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Nwaji N, Kang H, Bayissa Gicha B, Osial M, Vapaavuori J, Lee J, Giersig M. A Stable Perovskite Sensitized Photonic Crystal P-N Junction with Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Production. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024:e202400395. [PMID: 38819589 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202400395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
The slow photon effect in inverse opal photonic crystals represents a promising approach to manipulate the interactions between light and matter through the design of material structures. This study introduces a novel ordered inverse opal photonic crystal (IOPC) sensitized with perovskite quantum dots (PQDs), demonstrating its efficacy for efficient visible-light-driven H2 generation via water splitting. The rational structural design contributes to enhanced light harvesting. The sensitization of the IOPC with PQDs improves optical response performance and enhances photocatalytic H2 generation under visible light irradiation compared to the IOPC alone. The designed photoanode exhibits a photocurrent density of 3.42 mA cm-2 at 1.23 V vs RHE. This work advances the rational design of visible light-responsive photocatalytic heterostructure materials based on wide band gap metal oxides for photoelectrochemical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Njemuwa Nwaji
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hyojin Kang
- Department Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea
| | - Birhanu Bayissa Gicha
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea
| | - Magdalena Osial
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jaana Vapaavuori
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Kemistintie 1, Espoo, 02150, Finland
| | - Jaebeom Lee
- Department Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea
| | - Michael Giersig
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
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Tang H, Luo F, Cui Z, Xiao Y, Xu W, Zhu Z, Chen S, Wang X, Liu Y, Wang J, Peng G, Qin S, Zhu M. Electrically Controlled Wavelength-Tunable Photoluminescence from van der Waals Heterostructures. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:19869-19877. [PMID: 35438495 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c02321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Achieving facile control of the wavelength of light emitters is of great significance for many key applications in optoelectronics and photonics, including on-chip interconnection, super-resolution imaging, and optical communication. The Joule heating effect caused by electric current is widely applied in modulating the refractive index of silicon-based waveguides for reconfigurable nanophotonic circuits. Here, by utilizing localized Joule heating in the biased graphene device, we demonstrate electrically controlled wavelength-tunable photoluminescence (PL) from vertical van der Waals heterostructures combined by graphene and two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (2D-TMDCs). By applying a moderate electric field of 6.5 kV·cm-1 to the graphene substrate, the PL wavelength of 2D-TMDCs exhibits a continuous tuning from 662 to 690 nm, corresponding to a bandgap reduction of 76 meV. The electric control is highly reversible during sweeping the bias back and forth. The temperature dependence of Raman and PL spectroscopy reveals that the current-induced local Joule heating effect plays a leading role in reducing the optical direct bandgap of TMDCs. The bias-dependent optical reflectivity and time-resolved photoluminescence measurements show a consistent reduction of the optical band gap of 2D-TMDCs and increased PL lifetimes with the electric field over the heterostructures. Moreover, we demonstrate the consistent device operation from 2D materials grown by chemical vapor deposition, showing great advantages for the scalability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwu Tang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China
- College of Liberal Arts and Sciences & Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Novel Nano-Optoelectronic Information Materials and Devices, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
| | - Fang Luo
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies & Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Novel Nano-Optoelectronic Information Materials and Devices, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
| | - Ziru Cui
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies & Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Novel Nano-Optoelectronic Information Materials and Devices, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies & Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Novel Nano-Optoelectronic Information Materials and Devices, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
| | - Wei Xu
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies & Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Novel Nano-Optoelectronic Information Materials and Devices, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
| | - Zhihong Zhu
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies & Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Novel Nano-Optoelectronic Information Materials and Devices, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
| | - Shula Chen
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Yanping Liu
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Key Laboratory for Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Jinbin Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China
| | - Gang Peng
- College of Liberal Arts and Sciences & Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Novel Nano-Optoelectronic Information Materials and Devices, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
| | - Shiqiao Qin
