1
|
Lucas A, Revell A, Davis KA. Artificial intelligence in epilepsy - applications and pathways to the clinic. Nat Rev Neurol 2024; 20:319-336. [PMID: 38720105 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-024-00965-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming health care, and its applications in epilepsy have increased exponentially over the past decade. Integration of AI into epilepsy management promises to revolutionize the diagnosis and treatment of this complex disorder. However, translation of AI into neurology clinical practice has not yet been successful, emphasizing the need to consider progress to date and assess challenges and limitations of AI. In this Review, we provide an overview of AI applications that have been developed in epilepsy using a variety of data modalities: neuroimaging, electroencephalography, electronic health records, medical devices and multimodal data integration. For each, we consider potential applications, including seizure detection and prediction, seizure lateralization, localization of the seizure-onset zone and assessment for surgical or neurostimulation interventions, and review the performance of AI tools developed to date. We also discuss methodological considerations and challenges that must be addressed to successfully integrate AI into clinical practice. Our goal is to provide an overview of the current state of the field and provide guidance for leveraging AI in future to improve management of epilepsy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Lucas
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Andrew Revell
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kathryn A Davis
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang Y, Liu L, Ding Y, Chen X, Monsoor T, Daida A, Oana S, Hussain S, Sankar R, Fallah A, Santana-Gomez C, Engel J, Staba RJ, Speier W, Zhang J, Nariai H, Roychowdhury V. PyHFO: lightweight deep learning-powered end-to-end high-frequency oscillations analysis application. J Neural Eng 2024; 21:036023. [PMID: 38722308 PMCID: PMC11135143 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ad4916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Objective. This study aims to develop and validate an end-to-end software platform, PyHFO, that streamlines the application of deep learning (DL) methodologies in detecting neurophysiological biomarkers for epileptogenic zones from EEG recordings.Approach. We introduced PyHFO, which enables time-efficient high-frequency oscillation (HFO) detection algorithms like short-term energy and Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital detectors. It incorporates DL models for artifact and HFO with spike classification, designed to operate efficiently on standard computer hardware.Main results. The validation of PyHFO was conducted on three separate datasets: the first comprised solely of grid/strip electrodes, the second a combination of grid/strip and depth electrodes, and the third derived from rodent studies, which sampled the neocortex and hippocampus using depth electrodes. PyHFO demonstrated an ability to handle datasets efficiently, with optimization techniques enabling it to achieve speeds up to 50 times faster than traditional HFO detection applications. Users have the flexibility to employ our pre-trained DL model or use their EEG data for custom model training.Significance. PyHFO successfully bridges the computational challenge faced in applying DL techniques to EEG data analysis in epilepsy studies, presenting a feasible solution for both clinical and research settings. By offering a user-friendly and computationally efficient platform, PyHFO paves the way for broader adoption of advanced EEG data analysis tools in clinical practice and fosters potential for large-scale research collaborations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yipeng Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Lawrence Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Yuanyi Ding
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Tonmoy Monsoor
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Atsuro Daida
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, UCLA Mattel Children’s Hospital, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Shingo Oana
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, UCLA Mattel Children’s Hospital, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Shaun Hussain
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, UCLA Mattel Children’s Hospital, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Raman Sankar
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, UCLA Mattel Children’s Hospital, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Aria Fallah
- Department of Neurosurgery, UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Cesar Santana-Gomez
- Department of Neurology, UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States of America
| | - Jerome Engel
- Department of Neurology, UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States of America
- Department of Neurobiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Richard J Staba
- Department of Neurology, UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States of America
| | - William Speier
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hiroki Nariai
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, UCLA Mattel Children’s Hospital, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Vwani Roychowdhury
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Panchavati S, Daida A, Edmonds B, Miyakoshi M, Oana S, Ahn SS, Arnold C, Salamon N, Sankar R, Fallah A, Speier W, Nariai H. Uncovering spatiotemporal dynamics of the corticothalamic network at ictal onset. Epilepsia 2024. [PMID: 38662128 DOI: 10.1111/epi.17990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although the clinical efficacy of deep brain stimulation targeting the anterior nucleus (AN) and centromedian nucleus (CM) of the thalamus has been actively investigated for the treatment of medication-resistant epilepsy, few studies have investigated dynamic ictal changes in corticothalamic connectivity in human electroencephalographic (EEG) recording. This study aims to establish the complex spatiotemporal dynamics of the ictal corticothalamic network associated with various seizure foci. METHODS We analyzed 10 patients (aged 2.7-28.1 years) with medication-resistant focal epilepsy who underwent stereotactic EEG evaluation with thalamic sampling. We examined both undirected and directed connectivity, incorporating coherence and spectral Granger causality analysis (GCA) between the diverse seizure foci and thalamic nuclei (AN and CM) at ictal onset. RESULTS In our analysis of 36 seizures, coherence between seizure onset and thalamic nuclei increased across all frequencies, especially in slower bands (delta, theta, alpha). GCA showed increased information flow from seizure onset to the thalamus across all frequency bands, but outflows from the thalamus were mainly in slower frequencies, particularly delta. In the subgroup analysis based on various seizure foci, the delta coherence showed a more pronounced increase at CM than at AN during frontal lobe seizures. Conversely, in limbic seizures, the delta coherence increase was greater at AN compared to CM. SIGNIFICANCE It appears that the delta frequency plays a pivotal role in modulating the corticothalamic network during seizures. Our results underscore the significance of comprehending the spatiotemporal dynamics of the corticothalamic network at ictal onset, and this knowledge could guide personalized responsive neuromodulation treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saarang Panchavati
