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Shin HS, Velasco M, Diaz MA. A practical stress-based test method for evaluating reversible stress limit for critical current degradation in rare-earth barium copper oxide (REBCO) tapes. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2023; 94:103902. [PMID: 37819205 DOI: 10.1063/5.0153364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The superior electromechanical properties of second-generation high-temperature superconducting rare-earth barium copper oxide (REBCO) coated conductor tapes make them viable candidates for high magnetic field applications. To characterize their electromechanical properties (EMPs) under operating conditions, the critical current degradation behavior of the REBCO tapes should be evaluated. Conventional evaluation methods for EMPs usually rely on a strain-based test method that utilizes an extensometer to measure the deformation induced on the coated conductor tape. This study aims to establish a practical stress-based test method that determines the reversible stress limit for critical current (Ic) degradation in REBCO tapes without using extensometers under uniaxial tension. For an efficient test procedure, Ic measurements were initially performed with broad stress intervals and then changed to narrow stress intervals before the critical current degraded irreversibly. Four commercially available REBCO tape samples were used to validate the reliability of the proposed stress-based test method. It was then assessed by comparing them with those obtained using the conventional strain-based test method. Statistical estimations were used to determine the reproducibility of the results. These results provide a basis for an international round-robin test guideline to establish a test method for measuring the electromechanical properties of high-temperature superconducting tapes at cryogenic temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Seop Shin
- Department of Mechanical Design Engineering, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Republic of Korea
| | - Madelene Velasco
- Department of Mechanical Design Engineering, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Republic of Korea
- College of Engineering and Architecture, Bataan Peninsula State University, Balanga 2100, Philippines
| | - Mark Angelo Diaz
- Department of Mechanical Design Engineering, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Republic of Korea
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2
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Zhou YH, Liu C, Shen L, Zhang X. Probing of the internal damage morphology in multilayered high-temperature superconducting wires. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3110. [PMID: 34035296 PMCID: PMC8149865 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23487-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The second generation HTS wires have been used in many superconducting components of electrical engineering after they were fabricated. New challenge what we face to is how the damages occur in such wires with multi-layer structure under both mechanical and extreme environment, which also dominates their quality. In this work, a macroscale technique combined a real-time magneto-optical imaging with a cryogenic uniaxial-tensile loading system was established to investigate the damage behavior accompanied with magnetic flux evolution. Under a low speed of tensile strain, it was found that the local magnetic flux moves gradually to form intermittent multi-stack spindle penetrations, which corresponds to the cracks initiated from substrate and extend along both tape thickness and width directions, where the amorphous phases at the tip of cracks were also observed. The obtained results reveal the mechanism of damage formation and provide a potential orientation for improving mechanical quality of these wires.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-He Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China attached to the Ministry of Education of China, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, PR China.,Department of Mechanics and Engineering Sciences, College of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, PR China
| | - Cong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China attached to the Ministry of Education of China, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, PR China.,Department of Mechanics and Engineering Sciences, College of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, PR China
| | - Lei Shen
- Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China attached to the Ministry of Education of China, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, PR China.,Department of Mechanics and Engineering Sciences, College of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, PR China
| | - Xingyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China attached to the Ministry of Education of China, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, PR China. .,Department of Mechanics and Engineering Sciences, College of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, PR China.
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3
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Abstract
Superconducting materials hold great potential to bring radical changes for electric power and high-field magnet technology, enabling high-efficiency electric power generation, high-capacity loss-less electric power transmission, small lightweight electrical equipment, high-speed maglev transportation, ultra-strong magnetic field generation for high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) systems, future advanced high energy particle accelerators, nuclear fusion reactors, and so on. The performance, economy, and operating parameters (temperatures and magnetic fields) of these applications strongly depend on the electromagnetic and mechanical properties, as well as the manufacturing and material cost of superconductors. This perspective examines the basic properties relevant to practical applications and key issues of wire fabrication for practical superconducting materials, and describes their challenges and current state in practical applications. Finally, future perspectives for their opportunities and development in the applications of superconducting power and magnetic technologies are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Superconductivity, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Yanwei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Applied Superconductivity, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
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4
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Antončík F, Jankovský O, Hlásek T, Bartůněk V. Nanosized Pinning Centers in the Rare Earth-Barium-Copper-Oxide Thin-Film Superconductors. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10081429. [PMID: 32707997 PMCID: PMC7466701 DOI: 10.3390/nano10081429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Since the discovery of high-temperature superconductivity, significant progress in the fabrication of REBCO-based (Rare Earth Barium Copper mixed Oxides) thin-films superconductors has been achieved. In our review, we described the approaches and possibilities of the improvement of superconducting properties by the introduction of nanosized pinning centers. We focused on the synthesis and viability of the material for artificial pinning centers and methods used for the introduction of the pinning centers into superconducting REBCO-based thin-films. This article summarizes available materials and procedures regardless of the financial cost of the individual method. According to available literature, the most significant superconducting REBCO tapes can be obtained when a combination of 1D and 0D nanoparticles are used for nanoscale pinning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Antončík
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (F.A.); (O.J.); (T.H.)
