1
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Noël GPJ. Flammability and combustion hazard of preserved human tissues. Clin Anat 2020; 33:876-879. [PMID: 31983059 DOI: 10.1002/ca.23573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Preservation techniques have evolved over the years to respond to the need of longer dissection periods, with formaldehyde being widely used for this purpose. In recent years, efforts have been focusing on reducing the health hazards of this fixative and the rigidity of the tissues embalmed with it. With every embalming technique that they are either developing or resurrecting from various protocols, institutions need to assess the fire and health hazards of all the chemicals being used. Compliance with the storage and handling safeguards listed in the Material Safety Data Sheet of each chemical, needs to be accompanied by infrastructure changes. To reduce the health hazards of formaldehyde, institutions are taking appropriate countermeasures directed at the source itself, by using substitutes or injecting formaldehyde chelating agents, and are adopting high performance air extraction systems to protect the users. However, little is known about the flammability risk of embalmed human bodies. During a recent visit to McGill University morgue by architects and safety inspectors to expand it, we were asked about the flammability risk of the embalmed specimens, so we carried out a flashpoint test to evaluate the flammability potential of specimens embalmed with each of our three embalming techniques: formaldehyde-based, Thiel, and phenol-based. With the phenol-based embalming showing the most risks, attention should be drawn to all institutions who are experimenting with various embalming techniques to evaluate the flammability potential of their embalmed specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffroy P Jc Noël
- Division of Anatomical Sciences, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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2
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Murad HY, Bortz EP, Yu H, Luo D, Halliburton GM, Sholl AB, Khismatullin DB. Phenotypic alterations in liver cancer cells induced by mechanochemical disruption. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19538. [PMID: 31862927 PMCID: PMC6925139 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55920-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly fatal disease recognized as a growing global health crisis worldwide. Currently, no curative treatment is available for early-to-intermediate stage HCC, characterized by large and/or multifocal tumors. If left untreated, HCC rapidly progresses to a lethal stage due to favorable conditions for metastatic spread. Mechanochemical disruption of cellular structures can potentially induce phenotypic alterations in surviving tumor cells that prevent HCC progression. In this paper, HCC response to mechanical vibration via high-intensity focused ultrasound and a chemical disruptive agent (ethanol) was examined in vitro and in vivo. Our analysis revealed that mechanochemical disruption caused a significant overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in multiple HCC cell lines (HepG2, PLC/PRF/5, and Hep3B). This led to a decrease in cell viability and long-term proliferation due to increased expression and activity of death receptors TNFR1 and Fas. The cells that survived mechanochemical disruption had a reduced expression of cancer stem cell markers (CD133, CD90, CD49f) and a diminished colony-forming ability. Mechanochemical disruption also impeded HCC migration and their adhesion to vascular endothelium, two critical processes in hematogenous metastasis. The HCC transformation to a non-tumorigenic phenotype post mechanochemical disruption was confirmed by a lack of tumor spheroid formation in vitro and complete tumor regression in vivo. These results show that mechanochemical disruption inhibits uncontrolled proliferation and reduces tumorigenicity and aggressiveness of HCC cells through ROS overproduction and associated activation of TNF- and Fas-mediated cell death signaling. Our study identifies a novel curative therapeutic approach that can prevent the development of aggressive HCC phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakm Y Murad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Tulane Institute for Integrative Engineering for Health and Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Emma P Bortz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Tulane Institute for Integrative Engineering for Health and Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Heng Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Tulane Institute for Integrative Engineering for Health and Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Daishen Luo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Tulane Institute for Integrative Engineering for Health and Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Gray M Halliburton
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Tulane Institute for Integrative Engineering for Health and Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Andrew B Sholl
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Damir B Khismatullin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.
- Tulane Institute for Integrative Engineering for Health and Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.
