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Haudum S, Strasser P, Teasdale I. Phosphorus and Silicon-Based Macromolecules as Degradable Biomedical Polymers. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2300127. [PMID: 37326117 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic polymers are indispensable in biomedical applications because they can be fabricated with consistent and reproducible properties, facile scalability, and customizable functionality to perform diverse tasks. However, currently available synthetic polymers have limitations, most notably when timely biodegradation is required. Despite there being, in principle, an entire periodic table to choose from, with the obvious exception of silicones, nearly all known synthetic polymers are combinations of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen in the main chain. Expanding this to main-group heteroatoms can open the way to novel material properties. Herein the authors report on research to incorporate the chemically versatile and abundant silicon and phosphorus into polymers to induce cleavability into the polymer main chain. Less stable polymers, which degrade in a timely manner in mild biological environments, have considerable potential in biomedical applications. Herein the basic chemistry behind these materials is described and some recent studies into their medical applications are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Haudum
- Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, Linz, 4040, Austria
| | - Paul Strasser
- Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, Linz, 4040, Austria
| | - Ian Teasdale
- Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, Linz, 4040, Austria
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2
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Jing X, Xiong Z, Lin Z, Sun T. The Application of Black Phosphorus Nanomaterials in Bone Tissue Engineering. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122634. [PMID: 36559127 PMCID: PMC9787998 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, research on and the application of nanomaterials such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, and metal-organic frameworks has become increasingly popular in tissue engineering. In 2014, a two-dimensional sheet of black phosphorus (BP) was isolated from massive BP crystals. Since then, BP has attracted significant attention as an emerging nanomaterial. BP possesses many advantages such as light responsiveness, electrical conductivity, degradability, and good biocompatibility. Thus, it has broad prospects in biomedical applications. Moreover, BP is composed of phosphorus, which is a key bone tissue component with good biocompatibility and osteogenic repair ability. Thereby, BP exhibits excellent advantages for application in bone tissue engineering. In this review, the structure and the physical and chemical properties of BP are described. In addition, the current applications of BP in bone tissue engineering are reviewed to aid the future research and application of BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xirui Jing
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zekang Xiong
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zian Lin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Tingfang Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Correspondence:
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3
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Morodo R, Riva R, van den Akker NMS, Molin DG, Jerome C, Monbaliu JCM. Accelerating the End-to-end Production of Cyclic Phosphate Monomers with Modular Flow Chemistry. Chem Sci 2022; 13:10699-10706. [DOI: 10.1039/d2sc02891c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Biocompatibility, tunable degradability, broad functionalities of polyphosphoesters and their potential for biomedical applications stimulated a renewed interest from the Chemistry, Medicinal Chemistry and Polymer Sciences. Commercial applications of polyphosphoesters as...
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4
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Frassica MT, Jones SK, Suriboot J, Arabiyat AS, Ramirez EM, Culibrk RA, Hahn MS, Grunlan MA. Enhanced Osteogenic Potential of Phosphonated-Siloxane Hydrogel Scaffolds. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:5189-5199. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael T. Frassica
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3120, United States
| | - Sarah K. Jones
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3120, United States
| | - Jakkrit Suriboot
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3120, United States
| | - Ahmad S. Arabiyat
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-31590, United States
| | - Esteban M. Ramirez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3120, United States
| | - Robert A. Culibrk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-31590, United States
| | - Mariah S. Hahn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-31590, United States
| | - Melissa A. Grunlan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3120, United States
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3003, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255, United States
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5
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Strasser P, Teasdale I. Main-Chain Phosphorus-Containing Polymers for Therapeutic Applications. Molecules 2020; 25:E1716. [PMID: 32276516 PMCID: PMC7181247 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymers in which phosphorus is an integral part of the main chain, including polyphosphazenes and polyphosphoesters, have been widely investigated in recent years for their potential in a number of therapeutic applications. Phosphorus, as the central feature of these polymers, endears the chemical functionalization, and in some cases (bio)degradability, to facilitate their use in such therapeutic formulations. Recent advances in the synthetic polymer chemistry have allowed for controlled synthesis methods in order to prepare the complex macromolecular structures required, alongside the control and reproducibility desired for such medical applications. While the main polymer families described herein, polyphosphazenes and polyphosphoesters and their analogues, as well as phosphorus-based dendrimers, have hitherto predominantly been investigated in isolation from one another, this review aims to highlight and bring together some of this research. In doing so, the focus is placed on the essential, and often mutual, design features and structure-property relationships that allow the preparation of such functional materials. The first part of the review details the relevant features of phosphorus-containing polymers in respect to their use in therapeutic applications, while the second part highlights some recent and innovative applications, offering insights into the most state-of-the-art research on phosphorus-based polymers in a therapeutic context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Strasser
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz (JKU), Altenberger Straße 69, A-4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Ian Teasdale