| | - Ondřej Jankovský
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (F.A.); (O.J.); (T.H.)
| | - Tomáš Hlásek
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (F.A.); (O.J.); (T.H.)
- CAN SUPERCONDUCTORS s.r.o., Ringhofferova 66, 251 68 Kamenice, Czech Republic
| | - Vilém Bartůněk
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (F.A.); (O.J.); (T.H.)
- Correspondence:
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5
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Kim J, Kim Y, Yoon S, Shin K, Lee J, Jung JS, Lee JT, Kim JG, Kim D, Yoo J, Lee H, Moon SH, Hahn S. Design, construction, and operation of an 18 T 70 mm no-insulation (RE)Ba 2Cu 3O 7-x magnet for an axion haloscope experiment. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2020; 91:023314. [PMID: 32113426 DOI: 10.1063/1.5124432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report the design, construction, and operation results of an 18 T 70 mm cold-bore high temperature superconductor (HTS) no-insulation (NI) magnet, which is developed for an axion haloscope experiment. The magnet consists of 44 double-pancake coils wound with multi-width and multi-thickness REBa2Cu3O7-x (RE = rare earth) tapes. Owing to the NI feature, the magnet is highly compact; is 162 mm in outer diameter and 476 mm tall; and provides an environment of 0.22 T2 m3 within the cold-bore target space of 66 mm in diameter and 200 mm in length. After an initial performance test at SuNAM Co. Ltd., the magnet was installed at the Center for Axion and Precision Physics Research (CAPP) of the Institute for Basic Science in Daejeon, South Korea, in August 2017. The magnet has been successfully operating at the CAPP since then, except for maintenance in October 2018. The magnet may represent the first high field HTS user magnet that experienced long-term operation of over one year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaemin Kim
- SuNAM, 52 Seungnyang-gil, Wongok-myeon, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 17554, South Korea
| | - Yungil Kim
- SuNAM, 52 Seungnyang-gil, Wongok-myeon, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 17554, South Korea
| | - Sangwon Yoon
- SuNAM, 52 Seungnyang-gil, Wongok-myeon, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 17554, South Korea
| | - Kanghwan Shin
- SuNAM, 52 Seungnyang-gil, Wongok-myeon, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 17554, South Korea
| | - Junghun Lee
- SuNAM, 52 Seungnyang-gil, Wongok-myeon, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 17554, South Korea
| | - Jong Seop Jung
- SuNAM, 52 Seungnyang-gil, Wongok-myeon, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 17554, South Korea
| | - Jung Tae Lee
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Jin-Geun Kim
- Center for Axion and Precision Physics Research, Institute for Basic Science, 193 Munji-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34051, South Korea
| | - Donglak Kim
- Center for Axion and Precision Physics Research, Institute for Basic Science, 193 Munji-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34051, South Korea
| | - Jonghee Yoo
- Center for Axion and Precision Physics Research, Institute for Basic Science, 193 Munji-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34051, South Korea
| | - Hunju Lee
- SuNAM, 52 Seungnyang-gil, Wongok-myeon, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 17554, South Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Moon
- SuNAM, 52 Seungnyang-gil, Wongok-myeon, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 17554, South Korea
| | - Seungyong Hahn
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea
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6
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Schael S, Atanasyan A, Berdugo J, Bretz T, Czupalla M, Dachwald B, von Doetinchem P, Duranti M, Gast H, Karpinski W, Kirn T, Lübelsmeyer K, Maña C, Marrocchesi PS, Mertsch P, Moskalenko IV, Schervan T, Schluse M, Schröder KU, Schultz von Dratzig A, Senatore C, Spies L, Wakely SP, Wlochal M, Uglietti D, Zimmermann J. AMS-100: The Next Generation Magnetic Spectrometer in Space - An International Science Platform for Physics and Astrophysics at Lagrange Point 2. NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH. SECTION A, ACCELERATORS, SPECTROMETERS, DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT 2019; 944:162561. [PMID: 34646055 PMCID: PMC8506902 DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2019.162561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The next generation magnetic spectrometer in space, AMS-100, is designed to have a geometrical acceptance of 100 m2 sr and to be operated for at least ten years at the Sun-Earth Lagrange Point 2. Compared to existing experiments, it will improve the sensitivity for the observation of new phenomena in cosmic rays, and in particular in cosmic antimatter, by at least a factor of 1000. The magnet design is based on high temperature superconductor tapes, which allow the construction of a thin solenoid with a homogeneous magnetic field of 1 Tesla inside. The inner volume is instrumented with a silicon tracker reaching a maximum detectable rigidity of 100 TV and a calorimeter system that is 70 radiation lengths deep, equivalent to four nuclear interaction lengths, which extends the energy reach for cosmic-ray nuclei up to the PeV scale, i.e. beyond the cosmic-ray knee. Covering most of the sky continuously, AMS-100 will detect high-energy gamma rays in the calorimeter system and by pair conversion in the thin solenoid, reconstructed with excellent angular resolution in the silicon tracker.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Schael