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Atsuro Daida
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, UCLA Mattel Children's Hospital, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Benjamin Edmonds
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, UCLA Mattel Children's Hospital, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Makoto Miyakoshi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Shingo Oana
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, UCLA Mattel Children's Hospital, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Samuel S Ahn
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, UCLA Mattel Children's Hospital, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Corey Arnold
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Noriko Salamon
- Department of Radiology, UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Raman Sankar
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, UCLA Mattel Children's Hospital, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
- UCLA Children's Discovery and Innovation Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Aria Fallah
- Department of Neurosurgery, UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - William Speier
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Hiroki Nariai
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, UCLA Mattel Children's Hospital, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Radiology, UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Frauscher B, Rossetti AO, Beniczky S. Recent advances in clinical electroencephalography. Curr Opin Neurol 2024; 37:134-140. [PMID: 38230652 DOI: 10.1097/wco.0000000000001246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Clinical electroencephalography (EEG) is a conservative medical field. This explains likely the significant gap between clinical practice and new research developments. This narrative review discusses possible causes of this discrepancy and how to circumvent them. More specifically, we summarize recent advances in three applications of clinical EEG: source imaging (ESI), high-frequency oscillations (HFOs) and EEG in critically ill patients. RECENT FINDINGS Recently published studies on ESI provide further evidence for the accuracy and clinical utility of this method in the multimodal presurgical evaluation of patients with drug-resistant focal epilepsy, and opened new possibilities for further improvement of the accuracy. HFOs have received much attention as a novel biomarker in epilepsy. However, recent studies questioned their clinical utility at the level of individual patients. We discuss the impediments, show up possible solutions and highlight the perspectives of future research in this field. EEG in the ICU has been one of the major driving forces in the development of clinical EEG. We review the achievements and the limitations in this field. SUMMARY This review will promote clinical implementation of recent advances in EEG, in the fields of ESI, HFOs and EEG in the intensive care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Frauscher
- Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center & Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke Pratt School of Engineering, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Andrea O Rossetti
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sándor Beniczky
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund
- Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jia X, Shen Y, Yang J, Song R, Zhang W, Meng MQH, Liao JC, Xing L. PolypMixNet: Enhancing semi-supervised polyp segmentation with polyp-aware augmentation. Comput Biol Med 2024; 170:108006. [PMID: 38325216 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AI-assisted polyp segmentation in colonoscopy plays a crucial role in enabling prompt diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer. However, the lack of sufficient annotated data poses a significant challenge for supervised learning approaches. Existing semi-supervised learning methods also suffer from performance degradation, mainly due to task-specific characteristics, such as class imbalance in polyp segmentation. PURPOSE The purpose of this work is to develop an effective semi-supervised learning framework for accurate polyp segmentation in colonoscopy, addressing limited annotated data and class imbalance challenges. METHODS We proposed PolypMixNet, a semi-supervised framework, for colorectal polyp segmentation, utilizing novel augmentation techniques and a Mean Teacher architecture to improve model performance. PolypMixNet introduces the polyp-aware mixup (PolypMix) algorithm and incorporates dual-level consistency regularization. PolypMix addresses the class imbalance in colonoscopy datasets and enhances the diversity of training data. By performing a polyp-aware mixup on unlabeled samples, it generates mixed images with polyp context along with their artificial labels. A polyp-directed soft pseudo-labeling (PDSPL) mechanism was proposed to generate high-quality pseudo labels and eliminate the dilution of lesion features caused by mixup operations. To ensure consistency in the training phase, we introduce the PolypMix prediction consistency (PMPC) loss and PolypMix attention consistency (PMAC) loss, enforcing consistency at both image and feature levels. Code is available at https://github.com/YChienHung/PolypMix. RESULTS PolypMixNet was evaluated on four public colonoscopy datasets, achieving 88.97% Dice and 88.85% mIoU on the benchmark dataset of Kvasir-SEG. In scenarios where the labeled training data is limited to 15%, PolypMixNet outperforms the state-of-the-art semi-supervised approaches with a 2.88-point improvement in Dice. It also shows the ability to reach performance comparable to the fully supervised counterpart. Additionally, we conducted extensive ablation studies to validate the effectiveness of each module and highlight the superiority of our proposed approach. CONCLUSION PolypMixNet effectively addresses the challenges posed by limited annotated data and unbalanced class distributions in polyp segmentation. By leveraging unlabeled data and incorporating novel augmentation and consistency regularization techniques, our method achieves state-of-the-art performance. We believe that the insights and contributions presented in this work will pave the way for further advancements in semi-supervised polyp segmentation and inspire future research in the medical imaging domain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Jia
- School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Yutian Shen
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Jianhong Yang
- School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Ran Song
- School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Max Q-H Meng
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Joseph C Liao
- Department of Urology, Stanford University, Stanford, 94305, CA, USA; VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, 94304, CA, USA.
