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Ghezzi MD, Napolitano F, Casas-Alvarado A, Hernández-Ávalos I, Domínguez-Oliva A, Olmos-Hernández A, Pereira AMF. Utilization of Infrared Thermography in Assessing Thermal Responses of Farm Animals under Heat Stress. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:616. [PMID: 38396584 PMCID: PMC10886350 DOI: 10.3390/ani14040616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Heat stress is a condition that can affect the health, performance, and welfare of farm animals. The perception of thermal stress leads to the activation of the autonomic nervous system to start a series of physiological and behavioral mechanisms to restore thermostability. One of these mechanisms is vasodilation of peripheral blood vessels to increase heat loss through the skin. Due to this aspect, infrared thermography has been suggested as a method to assess the thermal state of animals and predict rectal temperature values noninvasively. However, it is important to consider that predicting rectal temperature is challenging, and its association with IRT is not always a direct linear relationship. The present review aims to analyze the neurobiological response associated with heat stress and how thermal imaging in different thermal windows can be used to recognize heat stress in farmed ungulates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Daniel Ghezzi
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Research Center (CIVETAN), Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), CONICET-CICPBA, Tandil 7000, Argentina
| | - Fabio Napolitano
- Scuola di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università degli Studi della Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Alejandro Casas-Alvarado
- Neurophysiology, Behavior and Animal Welfare Assessment, DPAA, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM), Unidad Xochimilco, Mexico City 04960, Mexico
| | - Ismael Hernández-Ávalos
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuautitlan Izcalli 54714, Mexico
| | - Adriana Domínguez-Oliva
- Neurophysiology, Behavior and Animal Welfare Assessment, DPAA, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM), Unidad Xochimilco, Mexico City 04960, Mexico
| | - Adriana Olmos-Hernández
- Division of Biotechnology—Bioterio and Experimental Surgery, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación-Luis Guillermo Ibarra (INR-LGII), Mexico City 14389, Mexico
| | - Alfredo M. F. Pereira
- Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development (MED), Institute for Advanced Studies and Research, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal
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2
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Mota-Rojas D, Ghezzi MD, Hernández-Ávalos I, Domínguez-Oliva A, Casas-Alvarado A, Lendez PA, Ceriani MC, Wang D. Hypothalamic Neuromodulation of Hypothermia in Domestic Animals. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:513. [PMID: 38338158 PMCID: PMC10854546 DOI: 10.3390/ani14030513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
When an organism detects decreases in their core body temperature, the hypothalamus, the main thermoregulatory center, triggers compensatory responses. These responses include vasomotor changes to prevent heat loss and physiological mechanisms (e.g., shivering and non-shivering thermogenesis) for heat production. Both types of changes require the participation of peripheral thermoreceptors, afferent signaling to the spinal cord and hypothalamus, and efferent pathways to motor and/or sympathetic neurons. The present review aims to analyze the scientific evidence of the hypothalamic control of hypothermia and the central and peripheral changes that are triggered in domestic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Mota-Rojas
- Neurophysiology, Behavior and Animal Welfare Assessment, DPAA, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM), Mexico City 04960, Mexico
| | - Marcelo Daniel Ghezzi
- Animal Welfare Area, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences (FCV), Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), GIB, Tandil 7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ismael Hernández-Ávalos
- Clinical Pharmacology and Veterinary Anesthesia, Biological Sciences Department, FESC, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlán 54714, Mexico
| | - Adriana Domínguez-Oliva
- Neurophysiology, Behavior and Animal Welfare Assessment, DPAA, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM), Mexico City 04960, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Casas-Alvarado
- Neurophysiology, Behavior and Animal Welfare Assessment, DPAA, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM), Mexico City 04960, Mexico
| | - Pamela Anahí Lendez
- Anatomy Area, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), GIB/CISAPA, Tandil 7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Carolina Ceriani
- Anatomy Area, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), GIB/CISAPA, Tandil 7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Dehua Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
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3
