1
|
Veloz Martínez I, Ek JI, Ahn EC, Sustaita AO. Molecularly imprinted polymers via reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer synthesis in sensing and environmental applications. RSC Adv 2022; 12:9186-9201. [PMID: 35424874 PMCID: PMC8985154 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra00232a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) have shown their potential as artificial and selective receptors for environmental monitoring. These materials can be tailor-made to achieve a specific binding event with a template through a chosen mechanism. They are capable of emulating the recognition capacity of biological receptors with superior stability and versatility of integration in sensing platforms. Commonly, these polymers are produced by traditional free radical bulk polymerization (FRP) which may not be the most suitable for enhancing the intended properties due to the poor imprinting performance. To improve the imprinting technique and the polymer capabilities, controlled/living radical polymerization (CRP) has been used to overcome the main drawbacks of FRP. Combining CRP techniques such as RAFT (reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer) with MIP has achieved higher selectivity, sensitivity, and sorption capacity of these polymers when implemented as the transductor element in sensors. The present work focuses on RAFT-MIP design and synthesis strategies to enhance the binding affinities and their implementation in environmental contaminant sensing applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irvin Veloz Martínez
- School of Engineering and Science, Tecnologico de Monterrey Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Monterrey N.L. 64849 Mexico
| | - Jackeline Iturbe Ek
- School of Engineering and Science, Tecnologico de Monterrey Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Monterrey N.L. 64849 Mexico
| | - Ethan C Ahn
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - Alan O Sustaita
- School of Engineering and Science, Tecnologico de Monterrey Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Monterrey N.L. 64849 Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Matindoust S, Farzi G, Nejad MB, Shahrokhabadi MH. Polymer-based gas sensors to detect meat spoilage: A review. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2021.104962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
3
|
Phasuksom K, Prissanaroon-Ouajai W, Sirivat A. A highly responsive methanol sensor based on graphene oxide/polyindole composites. RSC Adv 2020; 10:15206-15220. [PMID: 35495439 PMCID: PMC9052212 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra00158a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphene-based materials, namely commercial graphene (cm-G), commercial graphene oxide (cm-GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and synthesized graphene oxide (OIHM-GO), and their composites with polyindole (PIn) were used as sensing materials for methanol vapor. The synthesized graphene oxide was prepared by the optimized improved Hummers' method. rGO was prepared from cm-GO by two different methods: thermally mild reduction at 120 °C to yield T-rGO and chemical reduction by ascorbic acid to yield C-rGO. Graphene-based material/polyindole composites were prepared by in situ polymerization. In this report, the sensing responses were evaluated from the responsive electrical currents at room temperature. cm-GO showed the highest methanol response because it possessed the highest number of oxygen species, which act as the active sites. The relative electrical conductivity response of the in situ cm-GO/dPIn composite to methanol was the highest amongst the composites. The in situ OIHM-GO/dPIn composite possessed the high relative conductivity response of 81.89 ± 2.12 at 11.36 ppm, a sensitivity of 7.37 ppm−1 with R2 of 0.9967 in the methanol concentration range of 1.14–11.36 ppm, a theoretical LOD of 0.015 ppm, and repeatability of at least 4 cycles with good selectivity. This work represents the first report of the preparation and testing of graphene-based materials/polyindole composites as methanol sensors. The methanol response depended on the hydrophilicity of the composite materials; GO/dPIn demonstrated the highest oxygen content and the highest hydrophilicity, thus inducing high methanol adsorption into the inner layer of the composite.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katesara Phasuksom
- Conductivity and Electroactive Polymers Research Unit
- The Petroleum and Petrochemical College
- Chulalongkorn University
- Bangkok
- Thailand
| | | | - Anuvat Sirivat
- Conductivity and Electroactive Polymers Research Unit
- The Petroleum and Petrochemical College
- Chulalongkorn University
- Bangkok
- Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Multifunctional Carbon Nanotubes Enhanced Structural Composites with Improved Toughness and Damage Monitoring. JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/jcs3040109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The potential of carbon nanotubes (CNT) as multifunctional filler in poly(epoxy)-based structural composites has been investigated. In a first step the reinforcement effect of CNT has been studied by tensile and three points bending tests, which evidenced significant improvements of stress and strain at break (respectively +17% and +30% for tensile tests on unidirectional carbon fibre-epoxy composites). Moreover, fracture experiments have also revealed a positive effect of CNT on the toughness (G1c) of carbon fibres-epoxy composites (+105% of improvement at the initial stage). In a second step, the health monitoring capability quantum resistive strain sensors (sQRS) made of CNT filled epoxy nanocomposite, incorporated in the core of glass fibres-epoxy composites has been studied. It was shown that during cyclic tensile tests, following the evolution of the relative resistance amplitude (Ar) of sQRS with strain gives a pertinent information on non-reversible phenomena such as plastic deformation and cracks’ development within the composite. In particular, the evolution of the sQRS sensitivity (gauge factor GF) under and over the elastic limit, allows to track damage accumulation throughout the composite. These results suggest a possible use of sQRS for the structural health monitoring (SHM) of composites in fields such as boating, wind energy, aeronautics and automotive.
