1
|
Li Y, Bi D, Hu Z, Yang Y, Liu Y, Leung WK. Hydrogel-Forming Microneedles with Applications in Oral Diseases Management. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:4805. [PMID: 37445119 DOI: 10.3390/ma16134805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Controlled drug delivery in the oral cavity poses challenges such as bacterial contamination, saliva dilution, and inactivation by salivary enzymes upon ingestion. Microneedles offer a location-specific, minimally invasive, and retentive approach. Hydrogel-forming microneedles (HFMs) have emerged for dental diagnostics and therapeutics. HFMs penetrate the stratum corneum, undergo swelling upon contact, secure attachment, and enable sustained transdermal or transmucosal drug delivery. Commonly employed polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone are crosslinked with tartaric acid or its derivatives while incorporating therapeutic agents. Microneedle patches provide suture-free and painless drug delivery to keratinized or non-keratinized mucosa, facilitating site-specific treatment and patient compliance. This review comprehensively discusses HFMs' applications in dentistry such as local anesthesia, oral ulcer management, periodontal treatment, etc., encompassing animal experiments, clinical trials, and their fundamental impact and limitations, for example, restricted drug carrying capacity and, until now, a low number of dental clinical trial reports. The review explores the advantages and future perspectives of HFMs for oral drug delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Li
- Periodontology and Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Duohang Bi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhekai Hu
- Division of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yanqi Yang
- Division of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yijing Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wai Keung Leung
- Periodontology and Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Saghamanesh S, Aghamiri SMR, Olivo A, Sadeghilarijani M, Kato H, Kamali-Asl A, Yashiro W. Edge-illumination x-ray phase contrast imaging with Pt-based metallic glass masks. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2017; 88:063705. [PMID: 28667949 DOI: 10.1063/1.4989700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Edge-illumination x-ray phase contrast imaging (EI XPCI) is a non-interferometric phase-sensitive method where two absorption masks are employed. These masks are fabricated through a photolithography process followed by electroplating which is challenging in terms of yield as well as time- and cost-effectiveness. We report on the first implementation of EI XPCI with Pt-based metallic glass masks fabricated by an imprinting method. The new tested alloy exhibits good characteristics including high workability beside high x-ray attenuation. The fabrication process is easy and cheap, and can produce large-size masks for high x-ray energies within minutes. Imaging experiments show a good quality phase image, which confirms the potential of these masks to make the EI XPCI technique widely available and affordable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Saghamanesh
- Department of Medical Radiation Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 1983969411, Iran
| | | | - Alessandro Olivo
- Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering, University College London, Malet Place, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Maryam Sadeghilarijani
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Hidemi Kato
- Institute for Materials Research (IMR), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Alireza Kamali-Asl
- Department of Medical Radiation Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 1983969411, Iran
| | - Wataru Yashiro
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Meiser J, Willner M, Schröter T, Hofmann A, Rieger J, Koch F, Birnbacher L, Schüttler M, Kunka D, Meyer P, Faisal A, Amberger M, Duttenhofer T, Weber T, Hipp A, Ehn S, Walter M, Herzen J, Schulz J, Pfeiffer F, Mohr J. Increasing the field of view in grating based X-ray phase contrast imaging using stitched gratings. JOURNAL OF X-RAY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2016; 24:379-388. [PMID: 27257876 DOI: 10.3233/xst-160552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Grating based X-ray differential phase contrast imaging (DPCI) allows for high contrast imaging of materials with similar absorption characteristics. In the last years' publications, small animals or parts of the human body like breast, hand, joints or blood vessels have been studied. Larger objects could not be investigated due to the restricted field of view limited by the available grating area. In this paper, we report on a new stitching method to increase the grating area significantly: individual gratings are merged on a carrier substrate. Whereas the grating fabrication process is based on the LIGA technology (X-ray lithography and electroplating) different cutting and joining methods have been evaluated. First imaging results using a 2×2 stitched analyzer grating in a Talbot-Lau interferometer have been generated using a conventional polychromatic X-ray source. The image quality and analysis confirm the high potential of the stitching method to increase the field of view considerably.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Meiser
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - M Willner
- Department of Physics and Institute of Medical Engineering, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
| | - T Schröter
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - A Hofmann
- Institute for Applied Computer Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - J Rieger
- Erlangen Center for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich - Alexander - Universität Erlangen - Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - F Koch
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - L Birnbacher
- Department of Physics and Institute of Medical Engineering, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
