenous laser treatments. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2023; 153:1525. [PMID: 37002106 DOI: 10.1121/10.0017436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Optoacoustic and ultrasound methods have shown that the loud "claps" perceived by patients and medical staff during endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) are caused by volumetric blood boiling when large vapor-gas bubbles appear and collapse under the action of laser radiation, which is well absorbed in water. Acoustic effects when using lasers in the near infrared range (1.94, 1.47, and 0.97 μm) were studied in an experiment with non-deaerated water, as well as in EVLA. The nature of these acoustic signals was investigated using high-speed video recording. It turned out that the amplitude of the emerging acoustic pulses in the case of surface boiling, which prevails when using lasers with a wavelength of 0.97 μm, is two orders of magnitude smaller than in the case of volumetric boiling (1.94 and 1.47 μm). The reasons for the decrease in sound effects in this case are associated with numerous microbubbles at the tip of the laser fiber. The results obtained may be useful for further understanding of the mechanisms of EVLA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Yusupov
- Institute of Photon Technologies, FSRC "Crystallography and Photonics," Russian Academy of Sciences, Pionerskaya Street, 2, 108840 Moscow, Troitsk, Russia
| | - Vladimir Chudnovskii
- V.I. Il'ichev Pacific Oceanological Institute Far Eastern Branch Russian Academy of Sciences (POI FEB RAS), 43 Baltiyskaya Street, Vladivostok 690041, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tu J, Yu ACH. Ultrasound-Mediated Drug Delivery: Sonoporation Mechanisms, Biophysics, and Critical Factors. BME FRONTIERS 2022; 2022:9807347. [PMID: 37850169 PMCID: PMC10521752 DOI: 10.34133/2022/9807347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Sonoporation, or the use of ultrasound in the presence of cavitation nuclei to induce plasma membrane perforation, is well considered as an emerging physical approach to facilitate the delivery of drugs and genes to living cells. Nevertheless, this emerging drug delivery paradigm has not yet reached widespread clinical use, because the efficiency of sonoporation is often deemed to be mediocre due to the lack of detailed understanding of the pertinent scientific mechanisms. Here, we summarize the current observational evidence available on the notion of sonoporation, and we discuss the prevailing understanding of the physical and biological processes related to sonoporation. To facilitate systematic understanding, we also present how the extent of sonoporation is dependent on a multitude of factors related to acoustic excitation parameters (ultrasound frequency, pressure, cavitation dose, exposure time), microbubble parameters (size, concentration, bubble-to-cell distance, shell composition), and cellular properties (cell type, cell cycle, biochemical contents). By adopting a science-backed approach to the realization of sonoporation, ultrasound-mediated drug delivery can be more controllably achieved to viably enhance drug uptake into living cells with high sonoporation efficiency. This drug delivery approach, when coupled with concurrent advances in ultrasound imaging, has potential to become an effective therapeutic paradigm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Tu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics (MOE), Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructure, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Alfred C. H. Yu
- Schlegel Research Institute for Aging, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rong N, Zhang M, Wang Y, Wu H, Qi H, Fu X, Li D, Yang C, Wang Y, Fan Z. Effects of extracellular matrix rigidity on sonoporation facilitated by targeted microbubbles: Bubble attachment, bubble dynamics, and cell membrane permeabilization. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2020; 67:105125. [PMID: 32298974 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effects of extracellular matrix rigidity, an important physical property of microenvironments regulating cell morphology and functions, on sonoporation facilitated by targeted microbubbles, highlighting the role of microbubbles. We conducted mechanistic studies at the cellular level on physiologically relevant soft and rigid substrates. By developing a unique imaging strategy, we first resolved details of the 3D attachment configurations between targeted microbubbles and cell membrane. High-speed video microscopy then unveiled bubble dynamics driven by a single ultrasound pulse. Finally, we evaluated the cell membrane permeabilization using a small molecule model drug. Our results demonstrate that: (1) stronger targeted microbubble attachment was formed for cells cultured on the rigid substrate, while six different attachment configurations were revealed in total; (2) more violent bubble oscillation was observed for cells cultured on the rigid substrate, while one third of bubbles attached to cells on the soft substrate exhibited deformation shortly after ultrasound was turned off; (3) higher acoustic pressure was needed to permeabilize the cell membrane for cells on the soft substrate, while under the same ultrasound condition, acoustically-activated microbubbles generated larger pores as compared to cells cultured on the soft substrate. The current findings provide new insights to understand the underlying mechanisms of sonoporation in a physiologically relevant context and may be useful for the clinical translation of sonoporation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Rong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Precision Instruments