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz (JKU), Altenberger Straße 69, A-4040 Linz, Austria
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6
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Liu L, Miao Y, Shi X, Gao H, Wang Y. Phosphorylated Chitosan Hydrogels Inducing Osteogenic Differentiation of Osteoblasts via JNK and p38 Signaling Pathways. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:1500-1509. [PMID: 33455392 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorous-containing biopolymers have been applied to expedite the regeneration of damaged bone tissue by stimulating the function of phosphorous groups in natural bones. However, the underlying mechanism of phosphorous-containing biopolymers in promoting osteogenic differentiation is unclarified. Herein, we synthesized phosphorylated chitosan hydrogels by incorporating phosphocreatine into chitosan molecular chains under mild conditions. The introduction of phosphate groups improved properties of protein adsorption and calcium deposition without affecting the morphology of hydrogels. Our results showed that phosphorylated chitosan hydrogels could not only promote alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralization but also upregulate the expression of osteogenic-related genes and proteins. Meanwhile, application of c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor SP600125 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor SB203580 repressed the expression of osteogenic-related markers in gene and protein levels. To the best of our knowledge, it is reported for the first time that phosphorous-containing biopolymers promote osteogenic differentiation of osteoblasts via JNK and p38 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- School of Material Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China.,National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yali Miao
- School of Material Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China.,National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xuetao Shi
- School of Material Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China.,National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510005 Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Huichang Gao
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yingjun Wang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China.,National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510005 Guangzhou, P. R. China
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7
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Polloni AE, Chiaradia V, do Amaral RJFC, Kearney C, Gorey B, de Oliveira D, de Oliveira JV, de Araújo PHH, Sayer C, Heise A. Polyesters with main and side chain phosphoesters as structural motives for biocompatible electrospun fibres. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00033g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The functionalisation of polymacrolactones with phosphoesters was achieved by thiol–ene coupling resulting in copolymers with modulated properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- André E. Polloni
- Department of Chemistry
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Engineering
| | - Viviane Chiaradia
- Department of Chemistry
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Engineering
| | - Ronaldo José F. C. do Amaral
- Kearney Lab & Tissue Engineering Research Group
- Anatomy Department
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Cathal Kearney
- Kearney Lab & Tissue Engineering Research Group
- Anatomy Department
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Brian Gorey
- FOCAS Research Institute
- Dublin Institute of Technology
- Dublin 8
- Ireland
| | - Débora de Oliveira
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Engineering
- Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC)
- Florianópolis
- Brazil
| | - José V. de Oliveira
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Engineering
- Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC)
- Florianópolis
- Brazil
| | - Pedro H. H. de Araújo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Engineering
- Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC)
- Florianópolis
- Brazil
| | - Claudia Sayer
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Engineering
- Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC)
- Florianópolis
- Brazil
| | - Andreas Heise
- Department of Chemistry
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
- Science Foundation Ireland Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CURAM)
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8
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Li N, Jiang L, Jin H, Wu Y, Liu Y, Huang W, Wei L, Zhou Q, Chen F, Gao Y, Zhu B, Zhang X. An enzyme-responsive membrane for antibiotic drug release and local periodontal treatment. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 183:110454. [PMID: 31473407 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic, destructive inflammatory disease that injures tooth- supporting tissues, eventually leading to tooth loss. Complete eradication of periodontal pathogenic microorganisms is fundamental to allow periodontal healing and commonly precedes periodontal tissue regeneration. To address this challenge, we report a strategy for developing an enzyme-mediated periodontal membrane for targeted antibiotic delivery into infectious periodontal pockets; the unique components of the membrane will also benefit periodontal alveolar bone repair. In this approach, a chitosan membrane containing polyphosphoester and minocycline hydrochloride (PPEM) was prepared. Physical, morphological, and ultrastructural analyses were carried out in order to assess cellular compatibility, drug release and antibacterial activity in vitro. Additionally, the functionality of the PPEM membrane was evaluated in vivo with a periodontal defect model in rats. The results confirm that the PPEM membrane exhibits good physical properties with excellent antibacterial activity and successfully promotes periodontal tissue repair, making it promising for periodontal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, 200011, Shanghai, China; Department of Stomatology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Liting Jiang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, 200011, Shanghai, China; Department of Stomatology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Jin
- Instrumental Analysis Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Instrumental Analysis Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yongjia Liu
- Instrumental Analysis Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Instrumental Analysis Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Li Wei
- Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Fengxian Central Hospital, South Campus of Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 201499, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Gao
- Department of Stomatology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Bangshang Zhu
- Instrumental Analysis Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Xiuyin Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, 200011, Shanghai, China.