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3
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Fant C, Lafond M, Rogez B, Castellanos IS, Ngo J, Mestas JL, Padilla F, Lafon C. In vitro potentiation of doxorubicin by unseeded controlled non-inertial ultrasound cavitation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15581. [PMID: 31666639 PMCID: PMC6821732 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51785-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrasound-generated non-inertial cavitation has the ability to potentiate the therapeutic effects of cytotoxic drugs. We report a novel strategy to induce and regulate unseeded (without nucleation agents) non-inertial cavitation, where cavitation is initiated, monitored and regulated using a confocal ultrasound setup controlled by an instrumentation platform and a PC programmed feedback control loop. We demonstrate, using 4T1 murine mammary carcinoma as model cell line, that unseeded non-inertial cavitation potentiates the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin, one of the most potent drugs used in the treatment of solid tumors including breast cancer. Combined treatment with doxorubicin and unseeded non-inertial cavitation significantly reduced cell viability and proliferation at 72 h. A mechanistic study of the potential mechanisms of action of the combined treatment identified the presence of cavitation as required to enhance doxorubicin efficacy, but ruled out the influence of changes in doxorubicin uptake, temperature increase, hydroxyl radical production and nuclear membrane modifications on the treatment outcome. The developed strategy for the reproducible generation and maintenance of unseeded cavitation makes it an attractive method as potential preclinical and clinical treatment modality to locally potentiate doxorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Fant
- LabTAU, INSERM, Centre Léon Bérard, Université Lyon 1, Univ-Lyon, F-69003, Lyon, France
| | - Maxime Lafond
- LabTAU, INSERM, Centre Léon Bérard, Université Lyon 1, Univ-Lyon, F-69003, Lyon, France
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 2600 Clifton Ave, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA
| | - Bernadette Rogez
- LabTAU, INSERM, Centre Léon Bérard, Université Lyon 1, Univ-Lyon, F-69003, Lyon, France
- University of Lille, building SN3, INSERM U908 "Cell plasticity and Cancer", 59655, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
- OCR (Oncovet Clinical Research), Parc Eurasanté, Lille Métropole, 80 rue Docteur Yersin, 59120, Loos, France
| | | | - Jacqueline Ngo
- LabTAU, INSERM, Centre Léon Bérard, Université Lyon 1, Univ-Lyon, F-69003, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Louis Mestas
- LabTAU, INSERM, Centre Léon Bérard, Université Lyon 1, Univ-Lyon, F-69003, Lyon, France
| | - Frédéric Padilla
- LabTAU, INSERM, Centre Léon Bérard, Université Lyon 1, Univ-Lyon, F-69003, Lyon, France.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
- Focused Ultrasound Foundation, 1230 Cedars Court, Suite 206, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
| | - Cyril Lafon
- LabTAU, INSERM, Centre Léon Bérard, Université Lyon 1, Univ-Lyon, F-69003, Lyon, France
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4
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Huang L, Zhou K, Zhang J, Ma Y, Yang W, Ran L, Jin C, Dimitrov DD, Zhu H. Efficacy and safety of high-intensity focused ultrasound ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma by changing the acoustic environment: microbubble contrast agent (SonoVue) and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization. Int J Hyperthermia 2019; 36:244-252. [PMID: 30668189 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2018.1558290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Huang
- CountryaState Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Engineering in Medicines Co-Found by Chongqing and the Ministry of Science and Technology, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Minimally invasive and Noninvasive Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Kun Zhou
- Clinical Center for Tumor Therapy of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Clinical Center for Tumor Therapy of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuhong Ma
- Clinical Center for Tumor Therapy of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Clinical Center for Tumor Therapy of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lifeng Ran
- Clinical Center for Tumor Therapy of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chengbing Jin
- Clinical Center for Tumor Therapy of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dobromir Dimitrov Dimitrov
- Department of Surgical Propaedeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University-Pleven, Pleven, Bulgaria
- Department of Surgical Oncology, St. Marina Hospital, Medical University-Pleven, Pleven, Bulgaria
- HIFU Center, St. Marina Hospital, Medical University-Pleven, Pleven, Bulgaria
| | - Hui Zhu
- Clinical Center for Tumor Therapy of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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5