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Sommerfeldstr. 14, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - A. Atanasyan
- Institut für Mensch-Maschine-Interaktion, RWTH Aachen University, Ahornstr. 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - J. Berdugo
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Av. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - T. Bretz
- III. Physikalisches Institut A, RWTH Aachen University, Sommerfeldstr. 14, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - M. Czupalla
- Fachbereich Luft- und Raumfahrttechnik, Fachhochschule Aachen, Hohenstaufenallee 6, 52064 Aachen, Germany
| | - B. Dachwald
- Fachbereich Luft- und Raumfahrttechnik, Fachhochschule Aachen, Hohenstaufenallee 6, 52064 Aachen, Germany
| | - P. von Doetinchem
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, 96822, U.S.A
| | - M. Duranti
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - H. Gast
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Sommerfeldstr. 14, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - W. Karpinski
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Sommerfeldstr. 14, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - T. Kirn
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Sommerfeldstr. 14, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - K. Lübelsmeyer
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Sommerfeldstr. 14, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - C. Maña
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Av. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - P. S. Marrocchesi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena and INFN Sezione di Pisa, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - P. Mertsch
- Institut für Theoretische Teilchenphysik und Kosmologie, RWTH Aachen University, Sommerfeldstr. 14, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - I. V. Moskalenko
- W.W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, U.S.A
| | - T. Schervan
- Institut für Strukturmechanik und Leichtbau, RWTH Aachen University, Wüllnerstr. 7, 52062 Aachen, Germany
| | - M. Schluse
- Institut für Mensch-Maschine-Interaktion, RWTH Aachen University, Ahornstr. 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - K.-U. Schröder
- Institut für Strukturmechanik und Leichtbau, RWTH Aachen University, Wüllnerstr. 7, 52062 Aachen, Germany
| | - A. Schultz von Dratzig
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Sommerfeldstr. 14, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - C. Senatore
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, Université de Genève, 24 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - L. Spies
- Fachbereich Luft- und Raumfahrttechnik, Fachhochschule Aachen, Hohenstaufenallee 6, 52064 Aachen, Germany
| | - S. P. Wakely
- Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, U.S.A
| | - M. Wlochal
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Sommerfeldstr. 14, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - D. Uglietti
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Swiss Plasma Center (SPC), 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - J. Zimmermann
- Institut für Strukturmechanik und Leichtbau, RWTH Aachen University, Wüllnerstr. 7, 52062 Aachen, Germany
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7
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Sadovskyy IA, Koshelev AE, Kwok WK, Welp U, Glatz A. Targeted evolution of pinning landscapes for large superconducting critical currents. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:10291-10296. [PMID: 30962373 PMCID: PMC6535004 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1817417116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of type II superconductors to carry large amounts of current at high magnetic fields is a key requirement for future design innovations in high-field magnets for accelerators and compact fusion reactors, and largely depends on the vortex pinning landscape comprised of material defects. The complex interaction of vortices with defects that can be grown chemically, e.g., self-assembled nanoparticles and nanorods, or introduced by postsynthesis particle irradiation precludes a priori prediction of the critical current and can result in highly nontrivial effects on the critical current. Here, we borrow concepts from biological evolution to create a vortex pinning genome based on a genetic algorithm, naturally evolving the pinning landscape to accommodate vortex pinning and determine the best possible configuration of inclusions for two different scenarios: a natural evolution process initiating from a pristine system and one starting with preexisting defects to demonstrate the potential for a postprocessing approach to enhance critical currents. Furthermore, the presented approach is even more general and can be adapted to address various other targeted material optimization problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan A Sadovskyy
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439
