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Torres-Huerta AL, Antonio-Pérez A, García-Huante Y, Alcázar-Ramírez NJ, Rueda-Silva JC. Biomolecule-Based Optical Metamaterials: Design and Applications. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:962. [PMID: 36354471 PMCID: PMC9688573 DOI: 10.3390/bios12110962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Metamaterials are broadly defined as artificial, electromagnetically homogeneous structures that exhibit unusual physical properties that are not present in nature. They possess extraordinary capabilities to bend electromagnetic waves. Their size, shape and composition can be engineered to modify their characteristics, such as iridescence, color shift, absorbance at different wavelengths, etc., and harness them as biosensors. Metamaterial construction from biological sources such as carbohydrates, proteins and nucleic acids represents a low-cost alternative, rendering high quantities and yields. In addition, the malleability of these biomaterials makes it possible to fabricate an endless number of structured materials such as composited nanoparticles, biofilms, nanofibers, quantum dots, and many others, with very specific, invaluable and tremendously useful optical characteristics. The intrinsic characteristics observed in biomaterials make them suitable for biomedical applications. This review addresses the optical characteristics of metamaterials obtained from the major macromolecules found in nature: carbohydrates, proteins and DNA, highlighting their biosensor field use, and pointing out their physical properties and production paths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Laura Torres-Huerta
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Estado de México, Av. Lago de Guadalupe KM 3.5, Margarita Maza de Juárez, Cd. López Mateos, Atizapán de Zaragoza 52926, Mexico
| | - Aurora Antonio-Pérez
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Estado de México, Av. Lago de Guadalupe KM 3.5, Margarita Maza de Juárez, Cd. López Mateos, Atizapán de Zaragoza 52926, Mexico
| | - Yolanda García-Huante
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria en Ingeniería y Tecnologías Avanzadas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (UPIITA-IPN), Mexico City 07340, Mexico
| | - Nayelhi Julieta Alcázar-Ramírez
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Estado de México, Av. Lago de Guadalupe KM 3.5, Margarita Maza de Juárez, Cd. López Mateos, Atizapán de Zaragoza 52926, Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos Rueda-Silva
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Estado de México, Av. Lago de Guadalupe KM 3.5, Margarita Maza de Juárez, Cd. López Mateos, Atizapán de Zaragoza 52926, Mexico
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK
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Mariyappan K, Park S, Nanda SS, Kokkiligadda S, Jo S, Lee J, Tandon A, Yi DK, Park SH. Fibres and films made from DNA and CTMA-modified DNA embedded with gold nanorods and organic light-emitting materials. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 211:112291. [PMID: 34954515 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The scaffolding of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) makes DNA molecules effective templates for hosting various types of nanomaterials. Recently, electrospun fibres formed by a variety of polymers have begun to see use in a number of applications, such as filtration in energy applications, insulation in thermodynamics and protein scaffolding in biomedicine. In this study, we constructed electrospun fibres and thin films made of DNA and cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTMA)-modified DNA (CDNA) embedded with dyes, organic light-emitting materials (OLEMs), and gold nanorods (GNRs). These materials provide significant advantages, including selectivity of dimensionality, solubility in organic and inorganic solvents, and functionality enhancement. In addition, coaxial fibres made of CDNA were constructed to demonstrate the feasibility of constructing relatively complex fibres with an electrospinner. To determine the basic physical characteristics of the fibres and thin films containing GNRs and OLEMs, we conducted current measurements, photoluminescence (PL) measurements, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. The currents in DNA and CDNA were found to exhibit Ohmic behaviour, while the PL emission could be controlled by OLEMs. In addition, the XPS provided the chemical configuration of samples, and the UV-Vis spectra revealed the plasmon resonance of GNR. Due to their simple fabrication and enhanced functionality, these DNA and CDNA fibres and thin films could be used in various devices (e.g., filters or blocking layers) and sensors (e.g., gas detectors and bio sensors) in a number of industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthikeyan Mariyappan
- Sungkyunkwan Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Institute of Basic Science and Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Suyoun Park
- Sungkyunkwan Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Institute of Basic Science and Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | | | - Samanth Kokkiligadda
- Sungkyunkwan Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Institute of Basic Science and Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Soojin Jo
- Sungkyunkwan Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Institute of Basic Science and Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Jayeon Lee
- Sungkyunkwan Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Institute of Basic Science and Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Anshula Tandon
- Sungkyunkwan Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Institute of Basic Science and Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Dong Kee Yi
- Department of Chemistry, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Korea.