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9
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Kunomura S, Iwasaki Y. Immobilization of polyphosphoesters on poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) for facilitating mineral coating. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2019; 30:861-876. [PMID: 31013199 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2019.1595305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) is an alternative material to metals for orthopedic applications. However, the compatibility of PEEK with hard tissues needs to be improved. To address this issue, this study proposes a novel technique for PEEK surface modifications. A polyphosphodiester macromonomer (PEPMA·Na) was synthesized via the demethylation of polyphosphotriester macromonomer obtained via the ring-opening polymerization of cyclic phosphoesters using 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylamide as the initiator. The surface modification of PEEK was performed via photoinduced and self-initiated graft polymerization of PEPMA·Na without using any photoinitiators. The amount of phosphorus due to poly(PEPMA·Na) immobilized on PEEK increased with an increase in the photoirradiation time. The PEEK surface turned hydrophilic due to poly(PEPMA·Na) grafting, with almost similar advancing and receding contact angles, implying that the modified PEEK surface (PEEK-g-poly(PEPMA·Na)) was homogeneous. Specimens were mineral coated by simple static soaking in ×1.5 simulated body fluid (1.5SBF) and by an alternative process that included additional soaking steps in 200 mM CaCl2 aq. and 200 mM K2HPO4 aq. before static soaking in 1.5SBF. Specimens were immersed in 1.5SBF for 28 days in simple static soaking, after which the PEEK-g-poly(PEPMA·Na) surface was completely covered with spherical cauliflower-like mineral deposits that resembled octacalcium phosphate (OCP). Their structural similarities were confirmed via X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analyses. However, these mineral deposits were not observed on the bare PEEK surface. Due to the additional soaking steps (alternative soaking) undertaken before the static soaking of the specimens in 1.5SBF, the mineral coating on the PEEK-g-poly(PEPMA·Na) was dramatically accelerated and the surface was fully covered with mineral deposits in only one day of soaking. The mineral deposits resulting from both the soaking processes had similar structures. Compared with bare PEEK, osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells proliferated more actively on mineral-coated PEEK-g-poly(PEPMA·Na). Thus, the surface immobilization of poly(PEPMA·Na) on a PEEK surface is effective for mineral coating and may be useful to provide hard-tissue compatibility on PEEK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Kunomura
- a Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering , Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University , Osaka , Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Iwasaki
- a Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering , Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University , Osaka , Japan
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10
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Bingol HB, Demir Duman F, Yagci Acar H, Yagci MB, Avci D. Redox-responsive phosphonate-functionalized poly(β-amino ester) gels and cryogels. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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11
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Guven M, Altuncu MS, Bal T, Oran DC, Gulyuz U, Kizilel S, Okay O, Avci D. Bisphosphonic Acid-Functionalized Cross-Linkers to Tailor Hydrogel Properties for Biomedical Applications. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:8638-8647. [PMID: 31458994 PMCID: PMC6644954 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Two bisphosphonic acid-functionalized cross-linkers (one novel) with different spacer chain characteristics were synthesized and incorporated into hydrogels by copolymerization with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate at different ratios to control the hydrogels' swelling, mechanical properties, and ability to support mineralization for biomedical applications. The cross-linkers were synthesized by reaction of 2-isocyanatoethyl methacrylate and bisphosphonated diamines followed by selective dealkylation of the bisphosphonate ester groups. The hydrogels provide in vitro growth of carbonated apatite, morphology affected by the cross-linker