and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Meiru Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Precision Instruments and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yulin Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Precision Instruments and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Hao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Hui Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xing Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Dachao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chunmei Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Precision Instruments and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Precision Instruments and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhenzhen Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Precision Instruments and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; State Key Laboratory of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Aliabouzar M, Davidson CD, Wang WY, Kripfgans OD, Franceschi RT, Putnam AJ, Fowlkes JB, Baker BM, Fabiilli ML. Spatiotemporal control of micromechanics and microstructure in acoustically-responsive scaffolds using acoustic droplet vaporization. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:6501-6513. [PMID: 32597450 PMCID: PMC7377967 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00753f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Acoustically-responsive scaffolds (ARSs), which are composite fibrin hydrogels, have been used to deliver regenerative molecules. ARSs respond to ultrasound in an on-demand, spatiotemporally-controlled manner via a mechanism termed acoustic droplet vaporization (ADV). Here, we study the ADV-induced, time-dependent micromechanical and microstructural changes to the fibrin matrix in ARSs using confocal fluorescence microscopy as well as atomic force microscopy. ARSs, containing phase-shift double emulsion (PSDE, mean diameter: 6.3 μm), were exposed to focused ultrasound to generate ADV - the phase transitioning of the PSDE into gas bubbles. As a result of ADV-induced mechanical strain, localized restructuring of fibrin occurred at the bubble-fibrin interface, leading to formation of locally denser regions. ADV-generated bubbles significantly reduced fibrin pore size and quantity within the ARS. Two types of ADV-generated bubble responses were observed in ARSs: super-shelled spherical bubbles, with a growth rate of 31 μm per day in diameter, as well as fluid-filled macropores, possibly as a result of acoustically-driven microjetting. Due to the strain stiffening behavior of fibrin, ADV induced a 4-fold increase in stiffness in regions of the ARS proximal to the ADV-generated bubble versus distal regions. These results highlight that the mechanical and structural microenvironment within an ARS can be spatiotemporally modulated using ultrasound, which could be used to control cellular processes and further the understanding of ADV-triggered drug delivery for regenerative applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Aliabouzar
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | | | - William Y Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Oliver D Kripfgans
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA and Applied Physics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Renny T Franceschi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA and School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Andrew J Putnam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - J Brian Fowlkes
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA and Applied Physics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Brendon M Baker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mario L Fabiilli
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA and Applied Physics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pishchalnikov YA, Behnke-Parks WM, Schmidmayer K, Maeda K, Colonius T, Kenny TW, Laser DJ. High-speed video microscopy and numerical modeling of bubble dynamics near a surface of urinary stone. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2019; 146:516. [PMID: 31370610 PMCID: PMC6660306 DOI: 10.1121/1.5116693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Ultra-high-speed video microscopy and numerical modeling were used to assess the dynamics of microbubbles at the surface of urinary stones. Lipid-shell microbubbles designed to accumulate on stone surfaces were driven by bursts of ultrasound in the sub-MHz range with pressure amplitudes on the order of 1 MPa. Microbubbles were observed to undergo repeated cycles of expansion and violent collapse. At maximum expansion, the microbubbles' cross-section resembled an ellipse truncated by the stone. Approximating the bubble shape as an oblate spheroid, this study modeled the collapse by solving the multicomponent Euler equations with a two-dimensional-axisymmetric code with adaptive mesh refinement for fine resolution of the gas-liquid interface. Modeled bubble collapse and high-speed video microscopy showed a distinctive circumferential pinching during the collapse. In the numerical model, this pinching was associated with bidirectional microjetting normal to the rigid surface and toroidal collapse of the bubble. Modeled pressure spikes had amplitudes two-to-three orders of magnitude greater than that of the driving wave. Micro-computed tomography was used to study surface erosion and formation of microcracks from the action of microbubbles. This study suggests that engineered microbubbles enable stone-treatment modalities with driving pressures significantly lower than those required without the microbubbles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuri A Pishchalnikov