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Lu L, Yang Y, Shi G, He X, Xu X, Feng Y, Wang W, Li Z, Yang J, Li B, Sun G. Alterations in mitochondrial structure and function in response to environmental temperature changes in Apostichopus japonicus. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 194:106330. [PMID: 38171258 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Global temperatures have risen as a result of climate change, and the resulting warmer seawater will exert physiological stresses on many aquatic animals, including Apostichopus japonicus. It has been suggested that the sensitivity of aquatic poikilothermal animals to climate change is closely related to mitochondrial function. Therefore, understanding the interaction between elevated temperature and mitochondrial functioning is key to characterizing organisms' responses to heat stress. However, little is known about the mitochondrial response to heat stress in A. japonicus. In this work, we investigated the morphological and functional changes of A. japonicus mitochondria under three representative temperatures, control temperature (18 °C), aestivation temperature (25 °C) and heat stress temperature (32 °C) temperatures using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation of mitochondrial morphology combined with proteomics and metabolomics techniques. The results showed that the mitochondrial morphology of A. japonicus was altered, with decreases in the number of mitochondrial cristae at 25 °C and mitochondrial lysis, fracture, and vacuolization at 32 °C. Proteomic and metabolomic analyses revealed 103 differentially expressed proteins and 161 differential metabolites at 25 °C. At 32 °C, the levels of 214 proteins and 172 metabolites were significantly altered. These proteins and metabolites were involved in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, substance transport, membrane potential homeostasis, anti-stress processes, mitochondrial autophagy, and apoptosis. Furthermore, a hypothetical network of proteins and metabolites in A. japonicus mitochondria in response to temperature changes was constructed based on proteomic and metabolomic data. These results suggest that the dynamic regulation of mitochondrial energy metabolism, resistance to oxidative stress, autophagy, apoptosis, and mitochondrial morphology in A. japonicus may play important roles in the response to elevated temperatures. In summary, this study describes the response of A. japonicus mitochondria to temperature changes from the perspectives of morphology, proteins, and metabolites, which provided a better understanding the mechanisms of mitochondrial regulation under environment stress in marine echinoderms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Lu
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, China
| | - Yu Yang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, China
| | - Guojun Shi
- Hekou District Science and Technology Bureau, China
| | - Xiaohua He
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, China
| | - Xiaohui Xu
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, China
| | - Yanwei Feng
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, China
| | - Weijun Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, China
| | - Zan Li
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, China
| | - Jianmin Yang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, China
| | - Bin Li
- Yantai Haiyu Marine Science and Technology Co. Ltd, Yantai, 264002, China
| | - Guohua Sun
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, China.
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4
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Sentís M, Pacioni C, De Cuyper A, Janssens GP, Lens L, Strubbe D. Biophysical models accurately characterize the thermal energetics of a small invasive passerine bird. iScience 2023; 26:107743. [PMID: 37720095 PMCID: PMC10504485 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective management of invasive species requires accurate predictions of their invasion potential in different environments. By considering species' physiological tolerances and requirements, biophysical mechanistic models can potentially deliver accurate predictions of where introduced species are likely to establish. Here, we evaluate biophysical model predictions of energy use by comparing them to experimentally obtained energy expenditure (EE) and thermoneutral zones (TNZs) for the common waxbill Estrilda astrild, a small-bodied avian invader. We show that biophysical models accurately predict TNZ and EE and that they perform better than traditional time-energy budget methods. Sensitivity analyses indicate that body temperature, metabolic rate, and feather characteristics were the most influential traits affecting model accuracy. This evaluation of common waxbill energetics represents a crucial step toward improved parameterization of biophysical models, eventually enabling accurate predictions of invasion risk for small (sub)tropical passerines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Sentís
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Cesare Pacioni
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Annelies De Cuyper
- Department of Veterinary and Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Geert P.J. Janssens
- Department of Veterinary and Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Luc Lens
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Diederik Strubbe
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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5