| | - Lei Xing
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, 94305, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Xing X, Zhu M, Chen Z, Yuan Y. Comprehensive learning and adaptive teaching: Distilling multi-modal knowledge for pathological glioma grading. Med Image Anal 2024; 91:102990. [PMID: 37864912 DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2023.102990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
The fusion of multi-modal data, e.g., pathology slides and genomic profiles, can provide complementary information and benefit glioma grading. However, genomic profiles are difficult to obtain due to the high costs and technical challenges, thus limiting the clinical applications of multi-modal diagnosis. In this work, we investigate the realistic problem where paired pathology-genomic data are available during training, while only pathology slides are accessible for inference. To solve this problem, a comprehensive learning and adaptive teaching framework is proposed to improve the performance of pathological grading models by transferring the privileged knowledge from the multi-modal teacher to the pathology student. For comprehensive learning of the multi-modal teacher, we propose a novel Saliency-Aware Masking (SA-Mask) strategy to explore richer disease-related features from both modalities by masking the most salient features. For adaptive teaching of the pathology student, we first devise a Local Topology Preserving and Discrepancy Eliminating Contrastive Distillation (TDC-Distill) module to align the feature distributions of the teacher and student models. Furthermore, considering the multi-modal teacher may include incorrect information, we propose a Gradient-guided Knowledge Refinement (GK-Refine) module that builds a knowledge bank and adaptively absorbs the reliable knowledge according to their agreement in the gradient space. Experiments on the TCGA GBM-LGG dataset show that our proposed distillation framework improves the pathological glioma grading and outperforms other KD methods. Notably, with the sole pathology slides, our method achieves comparable performance with existing multi-modal methods. The code is available at https://github.com/CUHK-AIM-Group/MultiModal-learning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Xing
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, USA
| | - Meilu Zhu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics (CAIR), Hong Kong Institute of Science & Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Yixuan Yuan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong; CUHK Shenzhen Research institute, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kerr WT, McFarlane KN. Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence Applications to Epilepsy: a Review for the Practicing Epileptologist. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2023; 23:869-879. [PMID: 38060133 DOI: 10.1007/s11910-023-01318-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) are data-driven techniques to translate raw data into applicable and interpretable insights that can assist in clinical decision making. Some of these tools have extremely promising initial results, earning both great excitement and creating hype. This non-technical article reviews recent developments in ML/AI in epilepsy to assist the current practicing epileptologist in understanding both the benefits and limitations of integrating ML/AI tools into their clinical practice. RECENT FINDINGS ML/AI tools have been developed to assist clinicians in almost every clinical decision including (1) predicting future epilepsy in people at risk, (2) detecting and monitoring for seizures, (3) differentiating epilepsy from mimics, (4) using data to improve neuroanatomic localization and lateralization, and (5) tracking and predicting response to medical and surgical treatments. We also discuss practical, ethical, and equity considerations in the development and application of ML/AI tools including chatbots based on Large Language Models (e.g., ChatGPT). ML/AI tools will change how clinical medicine is practiced, but, with rare exceptions, the transferability to other centers, effectiveness, and safety of these approaches have not yet been established rigorously. In the future, ML/AI will not replace epileptologists, but epileptologists with ML/AI will replace epileptologists without ML/AI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wesley T Kerr
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, 3471 Fifth Ave, Kaufmann 811.22, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, 3471 Fifth Ave, Kaufmann 811.22, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Katherine N McFarlane