structure. The hydrogels exhibit a high Young's modulus E (up to 400 kPa) and can sustain up to 10.2 ± 0.1 MPa compressive stresses. E and hence the cross-link density significantly increases upon mineralization reflecting the formation of many bisphosphonate BP-Ca2+ bonds acting as additional cross-links. Cyclic mechanical tests reveal self-recoverability of hydrogels because of reversible nature of BP-Ca2+ bonds. The results suggest that these cross-linkers can add calcium-binding abilities to hydrogels synthesized from any monomer and improve their mechanical, swelling, and mineralization properties and hence are potentially useful materials for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melek
N. Guven
- Department
of Chemistry, Bogazici University, Bebek, 34342 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Merve S. Altuncu
- Department
of Chemistry, Bogazici University, Bebek, 34342 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tugba Bal
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koc University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sariyer, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilem C. Oran
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koc University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sariyer, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Umit Gulyuz
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Kirklareli University, Luleburgaz, 39750 Kirklareli, Turkey
| | - Seda Kizilel
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koc University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sariyer, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Oguz Okay
- Department
of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Duygu Avci
- Department
of Chemistry, Bogazici University, Bebek, 34342 Istanbul, Turkey
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12
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Iwasaki Y, Yokota A, Otaka A, Inoue N, Yamaguchi A, Yoshitomi T, Yoshimoto K, Neo M. Bone-targeting poly(ethylene sodium phosphate). Biomater Sci 2018; 6:91-95. [PMID: 29184942 DOI: 10.1039/c7bm00930e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ethylene sodium phosphate) (PEP·Na) showed excellent cytocompatibility and in vivo bone affinity. Moreover, PEP·Na did not interact with thrombin, which is a coagulation-related protein. Because immobilization of therapeutic agents and imaging probes on PEP·Na is easily performed, PEP·Na is a promising polymer for bone-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiko Iwasaki
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Kansai University, 3-3-35, Yamate-cho, Suita-shi, Osaka 564-8680, Japan.
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13
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Bauer KN, Tee HT, Velencoso MM, Wurm FR. Main-chain poly(phosphoester)s: History, syntheses, degradation, bio-and flame-retardant applications. Prog Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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14
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Sustained delivery of calcium and orthophosphate ions from amorphous calcium phosphate and poly(L-lactic acid)-based electrospinning nanofibrous scaffold. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45655. [PMID: 28361908 PMCID: PMC5374505 DOI: 10.1038/srep45655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate electrospinning poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanofibrous scaffold with different contents of amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP), which is suitable for using in bone regeneration through sustained release of calcium and orthophosphate ions. Three groups of nanofibrous scaffolds, ACP-free PLLA, ACP-5 wt%/PLLA and ACP-10 wt%/PLLA, are developed and characterized by scanning electron microscopy and gel permeation chromatography. Calcium and phosphate colorimetric assay kits are used to test ions released from scaffold during hydrolytic degradation. The results show ACP-5 wt%/PLLA and ACP-10 wt%/PLLA scaffolds have relatively high degradation rates than ACP-free PLLA group. The bioactivity evaluation further reveals that ACP-5 wt%/PLLA scaffold presents more biocompatible feature with pre-osteoblast cells and significant osteogenesis ability of calvarial bone defect. Due to the facile preparation method, sustained calcium and orthophosphate release behavior, and excellent osteogenesis capacity, the presented ACP/PLLA nanofibrous scaffold has potential applications in bone tissue engineering.