- Applaud Medical, Incorporated, 953 Indiana Street, San Francisco, California 94107, USA
| | | | - Kevin Schmidmayer
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Kazuki Maeda
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Tim Colonius
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Thomas W Kenny
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Daniel J Laser
- Applaud Medical, Incorporated, 953 Indiana Street, San Francisco, California 94107, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Vyas N, Manmi K, Wang Q, Jadhav AJ, Barigou M, Sammons RL, Kuehne SA, Walmsley AD. Which Parameters Affect Biofilm Removal with Acoustic Cavitation? A Review. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2019; 45:1044-1055. [PMID: 30792088 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial biofilms are a cause of contamination in a wide range of medical and biological areas. Ultrasound is a mechanical energy that can remove these biofilms using cavitation and acoustic streaming, which generate shear forces to disrupt biofilm from a surface. The aim of this narrative review is to investigate the literature on the mechanical removal of biofilm using acoustic cavitation to identify the different operating parameters affecting its removal using this method. The properties of the liquid and the properties of the ultrasound have a large impact on the type of cavitation generated. These include gas content, temperature, surface tension, frequency of ultrasound and acoustic pressure. For many of these parameters, more research is required to understand their mechanisms in the area of ultrasonic biofilm removal, and further research will help to optimise this method for effective removal of biofilms from different surfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Vyas
- School of Dentistry, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Kawa Manmi
- School of Mathematics, College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Qianxi Wang
- School of Mathematics, College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ananda J Jadhav
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Mostafa Barigou
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel L Sammons
- School of Dentistry, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah A Kuehne
- School of Dentistry, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - A Damien Walmsley
- School of Dentistry, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
An Y, Ji C, Li Y, Wang J, Zhang X, Huang Y. In vivo measurements of human neck skin elasticity using MRI and finite element modeling. Med Phys 2017; 44:1402-1407. [PMID: 28195345 DOI: 10.1002/mp.12154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The assessment of mechanical properties of the human skin is very important in investigating the mechanism of obstructive sleep apnea, a common disorder characterized by repetitive collapse and obstruction of the upper airway during sleep. In this study, a unique method, combining magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and finite element modeling (FEM), was developed to obtain the value of the in vivo elastic modulus of the neck skin. MEHTHOD A total of 22 subjects, 16 males and six females, were recruited to participate in the MRI studies. The changes in the airway and the neck size resulting from fluid shift from the lower body to the neck were measured based on the MR images. A two-dimensional plane strain FE model was built to simulate such changes in the neck cross-section for each subject. RESULTS Solving an inverse problem using FEM by matching the measured data, we obtained the in vivo elastic modulus of the neck skin to be 1.78 ± 1.73 MPa. Results showed that the elastic modulus tended to increase with age and body mass index for these subjects. A sensitivity analysis of the muscle and fat mechanical parameters was also performed to test their effects on the predicted skin elasticity. CONCLUSION The unique method developed in this study for measuring the in vivo elastic modulus of the neck skin is quite effective, and the skin elasticity value obtained using this method is credible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunqiang An
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Fundamental Research on Biomechanics in Clinical Application, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Changjin Ji
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Fundamental Research on Biomechanics in Clinical Application, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yong Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Fundamental Research on Biomechanics in Clinical Application, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Jianxia Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Fundamental Research on Biomechanics in Clinical Application, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Fundamental Research on Biomechanics in Clinical Application, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yaqi Huang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Fundamental Research on Biomechanics in Clinical Application, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ohl SW, Klaseboer E, Szeri AJ, Khoo BC. Lithotripter shock wave interaction with a bubble near various biomaterials. Phys Med Biol 2016; 61:7031-7053. [PMID: 27649337 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/61/19/7031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Following previous work on the dynamics of an oscillating bubble near a bio-material (Ohl et al 2009 Phys. Med. Biol. 54 6313-36) and the interaction of a bubble with a shockwave (Klaseboer et al 2007 J. Fluid Mech. 593 33-56), the present work concerns the interaction of a gas bubble with a traveling shock