| | - Alexei E Koshelev
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439
| | - Wai-Kwong Kwok
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439
| | - Ulrich Welp
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439
| | - Andreas Glatz
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439;
- Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115
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8
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Shimizu Y, Tonooka K, Yoshida Y, Furuse M, Takashima H. Growth and superconductivity of niobium titanium alloy thin films on strontium titanate (001) single-crystal substrates for superconducting joints. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15135. [PMID: 30310173 PMCID: PMC6181932 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33442-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Aiming to introduce NbTi alloy superconducting joints for REBa2Cu3O7-δ (REBCO, RE: rare-earth element) superconducting wires, NbTi alloy thin films were deposited at room temperature on SrTiO3 (STO) (001) single-crystal substrates, which have a high lattice matching with REBCO (001). The strain, crystallinity, surface morphology, and superconducting property of the films with various thicknesses were investigated. The NbTi films grew in the orientation with (110)NbTi//(001)STO:[001]NbTi and [11-0] NbTi//[100]STO; that is, the NbTi lattices had two directions in the (110) of NbTi. The strain decreased and the crystallinity improved as the film thickness increased. The films were found to crystallize immediately at the interface between the films and substrates by cross-sectional scanning transmission electron microscopy. The flat surfaces of the films have mesh-like morphologies due to the growth of elongated NbTi grains along the [100] and [010] of the STO, reflecting the in-plane two directions of the NbTi lattices. The superconducting transition temperature of the films increased with improvement in the crystallinity of the films. The preparation of superconducting NbTi alloy thin films with sufficient crystallinity at room temperature suggested the possibility of forming the films on REBCO and the applicability of the films as superconducting joints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhei Shimizu
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 2, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8568, Japan.
- National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 3, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8563, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiko Tonooka
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 2, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8568, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Yoshida
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 2, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8568, Japan
| | - Mitsuho Furuse
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 2, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8568, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takashima
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 2, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8568, Japan.
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9
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Conceptual magnet design study for fusion nuclear science facility. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2017.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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Yu D, Liu H, Zhang X, Gong T. Critical Current Simulation and Measurement of Second Generation, High-Temperature Superconducting Coil under External Magnetic Field. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 11:E339. [PMID: 29495386 PMCID: PMC5872918 DOI: 10.3390/ma11030339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This paper studies the critical current of second generation, high temperature superconducting coils under an external magnetic field experimentally and numerically. Two identical coils with different coated conductors are fabricated and tested under a direct current (DC) magnetic field along the axis of the coil. Then, a numerical model in cylindrical coordinates based on a sheet current model is built by taking the measured magnetic field dependency to analyze the current distribution and magnetic field distribution. The simulated critical currents of the coils under the DC magnetic field have good agreement with the measured results. We find that under the in-phase field, the critical current decreases as the magnetic field in the innermost turn is enhanced by the external field. Meanwhile, the anti-phase external field increases the critical current a bit at first, then decreases the critical current. We further discuss the critical current criteria of the coils, showing that the parallel field plays a more important role in critical current determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmin Yu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, China.
| | - Huanan Liu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, China.
| | - Xinhe Zhang
- China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing 100192, China.
| | - Taorong Gong
- China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing 100192, China.
