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Romanyukha A, Tolmachev SY. Electron paramagnetic resonance dose measurements in teeth of tissue donors to the United States Transuranium and Uranium Registries. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2023; 199:1578-1585. [PMID: 37721075 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncac261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
The United States Transuranium and Uranium Registries (USTUR) is a research program that studies actinide biokinetics in occupationally exposed individuals with known intakes of these elements. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) in tooth enamel was applied to reconstruct external doses of nine USTUR registrants. Only in two cases there is a reasonable agreement between the EPR-measured dose and the worksite external dose record. For two registrants, high EPR doses can be explained by possible cancer radiotherapy. For the remaining five cases, EPR doses significantly exceed official occupational doses with no plausible explanation for the observed discrepancy. More EPR dose measurements need to be done to explain this anomaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Romanyukha
- Naval Dosimetry Center, 4975 North Palmer Road, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA
| | - S Y Tolmachev
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, 1845 Terminal Drive, Suite 201, Richland, WA 99354, USA
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Hurtado-Bermúdez S, Jurado-González JA, Santos JL, Díaz-Amigo CF, Aparicio I, Más JL, Alonso E. Geographical origin of bivalve molluscs in coastal areas using natural radioactivity fingerprinting and multivariate statistical analyses: Andalusian coast as case of study. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 367:706-714. [PMID: 30658279 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The presence of natural and artificial radionuclides in the marine environment produces the accumulation of radionuclides in bivalve molluscs consumed by humans, and therefore it could result in a radiological hazard. In this study, the activity concentrations of 210Po, 40K, 210Pb and 234Th were determined in different types of bivalve molluscs sampled during the period of May 2014-June 2015, along coastal areas from the Andalusian region (South of Spain), through alpha-particle spectrometry and low-level gamma-ray spectrometry. The activity concentrations of 210Po; 40K; 210Pb and 234Th varied between 40 ± 2 and 515 ± 9 Bq kg-1 dry weight (d.w.); 121 ± 7 and 674 ± 34 Bq kg-1 d.w.; ND (lower than limit of detection) and 73 ± 10 Bq kg-1 d.w.; and ND and 126 ± 27 Bq kg-1 d.w., respectively. The committed effective dose to humans was calculated to range from 41 to 479 μSv year-1. Both activity concentrations and dose levels were comparable to previous studies from other countries. Finally, a multivariate statistical analysis of natural radioactivity content allowed the discrimination between bivalve molluscs from Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Hurtado-Bermúdez
- Servicio de Radioisótopos, Centro de Investigación, Tecnología e Innovación, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Reina Mercedes 4B, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - José Antonio Jurado-González
- Laboratorio de Control de Calidad de los Recursos Pesqueros, Agencia de Gestión Agraria y Pesquera de Andalucía, Ctra. Punta Umbría-Cartaya, km 12., 21459, El Rompido, Huelva, Spain
| | - Juan Luis Santos
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad de Sevilla, C/ Virgen de África 7, 41011 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Carlos Francisco Díaz-Amigo
- Laboratorio de Control de Calidad de los Recursos Pesqueros, Agencia de Gestión Agraria y Pesquera de Andalucía, Ctra. Punta Umbría-Cartaya, km 12., 21459, El Rompido, Huelva, Spain
| | - Irene Aparicio
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad de Sevilla, C/ Virgen de África 7, 41011 Sevilla, Spain
| | - José Luis Más
- Servicio de Radioisótopos, Centro de Investigación, Tecnología e Innovación, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Reina Mercedes 4B, 41012 Sevilla, Spain; Departamento de Física Aplicada I, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Reina Mercedes, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Esteban Alonso
- Servicio de Radioisótopos, Centro de Investigación, Tecnología e Innovación, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Reina Mercedes 4B, 41012 Sevilla, Spain; Departamento de Química Analítica, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad de Sevilla, C/ Virgen de África 7, 41011 Sevilla, Spain.