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies & Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Novel Nano-Optoelectronic Information Materials and Devices, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
| | - Mengjian Zhu
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies & Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Novel Nano-Optoelectronic Information Materials and Devices, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
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Zhao L, Liu C, Wang K. Progress of GaN-Based Optoelectronic Devices Integrated with Optical Resonances. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2106757. [PMID: 35218296 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202106757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Being direct wide bandgap, III-nitride (III-N) semiconductors have many applications in optoelectronics, including light-emitting diodes, lasers, detectors, photocatalysis, etc. Incorporation of III-N semiconductors with high-efficiency optical resonances including surface plasmons, distributed Bragg reflectors and micro cavities, has attracted considerable interests for upgrading their performance, which can not only reveal the new coupling mechanisms between optical resonances and quasiparticles, but also unveil the shield of novel optoelectronic devices with superior performances. In this review, the content covers the recent progress of GaN-based optoelectronic devices integrated with plasmonics and/or micro resonators, including the LEDs, photodetectors, solar cells, and light photocatalysis. The authors aim to provide an inspiring insight of recent remarkable progress and breakthroughs, as well as a promising prospect for the future highly-integrated, high speed, and efficient GaN-based optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Zhao
- School of Electrical Engineering, Tiangong University, 399 Binshuixi Road, Tianjin, 300387, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, A35 Qinghua East Road, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, A35 Qinghua East Road, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Kaiyou Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, A35 Qinghua East Road, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
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James Singh K, Ciou HH, Chang YH, Lin YS, Lin HT, Tsai PC, Lin SY, Shih MH, Kuo HC. Optical Mode Tuning of Monolayer Tungsten Diselenide (WSe 2) by Integrating with One-Dimensional Photonic Crystal through Exciton-Photon Coupling. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12030425. [PMID: 35159765 PMCID: PMC8839532 DOI: 10.3390/nano12030425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional materials, such as transition metal dichalogenides (TMDs), are emerging materials for optoelectronic applications due to their exceptional light-matter interaction characteristics. At room temperature, the coupling of excitons in monolayer TMDs with light opens up promising possibilities for realistic electronics. Controlling light-matter interactions could open up new possibilities for a variety of applications, and it could become a primary focus for mainstream nanophotonics. In this paper, we show how coupling can be achieved between excitons in the tungsten diselenide (WSe2) monolayer with band-edge resonance of one-dimensional (1-D) photonic crystal at room temperature. We achieved a Rabi splitting of 25.0 meV for the coupled system, indicating that the excitons in WSe2 and photons in 1-D photonic crystal were coupled successfully. In addition to this, controlling circularly polarized (CP) states of light is also important for the development of various applications in displays, quantum communications, polarization-tunable photon source, etc. TMDs are excellent chiroptical materials for CP photon emitters because of their intrinsic circular polarized light emissions. In this paper, we also demonstrate that integration between the TMDs and photonic crystal could help to manipulate the circular dichroism and hence the CP light emissions by enhancing the light-mater interaction. The degree of polarization of WSe2 was significantly enhanced through the coupling between excitons in WSe2 and the PhC resonant cavity mode. This coupled system could be used as a platform for manipulating polarized light states, which might be useful in optical information technology, chip-scale biosensing and various opto-valleytronic devices based on 2-D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konthoujam James Singh
- Department of Photonics, Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan; (K.J.S.); (H.-H.C.); (Y.-H.C.); (Y.-S.L.)
| | - Hao-Hsuan Ciou
- Department of Photonics, Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan; (K.J.S.); (H.-H.C.); (Y.-H.C.); (Y.-S.L.)
- Research Center for Applied Sciences (RCAS), Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; (H.-T.L.); (P.-C.T.); (S.-Y.L.)
| | - Ya-Hui Chang
- Department of Photonics, Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan; (K.J.S.); (H.-H.C.); (Y.-H.C.); (Y.-S.L.)
- Research Center for Applied Sciences (RCAS), Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; (H.-T.L.); (P.-C.T.); (S.-Y.L.)
| | - Yen-Shou Lin
- Department of Photonics, Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan; (K.J.S.); (H.-H.C.); (Y.-H.C.); (Y.-S.L.)
- Research Center for Applied Sciences (RCAS), Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; (H.-T.L.); (P.-C.T.); (S.-Y.L.)
| | - Hsiang-Ting Lin
- Research Center for Applied Sciences (RCAS), Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; (H.-T.L.); (P.-C.T.); (S.-Y.L.)
| | - Po-Cheng Tsai
- Research Center for Applied Sciences (RCAS), Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; (H.-T.L.); (P.-C.T.); (S.-Y.L.)
| | - Shih-Yen Lin
- Research Center for Applied Sciences (RCAS), Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; (H.-T.L.); (P.-C.T.); (S.-Y.L.)
| | - Min-Hsiung Shih
- Department of Photonics, Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan; (K.J.S.); (H.-H.C.); (Y.-H.C.); (Y.-S.L.)