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11
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Xu A, Zhang Y, Gharahcheshmeh MH, Yao Y, Galstyan E, Abraimov D, Kametani F, Polyanskii A, Jaroszynski J, Griffin V, Majkic G, Larbalestier DC, Selvamanickam V. J e (4.2 K, 31.2 T) beyond 1 kA/mm 2 of a ~3.2 μm thick, 20 mol% Zr-added MOCVD REBCO coated conductor. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6853. [PMID: 28761173 PMCID: PMC5537340 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06881-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A main challenge that significantly impedes REBa2Cu3Ox (RE = rare earth) coated conductor applications is the low engineering critical current density J e because of the low superconductor fill factor in a complicated layered structure that is crucial for REBa2Cu3Ox to carry supercurrent. Recently, we have successfully achieved engineering critical current density beyond 2.0 kA/mm2 at 4.2 K and 16 T, by growing thick REBa2Cu3Ox layer, from ∼1.0 μm up to ∼3.2 μm, as well as controlling the pinning microstructure. Such high engineering critical current density, the highest value ever observed so far, establishes the essential role of REBa2Cu3Ox coated conductors for very high field magnet applications. We attribute such excellent performance to the dense c-axis self-assembled BaZrO3 nanorods, the elimination of large misoriented grains, and the suppression of big second phase particles in this ~3.2 μm thick REBa2Cu3Ox film.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Xu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, the Texas Center for Superconductivity, and Advanced Manufacturing Institute, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, the Texas Center for Superconductivity, and Advanced Manufacturing Institute, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - M Heydari Gharahcheshmeh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, the Texas Center for Superconductivity, and Advanced Manufacturing Institute, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Y Yao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, the Texas Center for Superconductivity, and Advanced Manufacturing Institute, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - E Galstyan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, the Texas Center for Superconductivity, and Advanced Manufacturing Institute, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - D Abraimov
- Applied Superconductivity Center, National High Magnet Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA
| | - F Kametani
- Applied Superconductivity Center, National High Magnet Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA
| | - A Polyanskii
- Applied Superconductivity Center, National High Magnet Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA
| | - J Jaroszynski
- Applied Superconductivity Center, National High Magnet Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA
| | - V Griffin
- Applied Superconductivity Center, National High Magnet Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA
| | - G Majkic
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, the Texas Center for Superconductivity, and Advanced Manufacturing Institute, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - D C Larbalestier
- Applied Superconductivity Center, National High Magnet Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA
| | - V Selvamanickam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, the Texas Center for Superconductivity, and Advanced Manufacturing Institute, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
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12
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Godeke A, Abraimov DV, Arroyo E, Barret N, Bird MD, Francis A, Jaroszynski J, Kurteva DV, Markiewicz WD, Marks EL, Marshall WS, McRae DM, Noyes PD, Pereira RCP, Viouchkov YL, Walsh RP, White JM. A Feasibility Study of High-Strength Bi-2223 Conductor for High-Field Solenoids. SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 30:035011. [PMID: 28360455 PMCID: PMC5367628 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6668/aa5582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We performed a feasibility study on a high-strength Bi2-x Pb x Sr2Ca2Cu3O10-x (Bi-2223) tape conductor for high-field solenoid applications. The investigated conductor, DI-BSCCO Type HT-XX, is a pre-production version of Type HT-NX, which has recently become available from Sumitomo Electric Industries (SEI). It is based on their DI-BSCCO Type H tape, but laminated with a high-strength Ni-alloy. We used stress-strain characterizations, single- and double-bend tests, easy- and hard-way bent coil-turns at various radii, straight and helical samples in up to 31.2 T background field, and small 20-turn coils in up to 17 T background field to systematically determine the electro-mechanical limits in magnet-relevant conditions. In longitudinal tensile tests at 77 K, we found critical stress- and strain-levels of 516 MPa and 0.57%, respectively. In three decidedly different experiments we detected an amplification of the allowable strain with a combination of pure bending and Lorentz loading to ≥ 0.92% (calculated elastically at the outer tape edge). This significant strain level, and the fact that it is multi-filamentary conductor and available in the reacted and insulated state, makes DI-BSCCO HT-NX highly suitable for very high-field solenoids, for which high current densities and therefore high loads are required to retain manageable magnet dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Godeke
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 31310, USA,
| | - D V Abraimov
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 31310, USA,
| | - E Arroyo
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 31310, USA,
| | - N Barret
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 31310, USA,
| | - M D Bird
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 31310, USA,
| | - A Francis