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Tamian A, Edwards PD, Neuhaus P, Boonstra R, Ruckstuhl AN, Emmanuel P, Pardonnet S, Palme R, Filippi D, Dobson FS, Saraux C, Viblanc VA. Weathering the storm: Decreased activity and glucocorticoid levels in response to inclement weather in breeding Columbian ground squirrels. Horm Behav 2023; 155:105426. [PMID: 37716083 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2023.105426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Inclement weather can rapidly modify the thermal conditions experienced by animals, inducing changes in their behavior, body condition, and stress physiology, and affecting their survival and breeding success. For animals living in variable environments, the extent to which they have adapted to cope with inclement weather is not established, especially for hibernating species with a short active season that are constrained temporally to breed and store energy for subsequent hibernation. We examined behavioral (foraging activity) and physiological (body mass and fecal cortisol metabolites) responses of Columbian ground squirrels (Urocitellus columbianus), small hibernating rodents inhabiting open meadows in Rocky Mountains, to 3 events of inclement weather (two snow storms in May 2021 and May 2022, one heavy rainfall in June 2022). We found that individuals adapted to inclement weather conditions by (1) reducing above-ground activity, including foraging, (2) decreasing the mobilization of stored resources as indicated by a decrease in the activity of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and lower fecal cortisol metabolites in the hours/days following periods of inclement weather; and (3) compensating through increased foraging and more local activity when favorable conditions resumed. As a result, body mass and growth did not decrease following short periods of inclement weather. Columbian ground squirrels were well-adapted to short periods of inclement weather, coping via modifications of their behavior and the activity of the HPA axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouch Tamian
- Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, CNRS, Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie, 23 Rue du Loess, 67037 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Phoebe D Edwards
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, ON M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Peter Neuhaus
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Rudy Boonstra
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, ON M1C 1A4, Canada
| | | | - Patience Emmanuel
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Sylvia Pardonnet
- Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, CNRS, Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie, 23 Rue du Loess, 67037 Strasbourg, France
| | - Rupert Palme
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dominique Filippi
- Sextant Technology Ltd., 131 Tutaenui Rd, RD2, 4788 Marton, New Zealand
| | - F Stephen Dobson
- Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, CNRS, Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie, 23 Rue du Loess, 67037 Strasbourg, France; Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Claire Saraux
- Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, CNRS, Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie, 23 Rue du Loess, 67037 Strasbourg, France
| | - Vincent A Viblanc
- Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, CNRS, Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie, 23 Rue du Loess, 67037 Strasbourg, France
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6
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Carneiro LDO, Mellado B, Nogueira MR, Cruz-Neto APD, Monteiro LR. Flight performance and wing morphology in the bat Carollia perspicillata: biophysical models and energetics. Integr Zool 2023; 18:876-890. [PMID: 36610047 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Studies on functional performance are important to understand the processes responsible for the evolution of diversity. Morphological trait variation within species influences the energetic cost of locomotion and impacts life history traits, with ecological and evolutionary consequences. This study examined wing morphology correlates of flight performance measured by energetic expenditure in the Seba's short-tailed bat, Carollia perspicillata. In the flight experiments, nature caught bats (59 females, 57 males) were allowed to fly for 3 min in a room. After each flight, thermographic images were taken to measure body temperature, and biophysical models were used to calculate sensible heat loss as a measure of energetic expenditure. Wing morphological traits were measured for each individual and associated with heat loss and power required to fly on performance surfaces. Wing morphological traits explained 7-10% of flight energetic cost, and morphologies with the best performance would save the energy equivalent to 9-30% of total daily requirements. The optimal performance areas within the C. perspicillata morphospace were consistent with predicted selection trends from the literature. A trade-off between demands for flight speed and maneuverability was observed. Wing loading and camber presented sexual dimorphism. These morphological differences are likely associated with more economical but less maneuverable flight in females, leading them to fly more often in open areas along the forest edge. Our findings demonstrate how small scale changes in wing morphology can affect life history strategies and fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas de Oliveira Carneiro
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Breno Mellado
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Marcelo Rodrigues Nogueira
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | | | - Leandro Rabello Monteiro
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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7