- Research Center for Applied Sciences (RCAS), Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; (H.-T.L.); (P.-C.T.); (S.-Y.L.)
- Department of Photonics, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (M.-H.S.); (H.-C.K.); Tel.: +886-3-5712121 (H.-C.K.)
| | - Hao-Chung Kuo
- Department of Photonics, Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan; (K.J.S.); (H.-H.C.); (Y.-H.C.); (Y.-S.L.)
- Research Center for Applied Sciences (RCAS), Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; (H.-T.L.); (P.-C.T.); (S.-Y.L.)
- Correspondence: (M.-H.S.); (H.-C.K.); Tel.: +886-3-5712121 (H.-C.K.)
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Ndiaye A, Ghazouani A, Seassal C, Drouard E, Olivier N, Bakir BB. Enhanced light-extraction efficiency and emission directivity in compact photonic-crystal based AlGaInP thin-films for color conversion applications. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:35965-35979. [PMID: 34809019 DOI: 10.1364/oe.441116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the use of photonic crystals with different opto-geometrical parameters for light extraction from AlGaInP/InGaP MQW color converters. Blue-to-red and green-to-red color conversions were demonstrated using room-temperature photoluminescence with excitation wavelengths at 405nm and 514nm. Complete, compact and highly directional light extraction was demonstrated. 3D-FDTD and a herein-developed phenomenological model derived from the standard coupled-mode theory were used to analyze the results. The highest light extraction gains were ∼8 times better than unpatterned reference structures, which were paired with short extraction lengths (between 2µm and 6µm depending on the acceptance angle) and directional light emission for square lattice of nanopillars with a lattice period of 400nm. The design guidelines set in this work could pave the way for the use of inorganic MQW epi-layer color converters to achieve full color microdisplays on a single wafer.
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Abstract
Organo-metallic europium complex tetrakis (dibenzoyl methide) triethylammonium (EuD4TEA) shows a sharp emission spectrum, which makes it interesting for photonic applications. In this work, we embedded it into all-polymeric planar microcavities and investigated the effect of the photonic environment on its emission spectrum. To this end, submicron-sized EuD4TEA crystals were loaded into a blend of polystyrene and carboxylic terminated polystyrene matrix, which served to stabilize the emitter in the polymer and to make the composite processable. The new composite was then casted by spin-coating as a defect layer in a polymeric planar microcavity. Spectroscopic studies demonstrate that fine spectral tuning of the cavity mode on the sharp organometal luminescence is possible and produces spectral redistribution of the fluorophore emission, along with a remarkable cavity quality factor.
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Adhikary M, Uppu R, Harteveld CAM, Grishina DA, Vos WL. Experimental probe of a complete 3D photonic band gap. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:2683-2698. [PMID: 32121951 DOI: 10.1364/oe.28.002683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The identification of a complete three-dimensional (3D) photonic band gap in real crystals typically employs theoretical or numerical models that invoke idealized crystal structures. Such an approach is prone to false positives (gap wrongly assigned) or false negatives (gap missed). Therefore, we propose a purely experimental probe of the 3D photonic band gap that pertains to any class of photonic crystals. We collect reflectivity spectra with a large aperture on exemplary 3D inverse woodpile structures that consist of two perpendicular nanopore arrays etched in silicon. We observe intense reflectivity peaks (R>90%) typical of high-quality crystals with broad stopbands. A resulting parametric plot of s-polarized versus p-polarized stopband width is linear ("y=x"), a characteristic of a 3D photonic band gap, as confirmed by simulations. By scanning the focus across the crystal, we track the polarization-resolved stopbands versus the volume fraction of high-index material and obtain many more parametric data to confirm that the high-NA stopband corresponds to the photonic band gap. This practical probe is model-free and provides fast feedback on the advanced nanofabrication needed for 3D photonic crystals and stimulates practical applications of band gaps in 3D silicon nanophotonics and photonic integrated circuits, photovoltaics, cavity QED, and quantum information processing.
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Abstract
We show that slightly polydisperse disordered 2D foams can be used as a self-assembled template for isotropic photonic band gap (PBG) materials for transverse electric (TE) polarization. Calculations based on in-house experimental and simulated foam structures demonstrate that, at sufficient refractive index contrast, a dry foam organization with threefold nodes and long slender Plateau borders is especially advantageous to open a large PBG. A transition from dry to wet foam structure rapidly closes the PBG mainly by formation of bigger fourfold nodes, filling the PBG with defect modes. By tuning the foam area fraction, we find an optimal quantity of dielectric material, which maximizes the PBG in experimental systems. The obtained results have a potential to be extended to 3D foams to produce a next generation of self-assembled disordered PBG materials, enabling fabrication of cheap and scalable photonic devices.