wave (such as from a lithotripter) in the vicinity of bio-materials such as fat, skin, muscle, cornea, cartilage, and bone. The bubble is situated in water (to represent a water-like biofluid). The bubble collapses are not spherically symmetric, but tend to feature a high speed jet. A few simulations are performed and compared with available experimental observations from Sankin and Zhong (2006 Phys. Rev. E 74 046304). The collapses of cavitation bubbles (created by laser in the experiment) near an elastic membrane when hit by a lithotripter shock wave are correctly captured by the simulation. This is followed by a more systematic study of the effects involved concerning shockwave bubble biomaterial interactions. If a subsequent rarefaction wave hits the collapsed bubble, it will re-expand to a very large size straining the bio-materials nearby before collapsing once again. It is noted that, for hard bio-material like bone, reflection of the shock wave at the bone-water interface can affect the bubble dynamics. Also the initial size of the bubble has a significant effect. Large bubbles (∼1 mm) will split into smaller bubbles, while small bubbles collapse with a high speed jet in the travel direction of the shock wave. The numerical model offers a computationally efficient way of understanding the complex phenomena involving the interplay of a bubble, a shock wave, and a nearby bio-material.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S W Ohl
- Institute of High Performance Computing, 1 Fusionopolis Way #16-16 Connexis, 138632, Singapore
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tinguely M, Hennessy MG, Pommella A, Matar OK, Garbin V. Surface waves on a soft viscoelastic layer produced by an oscillating microbubble. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:4247-56. [PMID: 27071851 PMCID: PMC5038340 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm03084f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound-driven bubbles can cause significant deformation of soft viscoelastic layers, for instance in surface cleaning and biomedical applications. The effect of the viscoelastic properties of a boundary on the bubble-boundary interaction has been explored only qualitatively, and remains poorly understood. We investigate the dynamic deformation of a viscoelastic layer induced by the volumetric oscillations of an ultrasound-driven microbubble. High-speed video microscopy is used to observe the deformation produced by a bubble oscillating at 17-20 kHz in contact with the surface of a hydrogel. The localised oscillating pressure applied by the bubble generates surface elastic (Rayleigh) waves on the gel, characterised by elliptical particle trajectories. The tilt angle of the elliptical trajectories varies with increasing distance from the bubble. Unexpectedly, the direction of rotation of the surface elements on the elliptical trajectories shifts from prograde to retrograde at a distance from the bubble that depends on the viscoelastic properties of the gel. To explain these behaviours, we develop a simple three-dimensional model for the deformation of a viscoelastic solid by a localised oscillating force. By using as input for the model the values of the shear modulus obtained from the propagation velocity of the Rayleigh waves, we find good qualitative agreement with the experimental observations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Tinguely
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , UK .
| | - Matthew G. Hennessy
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , UK .
| | - Angelo Pommella
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , UK .
| | - Omar K. Matar
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , UK .
| | - Valeria Garbin
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , UK .
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Leow RS, Wan JMF, Yu ACH. Membrane blebbing as a recovery manoeuvre in site-specific sonoporation mediated by targeted microbubbles. J R Soc Interface 2015; 12:rsif.2015.0029. [PMID: 25694544 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2015.0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Site-specific perforation of the plasma membrane can be achieved through ultrasound-triggered cavitation of a single microbubble positioned adjacent to the cell. However, for this perforation approach (sonoporation), the recovery manoeuvres invoked by the cell are unknown. Here, we report new findings on how membrane blebbing can be a recovery manoeuvre that may take place in sonoporation episodes whose pores are of micrometres in diameter. Each sonoporation site was created using a protocol involving single-shot ultrasound exposure (frequency: 1 MHz; pulse length: 30 cycles; peak negative pressure: 0.45 MPa) which triggered inertial cavitation of a single targeted microbubble (diameter: 1-5 µm). Over this process, live confocal microscopy was conducted in situ to monitor membrane dynamics, model drug uptake kinetics and cytoplasmic calcium ion (Ca(2+)) distribution. Results show that blebbing would occur at a recovering sonoporation site after its resealing, and it may emerge elsewhere along the membrane periphery. The bleb size was correlated with the pre-exposure microbubble diameter, and 99% of blebbing cases at sonoporation sites were inflicted by microbubbles larger than 1.5 µm diameter (analysed over 124 sonoporation episodes). Blebs were not observed at irreversible sonoporation sites or when sonoporation site repair was inhibited via extracellular Ca(2+) chelation. Functionally, the bleb volume was found to serve as a buffer compartment to accommodate the cytoplasmic Ca(2+) excess brought about by Ca(2+) influx during sonoporation. These findings suggest that membrane blebbing would help sonoporated cells restore homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruen Shan Leow