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Cruz E, Blanco E, Aujard F, Raskin K. Has Biomimicry in Architecture Arrived in France? Diversity of Challenges and Opportunities for a Paradigm Shift. Biomimetics (Basel) 2022; 7:biomimetics7040212. [PMID: 36546912 PMCID: PMC9775457 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics7040212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomimicry is a growing field of developing environmental innovations for materials, facade systems, buildings, and urban planning. In France, we observe an extensive diversity of initiatives in biomimicry for the development of regenerative cities. These initiatives blossom in a large range of areas, from education to urban policies, to achieve a major environmental, social and economic paradigm shift. To provide a comprehensive understanding of this development at the national scale, this paper presents and discusses the diversity of the developed initiatives over the last 10 years in six main fields-education, urban policies, fundamental and applied research, design demonstrators, arts, and communication. This research is an opportunistic study based on the analysis of these initiatives enriched by the feedback of the stakeholders collected by the authors working in the field of biomimicry over the last seven years. We identify that biomimicry in France has mainly extended through individual initiatives of teachers, territorial authorities, architectural studios, or researchers rather than through the support of public policies. Putting into perspective developments in biomimicry by other countries, this cross-discipline analysis provides recommendations for the extensive development of regenerative architecture and urbanism at the national scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estelle Cruz
- CEEBIOS, French Network in Biomimetics, 75004 Paris, France
- MECADEV UMR CNRS 7179-National Museum of Natural History of Paris, 91800 Brunoy, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Eduardo Blanco
- CEEBIOS, French Network in Biomimetics, 75004 Paris, France
- CESCO UMR 7204-National Museum of Natural History of Paris, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Fabienne Aujard
- MECADEV UMR CNRS 7179-National Museum of Natural History of Paris, 91800 Brunoy, France
| | - Kalina Raskin
- CEEBIOS, French Network in Biomimetics, 75004 Paris, France
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8
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Da Luz MPF, Maia CM, Puoli Filho JNP. Equine Rolling Behavior: Thermoregulation Mechanism After Exercise and Substrate Preference. J APPL ANIM WELF SCI 2022:1-10. [PMID: 36217635 DOI: 10.1080/10888705.2022.2132825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Rolling is a natural behavior of equids that is beneficial to their well-being. However, more intensive domestic environments offer fewer opportunities for animals to roll, neglecting its importance. We believe that the inclusion of recreational areas for animals, containing substrates and conditions that encourage the occurrence of natural behaviors, is essential to promote their well-being. Therefore, we evaluated the preference of horses (Equus caballus; n = 8) and mules (E. asinus x E. caballus; n = 8) for different rolling substrates (sand, grass, manure), and the influence of this behavior on thermoregulation after exercise. Horses rolled preferentially on grass, whereas mules preferred sand, both of which were cooler substrates when compared to manure. In addition, the temperature of the animals significantly reduced after rolling. Thus, horses and mules must roll for thermoregulation after exercise, choosing cooler and more efficient substrates for heat dissipation. The differences in preferences between mules and horses showed particularities between the equine species and its hybrid, which is important for management that is focused more on the individual animal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Pagliai Ferreira Da Luz
- Departament of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry (FMVZ), Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caroline Marques Maia
- Consciência Animal Initiative - Advisory, Consultancy and Solutions on Animal Behaviour and Welfare, Botucatu - SP, (Brazil)
- GilsonVolpato Institute of Scientific Education, Botucatu - SP, (Brazil)
| | - José Nicolau Próspero Puoli Filho
- Departament of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry (FMVZ), Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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9
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Kang H, Sole-Guitart A, Mellor VA, Gaughan JB, Zsoldos RR. The use of percutaneous thermal sensing microchips for non-invasive measurement of body temperature in foals during summer seasons in a subtropical region. Animal 2022; 16:100620. [PMID: 35994970 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2022.100620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Continuous accurate attainment of the body temperature of foals is important to detect early stages of severe heat stress or fever due to a systemic illness. Among a number of methods to measure body temperature, measuring rectal temperature with a digital thermometer is most frequently used due to being relatively fast and simple method. It is also comparatively accurate and correlates well with the core body temperature. However, this method requires restraining the foal for a few seconds to obtain the temperature, and it can be dangerous for the handling person. Percutaneous thermal sensing microchips (PTSMs) are a means