Collapse
|
5
|
Ballen SC, Graboski AM, Manzoli A, Steffens J, Steffens C. Monitoring Aroma Release in Gummy Candies During The Storage Using Electronic Nose. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-019-01496-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
6
|
Bertoni C, Naclerio P, Viviani E, Dal Zilio S, Carrato S, Fraleoni-Morgera A. Nanostructured P3HT as a Promising SensingElement for Real-Time, Dynamic Detection ofGaseous Acetone. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19061296. [PMID: 30875845 PMCID: PMC6471540 DOI: 10.3390/s19061296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The dynamic response of gas sensors based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) nanofibers (NFs) to gaseous acetone was assessed using a setup based on flow-injection analysis, aimed at emulating actual breath exhalation. The setup was validated by using a commercially available sensor. The P3HT NFs sensors tested in dynamic flow conditions showed satisfactory reproducibility down to about 3.5 ppm acetone concentration, a linear response over a clinically relevant concentration range (3.5-35 ppm), excellent baseline recovery and reversibility upon repeated exposures to the analyte, short pulse rise and fall times (less than 1 s and about 2 s, respectively) and low power consumption (few nW), with no relevant response to water. Comparable responses’ decay times under either nitrogen or dry air suggest that the mechanisms at work is mainly attributable to specific analyte-semiconducting polymer interactions. These results open the way to the use of P3HT NFs-based sensing elements for the realization of portable, real-time electronic noses for on-the-fly exhaled breath analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Bertoni
- Global Connectivity & Technology-Robotics and Artificial Intelligence, Corso Lino Zanussi 24,33080 Porcia (PN), Italy.
| | - Pasquale Naclerio
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 10, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Emanuele Viviani
- Artificial Perception Laboratory, Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste,Via Valerio 10, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Simone Dal Zilio
- CNR-Istituto Officina dei Materiali, Strada Statale 14 km 163,5 - 34149 Basovizza, Trieste (TS), Italy.
| | - Sergio Carrato
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 10, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Fraleoni-Morgera
- Flextronics Laboratory, Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 10,34127 Trieste, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Influence of Water Molecules on the Detection of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) Cancer Biomarkers by Nanocomposite Quantum Resistive Vapor Sensors vQRS. CHEMOSENSORS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors6040064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The anticipated diagnosis of various fatal diseases from the analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOC) biomarkers of the volatolome is the object of very dynamic research. Nanocomposite-based quantum resistive vapor sensors (vQRS) exhibit strong advantages in the detection of biomarkers, as they can operate at room temperature with low consumption and sub ppm (part per million) sensitivity. However, to meet this application they need to detect some ppm or less amounts of biomarkers in patients' breath, skin, or urine in complex blends of numerous VOC, most of the time hindered by a huge amount of water molecules. Therefore, it is crucial to analyze the effects of moisture on the chemo-resistive sensing behavior of carbon nanotubes based vQRS. We show that in the presence of water molecules, the sensors cannot detect the right amount of VOC molecules present in their environment. These perturbations of the detection mechanism are found to depend on the chemical interactions between water and other VOC molecules, but also on their competitive absorption on sensors receptive sites, located at the nanojunctions of the conductive architecture. This complex phenomenon studied with down to 12.5 ppm of acetone, ethanol, butanone, toluene, and cyclohexane mixed with 100 ppm of water was worth to investigate in the prospect of future developments of devices analysing real breath samples in which water can reach a concentration of 6%.