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 31310, USA,
| | - J Jaroszynski
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 31310, USA,
| | - D V Kurteva
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 31310, USA,
| | - W D Markiewicz
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 31310, USA,
| | - E L Marks
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 31310, USA,
| | - W S Marshall
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 31310, USA,
| | - D M McRae
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 31310, USA,
| | - P D Noyes
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 31310, USA,
| | - R C P Pereira
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 31310, USA,
| | - Y L Viouchkov
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 31310, USA,
| | - R P Walsh
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 31310, USA,
| | - J M White
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 31310, USA,
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13
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Kwok WK, Welp U, Glatz A, Koshelev AE, Kihlstrom KJ, Crabtree GW. Vortices in high-performance high-temperature superconductors. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2016; 79:116501. [PMID: 27652716 DOI: 10.1088/0034-4885/79/11/116501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The behavior of vortex matter in high-temperature superconductors (HTS) controls the entire electromagnetic response of the material, including its current carrying capacity. Here, we review the basic concepts of vortex pinning and its application to a complex mixed pinning landscape to enhance the critical current and to reduce its anisotropy. We focus on recent scientific advances that have resulted in large enhancements of the in-field critical current in state-of-the-art second generation (2G) YBCO coated conductors and on the prospect of an isotropic, high-critical current superconductor in the iron-based superconductors. Lastly, we discuss an emerging new paradigm of critical current by design-a drive to achieve a quantitative correlation between the observed critical current density and mesoscale mixed pinning landscapes by using realistic input parameters in an innovative and powerful large-scale time dependent Ginzburg-Landau approach to simulating vortex dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai-Kwong Kwok
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
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14
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Liu W, Zhang X, Liu C, Zhang W, Zhou J, Zhou Y. A visualization instrument to investigate the mechanical-electro properties of high temperature superconducting tapes under multi-fields. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2016; 87:075106. [PMID: 27475594 DOI: 10.1063/1.4955443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We construct a visible instrument to study the mechanical-electro behaviors of high temperature superconducting tape as a function of magnetic field, strain, and temperature. This apparatus is directly cooled by a commercial Gifford-McMahon cryocooler. The minimum temperature of sample can be 8.75 K. A proportion integration differentiation temperature control is used, which is capable of producing continuous variation of specimen temperature from 8.75 K to 300 K with an optional temperature sweep rate. We use an external loading device to stretch the superconducting tape quasi-statically with the maximum tension strain of 20%. A superconducting magnet manufactured by the NbTi strand is applied to provide magnetic field up to 5 T with a homogeneous range of 110 mm. The maximum fluctuation of the magnetic field is less than 1%. We design a kind of superconducting lead composed of YBa2Cu3O7-x coated conductor and beryllium copper alloy (BeCu) to transfer DC to the superconducting sample with the maximum value of 600 A. Most notably, this apparatus allows in situ observation of the electromagnetic property of superconducting tape using the classical magnetic-optical imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China Attached to the Ministry of Education of China, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China and Department of Mechanics and Engineering Sciences, College of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China Attached to the Ministry of Education of China, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China and Department of Mechanics and Engineering Sciences, College of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China Attached to the Ministry of Education of China, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China and Department of Mechanics and Engineering Sciences, College of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wentao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China Attached to the Ministry of Education of China, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China and Department of Mechanics and Engineering Sciences, College of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China Attached to the Ministry of Education of China, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China and Department of Mechanics and Engineering Sciences, College of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - YouHe Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China Attached to the Ministry of Education of China, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China and Department of Mechanics and Engineering Sciences, College of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