- Medical Engineering Program, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Jennifer M F Wan
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Alfred C H Yu
- Medical Engineering Program, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Iivarinen JT, Korhonen RK, Jurvelin JS. Modeling of interstitial fluid movement in soft tissue under negative pressure – relevance to treatment of tissue swelling. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2015; 19:1089-98. [DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2015.1101073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
12
|
Radziuk D, Möhwald H, Suslick K. Single bubble perturbation in cavitation proximity of solid glass: hot spot versus distance. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:3534-41. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp52850b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
13
|
Iivarinen JT, Korhonen RK, Jurvelin JS. Experimental and numerical analysis of soft tissue stiffness measurement using manual indentation device--significance of indentation geometry and soft tissue thickness. Skin Res Technol 2013; 20:347-54. [PMID: 24267492 DOI: 10.1111/srt.12125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indentation techniques haves been applied to measure stiffness of human soft tissues. Tissue properties and geometry of the indentation instrument control the measured response. METHODS Mechanical roles of different soft tissues were characterized to understand the performance of the indentation instrument. An optimal instrument design was investigated. Experimental indentations in forearm of human subjects (N = 11) were conducted. Based on peripheral quantitative computed tomography imaging, a finite element (FE) model for indentation was created. The model response was matched with the experimental data. RESULTS Optimized values for the elastic modulus of skin and adipose tissue were 130.2 and 2.5 kPa, respectively. The simulated indentation response was 3.9 ± 1.2 (mean ± SD) and 4.9 ± 2.0 times more sensitive to changes in the elastic modulus of the skin than to changes in the elastic modulus of adipose tissue and muscle, respectively. Skin thickness affected sensitivity of the instrument to detect changes in stiffness of the underlying tissues. CONCLUSION Finite element modeling provides a feasible method to quantitatively evaluate the geometrical aspects and the sensitivity of an indentation measurement device. Systematically, the skin predominantly controlled the indentation response regardless of the indenter geometry or variations in the volume of different soft tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J T Iivarinen
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Casey J, Sennoga C, Mulvana H, Hajnal JV, Tang MX, Eckersley RJ. Single bubble acoustic characterization and stability measurement of adherent microbubbles. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2013; 39:903-914. [PMID: 23473537 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2012.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Revised: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This article examines how the acoustic and stability characteristics of single lipid-shelled microbubbles (MBs) change as a result of adherence to a target surface. For individual adherent and non-adherent MBs, the backscattered echo from a narrowband 2-MHz, 90-kPa peak negative pressure interrogation pulse was obtained. These measurements were made in conjunction with an increasing amplitude broadband disruption pulse. It was found that, for the given driving frequency, adherence had little effect on the fundamental response of an MB. Examination of the second harmonic response indicated an increase of the resonance frequency for an adherent MB: resonance radius increasing of 0.3 ± 0.1 μm for an adherent MB. MB stability was seen to be closely related to MB resonance and gave further evidence of a change in the resonance frequency due to adherence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Casey
- Imaging Sciences Department, Imperial College, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Gong SW, Goh BHT, Ohl SW, Khoo BC. Interaction of a spark-generated bubble with a rubber beam: numerical and experimental study. Phys Rev E 2012; 86:026307. [PMID: 23005854 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.86.026307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2012] [Revised: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, the physical behaviors of the interaction between a spark-generated bubble and a rubber beam are studied. Both numerical and experimental approaches are employed to investigate the bubble collapse near the rubber beam (which acts as a flexible boundary) and the corresponding large deformation of the beam. Good agreement between the numerical simulations and experimental observations is achieved. The analysis reveals that the ratio of the bubble-beam distance to the maximum bubble radius influences the bubble evolution (from expansion to collapse) and the beam deformation. The stiffness of the beam plays an important role in the elastic beam response to bubble expansion and collapse. The effect of the vapor pressure on both bubble collapses and beam deflections is also examined. The results from this paper may provide physical insight into the complex physics of the bubble-rubber interaction. The understanding is possibly applicable in biomedicine for drug delivery to tissue, which is a soft material. It is also probably useful in the marine industry where ultrasonic bubbles are generated for the defouling of ship surfaces, which has been coated with an elastic material. There is also potential interest in underwater explosions near elastic structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S W Gong