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Murad HY, Yu H, Luo D, Bortz EP, Halliburton GM, Sholl AB, Khismatullin DB. Mechanochemical Disruption Suppresses Metastatic Phenotype and Pushes Prostate Cancer Cells toward Apoptosis. Mol Cancer Res 2019; 17:1087-1101. [PMID: 30617107 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-18-0782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Chemical-based medicine that targets specific oncogenes or proteins often leads to cancer recurrence due to tumor heterogeneity and development of chemoresistance. This challenge can be overcome by mechanochemical disruption of cancer cells via focused ultrasound (FUS) and sensitizing chemical agents such as ethanol. We demonstrate that this disruptive therapy decreases the viability, proliferation rate, tumorigenicity, endothelial adhesion, and migratory ability of prostate cancer cells in vitro. It sensitized the cells to TNFR1-- and Fas--mediated apoptosis and reduced the expression of metastatic markers CD44 and CD29. Using a prostate cancer xenograft model, we observed that the mechanochemical disruption led to complete tumor regression in vivo. This switch to a nonaggressive cell phenotype was caused by ROS and Hsp70 overproduction and subsequent impairment of NFκB signaling. FUS induces mechanical perturbations of diverse cancer cell populations, and its combination with agents that amplify and guide remedial cellular responses can stop lethal cancer progression. IMPLICATIONS: Mechanochemical disruption therapy in which FUS is combined with ethanol can be curative for locally aggressive and castration-resistant prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakm Y Murad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana.,Tulane Institute for Integrative Engineering for Health and Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Heng Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana.,Tulane Institute for Integrative Engineering for Health and Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Daishen Luo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana.,Tulane Institute for Integrative Engineering for Health and Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Emma P Bortz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana.,Tulane Institute for Integrative Engineering for Health and Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Gray M Halliburton
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana.,Tulane Institute for Integrative Engineering for Health and Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Andrew B Sholl
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Damir B Khismatullin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana. .,Tulane Institute for Integrative Engineering for Health and Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana.,Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
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6
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Abshire C, Murad HY, Arora JS, Liu J, Mandava SH, John VT, Khismatullin DB, Lee BR. Focused Ultrasound-Triggered Release of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor From Thermosensitive Liposomes for Treatment of Renal Cell Carcinoma. J Pharm Sci 2017; 106:1355-1362. [PMID: 28159640 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2017.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This study reports, for the first time, development of tyrosine kinase inhibitor-loaded, thermosensitive liposomes (TKI/TSLs) and their efficacy for treatment of renal cell carcinoma when triggered by focused ultrasound (FUS). Uptake of these nanoparticles into renal cancer cells was visualized with confocal and fluorescent imaging of rhodamine B-loaded liposomes. The combination of TKI/TSLs and FUS was tested in an in vitro tumor model of renal cell carcinoma. According to MTT cytotoxic assay and flow cytometric analysis, the combined treatment led to the least viability (23.4% ± 2.49%, p < 0.001), significantly lower than that observed from treatment with FUS (97.6% ± 0.67%, not significant) or TKI/TSL (71.0% ± 3.65%, p < 0.001) at 96 h compared to control. The importance of this unique, synergistic combination was demonstrated in viability experiments with non-thermosensitive liposomes (TKI/NTSL + FUS: 58.8% ± 1.5% vs. TKI/TSL + FUS: 36.2% ± 1.4%, p < 0.001) and heated water immersion (TKI/TSL + WB43°: 59.3% ± 2.91% vs. TKI/TSL + FUS: 36.4% ± 1.55%, p < 0.001). Our findings coupled with the existing use of FUS in clinical practice make the proposed combination of targeted chemotherapy, nanotechnology, and FUS a promising platform for enhanced drug delivery and cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb Abshire
- Department of Urology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
| | - Hakm Y Murad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118; Tulane Institute for Integrative Engineering for Health and Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
| | - Jaspreet S Arora
- Department of Chemical and Bimolecular Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118; Vector-Borne Infectious Disease Research Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
| | - James Liu
- Department of Urology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
| | - Sree Harsha Mandava
- Department of Urology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
| | - Vijay T John
- Department of Chemical and Bimolecular Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118; Vector-Borne Infectious Disease Research Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
| | - Damir B Khismatullin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118; Tulane Institute for Integrative Engineering for Health and Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112; Division of Urology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona 85724
| | - Benjamin R Lee
- Department of Urology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112; Division of Urology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona 85724.