| | - M Schüttler
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Department of Physics and Institute of Medical Engineering, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
| | - D Kunka
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - P Meyer
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - A Faisal
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - M Amberger
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | | | - T Weber
- Erlangen Center for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich - Alexander - Universität Erlangen - Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - A Hipp
- Department of Physics and Institute of Medical Engineering, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
- Institute of Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Geesthacht, Germany
| | - S Ehn
- Department of Physics and Institute of Medical Engineering, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
| | - M Walter
- Microworks GmbH, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - J Herzen
- Department of Physics and Institute of Medical Engineering, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
| | - J Schulz
- Microworks GmbH, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - F Pfeiffer
- Department of Physics and Institute of Medical Engineering, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
| | - J Mohr
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Miao H, Gomella AA, Harmon KJ, Bennett EE, Chedid N, Znati S, Panna A, Foster BA, Bhandarkar P, Wen H. Enhancing Tabletop X-Ray Phase Contrast Imaging with Nano-Fabrication. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13581. [PMID: 26315891 PMCID: PMC4551996 DOI: 10.1038/srep13581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
X-ray phase-contrast imaging is a promising approach for improving soft-tissue contrast and lowering radiation dose in biomedical applications. While current tabletop imaging systems adapt to common x-ray tubes and large-area detectors by employing absorptive elements such as absorption gratings or monolithic crystals to filter the beam, we developed nanometric phase gratings which enable tabletop x-ray far-field interferometry with only phase-shifting elements, leading to a substantial enhancement in the performance of phase contrast imaging. In a general sense the method transfers the demands on the spatial coherence of the x-ray source and the detector resolution to the feature size of x-ray phase masks. We demonstrate its capabilities in hard x-ray imaging experiments at a fraction of clinical dose levels and present comparisons with the existing Talbot-Lau interferometer and with conventional digital radiography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Houxun Miao
- Imaging Physics Laboratory, Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Andrew A Gomella
- Imaging Physics Laboratory, Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Katherine J Harmon
- Imaging Physics Laboratory, Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Eric E Bennett
- Imaging Physics Laboratory, Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Nicholas Chedid
- Imaging Physics Laboratory, Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Sami Znati
- Imaging Physics Laboratory, Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Alireza Panna
- Imaging Physics Laboratory, Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Barbara A Foster
- Breast Imaging Center, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20889
| | - Priya Bhandarkar
- Breast Imaging Center, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20889
| | - Han Wen
- Imaging Physics Laboratory, Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Subnanoradian X-ray phase-contrast imaging using a far-field interferometer of nanometric phase gratings. Nat Commun 2014; 4:2659. [PMID: 24189696 PMCID: PMC3831282 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Hard X-ray phase-contrast imaging characterizes the electron density distribution in an object without the need for radiation absorption. The power of phase contrast to resolve subtle changes, such as those in soft tissue structures, lies in its ability to detect minute refractive bending of X-rays. Here we report a far-field, two-arm interferometer based on the new nanometric phase gratings, which can detect X-ray refraction with subnanoradian sensitivity, and at the same time overcomes the fundamental limitation of ultra-narrow bandwidths (Δλ/λ~10−4) of the current, most sensitive methods based on crystal interferometers. On a 1.5% bandwidth synchrotron source, we demonstrate clear visualization of blood vessels in unstained mouse organs in simple projection views, with over an order-of-magnitude higher phase contrast than current near-field grating interferometers. Phase-contrast imaging has become popular for medical diagnostic purposes because of the ability to see transparent structures at relatively small radiation energy dosed to samples. Wen et al. further develop this technique using nanometric phase gratings to achieve subnanoradian sensitivity.
Collapse
|
6
|
Miao H, Gomella AA, Chedid N, Chen L, Wen H. Fabrication of 200 nm period hard X-ray phase gratings. NANO LETTERS 2014; 14:3453-8. [PMID: 24845537 PMCID: PMC4055044 DOI: 10.1021/nl5009713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Far field X-ray grating interferometry achieves extraordinary phase sensitivity in imaging weakly absorbing samples, provided that the grating period is within the transverse coherence length of the X-ray source. Here we describe a cost-efficient process to fabricate large area, 100 nm half-pitch hard X-ray phase gratings with an aspect ratio of 32. The nanometric gratings are suitable for ordinary compact X-ray sources having low spatial coherence, as demonstrated by X-ray diffraction experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Houxun Miao
- Imaging
Physics Laboratory, Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart,
Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes
of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United
States
- E-mail:
(H.M.)
