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Hwang JD, Liou YR, Chiou YJ. Studies of carrier transport mechanism in NiO/Ag/NiO transparent conducting electrode/ZnO metal-semiconductor-metal photodetectors. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:335202. [PMID: 38763138 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad4d58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Oxide/metal/oxide multilayers as a transparent conducting electrode (TCE) have been developed to replace metals due to their high transparency and low sheet resistance. Nickel oxide (NiO) film with a high work function was used as an oxide to form NiO/Ag/NiO (NAN) TCE, therefore a high barrier height between NAN/zinc oxide (ZnO) interface. In the study, NAN TCE was deposited on ZnO surface to fabricate metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) photodetectors (PDs) and study its carrier transport mechanism. The NAN TCE has a low sheet resistance of 6.5 Ω/sq. and transmittance more than 40% in a 300-1000 nm wavelength range. Such issues result in the figure-of-merit is higher (2.3 × 10-4Ω-1) than that (2.5 × 10-7Ω-1) of pure single NiO thin film. As compared to the conventional Au/ZnO MSM-PDs, the NAN/ZnO MSM-PDs demonstrates a lower leakage current as a result of Ni atoms diffusing into ZnO and passivating the defects. Due to the high work function of NiO, the NAN/ZnO interface exhibits a barrier height as high as 0.91 eV. The Au/ZnO MSM-PDs reveals only one carrier conduction of ohmic due to the electrons tunnel form Au into ZnO through the surface defects. In contrast, two distinct carrier transport mechanisms were observed in the NAN/ZnO MSM-PDs. At low-voltage forV⩽0.64 V, ohmic conduction dominates and the electrons inject from NAN to ZnO, trapped by the defect states of ZnO. At high-voltage for V⩾0.64 V, the trapped electrons acquire enough energy and emit from trap to conduction band, entering Poole-Frankel emission transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Hwang
- Department of Electrophysics, National Chiayi University, No. 300 Syuefu Rd., Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan
| | - Y R Liou
- Department of Electrophysics, National Chiayi University, No. 300 Syuefu Rd., Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan
| | - Y J Chiou
- Department of Electrophysics, National Chiayi University, No. 300 Syuefu Rd., Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan
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Li M, Wu C, Chen M, Weng T, Yu X, Lin K, Cao Y, Yu X, Li Z, Qiao Q, Zhang H, Zhou Y. Dipole Field-Driven Organic-Inorganic Heterojunction for Highly Sensitive Ultraviolet Photodetector. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38382473 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Developing high-performance organic-inorganic ultraviolet (UV) photodetectors (PDs) has attracted considerable attention. However, this development has been hindered due to poor directional charge-transfer ratios in transport layers, excessive costs, and an ambiguous underlying mechanism. To tackle these challenges, we constructed a heterojunction of economic Mg-doped ZnO (MgZnO) nanorods and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) [PEDOT:PSS (P:P)] that utilizes dipole field-driven spontaneous polarization to enhance photogenerated charge kinetics. As a result, the proposed heterojunction has an improved noise equivalent power of 3.16 × 10-11 W Hz-1/2), a normalized detection rate (D*) of 8.96 × 109 jones, and external quantum efficiency comparable to other ZnO-based devices. Notably, the prepared PDs showed a photocurrent of 4.8 × 10-3 μA under a faint UV light having an intensity of 1 × 10-5 W cm-2, exceeding the performance of the most state-of-the-art ZnO-based UV sensors. The introduction of Mg into ZnO is responsible for the high performance, as it causes a lattice mismatch and distortion of the Mg-doped ZnO unit cell. It results in improved dipole movement and the creation of a dipole field, accelerating the directional electron-transfer process. Using a dipole field to manipulate the migration and transport of photogenerated carriers represents a promising approach for achieving outstanding performance in UV PDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Li
- School of Marine Engineering Equipment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, China
| | - Cheng Wu
- School of Marine Engineering Equipment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, China
| | - Mengshan Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, China
| | - Tianfeng Weng
- School of Marine Engineering Equipment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, China
| | - Xuan Yu
- School of Marine Engineering Equipment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, China
| | - Kun Lin
- School of Marine Engineering Equipment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, China
| | - Yu Cao
- School of Electrical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, China
| | - Xiaoming Yu
- School of Marine Engineering Equipment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- School of Marine Engineering Equipment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, China
| | - Qian Qiao
- School of Marine Engineering Equipment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, China
| | - Hai Zhang
- School of Marine Engineering Equipment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, China
| | - Yingtang Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Environmental Pollution Control, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316004, China