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Wu S, Xia H, Xu J, Sun X, Liu X. Manipulating Luminescence of Light Emitters by Photonic Crystals. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1803362. [PMID: 30251274 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201803362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The modulation of luminescence is essential because unwanted spontaneous-emission modes have a negative effect on the performance of luminescence-based photonic devices. Photonic crystals are promising materials for the control of light emission because of the variation in the local density of optical modes within them. They have been widely investigated for the manipulation of the emission intensity and lifetime of light emitters. Several groups have achieved greatly enhanced emission by depositing emitters on the surface of photonic crystals. Herein, the different modulating effects of photonic crystal dimensions, light-emitter positions, photonic crystal structure type, and the refractive index of photonic crystal building blocks are highlighted, with the aim of evaluating the fundamental principles that determine light propagation. The applications of using photonic crystals to manipulate spontaneous emission in light-emitting diodes and sensors are also reviewed. In addition, potential future challenges and improvements in this field are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suli Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2#, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Hongbo Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2#, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Jiahui Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Xiaoqian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2#, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
- Center for Functional Materials, NUS Suzhou Research Institute, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
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Wu Q, Liu B, Zhu Z, Gu M, Chen H, Xue C, Zhao J, Wu Y, Tai R, Ouyang X. Directional emission of plastic luminescent films using photonic crystals fabricated by soft-X-ray interference lithography and reactive ion etching. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9254. [PMID: 29915305 PMCID: PMC6006343 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27593-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In this report, a novel method to prepare photonic crystals based on the combination of soft-X-ray interference lithography (XIL) and reactive ion etching (RIE) with a bi-layer photoresist system was developed. XIL can be utilized to prepare periodic structures with high efficiency but the depth of etch is limited due to the strong absorption of photoresist for soft-X-ray. Based on the pattern prepared by XIL, RIE can be utilized to further etch a second layer of photoresist, so that one can obtain a large depth of etch. Controlling the dispersion relation of the prepared photonic crystals, strongly directional emission of plastic luminescent films was demonstrated. A wavelength-integrated enhancement of 2.64-folds enhancement in the range of 420 to 440 nm in the normal direction was obtained. Guided-mode resonance and Fabry-Perot resonance could be the critical factors to control the directional emission. Devices based on directional emission films have a variety of applications in such as detectors, optical communication and display screens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Bo Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China.
| | - Zhichao Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Mu Gu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Hong Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Chaofan Xue
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai, 201800, P. R. China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai, 201800, P. R. China
| | - Yanqing Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai, 201800, P. R. China
| | - Renzhong Tai
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai, 201800, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoping Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect, Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi'an, 710024, P. R. China
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Chen Y, Zhang Y, Femius Koenderink A. General point dipole theory for periodic metasurfaces: magnetoelectric scattering lattices coupled to planar photonic structures. OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 25:21358-21378. [PMID: 29041435 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.021358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We study semi-analytically the light emission and absorption properties of arbitrary stratified photonic structures with embedded two-dimensional magnetoelectric point scattering lattices, as used in recent plasmon-enhanced LEDs and solar cells. By employing dyadic Green's function for the layered structure in combination with the Ewald lattice summation to deal with the particle lattice, we develop an efficient method to study the coupling between planar 2D scattering lattices of plasmonic, or metamaterial point particles, coupled to layered structures. Using the 'array scanning method' we deal with localized sources. Firstly, we apply our method to light emission enhancement of dipole emitters in slab waveguides, mediated by plasmonic lattices. We benchmark the array scanning method against a reciprocity-based approach to find that the calculated radiative rate enhancement in k-space below the light cone shows excellent agreement. Secondly, we apply our method to study absorption-enhancement in thin-film solar cells mediated by periodic Ag nanoparticle arrays. Lastly, we study the emission distribution in k-space of a coupled waveguide-lattice system. In particular, we explore the dark mode excitation on the plasmonic lattice using the so-called array scanning method. Our method could be useful for simulating a broad range of complex nanophotonic structures, i.e., metasurfaces, plasmon-enhanced light emitting systems and photovoltaics.