of monitoring the body temperature of horses, which offers a non-invasive, hygienic, quick, and accurate way to measure body temperature and provide an identification number for each individual, once it is implanted. This study tested the hypothesis that PTSM has a strong relationship with a conventional body temperature measurement, i.e., measuring rectal temperature with a digital thermometer of foals during summer seasons. Thirty-two foals in three consecutive foaling seasons (2018, 2019, and 2020 season) were implanted a PTSM into the right pectoral muscle, the right splenius muscle, the right gluteal muscle, and the nuchal ligament as early as two weeks after birth. The four PTSM temperatures, rectal temperature, and climate conditions (air temperature, relative humidity, and wet-bulb globe temperature) were obtained simultaneously during the three summer seasons and paired for comparison analysis. Among the PTSM temperatures, the pectoral muscle had the highest correlation and the least differences with rectal temperature. Using PTSM was safe, easy, and reliable for attaining body temperature in foals.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kang
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Gatton 4343, Australia.
| | - A Sole-Guitart
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton 4343, Australia
| | - V A Mellor
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Gatton 4343, Australia
| | - J B Gaughan
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Gatton 4343, Australia
| | - R R Zsoldos
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Gatton 4343, Australia
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10
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Mota-Rojas D, Wang D, Titto CG, Martínez-Burnes J, Villanueva-García D, Lezama K, Domínguez A, Hernández-Avalos I, Mora-Medina P, Verduzco A, Olmos-Hernández A, Casas A, Rodríguez D, José N, Rios J, Pelagalli A. Neonatal infrared thermography images in the hypothermic ruminant model: Anatomical-morphological-physiological aspects and mechanisms for thermoregulation. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:963205. [PMID: 35990264 PMCID: PMC9386124 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.963205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypothermia is one factor associated with mortality in newborn ruminants due to the drastic temperature change upon exposure to the extrauterine environment in the first hours after birth. Ruminants are precocial whose mechanisms for generating heat or preventing heat loss involve genetic characteristics, the degree of neurodevelopment at birth and environmental aspects. These elements combine to form a more efficient mechanism than those found in altricial species. Although the degree of neurodevelopment is an important advantage for these species, their greater mobility helps them to search for the udder and consume colostrum after birth. However, anatomical differences such as the distribution of adipose tissue or the presence of type II muscle fibers could lead to the understanding that these species use their energy resources more efficiently for heat production. The introduction of unconventional ruminant species, such as the water buffalo, has led to rethinking other characteristics like the skin thickness or the coat type that could intervene in the thermoregulation capacity of the newborn. Implementing tools to analyze species-specific characteristics that help prevent a critical decline in temperature is deemed a fundamental strategy for avoiding the adverse effects of a compromised thermoregulatory function. Although thermography is a non-invasive method to assess superficial temperature in several non-human animal species, in newborn ruminants there is limited information about its application, making it necessary to discuss the usefulness of this tool. This review aims to analyze the effects of hypothermia in newborn ruminants, their thermoregulation mechanisms that compensate for this condition, and the application of infrared thermography (IRT) to identify cases with hypothermia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Mota-Rojas
- Neurophysiology, Behavior and Animal Welfare Assessment, DPAA, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM), Unidad Xochimilco, Mexico City, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Daniel Mota-Rojas
| | - Dehua Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Cristiane Gonçalves Titto
- Laboratório de Biometeorologia e Etologia, FZEA-USP, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Julio Martínez-Burnes
- Animal Health Group, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Victoria City, Mexico
| | - Dina Villanueva-García
- Division of Neonatology, National Institute of Health, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Karina Lezama
- Neurophysiology, Behavior and Animal Welfare Assessment, DPAA, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM), Unidad Xochimilco, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Adriana Domínguez
- Neurophysiology, Behavior and Animal Welfare Assessment, DPAA, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM), Unidad Xochimilco, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ismael Hernández-Avalos
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Patricia Mora-Medina
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Antonio Verduzco
- Division of Biotechnology—Bioterio and Experimental Surgery, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación-Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra (INR-LGII), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Adriana Olmos-Hernández