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7
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Arora JS, Murad HY, Ashe S, Halliburton G, Yu H, He J, John VT, Khismatullin DB. Ablative Focused Ultrasound Synergistically Enhances Thermally Triggered Chemotherapy for Prostate Cancer in Vitro. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:3080-90. [PMID: 27383214 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) can locally ablate biological tissues such as tumors, i.e., induce their rapid heating and coagulative necrosis without causing damage to surrounding healthy structures. It is widely used in clinical practice for minimally invasive treatment of prostate cancer. Nonablative, low-power HIFU was established as a promising tool for triggering the release of chemotherapeutic drugs from temperature-sensitive liposomes (TSLs). In this study, we combine ablative HIFU and thermally triggered chemotherapy to address the lack of safe and effective treatment options for elderly patients with high-risk localized prostate cancer. DU145 prostate cancer cells were exposed to chemotherapy (free and liposomal Sorafenib) and ablative HIFU, alone or in combination. Prior to cell viability assessment by trypan blue exclusion and flow cytometry, the uptake of TSLs by DU145 cells was verified by confocal microscopy and cryogenic scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM). The combination of TSLs encapsulating 10 μM Sorafenib and 8.7W HIFU resulted in a viability of less than 10% at 72 h post-treatment, which was significant less than the viability of the cells treated with free Sorafenib (76%), Sorafenib-loaded TSLs (63%), or HIFU alone (44%). This synergy was not observed on cells treated with Sorafenib-loaded nontemperature sensitive liposomes and HIFU. According to cryo-SEM analysis, cells exposed to ablative HIFU exhibited significant mechanical disruption. Water bath immersion experiments also showed an important role of mechanical effects in the synergistic enhancement of TSL-mediated chemotherapy by ablative HIFU. This combination therapy can be an effective strategy for treatment of geriatric prostate cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaspreet S Arora
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Tulane University , New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States.,Vector-Borne Infectious Disease Research Center, Tulane University , New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Hakm Y Murad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University , New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States.,Tulane Institute for Integrative Engineering for Health and Medicine, Tulane University , New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Stephen Ashe
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Tulane University , New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Gray Halliburton
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University , New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States.,Tulane Institute for Integrative Engineering for Health and Medicine, Tulane University , New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Heng Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University , New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States.,Tulane Institute for Integrative Engineering for Health and Medicine, Tulane University , New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Jibao He
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Tulane University , New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Vijay T John
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Tulane University , New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States.,Vector-Borne Infectious Disease Research Center, Tulane University , New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Damir B Khismatullin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University , New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States.,Tulane Institute for Integrative Engineering for Health and Medicine, Tulane University , New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States.,Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine , New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
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8
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9
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Zhou D, Sun Y, Zheng Y, Ran H, Li P, Wang Z, Wang Z. Superparamagnetic PLGA–iron oxide microspheres as contrast agents for dual-imaging and the enhancement of the effects of high-intensity focused ultrasound ablation on liver tissue. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra00880h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Efforts have been made to develop a multifunctional platform that could provide both diagnostic information and a therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhou
- Institute of Ultrasound Imaging
- Department of Ultrasound
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging
- Chongqing
| | - Yang Sun
- Institute of Ultrasound Imaging
- Department of Ultrasound
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging
- Chongqing
| | - Yuanyi Zheng
- Institute of Ultrasound Imaging
- Department of Ultrasound
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging
- Chongqing
| | - Haitao Ran
- Institute of Ultrasound Imaging
- Department of Ultrasound
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging
- Chongqing
| | - Pan Li
- Institute of Ultrasound Imaging
- Department of Ultrasound
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging
- Chongqing
| | - Zhibiao Wang
- College of Biomedical Engineering
- Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing
- P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Institute of Ultrasound Imaging
- Department of Ultrasound
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging
- Chongqing
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10
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Fang YL, Chen XG, W T G. Gene delivery in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2014; 103:1679-99. [PMID: 25557560 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
