1
|
Hu Z, Wang Y, Zhao D. The chemistry and applications of hafnium and cerium(iv) metal-organic frameworks. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:4629-4683. [PMID: 33616126 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00920b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The coordination connection of organic linkers to the metal clusters leads to the formation of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), where the metal clusters and ligands are spatially entangled in a periodic manner. The immense availability of tuneable ligands of different length and functionalities gives rise to robust molecular porosity ranging from several angstroms to nanometres. Among the large family of MOFs, hafnium (Hf) based MOFs have been demonstrated to be highly promising for practical applications due to their unique and outstanding characteristics such as chemical, thermal, and mechanical stability, and acidic nature. Since the report of UiO-66(Hf) and DUT-51(Hf) in 2012, less than 200 Hf-MOFs (ca. 50 types of structures) have been reported. Besides, tetravalent cerium [Ce(iv)] has been proven to be capable of forming similar topological MOF structures to Zr and Hf since its first discovery in 2015. So far, ca. 40 Ce(iv) MOFs with 60% having UiO-66-type structure have been reported. This review will offer a holistic summary of the chemistry, uniqueness, synthesis, and applications of Hf/Ce(iv)-MOFs with a focus on presenting the development in the Hf/Ce(iv)-clusters, topologies, ligand structures, synthetic strategies, and practical applications of Hf/Ce(iv)-MOFs. In the end, we will present the research outlook for the development of Hf/Ce(iv)-MOFs in the future, including fundamental design of Hf/Ce(iv)-clusters, defect engineering, and various applications including membrane development, diversified types of catalytic reactions, irradiation absorption in nuclear waste treatment, water production and wastewater treatment, etc. We will also present the emerging computational approaches coupled with machine-learning algorithms that can be applied in screening Hf and Ce(iv) based MOF structures and identifying the best-performing MOFs for tailor-made applications in future practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Hu
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, 117585, Singapore.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sun Y, Hu Z, Zhao D, Zeng K. Probing nanoscale functionalities of metal-organic framework nanocrystals. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:12163-12169. [PMID: 28805847 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr04245k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Experimental investigation of functional properties of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) at nanoscale precision is challenging and rarely reported. In this study, we report the piezo- and ferroelectric properties of NUS-6 MOF nanocrystals using dual AC resonance tracking piezoresponse force microscopy and piezoresponse force spectroscopy for the first time. Both NUS-6-(Hf) and NUS-6-(Zr) nanocrystals displayed anomalous piezoelectricity with the calculated piezoelectric coefficient dzz constants of 2.0-3.5 pm V-1 and 1.5-2.5 pm V-1, respectively. Moreover, NUS-6-(Hf) showed much better polarization-switching behaviors (ferroelectricity) than NUS-6-(Zr), featured by very low coercive biases in the ferroelectric hysteresis (PR) loop. Furthermore, elasticity and thermal stability of the NUS-6 nanocrystals have been presented. The results have opened a realm of probing piezo- and ferro-electric properties as well as mechanical properties of MOF nanocrystals, which are promising materials for applications in integrated microelectromechanical systems (MEMS).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Sun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117576, Singapore.
| | - Zhigang Hu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore.
| | - Dan Zhao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore.
| | - Kaiyang Zeng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117576, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chikkaraddy R, Patra PP, Tripathi RPN, Dasgupta A, Kumar GVP. Plasmon-controlled excitonic emission from vertically-tapered organic nanowires. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:14803-14808. [PMID: 27444822 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr02699k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Organic molecular nanophotonics has emerged as an important avenue to harness molecular aggregation and crystallization on various functional platforms to obtain nano-optical devices. To this end, there is growing interest to combine organic molecular nanostructures with plasmonic surfaces and interfaces. Motivated by this, herein we introduce a unique geometry: vertically-tapered organic nanowires grown on a plasmonic thin film. A polarization-sensitive plasmon-polariton on a gold thin-film was harnessed to control the exciton-polariton propagation and subsequent photoluminescence from an organic nanowire made of diaminoanthraquinone (DAAQ) molecules. We show that the exciton-polariton emission from individual DAAQ nanowires can be modulated up to a factor of 6 by varying the excitation polarization state of surface plasmons. Our observations were corroborated with full-wave three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain calculations performed on vertically-tapered nanowire geometry. Our work introduces a new optical platform to study coupling between propagating plasmons and propagating excitons, and may have implications in emerging fields such as hybrid-polariton based light emitting devices and vertical-cavity nano-optomechanics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Chikkaraddy