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15
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Niu X, Chen S, Tian F, Wang L, Feng Q, Fan Y. Hydrolytic conversion of amorphous calcium phosphate into apatite accompanied by sustained calcium and orthophosphate ions release. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 70:1120-1124. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.04.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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16
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Maisani M, Pezzoli D, Chassande O, Mantovani D. Cellularizing hydrogel-based scaffolds to repair bone tissue: How to create a physiologically relevant micro-environment? J Tissue Eng 2017; 8:2041731417712073. [PMID: 28634532 PMCID: PMC5467968 DOI: 10.1177/2041731417712073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering is a promising alternative to autografts or allografts for the regeneration of large bone defects. Cell-free biomaterials with different degrees of sophistication can be used for several therapeutic indications, to stimulate bone repair by the host tissue. However, when osteoprogenitors are not available in the damaged tissue, exogenous cells with an osteoblast differentiation potential must be provided. These cells should have the capacity to colonize the defect and to participate in the building of new bone tissue. To achieve this goal, cells must survive, remain in the defect site, eventually proliferate, and differentiate into mature osteoblasts. A critical issue for these engrafted cells is to be fed by oxygen and nutrients: the transient absence of a vascular network upon implantation is a major challenge for cells to survive in the site of implantation, and different strategies can be followed to promote cell survival under poor oxygen and nutrient supply and to promote rapid vascularization of the defect area. These strategies involve the use of scaffolds designed to create the appropriate micro-environment for cells to survive, proliferate, and differentiate in vitro and in vivo. Hydrogels are an eclectic class of materials that can be easily cellularized and provide effective, minimally invasive approaches to fill bone defects and favor bone tissue regeneration. Furthermore, by playing on their composition and processing, it is possible to obtain biocompatible systems with adequate chemical, biological, and mechanical properties. However, only a good combination of scaffold and cells, possibly with the aid of incorporated growth factors, can lead to successful results in bone regeneration. This review presents the strategies used to design cellularized hydrogel-based systems for bone regeneration, identifying the key parameters of the many different micro-environments created within hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Maisani
- Laboratory for Biomaterials & Bioengineering (CRC-I), Department Min-Met-Materials Engineering & Research Center CHU de Québec, Laval University, Québec City, QC, Canada
- Laboratoire BioTis, Inserm U1026, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Daniele Pezzoli
- Laboratory for Biomaterials & Bioengineering (CRC-I), Department Min-Met-Materials Engineering & Research Center CHU de Québec, Laval University, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Olivier Chassande
- Laboratoire BioTis, Inserm U1026, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Diego Mantovani
- Laboratory for Biomaterials & Bioengineering (CRC-I), Department Min-Met-Materials Engineering & Research Center CHU de Québec, Laval University, Québec City, QC, Canada
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17
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Zhang S, Zhao X, Li B, Bai C, Li Y, Wang L, Wen R, Zhang M, Ma L, Li S. "Stereoscopic" 2D super-microporous phosphazene-based covalent organic framework: Design, synthesis and selective sorption towards uranium at high acidic condition. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 314:95-104. [PMID: 27107239 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Revised: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
So far, only five primary elements (C, H, O, N and B) and two types of spatial configuration (C2-C4, C6 and Td) are reported to build the monomers for synthesis of covalent organic frameworks (COFs), which have partially limited the route selection for accessing COFs with new topological structure and novel properties. Here, we reported the design and synthesis of a new "stereoscopic" 2D super-microporous phosphazene-based covalent organic framework (MPCOF) by using hexachorocyclotriphosphazene (a P-containing monomer in a C3-like spatial configuration) and p-phenylenediamine (a linker). The as-synthesized MPCOF shows high crystallinity, relatively high heat and acid stability and distinctive super-microporous structure with narrow pore-size distributions ranging from 1.0-2.1nm. The results of batch sorption experiments with a multi-ion solution containing 12 co-existing cations show that in the pH range of 1-2.5, MPCOF exhibits excellent separation efficiency for uranium with adsorption capacity more than 71mg/g and selectivity up to record-breaking 92%, and furthermore, an unreported sorption capacity (>50mg/g) and selectivity (>60%) were obtained under strong acidic condition (1M HNO3). Studies on sorption mechanism indicate that the uranium separation by MPCOF in acidic solution is realized mainly through both intra-particle diffusion and size-sieving effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics & Technology, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Xiaosheng Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics & Technology, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Bo Li
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics & Technology, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Chiyao Bai
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics & Technology, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics & Technology, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics & Technology, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Rui Wen
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics & Technology, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Meicheng Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics & Technology, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Lijian Ma
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics & Technology, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Shoujian Li
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics & Technology, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610064, PR China.