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Sakamoto T, Morita M, Kanenari K, Tomita H, Sonnenschein V, Saito K, Ohashi M, Kato K, Iguchi T, Kawai T, Okumura T, Satou Y, Wakaida I. Isotope-selective Microscale Imaging of Radioactive Cs without Isobaric Interferences Using Sputtered Neutral Mass Spectrometry with Two-step Resonant Ionization Employing Newly-developed Ti:Sapphire Lasers. ANAL SCI 2018; 34:1265-1270. [PMID: 29984782 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.18p249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The characterization of radionuclides in Fukushima is important to determine their origins and current state in the environment. Radionuclides exist as fine particles and are mixed with other constituents. A measurement method with both micro-imaging capability and highly selective element detection is necessary to analyze these particles. We developed such an imaging technique using a time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry and wavelength-tunable Ti:Sapphire lasers for the resonance ionization of target elements without mass interference. This is called resonant laser ionization sputtered neutral mass spectrometry. The instrument has a high lateral resolution and a higher ionization selectivity using two-step resonance excitation of Cs with two lasers at different wavelengths. Optimization of the wavelength for resonance ionization using a Cs compound was performed, and a real environmental particle containing radioactive Cs was analyzed. Isotope images of three kinds of Cs were successfully obtained without interfere from Ba isotopes for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Kosuke Saito
- Department of Energy Engineering, Nagoya University
| | | | - Kotaro Kato
- Department of Energy Engineering, Nagoya University
| | | | | | | | - Yukihiko Satou
- Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Sciences, Japan Atomic Energy Agency
| | - Ikuo Wakaida
- Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Sciences, Japan Atomic Energy Agency
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Iammarino M, dell’Oro D, Bortone N, Mangiacotti M, Damiano R, Chiaravalle AE. Radiostrontium levels in foodstuffs: 4-Years control activity by Italian reference centre, as a contribution to risk assessment. Food Chem 2016; 210:344-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.04.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Optimisation and Validation of a Multi-matrix Ultrasensible Radiochemical Method for the Determination of Radiostrontium in Solid Foodstuffs by Liquid Scintillation Counting. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-015-0182-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Kılıç Ö, Belivermiş M, Gözel F, Carvalho FP. Radioactivity levels in mussels and sediments of the Golden Horn by the Bosphorus Strait, Marmara Sea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2014; 86:555-561. [PMID: 25023437 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The Golden Horn is an estuary located in the center of İstanbul receiving freshwater discharges from two creeks and connecting to the Bosphorus Strait. Activity concentrations of natural and artificial radionuclides were determined in mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) and sediments from the Golden Horn sampled in February 2012. Mean activity concentrations of (137)Cs, (40)K, (226)Ra, (228)Ra, (210)Po and (210)Pb in the mussels were determined at 1.03±0.23, 389±41.6, 2.61±1.23, not detected (ND), 91.96±37.88 and 11.48±4.85 Bq kg(-1), respectively. In sediments, it was observed that (137)Cs, (40)K, (226)Ra, (228)Ra, (210)Po and (210)Pb activity concentrations in<63 μm particle fraction of sediment were generally higher than those determined in mussels. Po-210 and (210)Po/(210)Pb ratios in mussels from the Golden Horn were much lower than in mussels from other coastal regions and this was related to low plankton productivity and eutrophication of the Golden Horn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Önder Kılıç
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34134 Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Murat Belivermiş
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34134 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Furkan Gözel
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34134 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fernando P Carvalho
- Laboratório de Protecção e Segurança Radiológica, Instituto Superior Técnico/Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, km 139, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
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Radioactive isotope analyses of skeletal materials in forensic science: a review of uses and potential uses. Int J Legal Med 2014; 128:685-98. [DOI: 10.1007/s00414-014-0970-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Wieser A. Review of reconstruction of radiation incident air kerma by measurement of absorbed dose in tooth enamel with EPR. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2012; 149:71-78. [PMID: 22128353 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncr446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Electron paramagnetic resonance dosimetry with tooth enamel has been proved to be a reliable method to determine retrospectively exposures from photon fields with minimal detectable doses of 100 mGy or lower, which is lower than achievable with cytogenetic dose reconstruction methods. For risk assessment or validating dosimetry systems for specific radiation incidents, the relevant dose from the incident has to be calculated from the total absorbed dose in enamel by subtracting additional dose contributions from the radionuclide content in teeth, natural external background radiation and medical exposures. For calculating organ doses or evaluating dosimetry systems the absorbed dose in enamel from a radiation incident has to be converted to air kerma using dose conversion factors depending on the photon energy spectrum and geometry of the exposure scenario. This paper outlines the approach to assess individual dose contributions to absorbed dose in enamel and calculate individual air kerma of a radiation incident from the absorbed dose in tooth enamel.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Wieser
- Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Radiation Protection, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
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St-Amant N, Whyte JC, Rousseau ME, Lariviere D, Kurt Ungar R, Johnson S. Radiostrontium and radium analysis in low-level environmental samples following a multi-stage semi-automated chromatographic sequential separation. Appl Radiat Isot 2011; 69:8-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2010.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2010] [Revised: 07/16/2010] [Accepted: 08/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Wakeford R, Darby SC, Murphy MFG. Temporal trends in childhood leukaemia incidence following exposure to radioactive fallout from atmospheric nuclear weapons testing. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2010; 49:213-227. [PMID: 20309707 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-010-0266-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2009] [Accepted: 01/21/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Notably raised rates of childhood leukaemia incidence have been found near some nuclear installations, in particular Sellafield and Dounreay in the United Kingdom, but risk assessments have concluded that the radiation doses estimated to have been received by children or in utero as a result of operations at these installations are much too small to account for the reported increases in incidence. This has led to speculation that the risk of childhood leukaemia arising from internal exposure to radiation following the intake of radioactive material released from nuclear facilities has been substantially underestimated. The radionuclides discharged from many nuclear installations are similar to those released into the global environment by atmospheric nuclear weapons testing, which was at its height in the late-1950s and early-1960s. Measurements of anthropogenic radionuclides in members of the general public resident in the vicinity of Sellafield and Dounreay have found levels that do not differ greatly from those in persons living remote from nuclear installations that are due to ubiquitous exposure to the radioactive debris of nuclear weapons testing. Therefore, if the leukaemia risk to children resulting from deposition within the body of radioactive material discharged from nuclear facilities has been grossly underestimated, then a pronounced excess of childhood leukaemia would have been expected as a consequence of the short period of intense atmospheric weapons testing. We have examined childhood leukaemia incidence in 11 large-scale cancer registries in three continents for which data were available at least as early as 1962. We found no evidence of a wave of excess cases corresponding to the peak of radioactive fallout from atmospheric weapons testing. The absence of a discernible increase in the incidence of childhood leukaemia following the period of maximum exposure to the radioactive debris of this testing weighs heavily against the suggestion that conventional methods are seriously in error when assessing the risk of childhood leukaemia from exposure to man-made radionuclides released from nuclear installations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Wakeford
- Dalton Nuclear Institute, The University of Manchester, Pariser Building, G Floor, Sackville Street, PO Box 88, Manchester, M60 1QD, UK.
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