- Photonics and Optical Nanoscopy Laboratory, Department of Physics and Center for Energy Science, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune 411008, India.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang H, Deng W, Huang L, Zhang X, Jie J. Precisely Patterned Growth of Ultra-Long Single-Crystalline Organic Microwire Arrays for Near-Infrared Photodetectors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:7912-7918. [PMID: 26987110 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b12190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Owing to extraordinary properties, small-molecule organic micro/nanocrystals are identified to be prospective system to construct new-generation organic electronic and optoelectronic devices. Alignment and patterning of organic micro/nanocrystals at desired locations are prerequisite for their device applications in practice. Though various methods have been developed to control their directional growth and alignment, high-throughput precise positioning and patterning of the organic micro/nanocrystals at desired locations remains a challenge. Here, we report a photoresist-assisted evaporation method for large-area growth of precisely positioned ultralong methyl-squarylium (MeSq) microwire (MW) arrays. Positions as well as alignment densities of the MWs can be precisely controlled with the aid of the photoresist-template that fabricated by photolithography process. This strategy enables large-scale fabrication of organic MW arrays with nearly the same accuracy, uniformity, and reliability as photolithography. Near-infrared (NIR) photodetectors based on the MeSq MW arrays show excellent photoresponse behavior and are capable of detecting 808 nm light with high stability and reproducibility. The high on/off ratio of 1600 is significantly better than other organic nanostructure-based optical switchers. More importantly, this strategy can be readily extended to other organic molecules, revealing the great potential of photoresist-assisted evaporation method for future high-performance organic optoelectronic devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou , Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Wei Deng
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou , Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Liming Huang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou , Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xiujuan Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou , Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jiansheng Jie
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou , Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tavares L, Cadelano M, Quochi F, Simbrunner C, Schwabegger G, Saba M, Mura A, Bongiovanni G, Filho DADS, da Cunha W, Rubahn HG, Kjelstrup-Hansen J. Efficient Exciton Diffusion and Resonance-Energy Transfer in Multilayered Organic Epitaxial Nanofibers. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2015; 119:15689-15697. [PMID: 26191119 PMCID: PMC4500454 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b02405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Revised: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Multilayered epitaxial nanofibers are exemplary model systems for the study of exciton dynamics and lasing in organic materials because of their well-defined morphology, high luminescence efficiencies, and color tunability. We use temperature-dependent continuous wave and picosecond photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy to quantify exciton diffusion and resonance-energy transfer (RET) processes in multilayered nanofibers consisting of alternating layers of para-hexaphenyl (p6P) and α-sexithiophene (6T) serving as exciton donor and acceptor material, respectively. The high probability for RET processes is confirmed by quantum chemical calculations. The activation energy for exciton diffusion in p6P is determined to be as low as 19 meV, proving p6P epitaxial layers also as a very suitable donor material system. The small activation energy for exciton diffusion of the p6P donor material, the inferred high p6P-to-6T resonance-energy-transfer efficiency, and the observed weak PL temperature dependence of the 6T acceptor material together result in an exceptionally high optical emission performance of this all-organic material system, thus making it well suited, for example, for organic light-emitting devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Tavares
- NanoSYD,
Mads Clausen Institute, University of Southern
Denmark, Alsion 2, DK-6400 Sønderborg, Denmark
| | - Michele Cadelano
- Department
of Physics, University of Cagliari, Complesso Universitario di Monserrato, I-09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Francesco Quochi
- Department
of Physics, University of Cagliari, Complesso Universitario di Monserrato, I-09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Clemens Simbrunner
- Institute
of Semiconductor and Solid State Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, A-4040 Linz, Austria
- Institute
of Solid State Physics, University of Bremen, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Günther Schwabegger
- Institute
of Semiconductor and Solid State Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, A-4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Michele Saba
- Department
of Physics, University of Cagliari, Complesso Universitario di Monserrato, I-09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Andrea Mura
- Department
of Physics, University of Cagliari, Complesso Universitario di Monserrato, I-09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Bongiovanni
- Department
of Physics, University of Cagliari, Complesso Universitario di Monserrato, I-09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | | | - Horst-Günter Rubahn
- NanoSYD,
Mads Clausen Institute, University of Southern
Denmark, Alsion 2, DK-6400 Sønderborg, Denmark
| | - Jakob Kjelstrup-Hansen
- NanoSYD,
Mads Clausen Institute, University of Southern
Denmark, Alsion 2, DK-6400 Sønderborg, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Simesen P, Søndergaard T, Skovsen E, Fiutowski J, Rubahn HG, Bozhevolnyi SI, Pedersen K. Surface plasmon polariton excitation by second harmonic generation in single organic nanofibers. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:16356-16363. [PMID: 26193608 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.016356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Coherent local excitation of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) by second-harmonic generation (SHG) in individual aligned crystalline organic functionalized para-phenylene nanofibers deposited on a thin silver film is demonstrated. The SH-SPP generation is considered theoretically and investigated experimentally with angular-resolved leakage radiation spectroscopy for normal incidence of the excitation beam. Both measurements and simulations show asymmetric excitation of left- and right-propagating SH-SPPs, which is explained as an effect of fiber molecules being oriented at an angle relative to the silver film surface.
Collapse
|