- Division of Biotechnology—Bioterio and Experimental Surgery, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación-Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra (INR-LGII), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Casas
- Neurophysiology, Behavior and Animal Welfare Assessment, DPAA, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM), Unidad Xochimilco, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Daniela Rodríguez
- Neurophysiology, Behavior and Animal Welfare Assessment, DPAA, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM), Unidad Xochimilco, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Nancy José
- Neurophysiology, Behavior and Animal Welfare Assessment, DPAA, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM), Unidad Xochimilco, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jennifer Rios
- Neurophysiology, Behavior and Animal Welfare Assessment, DPAA, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM), Unidad Xochimilco, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alessandra Pelagalli
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
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11
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Tamian A, Viblanc VA, Dobson FS, Neuhaus P, Hammer TL, Nesterova AP, Raveh S, Skibiel AL, Broussard D, Manno TG, Rajamani N, Saraux C. Integrating microclimatic variation in phenological responses to climate change: A 28‐year study in a hibernating mammal. Ecosphere 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.4059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anouch Tamian
- Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, CNRS Strasbourg France
| | - Vincent A. Viblanc
- Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, CNRS Strasbourg France
| | - F. Stephen Dobson
- Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, CNRS Strasbourg France
- Department of Biological Sciences Auburn University Auburn Alabama USA
| | - Peter Neuhaus
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Calgary Calgary Canada
| | - Tracey L. Hammer
- Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, CNRS Strasbourg France
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Calgary Calgary Canada
| | | | - Shirley Raveh
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine University of Glasgow Glasgow UK
| | - Amy L. Skibiel
- Department of Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences University of Idaho Moscow Idaho USA
| | - David Broussard
- Department of Biology Lycoming College Williamsport Pennsylvania USA
| | - Theodore G. Manno
- Science Department Catalina Foothills High School Tucson Arizona USA
| | - Nandini Rajamani
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Tirupati Andhra Pradesh India
| | - Claire Saraux
- Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, CNRS Strasbourg France
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12
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Molina Benavides R, Vélez Terranova M, Perilla Duque S, Campos Gaona R, Sánchez Guerrero H. Correlations between bulk tank milk analysis with weather conditions in dairy farms under tropical environments. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2022.2027290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sandra Perilla Duque
- Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Palmira, Colombia
| | - Rómulo Campos Gaona
- Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Palmira, Colombia
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13
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Efficacy and Function of Feathers, Hair, and Glabrous Skin in the Thermoregulation Strategies of Domestic Animals. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11123472. [PMID: 34944249 PMCID: PMC8697956 DOI: 10.3390/ani11123472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Animals adopt several strategies to regulate their body temperature by promoting heat loss or gain in hot and cold environments, respectively. This mechanism of heat loss or production is performed in thermal windows. A thermal window is a structure where many blood capillaries facilitate thermal exchange in this region. The presence of feathers, hair, or glabrous (hairless) skin and their structural characteristics greatly influence each species’ capacity to maintain thermal comfort. This factor needs to be considered when implementing new monitoring or measuring techniques such as infrared thermography since interpretations may vary due to the presence or absence of these structures. It is essential to recognize the effects of glabrous skin, hair, and feathers on thermoregulation to identify species-specific thermal windows that allow accurate evaluations of the thermal state of domestic animals. Abstract The objective of this review is to describe and analyze the effect of feathers, hair, and glabrous (hairless) skin on the thermoregulation of domestic and endotherm animals, especially concerning the uses and scope of infrared thermography (IRT), scientific findings on heat and cold stress, and differences among species of domestic animals. Clinical medicine considers thermoregulation a mechanism that allows animals to adapt to varying thermal environmental conditions, a process in which the presence of feathers, hair, or glabrous skin influences heat loss or heat retention, respectively, under hot and cold environmental conditions. Evaluating body temperature provides vital information on an individual’s physiological state and health status since variations in euthermia maintenance in vertebrates reflect a significant cellular metabolism deviation that needs to be assessed and quantified. IRT is a non-invasive tool for evaluating thermal responses under thermal stress conditions in animals, where the presence or absence of feathers, hair, and glabrous skin can affect readings and the differences detected. Therefore, anatomical regions, the characteristics of feathers, hair, glabrous skin such as structure, length, color, and extension, and strategies for dissipating or retaining heat together constitute a broad area of opportunity for future research into the phenomena of dermal thermoregulation in domestic species.