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18
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Bhagat V, O’Brien E, Zhou J, Becker ML. Caddisfly Inspired Phosphorylated Poly(ester urea)-Based Degradable Bone Adhesives. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:3016-24. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b00875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vrushali Bhagat
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Emily O’Brien
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Jinjun Zhou
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Matthew L. Becker
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
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19
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Huang P, Bi X, Gao J, Sun L, Wang S, Chen S, Fan X, You Z, Wang Y. Phosphorylated poly(sebacoyl diglyceride) – a phosphate functionalized biodegradable polymer for bone tissue engineering. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:2090-2101. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb02542g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This study demonstrates a simply powerful way to make therapeutic materials: using small functional units (phosphates) to control bioactivity (osteogenesis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaoping Bi
- Department of Ophthalmology
- Shanghai Ninth Peoples' Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- School of Medicine
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Jin Gao
- Departments of Bioengineering, Chemical Engineering
- Surgery, and the McGowan Institute
- University of Pittsburgh
- Pittsburgh
- USA
| | - Lijie Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- P. R. China
| | - Shaofei Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- P. R. China
| | - Shuo Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- P. R. China
| | - Xianqun Fan
- Department of Ophthalmology
- Shanghai Ninth Peoples' Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- School of Medicine
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Zhengwei You
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- P. R. China
| | - Yadong Wang
- Departments of Bioengineering, Chemical Engineering
- Surgery, and the McGowan Institute
- University of Pittsburgh
- Pittsburgh
- USA
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20
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Hacker MC, Nawaz HA. Multi-Functional Macromers for Hydrogel Design in Biomedical Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:27677-706. [PMID: 26610468 PMCID: PMC4661914 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161126056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Contemporary biomaterials are expected to provide tailored mechanical, biological and structural cues to encapsulated or invading cells in regenerative applications. In addition, the degradative properties of the material also have to be adjustable to the desired application. Oligo- or polymeric building blocks that can be further cross-linked into hydrogel networks, here addressed as macromers, appear as the prime option to assemble gels with the necessary degrees of freedom in the adjustment of the mentioned key parameters. Recent developments in the design of multi-functional macromers with two or more chemically different types of functionalities are summarized and discussed in this review illustrating recent trends in the development of advanced hydrogel building blocks for regenerative applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Hacker
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology, Leipzig University, Eilenburger Str. 15a, D-04317 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Hafiz Awais Nawaz
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology, Leipzig University, Eilenburger Str. 15a, D-04317 Leipzig, Germany.
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21
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Watson BM, Vo TN, Tatara AM, Shah SR, Scott DW, Engel PS, Mikos AG. Biodegradable, phosphate-containing, dual-gelling macromers for cellular delivery in bone tissue engineering. Biomaterials 2015; 67:286-96. [PMID: 26232878 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Revised: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Injectable, biodegradable, dual-gelling macromer solutions were used to encapsulate mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) within stable hydrogels when elevated to physiologic temperature. Pendant phosphate groups were incorporated in the N-isopropyl acrylamide-based macromers to improve biointegration and facilitate hydrogel degradation. The MSCs were shown to survive the encapsulation process, and live cells were detected within the hydrogels for up to 28 days in vitro. Cell-laden hydrogels were shown to undergo significant mineralization in osteogenic medium. Cell-laden and acellular hydrogels were implanted into a critical-size rat cranial defect for 4 and 12 weeks. Both cell-laden and acellular hydrogels were shown to degrade in vivo and help to facilitate bone growth into the defect. Improved bone bridging of the defect was seen with the incorporation of cells, as well as with higher phosphate content of the macromer. Furthermore, direct bone-to-hydrogel contact was observed in the majority of implants, which is not commonly seen in this model. The ability of these macromers to deliver stem cells while forming in situ and subsequently degrade while facilitating bone ingrowth into the defect makes this class of macromers a promising material for craniofacial bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan M Watson
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tiffany N Vo
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Sarita R Shah
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - David W Scott
- Department of Statistics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77251, USA
| | - Paul S Engel
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX 77251, USA
| | - Antonios G Mikos
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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22
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Hrubý M, Filippov SK, Štěpánek P. Smart polymers in drug delivery systems on crossroads: Which way deserves following? Eur Polym J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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