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Connexis, Singapore 138632, Singapore
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Fernandez Rivas D, Verhaagen B, Seddon JRT, Zijlstra AG, Jiang LM, van der Sluis LWM, Versluis M, Lohse D, Gardeniers HJGE. Localized removal of layers of metal, polymer, or biomaterial by ultrasound cavitation bubbles. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2012; 6:34114. [PMID: 23964308 PMCID: PMC3436908 DOI: 10.1063/1.4747166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 08/06/2012] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We present an ultrasonic device with the ability to locally remove deposited layers from a glass slide in a controlled and rapid manner. The cleaning takes place as the result of cavitating bubbles near the deposited layers and not due to acoustic streaming. The bubbles are ejected from air-filled cavities micromachined in a silicon surface, which, when vibrated ultrasonically at a frequency of 200 kHz, generate a stream of bubbles that travel to the layer deposited on an opposing glass slide. Depending on the pressure amplitude, the bubble clouds ejected from the micropits attain different shapes as a result of complex bubble interaction forces, leading to distinct shapes of the cleaned areas. We have determined the removal rates for several inorganic and organic materials and obtained an improved efficiency in cleaning when compared to conventional cleaning equipment. We also provide values of the force the bubbles are able to exert on an atomic force microscope tip.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Fernandez Rivas
- Mesoscale Chemical Systems Group, MESA+ Research Institute, University of Twente, ME147, P.O. Box 217, 7500AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Iivarinen JT, Korhonen RK, Julkunen P, Jurvelin JS. Experimental and computational analysis of soft tissue mechanical response under negative pressure in forearm. Skin Res Technol 2012; 19:e356-65. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0846.2012.00652.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rami K. Korhonen
- Department of Applied Physics; University of Eastern Finland; Kuopio; Finland
| | - Petro Julkunen
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology; Kuopio University Hospital; Kuopio; Finland
| | - Jukka S. Jurvelin
- Department of Applied Physics; University of Eastern Finland; Kuopio; Finland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
CHAHINE GL, HSIAO CT. MODELING MICROBUBBLE DYNAMICS IN BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS(). JOURNAL OF HYDRODYNAMICS. SER. B 2012; 24:169-183. [PMID: 22833696 PMCID: PMC3402098 DOI: 10.1016/s1001-6058(11)60232-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Controlling microbubble dynamics to produce desirable biomedical outcomes when and where necessary and avoid deleterious effects requires advanced knowledge, which can be achieved only through a combination of experimental and numerical/analytical techniques. The present communication presents a multi-physics approach to study the dynamics combining viscous- in-viscid effects, liquid and structure dynamics, and multi bubble interaction. While complex numerical tools are developed and used, the study aims at identifying the key parameters influencing the dynamics, which need to be included in simpler models.
Collapse
|
19
|
Iivarinen JT, Korhonen RK, Julkunen P, Jurvelin JS. Experimental and computational analysis of soft tissue stiffness in forearm using a manual indentation device. Med Eng Phys 2011; 33:1245-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2011.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2010] [Revised: 05/26/2011] [Accepted: 05/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
20
|
Chen H, Brayman AA, Kreider W, Bailey MR, Matula TJ. Observations of translation and jetting of ultrasound-activated microbubbles in mesenteric microvessels. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2011; 37:2139-48. [PMID: 22036639 PMCID: PMC3223323 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2011.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2011] [Revised: 09/14/2011] [Accepted: 09/20/2011] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
High-speed photomicrography was used to study the translational dynamics of single microbubbles in microvessels of ex vivo rat mesenteries. The microbubbles were insonated by a single 2 μs ultrasound pulse with a center frequency of 1 MHz and peak negative pressures spanning the range of 0.8-4 MPa. The microvessel diameters ranged from 10-80 μm. The high-speed image sequences show evidence of ultrasound-activated microbubble translation away from the nearest vessel wall; no microbubble showed a net translation toward the nearest vessel wall. Microbubble maximum translation displacements exceeded 20 μm. Microjets with the direction of the jets identifiable were also observed; all microjets appear to have been directed away from the nearest vessel wall. These observations appear to be characteristic of a strong coupling between ultrasound-driven microbubbles and compliant microvessels. Although limited to mesenteric tissues, these observations provide an important step in understanding the physical interactions between microbubbles and microvessels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- Center for Industrial and Medical Ultrasound, Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Survey of EndourologyHoward N. Winfield, M.D., Section Editor. J Endourol 2011. [DOI: 10.1089/end.2011.1548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