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Skok K, Duh M, Stožer A, Markota A, Gosak M. Thermoregulation: A journey from physiology to computational models and the intensive care unit. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. SYSTEMS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2020; 13:e1513. [PMID: 33251759 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Thermoregulation plays a vital role in homeostasis. Many species of animals as well as humans have evolved various physiological mechanisms for body temperature control, which are characteristically flexible and enable a fine-tuned spatial and temporal regulation of body temperature in different environmental conditions and circumstances. Human beings normally maintain a core body temperature at around 37°C, and maintenance of this relatively high temperature is critical for survival. Therefore, principles of thermoregulatory control have also important clinical implications. Infections can cause the body temperature to rise internally and several diseases can cause a dysfunction of thermoregulatory mechanisms. Moreover, the utilization of thermotherapies in treating various diseases has been known for thousands of years with a recent resurgence of interest. An increasing amount of research suggests that targeted temperature management is of paramount importance to patient outcomes in certain clinical scenarios. We provide a concise summary of the basic concepts of thermoregulation. Emphasis is given to the principles of thermoregulation in humans in basic pathological states and to targeted temperature management strategies in the clinical environment, with special attention on therapeutic hypothermia in postcardiac arrest patients. Finally, the discussion is focused on the potential offered by computational thermophysiological models for predicting thermal responses of patients in various clinical circumstances, for proposing new perspectives in the design of novel thermal therapies, and to optimize targeted temperature management strategies. This article is categorized under: Cardiovascular Diseases > Cardiovascular Diseases>Computational Models Cardiovascular Diseases > Cardiovascular Diseases>Environmental Factors Cardiovascular Diseases > Cardiovascular Diseases>Biomedical Engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristijan Skok
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital Graz II, Location West, Graz, Austria
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Maja Duh
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, Koros̆ka cesta, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Andraž Stožer
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Andrej Markota
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Medical Centre Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Marko Gosak
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, Koros̆ka cesta, Maribor, Slovenia
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15
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In utero heat stress alters postnatal phenotypes in swine. Theriogenology 2020; 154:110-119. [PMID: 32540511 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The prenatal environment influences offspring health and development, and this is readily apparent when considering the well-described effects of maternal nutrition and stress on the postnatal metabolism, neural function, and stress response of progeny. Moreover, in laboratory species, sheep, and humans, the effects of in utero heat stress on offspring development have been described in detail for >50 years. Despite our extensive knowledge of the postnatal phenotypes elicited by in utero stressors, the carryover effects of in utero heat stress in pigs have only recently begun to be elucidated. The effects of climate change on increasing global temperatures, combined with greater metabolic heat production in modern swine, has increased heat stress susceptibility in pigs. Greater heat stress susceptibility can negatively affect swine welfare and performance and may impact future generations of pigs through in utero heat stress. Pigs exposed to in utero heat stress develop a variety of postnatal phenotypes that prevent profitable production, and compromise health, and welfare in commercial production systems. Specifically, in utero heat stress alters the postnatal stress response, core body temperature, response to an immune challenge, and is teratogenic. In addition, in utero heat stress changes postnatal body composition through reduced lean and increased adipose tissue accretion rates, respectively. Furthermore, in utero heat stress reduces piglet birth weight, body weight gain, and reproductive efficiency. Although the economic impact of in utero heat stress in pigs has yet to be determined, it likely rivals the postnatal consequences of heat stress and is a threat to the global sustainability of swine production.