| | - Sung Ha Park
- Sungkyunkwan Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Institute of Basic Science and Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
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Wang M, Zhao J, Li J, Chen R, Chen K, Hu S, Wang L, Gao H, Xu H. Multi-copper incorporation into ring-expanded base pairs: An ab initio study. Chem Phys Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2019.136704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Kesama MR, Dugasani SR, Jung SG, Gnapareddy B, Park T, Park SH. Band gap, dielectric constant, and susceptibility of DNA layers as controlled by vanadium ion concentration. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 31:085705. [PMID: 31675737 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab53b0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) doped with transition metal ions shows great versatility for molecular-based biosensors and bioelectronics. Methodologies for developing DNA lattices (formed by synthetic double-crossover tiles) and DNA layers (used by natural salmon) doped with vanadium ions (V3+), as well as an understanding of the physical characteristics of V3+-doped DNA nanostructures, are essential in practical applications in interdisciplinary research fields. Here, DNA lattices and layers doped with V3+ are constructed through substrate-assisted growth and drop-casting methods. In addition, enhanced physical characteristics such as the band gap energy, work function, dielectric constant, and susceptibility of V3+-doped DNA nanostructures with varying V3+ concentration ([V 3+ ]) are investigated. The critical concentration ([V 3+ ]C ) at a given amount of DNA was predicted based on an analysis of the phase transition of DNA lattices from crystalline to amorphous with specific [V 3+ ]. Generally, the [V 3+ ]C provided crucial information on the structural stability and extremum physical characteristics of V3+-doped DNA nanostructures due to the optimum incorporation of V3+ into DNA. We obtained the optical absorption spectra for energy band gap estimation; Raman spectra for identifying the preferential coordination sites of V3+ in DNA; x-ray photoelectron spectra to examine the chemical state, chemical composition, and functional groups; and ultraviolet photoelectron spectra to estimate the work function. In addition, we addressed the electrical properties (i.e. current, capacitance, dielectric constant, and storage energy) and magnetic properties (magnetic field-dependent and temperature-dependent magnetizations and susceptibility) of DNA layers in the presence of V3+. The development of biocompatible materials with specific optical, electrical, and magnetic properties is required for future applications because they must have designated functionality, high efficiency, and affordability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallikarjuna Reddy Kesama
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea. Sungkyunkwan Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea. Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINP), Institute for Basic Sciences (IBS) and Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics (IQB), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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Kesama MR, Dugasani SR, Cha YJ, Son J, Gnapareddy B, Yoo S, Yoon DK, Park SH. Optoelectrical and mechanical properties of multiwall carbon nanotube-integrated DNA thin films. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:245704. [PMID: 30812021 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab0b0f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Thin films made of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), dissolved in an aqueous solution, and cetyltrimethyl-ammonium-modified DNA (CDNA), dissolved in an organic solvent, utilising multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are not yet well-understood for use in optoelectronic device and sensor applications. In this study, we fabricate MWCNT-integrated DNA and CDNA thin films using the drop-casting method. We also characterise the optical properties (i.e. absorption spectra, Fourier-transform infrared spectra, Raman spectra, photoluminescence, and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry) to study spectral absorption, interaction, functional group, chirality, and compositional moiety and its distribution of MWCNTs in DNA and CDNA thin films. The electrical property for conductance and the mechanical characterisations of hardness, modulus and elasticity for stability are also discussed. Lastly, to show the feasibility of directional alignment of MWCNTs in DNA thin films, we perform an alignment experiment with MWCNTs in DNA via brushing and shearing methods, and we evaluate the results using polarised optical microscopy. Our simple methodology to align ingredients in DNA and CDNA thin films leveraging various optical, electrical and mechanical properties, provides great potential for the development of efficient devices and sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallikarjuna Reddy Kesama