Collapse
|
8
|
Li Y, Pötschke P, Pionteck J, Voit B. Electrical and vapor sensing behaviors of polycarbonate composites containing hybrid carbon fillers. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
9
|
Tiggemann L, Ballen SC, Bocalon CM, Graboski AM, Manzoli A, Steffens J, Valduga E, Steffens C. Electronic nose system based on polyaniline films sensor array with different dopants for discrimination of artificial aromas. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
10
|
Marmisollé WA, Azzaroni O. Recent developments in the layer-by-layer assembly of polyaniline and carbon nanomaterials for energy storage and sensing applications. From synthetic aspects to structural and functional characterization. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:9890-9918. [PMID: 27138455 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr08326e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The construction of hybrid polymer-inorganic nanoarchitectures for electrochemical purposes based on the layer-by-layer assembly of conducting polymers and carbon nanomaterials has become increasingly popular over the last decade. This explosion of interest is primarily related to the increasing mastery in the design of supramolecular constructs using simple wet chemical approaches. Concomitantly, this continuous research activity paved the way to the rapid development of nanocomposites or "nanoblends" readily integrable into energy storage and sensing devices. In this sense, the layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly technique has allowed us to access three-dimensional (3D) multicomponent carbon-based network nanoarchitectures displaying addressable electrical, electrochemical and transport properties in which conducting polymers, such as polyaniline, and carbon nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotubes or nanographene, play unique roles without disrupting their inherent functions - complementary entities coexisting in harmony. Over the last few years the level of functional sophistication reached by LbL-assembled carbon-based 3D network nanoarchitectures, and the level of knowledge related to how to design, fabricate and optimize the properties of these 3D nanoconstructs have advanced enormously. This feature article presents and discusses not only the recent advances but also the emerging challenges in complex hybrid nanoarchitectures that result from the layer-by-layer assembly of polyaniline, a quintessential conducting polymer, and diverse carbon nanomaterials. This is a rapidly developing research area, and this work attempts to provide an overview of the diverse 3D network nanoarchitectures prepared up to now. The importance of materials processing and LbL integration is explored within each section and while the overall emphasis is on energy storage and sensing applications, the most widely-used synthetic strategies and characterization methods for "nanoblend" formation and performance evaluation are also presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Waldemar A Marmisollé
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímica Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, C.C. 16 Suc. (1900) La Plata, Argentina
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mehra NK, Jain NK. Multifunctional hybrid-carbon nanotubes: new horizon in drug delivery and targeting. J Drug Target 2015; 24:294-308. [PMID: 26147085 DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2015.1055571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have emerged as an intriguing nanotechnological tool for numerous biomedical applications including biocompatible modules for the bioactives delivery ascribed to their unique properties, such as greater loading efficiency, biocompatibility, non-immunogenicity, high surface area and photoluminescence, that make them ideal candidate in pharmaceutical and biomedical science. The design of multifunctional hybrid-CNTs for drug delivery and targeting may differ from the conventional drug delivery system. The conventional nanocarriers have few limitations, such as inappropriate availability of surface-chemical functional groups for conjugation, low entrapment/loading efficiency as well as stability as per ICH guidelines with generally regarded as safe (GRAS) prominences. The multifunctional hybrid-CNTs will sparked and open a new door for researchers, scientist of the pharmaceutical and biomedical arena. This review summarizes the vivid aspects of CNTs like characterization, supramolecular chemistry of CNTs-dendrimer, CNTs-nanoparticles, CNTs-quantum dots conjugate for delivery of bioactives, not discussed so far.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neelesh Kumar Mehra
- a Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Hari Singh Gour University , Sagar , India
| | - Narendra Kumar Jain
- a Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Hari Singh Gour University , Sagar , India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kaushik A, Kumar R, Arya SK, Nair M, Malhotra BD, Bhansali S. Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Nanocomposite-Based Gas Sensors for Environmental Monitoring. Chem Rev 2015; 115:4571-606. [PMID: 25933130 DOI: 10.1021/cr400659h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ajeet Kaushik
- Center
for Personalized Nanomedicine, Institute of Neuroimmune Pharmacology,
Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
- Bio-MEMS
Microsystems Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,
College of Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33174, United States
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Bio-MEMS
Microsystems Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,
College of Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33174, United States
- Department
of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Sunil K. Arya
- Bioelectronics
Program, Institute of Microelectronics, A*Star, 11 Science Park
Road, Singapore Science Park II, Singapore
| | - Madhavan Nair
- Center
for Personalized Nanomedicine, Institute of Neuroimmune Pharmacology,
Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