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16
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Bal NC, Periasamy M. Uncoupling of sarcoendoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase pump activity by sarcolipin as the basis for muscle non-shivering thermogenesis. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2020; 375:20190135. [PMID: 31928193 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermogenesis in endotherms relies on both shivering and non-shivering thermogenesis (NST). The role of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in NST is well recognized, but the role of muscle-based NST has been contested. However, recent studies have provided substantial evidence for the importance of muscle-based NST in mammals. This review focuses primarily on the role of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+-cycling in muscle NST; specifically, it will discuss recent data showing how uncoupling of sarcoendoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA) (inhibition of Ca2+ transport but not ATP hydrolysis) by sarcolipin (SLN) results in futile SERCA pump activity, increased ATP hydrolysis and heat production contributing to muscle NST. It will also critically examine how activation of muscle NST can be an important factor in regulating metabolic rate and whole-body energy homeostasis. In this regard, SLN has emerged as a powerful signalling molecule to promote mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative metabolism in muscle. Furthermore, we will discuss the functional interplay between BAT and muscle, especially with respect to how reduced BAT function in mammals could be compensated by muscle-based NST. Based on the existing data, we argue that SLN-mediated thermogenesis is an integral part of muscle NST and that muscle NST potentially contributed to the evolution of endothermy within the vertebrate clade. This article is part of the theme issue 'Vertebrate palaeophysiology'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naresh C Bal
- KIIT School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751021, India
| | - Muthu Periasamy
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
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17
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Tarazona AM, Ceballos MC, Broom DM. Human Relationships with Domestic and Other Animals: One Health, One Welfare, One Biology. Animals (Basel) 2019; 10:E43. [PMID: 31878310 PMCID: PMC7022888 DOI: 10.3390/ani10010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive human population growth, uncontrolled use of natural resources, including deforestation, mining, wasteful systems, biodiversity reduction by agriculture, and damaging climate change affect the existence of all animals, including humans. This discussion is now urgent and people are rethinking their links with the animals we use for clothing, food, work, companionship, entertainment, and research. The concepts of one health, one welfare, and one biology are discussed as a background to driving global change. Nothing should be exploited without considering the ethics of the action and the consequences. This review concerns domesticated animals, including those used for human consumption of meat, eggs, and milk; horses kept for work; and dogs kept for company. Animal welfare includes health, emotional state, and comfort while moving and resting, and is affected by possibilities to show behavior and relationships with others of the same species or with humans. We show some examples of the relations between humans and domesticated animals in the environmental context, including zoonotic diseases, and consider the consequences and the new paradigms resulting from current awareness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel M Tarazona
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Departamento de Producción Animal Medellín, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Antioquia 050034, Colombia
| | - Maria C Ceballos
- Grupo ETCO, Group of Studies and Research in Animal Ethology and Ecology, Jaboticabal-SP 14884-900, Brazil;
- Swine Teaching and Research Center, Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA 19348, USA
| | - Donald M Broom
- St Catharine’s College and Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK;
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