22
|
A clinical nomogram to predict the successful shock wave lithotripsy of renal and ureteral calculi. J Urol 2011; 186:556-62. [PMID: 21684557 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2011.03.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although shock wave lithotripsy is dependent on patient and stone related factors, there are few reliable algorithms predictive of its success. In this study we develop a comprehensive nomogram to predict renal and ureteral stone shock wave lithotripsy outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS During a 5-year period data from patients treated at our lithotripsy unit were reviewed. Analysis was restricted to patients with a solitary renal or ureteral calculus 20 mm or less. Demographic, stone, patient, treatment and 3-month followup data were collected from a prospective database. All patients were treated using the Philips Lithotron® lithotripter. RESULTS A total of 422 patients (69.7% male) were analyzed. Mean stone size was 52.3±39.3 mm2 for ureteral stones and 78.9±77.3 mm2 for renal stones, with 95 (43.6%) of the renal stones located in the lower pole. The single treatment success rates for ureteral and renal stones were 60.3% and 70.2%, respectively. On univariate analysis predictors of shock wave lithotripsy success, regardless of stone location, were age (p=0.01), body mass index (p=0.01), stone size (p<0.01), mean stone density (p<0.01) and skin to stone distance (p<0.01). By multivariate logistic regression for renal calculi, age, stone area and skin to stone distance were significant predictors with an AUC of 0.75. For ureteral calculi predictive factors included body mass index and stone size (AUC 0.70). CONCLUSIONS Patient and stone parameters have been identified to create a nomogram that predicts shock wave lithotripsy outcomes using the Lithotron lithotripter, which can facilitate optimal treatment based decisions and provide patients with more accurate single treatment success rates for shock wave lithotripsy tailored to patient specific situations.
Collapse
|
23
|
Kobayashi K, Kodama T, Takahira H. Shock wave–bubble interaction near soft and rigid boundaries during lithotripsy: numerical analysis by the improved ghost fluid method. Phys Med Biol 2011; 56:6421-40. [DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/56/19/016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
24
|
Ohl SW, Ow DSW, Klaseboer E, Wong VVT, Camattari A, Ohl CD. Creation of cavitation activity in a microfluidic device through acoustically driven capillary waves. LAB ON A CHIP 2010; 10:1848-55. [PMID: 20596559 DOI: 10.1039/c002363a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We present a study on achieving intense acoustic cavitation generated by ultrasonic vibrations in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) based microfluidic devices. The substrate to which the PDMS is bonded was forced into oscillation with a simple piezoelectric transducer attached at 5 mm from the device to a microscopic glass slide. The transducer was operated at 100 kHz with driving voltages ranging between 20 V and 230 V. Close to the glass surface, pressure and vibration amplitudes of up to 20 bar and 400 nm were measured respectively. It is found that this strong forcing leads to the excitation of nonlinear surface waves when gas-liquid interfaces are present in the microfluidic channels. Also, it is observed that nuclei leading to intense inertial cavitation are generated by the entrapment of gas pockets at those interfaces. Subsequently, cavitation bubble clusters with void fractions of more than 50% are recorded with high-speed photography at up to 250,000 frames/s. The cavitation clusters can be sustained through the continuous injection of gas using a T-junction in the microfluidic device.
Collapse
|
25
|
Gong SW, Ohl SW, Klaseboer E, Khoo BC. Scaling law for bubbles induced by different external sources: theoretical and experimental study. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2010; 81:056317. [PMID: 20866332 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.81.056317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2009] [Revised: 02/17/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The scaling relations for bubbles induced by different external sources are investigated based on a modified Rayleigh model and experimental observations. The equations derived from the modified Rayleigh model are presented to describe the collapse of bubbles induced by the different external sources such as electrical spark, laser, and underwater explosion. A scaling law is then formulated to establish the scaling relations between the different types of bubbles. The scaling law reveals the fact that the characteristic length scale factor differs from the characteristic time scale factor for the different types of bubbles. It is then validated by our experimental observations of the spark- and laser-generated bubbles as well as the bubbles induced by underwater explosions from previous published reports. With the present scaling law, studies on spark- or laser-generated bubbles as well as their applications (for example, in industrial or biomedical related applications) can benefit from the experiences and information built up over the years in underwater explosion bubbles. Conversely, it is possible to substitute a spark- or laser-generated bubble for an underwater explosion bubble in the study of a large-scale and complex physical problem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S W Gong
- Institute of High Performance Computing, 1 Fusionopolis Way, No. #16-16, Connexis, Singapore 138632, Singapore
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|