| | - B. D. Malhotra
- Department
of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Delhi 110042, India
| | - Shekhar Bhansali
- Bio-MEMS
Microsystems Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,
College of Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33174, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Huang GW, Xiao HM, Fu SY. Electrical switch for smart pH self-adjusting system based on silver nanowire/polyaniline nanocomposite film. ACS NANO 2015; 9:3234-3242. [PMID: 25715885 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b00348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A sensitive pH-triggered electrical switch is demonstrated by using a layer-structured silver nanowire/polyaniline nanocomposite film fabricated via an easy vertical spinning method. The as-prepared nanocomposite film shows the high electrical conductivity of 1.03 × 10(4) S cm(-1) at the Ag-NW areal density of 0.84 mg cm(-2) and a good cycling stability. Particularly, because of the layered structure, the switch achieves a very high contrast ratio of ca. 9 × 10(8), which is 2-6 orders higher than that reported previously. The high electrical conductivity and the high switching ratio make the layer-structured nanocomposite film a sensitive switch candidate for pH-responsive systems. Finally, a smart pH self-adjusting switching system is successfully designed using the as-prepared layer-structured nanocomposite film.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Wen Huang
- †Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2 Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, PR China
- ‡University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, PR China
| | - Hong-Mei Xiao
- †Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2 Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Shao-Yun Fu
- †Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2 Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
PANI and graphene/PANI nanocomposite films--comparative toluene gas sensing behavior. SENSORS 2013; 13:16611-24. [PMID: 24300600 PMCID: PMC3892825 DOI: 10.3390/s131216611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Revised: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The present work discusses and compares the toluene sensing behavior of polyaniline (PANI) and graphene/polyaniline nanocomposite (C-PANI) films. The graphene–PANI ratio in the nanocomposite polymer film is optimized at 1:2. For this, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) solvent is used to prepare PANI-NMP solution as well as graphene-PANI-NMP solution. The films are later annealed at 230 °C, characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) as well Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and tested for their sensing behavior towards toluene. The sensing behaviors of the films are analyzed at different temperatures (30, 50 and 100 °C) for 100 ppm toluene in air. The nanocomposite C-PANI films have exhibited better overall toluene sensing behavior in terms of sensor response, response and recovery time as well as repeatability. Although the sensor response of PANI (12.6 at 30 °C, 38.4 at 100 °C) is comparatively higher than that of C-PANI (8.4 at 30 °C, 35.5 at 100 °C), response and recovery time of PANI and C-PANI varies with operating temperature. C-PANI at 50 °C seems to have better toluene sensing behavior in terms of response time and recovery time.
Collapse
|
15
|
Pang H, Piao YY, Xu L, Bao Y, Cui CH, Fu Q, Li ZM. Tunable liquid sensing performance of conducting carbon nanotube–polyethylene composites with a porous segregated structure. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra43375g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
16
|
Kumar B, Park Y, Castro M, Grunlan J, Feller J. Fine control of carbon nanotubes–polyelectrolyte sensors sensitivity by electrostatic layer by layer assembly (eLbL) for the detection of volatile organic compounds (VOC). Talanta 2012; 88:396-402. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2011] [Revised: 10/27/2011] [Accepted: 11/01/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
17
|
Hyder MN, Lee SW, Cebeci FÇ, Schmidt DJ, Shao-Horn Y, Hammond PT. Layer-by-layer assembled polyaniline nanofiber/multiwall carbon nanotube thin film electrodes for high-power and high-energy storage applications. ACS NANO 2011; 5:8552-61. [PMID: 21981582 DOI: 10.1021/nn2029617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Thin film electrodes of polyaniline (PANi) nanofibers and functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) are created by layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly for microbatteries or -electrochemical capacitors. Highly stable cationic PANi nanofibers, synthesized from the rapid aqueous phase polymerization of aniline, are assembled with carboxylic acid functionalized MWNT into LbL films. The pH-dependent surface charge of PANi nanofibers and MWNTs allows the system to behave like weak polyelectrolytes with controllable LbL film thickness and morphology by varying the number of bilayers. The LbL-PANi/MWNT films consist of a nanoscale interpenetrating network structure with well developed nanopores that yield excellent electrochemical performance for energy storage applications. These LbL-PANi/MWNT films in lithium cell can store high volumetric capacitance (~238 ± 32 F/cm(3)) and high volumetric capacity (~210 mAh/cm(3)). In addition, rate-dependent galvanostatic tests show LbL-PANi/MWNT films can deliver both high power and high energy density (~220 Wh/L(electrode) at ~100 kW/L(electrode)) and could be promising positive electrode materials for thin film microbatteries or electrochemical capacitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Nasim Hyder
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
De Girolamo Del Mauro A, Grimaldi IA, Loffredo F, Massera E, Polichetti T, Villani F, Di Francia G. Geometry of the inkjet-printed sensing layer for a better volatile organic compound sensor response. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.34777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|