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Lozano G, Rodriguez SRK, Verschuuren MA, Gómez Rivas J. Metallic nanostructures for efficient LED lighting. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2016; 5:e16080. [PMID: 30167168 PMCID: PMC6059959 DOI: 10.1038/lsa.2016.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are driving a shift toward energy-efficient illumination. Nonetheless, modifying the emission intensities, colors and directionalities of LEDs in specific ways remains a challenge often tackled by incorporating secondary optical components. Metallic nanostructures supporting plasmonic resonances are an interesting alternative to this approach due to their strong light-matter interaction, which facilitates control over light emission without requiring external secondary optical components. This review discusses new methods that enhance the efficiencies of LEDs using nanostructured metals. This is an emerging field that incorporates physics, materials science, device technology and industry. First, we provide a general overview of state-of-the-art LED lighting, discussing the main characteristics required of both quantum wells and color converters to efficiently generate white light. Then, we discuss the main challenges in this field as well as the potential of metallic nanostructures to circumvent them. We review several of the most relevant demonstrations of LEDs in combination with metallic nanostructures, which have resulted in light-emitting devices with improved performance. We also highlight a few recent studies in applied plasmonics that, although exploratory and eminently fundamental, may lead to new solutions in illumination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Lozano
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla (CSIC-US), 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Said RK Rodriguez
- Laboratoire de Photonique et de Nanostructures (LPN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 91460 Marcoussis, France
| | | | - Jaime Gómez Rivas
- Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, 5600 HH Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- COBRA Research Institute, Technical University of Eindhoven, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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Zhang Z, Geng C, Hao Z, Wei T, Yan Q. Recent advancement on micro-/nano-spherical lens photolithography based on monolayer colloidal crystals. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2016; 228:105-22. [PMID: 26732300 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2015.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Highly ordered nanostructures have gained substantial interest in the research community due to their fascinating properties and wide applications.Micro-/nano-spherical lens photolithography (SLPL) has been recognized as an inexpensive, inherently parallel, and high-throughput approach to the creation of highly ordered nanostructures. SLPL based on monolayer colloidal crystals (MCCs) of self-assembled colloidal micro-/nano-spheres have recently made remarkable progress in overcoming the constraints of conventional photolithography in terms of cost, feature size, tunability, and pattern complexity. In this review, we highlight the current state-of-the-art in this field with an emphasis on the fabrication of a variety of highly ordered nanostructures based on this technique and their demonstrated applications in light emitting diodes, nano-patterning semiconductors, and localized surface plasmon resonance devices. Finally, we present a perspective on the future development of MCC-based SLPL technique, including a discussion on the improvement of the quality of MCCs and the compatibility of this technique with other semiconductor micromachining process for nanofabrication.
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Liu J, Lalouat L, Drouard E, Orobtchouk R. Binary coded patterns for photon control using necklace problem concept. OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 24:1133-1142. [PMID: 26832497 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.001133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Pseudo-disordered structures enable additional design freedom for photon management. However, the optimization and interpretation is challenging when the large number of degrees of freedom encounters computationally intensive electromagnetic simulation method. Here we propose a novel one-dimensional multi-periodic pattern generation method to help us squeeze the disorder design space before performing rigorous calculation, by making use of the periodic attribute of the pattern. Consequently, thanks to the pre-filtered design space, it typically relieves us from computational burden and enables us to 'globally' optimize and study pseudo-disordered patterns. As an example, we show how this approach can be used to comprehensively optimize and systematically analyze generated disorder for broadband light trapping in thin film.