As a promising strategy to aid or replace tissue/organ transplantation, gene delivery has been used for regenerative medicine applications to create or restore normal function at the cell and tissue levels. Gene delivery has been successfully performed ex vivo and in vivo in these applications. Excellent proliferation capabilities and differentiation potentials render certain cells as excellent candidates for ex vivo gene delivery for regenerative medicine applications, which is why multipotent and pluripotent cells have been intensely studied in this vein. In this review, gene delivery is discussed in detail, along with its applications to tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. A definition of a stem cell is compared to a definition of a stem property, and both provide the foundation for an in-depth look at gene delivery investigations from a germ lineage angle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y L Fang
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Cellular Engineering, Tulane University, 300 Lindy Boggs Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, 70118
| | - X G Chen
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Cellular Engineering, Tulane University, 300 Lindy Boggs Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, 70118
| | - Godbey W T
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Cellular Engineering, Tulane University, 300 Lindy Boggs Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, 70118
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11
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Hoang NH, Murad HY, Ratnayaka SH, Chen C, Khismatullin DB. Synergistic ablation of liver tissue and liver cancer cells with high-intensity focused ultrasound and ethanol. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2014; 40:1869-1881. [PMID: 24798386 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2014.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2013] [Revised: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the combined effect of ethanol and high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), first, on heating and cavitation bubble activity in tissue-mimicking phantoms and porcine liver tissues and, second, on the viability of HepG2 liver cancer cells. Phantoms or porcine tissues were injected with ethanol and then subjected to HIFU at acoustic power ranging from 1.2 to 20.5 W (HIFU levels 1-7). Cavitation events and the temperature around the focal zone were measured with a passive cavitation detector and embedded type K thermocouples, respectively. HepG2 cells were subjected to 4% ethanol solution in growth medium (v/v) just before the cells were exposed to HIFU at 2.7, 8.7 or 12.0 W for 30 s. Cell viability was measured 2, 24 and 72 h post-treatment. The results indicate that ethanol and HIFU have a synergistic effect on liver cancer ablation as manifested by greater temperature rise and lesion volume in liver tissues and reduced viability of liver cancer cells. This effect is likely caused by reduction of the cavitation threshold in the presence of ethanol and the increased rate of ethanol diffusion through the cell membrane caused by HIFU-induced streaming, sonoporation and heating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen H Hoang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Hakm Y Murad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Sithira H Ratnayaka
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Chong Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Damir B Khismatullin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
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12
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Kopechek JA, Park EJ, Zhang YZ, Vykhodtseva NI, McDannold NJ, Porter TM. Cavitation-enhanced MR-guided focused ultrasound ablation of rabbit tumors in vivo using phase shift nanoemulsions. Phys Med Biol 2014; 59:3465-81. [PMID: 24899634 PMCID: PMC4119424 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/59/13/3465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Advanced tumors are often inoperable due to their size and proximity to critical vascular structures. High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) has been developed to non-invasively thermally ablate inoperable solid tumors. However, the clinical feasibility of HIFU ablation therapy has been limited by the long treatment times (on the order of hours) and high acoustic intensities required. Studies have shown that inertial cavitation can enhance HIFU-mediated heating by generating broadband acoustic emissions that increase tissue absorption and accelerate HIFU-induced heating. Unfortunately, initiating inertial cavitation in tumors requires high intensities and can be unpredictable. To address this need, phase-shift nanoemulsions (PSNE) have been developed. PSNE consist of lipid-coated liquid perfluorocarbon droplets that are less than 200 nm in diameter, thereby allowing passive accumulation in tumors through leaky tumor vasculature. PSNE can be vaporized into microbubbles in tumors in order to nucleate cavitation activity and enhance HIFU-mediated heating. In this study, MR-guided HIFU treatments were performed on intramuscular rabbit VX2 tumors in vivo to assess the effect of vaporized PSNE on acoustic cavitation and HIFU-mediated heating. HIFU pulses were delivered for 30 s using a 1.5 MHz, MR-compatible transducer, and cavitation emissions were recorded with a 650 kHz ring hydrophone while temperature was monitored using MR thermometry. Cavitation emissions were significantly higher (P < 0.05) after PSNE injection and this was well correlated with enhanced HIFU-mediated heating in tumors. The peak temperature rise induced by sonication was significantly higher (P < 0.05) after PSNE injection. For example, the mean per cent change in temperature achieved at 5.2 W of acoustic power was 46 ± 22% with PSNE injection. The results indicate that PSNE nucleates cavitation which correlates with enhanced HIFU-mediated heating in tumors. This suggests that PSNE could potentially be used to reduce the time and/or acoustic intensity required for HIFU-mediated heating, thereby increasing the feasibility and clinical efficacy of HIFU thermal ablation therapy.