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Gao C, Wang Y, Fu S, Xia D, Han Y, Ma J, Xu H, Li B, Shen A, Liu Y. High-Performance Solar-Blind Ultraviolet Photodetectors Based on β-Ga 2O 3 Thin Films Grown on p-Si(111) Substrates with Improved Material Quality via an AlN Buffer Layer Introduced by Metal-Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:38612-38622. [PMID: 37531140 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c07876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
We have achieved significantly improved device performance in solar-blind deep-ultraviolet photodetectors fabricated from β-Ga2O3 thin films grown via metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) on p-Si(111) substrates by improving material quality through the use of an AlN buffer layer. High-structural-quality β-Ga2O3 films with a (-201) preferred orientation are obtained after the introduction of the AlN buffer. Under 3 V bias, the dark current reaches a minimum of 45 fA, and the photo-to-dark current ratio (PDCR) reaches 8.5 × 105 in the photodetector with the metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) structure. The peak responsivity and detectivity are 38.8 A/W and 2.27 × 1015 cm·Hz1/2/W, respectively, which are 16.5 and 230 times that without the buffer layer. Additionally, benefiting from the introduction of the AlN layer, the photodetection performance of the β-Ga2O3/AlN/Si heterojunction is significantly improved. The PDCR, peak responsivity, and detectivity for the β-Ga2O3/AlN/p-Si photodetector at 5 V bias are 2.7 × 103, 11.84 A/W, and 8.31 × 1013 cm·Hz1/2/W, respectively. The improved structural quality of β-Ga2O3 is mainly attributed to the decreased in-plane lattice mismatch of 2.3% for β-Ga2O3(-201)/AlN(002) compared to that of 20.83% for β-Ga2O3(-201)/Si(111), as well as the elimination of the native amorphous SiOx surface layer on the Si substrate during the initial growth of oxide thin films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Gao
- Key Laboratory of UV Light Emitting Materials and Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yuefei Wang
- Key Laboratory of UV Light Emitting Materials and Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Shihao Fu
- Key Laboratory of UV Light Emitting Materials and Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Danyang Xia
- Key Laboratory of UV Light Emitting Materials and Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yurui Han
- Key Laboratory of UV Light Emitting Materials and Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Jiangang Ma
- Key Laboratory of UV Light Emitting Materials and Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Haiyang Xu
- Key Laboratory of UV Light Emitting Materials and Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Bingsheng Li
- Key Laboratory of UV Light Emitting Materials and Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Aidong Shen
- Department of Electrical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Yichun Liu
- Key Laboratory of UV Light Emitting Materials and Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
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Yuan Y, Chen M, Yang S, Shen X, Liu Y, Cao D, Xing G, Tang Z. Improved CsPbBr
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visible light photodetectors via decoration of sputtered au nanoparticles with synergistic benefits. NANO SELECT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202100117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Youwen Yuan
- Department of Physics Jiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu China
| | - Mingming Chen
- Department of Physics Jiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu China
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade Taipa Macau China
| | - Shuaiheng Yang
- Department of Physics Jiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu China
| | - Xuemin Shen
- Department of Physics Jiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Physics Jiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu China
| | - Dawei Cao
- Department of Physics Jiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu China
| | - Guichuan Xing
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade Taipa Macau China
| | - Zikang Tang
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade Taipa Macau China
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Yan T, Min Y, Lin M, Chen C, Lee C, Zhao L, Ye N, Chou MMC, Liu H, Zhou W. Intersected nonpolar ZnO nanosail arrays aligned epitaxially on LiGaO
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substrate towards enhanced photoelectrochemical responses. NANO SELECT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202000273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yan
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 China
| | - Yunxiao Min
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 China
| | - Mei‐Yi Lin
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science National Sun Yat‐sen University Kaohsiung 80424 Taiwan
| | - Chenlong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 China
| | - Chun‐Yu Lee
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science National Sun Yat‐sen University Kaohsiung 80424 Taiwan
| | - Lili Zhao
- Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (IAIR) University of Jinan Jinan 250022 China
| | - Ning Ye
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 China
| | - Mitch M. C. Chou
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science National Sun Yat‐sen University Kaohsiung 80424 Taiwan
| | - Hong Liu
- Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (IAIR) University of Jinan Jinan 250022 China
| | - Weijia Zhou
- Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (IAIR) University of Jinan Jinan 250022 China
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