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Dovzhenko D, Osipov E, Martynov I, Samokhvalov P, Eremin I, Kotkovskii G, Chistyakov A. Porous Silicon Microcavity Modulates the Photoluminescence Spectra of Organic Polymers and Quantum Dots. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2016.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Sabouri H, Huang Y, Ohno K, Perrier S. Silica core-polystyrene shell nanoparticle synthesis and assembly in three dimensions. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:19036-19046. [PMID: 26514087 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr06400g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Monodisperse silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) grafted with well-defined and highly dense polystyrene brushes are used as building blocks for the formation of three-dimensional (3D) colloidal crystals. By adjusting the refractive indices and the density of the hybrid particles with those of mixed solvents, iridescent microcrystals were formed throughout the entire suspension which were characterised by confocal laser microscopy. These core-shell hybrid particles are not charged and the driving force of the crystallization relies on repulsive forces between the polymer brushes with high grafting density. The interparticle distance is correlated to Bragg's Law and can be controlled by manipulating the grafting density and the length of the polymer brushes. Finally, the uniformity of these unique core-shell particles was exploited to generate 3D assemblies by a rapid and simple process based on centrifugation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Sabouri
- Key Centre for Polymers & Colloids, School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Abstract
Typical emitters such as molecules, quantum dots and semiconductor quantum wells have slow spontaneous emission with lifetimes of 1–10 ns, creating a mismatch with high-speed nanoscale optoelectronic devices such as light-emitting diodes, single-photon sources and lasers. Here we experimentally demonstrate an ultrafast (<11 ps) yet efficient source of spontaneous emission, corresponding to an emission rate exceeding 90 GHz, using a hybrid structure of single plasmonic nanopatch antennas coupled to colloidal quantum dots. The antennas consist of silver nanocubes coupled to a gold film separated by a thin polymer spacer layer and colloidal core–shell quantum dots, a stable and technologically relevant emitter. We show an increase in the spontaneous emission rate of a factor of 880 and simultaneously a 2,300-fold enhancement in the total fluorescence intensity, which indicates a high radiative quantum efficiency of ∼50%. The nanopatch antenna geometry can be tuned from the visible to the near infrared, providing a promising approach for nanophotonics based on ultrafast spontaneous emission. Typical emitters such as molecules and quantum dots have slow spontaneous emission with lifetimes of 1–10 ns. Here, Hoang et al. have fabricated a hybrid structure of plasmonic nanopatch antennas coupled to quantum dots, achieving ultrafast spontaneous emission with a lifetime of 11 ps.
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Bougot-Robin K, Talneau A, Benisty H. Low-index nanopatterned barrier for hybrid oxide-free III-V silicon conductive bonding. OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 22:23333-23338. [PMID: 25321802 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.023333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Oxide-free bonding of a III-V active stack emitting at 1300-1600 nm to a silicon-on-insulator wafer offers the capability to electrically inject lasers from the silicon side. However, a typical 500-nm-thick silicon layer notably attracts the fundamental guided mode of the silicon + III-V stack, a detrimental feature compared to established III-V Separate-Confinement Heterostructure (SCH) stacks. We experimentally probe with photoluminescence as an internal light source the guiding behavior for oxide-free bonding to a nanopatterned silicon wafer that acts as a low-index barrier. We use a sub-wavelength square array of small holes as an effective "low-index silicon" medium. It is weakly modulated along one dimension (superperiodic array) to outcouple the resulting guided modes to free space, where we use an angle-resolved spectroscopy study. Analysis of experimental branches confirms the capability to operate with a fundamental mode well localized in the III-V heterostructures.
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Kluge C, Adam J, Barié N, Jakobs PJ, Guttmann M, Gerken M. Multi-periodic nanostructures for photon control. OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 22 Suppl 5:A1363-A1371. [PMID: 25322191 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.0a1363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We propose multi-periodic nanostructures yielded by superposition of multiple binary gratings for wide control over photon emission in thin-film devices. We present wavelength- and angle-resolved photoluminescence measurements of multi-periodically nanostructured organic light-emitting layers. The spectral resonances are determined by the periodicities of the individual gratings. By varying component duty cycles we tune the relative intensity of the main resonance from 12% to 82%. Thus, we achieve simultaneous control over the spectral resonance positions and relative intensities.
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Du C, Wei T, Zheng H, Wang L, Geng C, Yan Q, Wang J, Li J. Size-controllable nanopyramids photonic crystal selectively grown on p-GaN for enhanced light-extraction of light-emitting diodes. OPTICS EXPRESS 2013; 21:25373-25380. [PMID: 24150379 DOI: 10.1364/oe.21.025373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Size-controllable p-GaN hexagonal nanopyramids (HnPs)-photonic crystal (PhC) structures were selectively grown on flat p-GaN layer for the elimination of total internal reflection of light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The LEDs with HnPs-PhC of 46.3% bottom fill factor (PhC lattice constant is 730 nm) showed an improved light output power by 99.9% at forward current of 350 mA compared to the reference LEDs with flat p-GaN layer. We confirmed the effect of HnPs-PhC with different bottom fill factors and the effect of nanopyramid-shaped and nanocolumn-shaped PhC on the light-extraction of LEDs was also investigated by using three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain simulations.
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