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Yang Z, Zhang Y, Zhang R, Zhang H, Ma J, Chen J, Wang J, Jiang K, Mu D, Yu Y, Yang H. A case-control study of high-intensity focused ultrasound combined with sonographically guided intratumoral ethanol injection in the treatment of uterine fibroids. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2014; 33:657-665. [PMID: 24658945 DOI: 10.7863/ultra.33.4.657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to explore the feasibility of high-intensity focused ultrasound combined with sonographically guided intratumoral ethanol injection in the treatment of uterine fibroids and to compare its therapeutic effects and potential side effects with those of simple high-intensity focused ultrasound treatment. METHODS Forty patients with uterine fibroids from the Department of Ultrasonography in our hospital were randomly divided into 2 groups of the same size: group H, which only underwent high-intensity focused ultrasound treatment; and group H + A, which underwent sonographically guided intratumoral ethanol injection therapy first and then high-intensity focused ultrasound treatment the following day. The treatment times, treatment doses, pain scores, side effects, and therapeutic effect rates of the groups were then recorded and compared. RESULTS Both the treatment time and dose of group H + A were significantly less than those of group H, and the differences were statistically significant (P < .05). A lower pain score and fewer side effects were achieved in group H + A, also with statistically significant differences (P < .05). The therapeutic effect rate of group H + A was also higher than that of group H, and the difference was also statistically significant (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS In the treatment of uterine fibroids, high-intensity focused ultrasound combined with sonographically guided intratumoral ethanol injection requires less treatment time and a lower dose than simple high-intensity focused ultrasound treatment and significantly reduces the pain and side effects commonly experienced by patients. High-intensity focused ultrasound combined with sonographically guided intratumoral ethanol injection is a feasible, safe, and more effective way to treat patients with uterine fibroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Yang
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, 126 Xiantai St, Erdao District, 130033 Changchun, Jilin, China.
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Bull V, Civale J, Rivens I, Ter Haar G. A comparison of acoustic cavitation detection thresholds measured with piezo-electric and fiber-optic hydrophone sensors. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2013; 39:2406-21. [PMID: 24035410 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2013.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Revised: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A Fabry-Perot interferometer fiber-optic hydrophone (FOH) was investigated for use as an acoustic cavitation detector and compared with a piezo-ceramic passive cavitation detector (PCD). Both detectors were used to measure negative pressure thresholds for broadband emissions in 3% agar and ex vivo bovine liver simultaneously. FOH-detected half- and fourth-harmonic emissions were also studied. Three thresholds were defined and investigated: (i) onset of cavitation; (ii) 100% probability of cavitation; and (iii) a time-integrated threshold where broadband signals integrated over a 3-s exposure duration, averaged over 5-10 repeat exposures, become statistically significantly greater than noise. The statistical sensitiviy of FOH broadband detection was low compared with that of the PCD (0.43/0.31 in agar/liver). FOH-detected fourth-harmonic data agreed best with PCD broadband (sensitivity: 0.95/0.94, specificity: 0.89/0.76 in agar/liver). The FOH has potential as a cavitation detector, particularly in applications where space is limited or during magnetic resonance-guided studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Bull
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom; and Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust.
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