| | - Andrew A. Gomella
- Imaging
Physics Laboratory, Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart,
Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes
of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United
States
| | - Nicholas Chedid
- Imaging
Physics Laboratory, Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart,
Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes
of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United
States
| | - Lei Chen
- Center
for Nanoscale Science and Technology, National
Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Han Wen
- Imaging
Physics Laboratory, Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart,
Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes
of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United
States
- E-mail: (H.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wen H, Gomella AA, Patel A, Wolfe DE, Lynch SK, Xiao X, Morgan N. Boosting phase contrast with a grating Bonse-Hart interferometer of 200 nanometre grating period. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2014; 372:20130028. [PMID: 24470412 PMCID: PMC3900033 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2013.0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
We report on a grating Bonse-Hart interferometer for phase-contrast imaging with hard X-rays. The method overcomes limitations in the level of sensitivity that can be achieved with the well-known Talbot grating interferometer, and without the stringent spectral filtering at any given incident angle imposed by the classic Bonse-Hart interferometer. The device operates in the far-field regime, where an incident beam is split by a diffraction grating into two widely separated beams, which are redirected by a second diffraction grating to merge at a third grating, where they coherently interfere. The wide separation of the interfering beams results in large phase contrast, and in some cases absolute phase images are obtained. Imaging experiments were performed using diffraction gratings of 200 nm period, at 22.5 keV and 1.5% spectral bandwidth on a bending-magnetic beamline. Novel design and fabrication process were used to achieve the small grating period. Using a slitted incident beam, we acquired absolute and differential phase images of lightly absorbing samples. An advantage of this method is that it uses only phase modulating gratings, which are easier to fabricate than absorption gratings of the same periods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Wen
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- e-mail:
| | - Andrew A. Gomella
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ajay Patel
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Douglas E. Wolfe
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, Penn State University, State College, PA, USA
| | - Susanna K. Lynch
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xianghui Xiao
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Nicole Morgan
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Motionless phase stepping in X-ray phase contrast imaging with a compact source. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:19268-72. [PMID: 24218599 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1311053110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
X-ray phase contrast imaging offers a way to visualize the internal structures of an object without the need to deposit significant radiation, and thereby alleviate the main concern in X-ray diagnostic imaging procedures today. Grating-based differential phase contrast imaging techniques are compatible with compact X-ray sources, which is a key requirement for the majority of clinical X-ray modalities. However, these methods are substantially limited by the need for mechanical phase stepping. We describe an electromagnetic phase-stepping method that eliminates mechanical motion, thus removing the constraints in speed, accuracy, and flexibility. The method is broadly applicable to both projection and tomography imaging modes. The transition from mechanical to electromagnetic scanning should greatly facilitate the translation of X-ray phase contrast techniques into mainstream applications.
Collapse
|
9
|
Gomella A, Martin EW, Lynch SK, Morgan NY, Wen H. Low dose hard x-ray contact microscopy assisted by a photoelectric conversion layer. AIP ADVANCES 2013; 3:42121. [PMID: 23837131 PMCID: PMC3645440 DOI: 10.1063/1.4802886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 04/10/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Hard x-ray contact microscopy provides images of dense samples at resolutions of tens of nanometers. However, the required beam intensity can only be delivered by synchrotron sources. We report on the use of a gold photoelectric conversion layer to lower the exposure dose by a factor of 40 to 50, allowing hard x-ray contact microscopy to be performed with a compact x-ray tube. We demonstrate the method in imaging the transmission pattern of a type of hard x-ray grating that cannot be fitted into conventional x-ray microscopes due to its size and shape. Generally the method is easy to implement and can record images of samples in the hard x-ray region over a large area in a single exposure, without some of the geometric constraints associated with x-ray microscopes based on zone-plate or other magnifying optics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Gomella
- Imaging Physics Laboratory, Biophysics and Biochemistry Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wen H, Wolfe DE, Gomella AA, Miao H, Xiao X, Liu C, Lynch SK, Morgan N. Interferometric hard x-ray phase contrast imaging at 204 nm grating period. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2013; 84:013706. [PMID: 23387658 PMCID: PMC3574100 DOI: 10.1063/1.4788910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We report on hard x-ray phase contrast imaging experiments using a grating interferometer of approximately 1/10th the grating period achieved in previous studies. We designed the gratings as a staircase array of multilayer stacks which are fabricated in a single thin film deposition process. We performed the experiments at 19 keV x-ray energy and 0.8 μm pixel resolution. The small grating period resulted in clear separation of different diffraction orders and multiple images on the detector. A slitted beam was used to remove overlap of the images from the different diffraction orders. The phase contrast images showed detailed features as small as 10 μm, and demonstrated the feasibility of high resolution x-ray phase contrast imaging with nanometer scale gratings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Wen
- Imaging Physic Laboratory, Biophysics and Biochemistry Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|