- Department of Physics and Sungkyunkwan Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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Mitta SB, Dugasani SR, Reddeppa M, Vellampatti S, Gnapareddy B, Kim MD, Park SH. DNA nanostructures doped with lanthanide ions for highly sensitive UV photodetectors. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 175:212-220. [PMID: 30530233 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.11.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and lanthanide ions (Ln3+) exhibit exceptional optical properties that are applicable to the development of nanoscale devices and sensors. Although DNA nanostructures and Ln3+ ions have been investigated for use in the current state of technology for more than a few decades, researchers have yet to develop DNA and Ln3+ based ultra-violet (UV) photodetectors. Here, we fabricate Ln3+ (such as holmium (Ho3+), praseodymium (Pr3+), and ytterbium (Yb3+))‒doped double crossover (DX)‒DNA lattices through substrate-assisted growth and salmon DNA (SDNA) thin films via a simple drop-casting method on oxygen (O2) plasma-treated substrates for high performance UV photodetectors. Topological (AFM), optical (UV-vis absorption and FTIR), spectroscopic (XPS), and electrical (I‒V and photovoltage) measurements of the DX‒DNA and SDNA thin films doped with various concentrations of Ln3+ ([Ln3+]) are explored. From the AFM analysis, the optimum concentrations of various Ln3+ ([Ln3+]O) are estimated (where the phase transition of Ln3+‒doped DX‒DNA lattices takes place from crystalline to amorphous) as 1.2 mM for Ho3+, 1.5 mM for Pr3+, and 1.5 mM for Yb3+. The binding modes and chemical states are evaluated through optical and spectroscopic analysis. From UV-vis absorption studies, we found that as the [Ln3+] was increased, the absorption intensity decreased up to [Ln3+]O, and increased above [Ln3+]O. The variation in FTIR peak intensities in the nucleobase and phosphate regions, and the changes in XPS peak intensities and peak positions detected in the N 1 s and P 2p core spectra of Ln3+‒doped SDNA thin films clearly indicate that the Ln3+ ions are properly bound between the bases (through chemical intercalation) and to the phosphate backbone (through electrostatic interactions) of the DNA molecules. Finally, the I‒V characteristics and time-dependent photovoltage of Ln3+‒doped SDNA thin films are measured both in the dark and under UV LED illuminations (λLED = 382 nm) at various illumination powers. The photocurrent and photovoltage of Ln3+‒doped SDNA thin films are enhanced up to the [Ln3+]O compared to pristine SDNA due to the charge carriers generated from both SDNA and Ln3+ ions upon the absorption of light. From our observations, the photovoltages as function of illumination power suggest higher responsivities, and the photovoltages as function of time are almost constant which indicates the stability and retention characteristics of the Ln3+‒doped SDNA thin films. Hence, our method which provides an efficient doping of Ln3+ into the SDNA with a simple fabrication process might be useful in the development of high-performance optoelectronic devices and sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sekhar Babu Mitta
- Sungkyunkwan Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT) and Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sreekantha Reddy Dugasani
- Sungkyunkwan Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT) and Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Maddaka Reddeppa
- Department of Physics, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Srivithya Vellampatti
- Sungkyunkwan Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT) and Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Bramaramba Gnapareddy
- Sungkyunkwan Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT) and Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Deock Kim
- Department of Physics, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung Ha Park
- Sungkyunkwan Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT) and Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Kesama MR, Yun BK, Ha T, Dugasani SR, Son J, Kim JH, Jung JH, Park SH. Magneto-optical and thermal characteristics of magnetite nanoparticle-embedded DNA and CTMA-DNA thin films. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:465703. [PMID: 30168799 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aade31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Recently, DNA molecules embedded with magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (MNPs) drew much attention for their wide range of potential usage. With specific intrinsic properties such as low optical loss, high transparency, large band gap, high dielectric constant, potential for molecular recognition, and their biodegradable nature, the DNA molecule can serve as an effective template or scaffold for various functionalized nanomaterials. With the aid of cetyltrimethylammonium (CTMA) surfactant, DNA can be used in organic-based applications as well as water-based ones. Here, DNA and CTMA-DNA thin films with various concentrations of MNPs fabricated by the drop-casting method have been characterized by optical absorption, refractive index, Raman, and cathodoluminescence measurements to understand the binding, dispersion, chemical identification/functional modes, and energy transfer mechanisms, respectively. In addition, magnetization was measured as a function of either applied magnetic field or temperature in field cooling and zero field cooling. Saturation magnetization and blocking temperature demonstrate the importance of MNPs in DNA and CTMA-DNA thin films. Finally, we examine the thermal stabilities of MNP-embedded DNA and CTMA-DNA thin films through thermogravimetric analysis, derivative thermogravimetry, and differential thermal analysis. The unique optical, magnetic, and thermal characteristics of MNP-embedded DNA and CTMA-DNA thin films will prove important to fields such as spintronics, biomedicine, and function-embedded sensors and devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallikarjuna Reddy Kesama
- Department of Physics and Sungkyunkwan Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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Kesama MR, Yun BK, Dugasani SR, Jung JH, Park SH. Enhancing the electrical, optical, and magnetic characteristics of DNA thin films through Mn2+ fortification. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 167:197-205. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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