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Lécrevisse T, Iwasa Y. A (RE)BCO Pancake Winding With Metal-as-Insulation. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY : A PUBLICATION OF THE IEEE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY COMMITTEE 2016; 26:4700405. [PMID: 33132669 PMCID: PMC7596749 DOI: 10.1109/tasc.2016.2522638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we report preliminary experimental results on protection study of two REBCO pancake coils based on the metal-as-insulation (MI) winding technique, a variant of the no-insulation (NI) winding technique, in which a metallic tape is cowound. Against the more-proven NI technique, our results demonstrate that the MI technique, too, is quite viable for HTS pancake coils with the following features: 1) nearly self-protecting;2) significantly smaller charging-delay time constant; and 3) better control of coil parameters. It also permits stable operation at 97% of a quench current. We present 77-K results of NI and MI pancakes: first, comparing the advantages and drawbacks of the two winding techniques and, second, dealing with stability and quench parameters. Finally, using a simple circuit model, we quantitatively show that metallic tape thickness has little detrimental effect on the self-protecting feature of the MI pancakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibault Lécrevisse
- Service des Accélérateurs, de Cryogénie et de Magnétisme, Institut de Recherche sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies Alternatives, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Yukikazu Iwasa
- Francis Bitter Magnet Laboratory, Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
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Piao R, Iguchi S, Hamada M, Matsumoto S, Suematsu H, Saito AT, Li J, Nakagome H, Takao T, Takahashi M, Maeda H, Yanagisawa Y. High resolution NMR measurements using a 400MHz NMR with an (RE)Ba2Cu3O7-x high-temperature superconducting inner coil: Towards a compact super-high-field NMR. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2016; 263:164-171. [PMID: 26778351 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2015.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Use of high-temperature superconducting (HTS) inner coils in combination with conventional low-temperature superconducting (LTS) outer coils for an NMR magnet, i.e. a LTS/HTS NMR magnet, is a suitable option to realize a high-resolution NMR spectrometer with operating frequency >1GHz. From the standpoint of creating a compact magnet, (RE: Rare earth) Ba2Cu3O7-x (REBCO) HTS inner coils which can tolerate a strong hoop stress caused by a Lorentz force are preferred. However, in our previous work on a first-generation 400MHz LTS/REBCO NMR magnet, the NMR resolution and sensitivity were about ten times worse than that of a conventional LTS NMR magnet. The result was caused by a large field inhomogeneity in the REBCO coil itself and the shielding effect of a screening current induced in that coil. In the present paper, we describe the operation of a modified 400MHz LTS/REBCO NMR magnet with an advanced field compensation technology using a combination of novel ferromagnetic shimming and an appropriate procedure for NMR spectrum line shape optimization. We succeeded in obtaining a good NMR line shape and 2D NOESY spectrum for a lysozyme aqueous sample. We believe that this technology is indispensable for the realization of a compact super-high-field high-resolution NMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Piao
- Center for Life Science Technologies, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan; Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 236-8522, Japan
| | - S Iguchi
- Center for Life Science Technologies, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan; Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, Yotsuya 102-8554, Japan
| | - M Hamada
- Japan Superconductor Technology, Inc., Kobe, Hyogo 651-2271, Japan
| | - S Matsumoto
- Superconducting Wire Unit, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba 305-0003, Japan
| | - H Suematsu
- JEOL RESONANCE Inc., Akishima, Tokyo 196-8558, Japan
| | - A T Saito
- Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 236-8522, Japan
| | - J Li
- Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 236-8522, Japan
| | - H Nakagome
- Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 236-8522, Japan
| | - T Takao
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, Yotsuya 102-8554, Japan
| | - M Takahashi
- Center for Life Science Technologies, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - H Maeda
- Center for Life Science Technologies, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Y Yanagisawa
- Center for Life Science Technologies, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan; Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 236-8522, Japan.
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17
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Shin HS, Gorospe AB, Dedicatoria MJ. Note: Effective anvil size for transverse delamination test of rare-earth-Ba₂Cu₃Oy coated conductor tapes. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2015; 86:106112. [PMID: 26521009 DOI: 10.1063/1.4934572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In coated conductor (CC) tapes used in magnet and coil applications, delamination due to excessive transverse tensile stresses is still one of the major issues that need considerations. Recently, several methods in evaluating the delamination strength of CC tapes are being used. In the case of anvil test, size of the anvils will be an important factor considering its applications (i.e., superconducting coil impregnation). In this study, delamination strength of CC tape was examined using different upper anvil sizes and their effects were discussed. Finally, reasonable sizes of upper anvil to be used were proposed considering the application conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Seop Shin
- Department of Mechanical Design and System Engineering, Andong National University, Andong 760-749, South Korea
| | - Alking B Gorospe
- Department of Mechanical Design and System Engineering, Andong National University, Andong 760-749, South Korea
| | - Marlon J Dedicatoria
- Department of Mechanical Design and System Engineering, Andong National University, Andong 760-749, South Korea
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