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, 3471 Fifth Ave, Kaufmann 811.22, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ali E, Sayah MA, Dawood AAAS, Hamoody AHM, Hamoodah ZJ, Ramadan MF, Abbas HA, Alawadi A, Alsalamy A, Abbass R. CO 2 reduction reaction on Sc-doped nanocages as catalysts. J Mol Model 2023; 29:381. [PMID: 37985487 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-023-05776-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The catalytic ability of Sc-doped C46 and Sc-doped Al23P23 as catalysts of CO2-RR to create the CH4 and CH3OH is investigated. The mechanisms of CO2-RR are examined by theoretical methods and ΔGreaction of reaction steps of CO2-RR mechanisms are calculated. The overpotential of CH4 and CH3OH production on Sc-doped C46 and Sc-doped Al23P23 is calculated. The Sc atoms of Sc-doped C46 and Sc-doped Al23P23 can adsorb the CO2 molecule as the first step of CO2-RR. The CH4 is produced from hydrogenation of *CH3O and the *CO → *CHO reaction step is the rate limiting step for CH4 production. The CH3OH can be formed on Sc-doped C46 and Sc-doped Al23P23 by *CO → *CHO → *CH2O → *CH3O → CH3OH mechanism and HCOOH → *CHO → *CH2O → *CH3O → CH3OH mechanism. The Sc-C46 and Sc-Al23P23 can catalyze the CO2-RR to produce the CH4 and CH3OH by acceptable mechanisms. METHODS Here, the structures are optimized by PW91PW91/6-311+G (2d, 2p) and M06-2X/cc-pVQZ methods in GAMESS software. The frequencies of nanocages and their complexes with species of CO2-RR are investigated by mentioned methods. The transition state of each reaction step of CO2-RR is searched by Berny method to find the CO2-RR intermediates. The ∆Eadsorption of intermediates of CO2-RR on surfaces of nanocages is calculated and the ∆Greaction of reaction steps of CO2-RR is calculated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eyhab Ali
- Al-Zahraa University for Women, Karbala, Iraq
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hussein Abdullah Abbas
- College of Technical Engineering, National University of Science and Technology, Nasiriyah, Dhi Qar, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Alawadi
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
- College of Medical Technique, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
| | - Ali Alsalamy
- College of Technical Engineering, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Baghdad, Al-Muthanna, 66002, Iraq.
| | - Rathab Abbass
- Medical Technical College, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Monsoor T, Zhang Y, Daida A, Oana S, Lu Q, Hussain SA, Fallah A, Sankar R, Staba RJ, Speier W, Roychowdhury V, Nariai H. Optimizing detection and deep learning-based classification of pathological high-frequency oscillations in epilepsy. Clin Neurophysiol 2023; 154:129-140. [PMID: 37603979 PMCID: PMC10861270 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2023.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore sensitive detection methods for pathological high-frequency oscillations (HFOs) to improve seizure outcomes in epilepsy surgery. METHODS We analyzed interictal HFOs (80-500 Hz) in 15 children with medication-resistant focal epilepsy who underwent chronic intracranial electroencephalogram via subdural grids. The HFOs were assessed using the short-term energy (STE) and Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) detectors and examined for spike association and time-frequency plot characteristics. A deep learning (DL)-based classification was applied to purify pathological HFOs. Postoperative seizure outcomes were correlated with HFO-resection ratios to determine the optimal HFO detection method. RESULTS The MNI detector identified a higher percentage of pathological HFOs than the STE detector, but some pathological HFOs were detected only by the STE detector. HFOs detected by both detectors had the highest spike association rate. The Union detector, which detects HFOs identified by either the MNI or STE detector, outperformed other detectors in predicting postoperative seizure outcomes using HFO-resection ratios before and after DL-based purification. CONCLUSIONS HFOs detected by standard automated detectors displayed different signal and morphological characteristics. DL-based classification effectively purified pathological HFOs. SIGNIFICANCE Enhancing the detection and classification methods of HFOs will improve their utility in predicting postoperative seizure outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tonmoy Monsoor
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yipeng Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Atsuro Daida
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, UCLA Mattel Children's Hospital, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shingo Oana
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, UCLA Mattel Children's Hospital, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Qiujing Lu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shaun A Hussain
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, UCLA Mattel Children's Hospital, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aria Fallah
- Department of Neurosurgery, UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Raman Sankar
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, UCLA Mattel Children's Hospital, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA; The UCLA Children's Discovery and Innovation Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Richard J Staba
- Department of Neurology, UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - William Speier
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Vwani Roychowdhury
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hiroki Nariai
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, UCLA Mattel Children's Hospital, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA; The UCLA Children's Discovery and Innovation Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|