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Iqbal MZ, Riaz M, Biedermann T, Klar AS. Breathing new life into tissue engineering: exploring cutting-edge vascularization strategies for skin substitutes. Angiogenesis 2024:10.1007/s10456-024-09928-6. [PMID: 38842751 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-024-09928-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Tissue-engineered skin substitutes (TESS) emerged as a new therapeutic option to improve skin transplantation. However, establishing an adequate and rapid vascularization in TESS is a critical factor for their clinical application and successful engraftment in patients. Therefore, several methods have been applied to improve the vascularization of skin substitutes including (i) modifying the structural and physicochemical properties of dermal scaffolds; (ii) activating biological scaffolds with growth factor-releasing systems or gene vectors; and (iii) developing prevascularized skin substitutes by loading scaffolds with capillary-forming cells. This review provides a detailed overview of the most recent and important developments in the vascularization strategies for skin substitutes. On the one hand, we present cell-based approaches using stem cells, microvascular fragments, adipose tissue derived stromal vascular fraction, endothelial cells derived from blood and skin as well as other pro-angiogenic stimulation methods. On the other hand, we discuss how distinct 3D bioprinting techniques and microfluidics, miRNA manipulation, cell sheet engineering and photosynthetic scaffolds like GelMA, can enhance skin vascularization for clinical applications. Finally, we summarize and discuss the challenges and prospects of the currently available vascularization techniques that may serve as a steppingstone to a mainstream application of skin tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zohaib Iqbal
- Tissue Biology Research Unit, Department of Surgery, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, CH-8952, Zurich, Switzerland
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mahrukh Riaz
- Tissue Biology Research Unit, Department of Surgery, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, CH-8952, Zurich, Switzerland
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Biedermann
- Tissue Biology Research Unit, Department of Surgery, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, CH-8952, Zurich, Switzerland
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Agnes S Klar
- Tissue Biology Research Unit, Department of Surgery, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, CH-8952, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Alizadeh S, Mahboobi L, Nasiri M, Khosrowpour Z, Khosravimelal S, Asgari F, Gholipour-Malekabadi M, Taghi Razavi-Toosi SM, Singh Chauhan NP, Ghobadi F, Nasiri H, Gholipourmalekabadi M. Decellularized Placental Sponge Seeded with Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improves Deep Skin Wound Healing in the Animal Model. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:2140-2152. [PMID: 38470456 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Skin injuries lead to a large burden of morbidity. Although numerous clinical and scientific strategies have been investigated to repair injured skin, optimal regeneration therapy still poses a considerable obstacle. To address this challenge, decellularized extracellular matrix-based scaffolds recellularized with stem cells offer significant advancements in skin regeneration and wound healing. Herein, a decellularized human placental sponge (DPS) was fabricated using the decellularization and freeze-drying technique and then recellularized with human adipose-derived mesenchymal cells (MSCs). The biological and biomechanical properties and skin full-thickness wound healing capacity of the stem cells-DPS constructs were investigated in vitro and in vivo. The DPS exhibited a uniform 3D microstructure with an interconnected pore network, 89.21% porosity, a low degradation rate, and good mechanical properties. The DPS and MSCs-DPS constructs were implanted in skin full-thickness wound models in mice. An accelerated wound healing was observed in the wounds implanted with the MSCs-DPS construct when compared to DPS and control (wounds with no treatment) during 7 and 21 days postimplantation follow-up. In the MSCs-DPS group, the wound was completely re-epithelialized, the epidermis layer was properly organized, and the dermis and epidermis' bilayer structures were restored after 7 days. Our findings suggest that DPS is an excellent carrier for MSC culture and delivery to skin wounds and now promises to proceed with clinical evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Alizadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14535, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14535, Iran
| | - Leila Mahboobi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14535, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14535, Iran
| | - Modara Nasiri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 19585, Iran
- Research Company Located in Islamic Azad University Science and Technology Park, Araz Fidar Azma, Tehran, 1477893855, Iran
| | - Zahra Khosrowpour
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14535, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14535, Iran
| | - Sadjad Khosravimelal
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14535, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14535, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Asgari
- Avicenna Infertility Clinic, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran 1985743413, Iran
| | | | - Seyyed Mohammad Taghi Razavi-Toosi
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Heshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht 41887-94755, Iran
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht 41887-94755, Iran
| | - Narendra Pal Singh Chauhan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Bhupal Nobles' University, Udaipur, Rajasthan 313001, India
| | - Faezeh Ghobadi
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 14588-89694, Iran
| | - Hajar Nasiri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14535, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14535, Iran
| | - Mazaher Gholipourmalekabadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14535, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14535, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14535, Iran
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Ali ASM, Berg J, Roehrs V, Wu D, Hackethal J, Braeuning A, Woelken L, Rauh C, Kurreck J. Xeno-Free 3D Bioprinted Liver Model for Hepatotoxicity Assessment. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1811. [PMID: 38339088 PMCID: PMC10855587 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is one of the most promising methodologies that are currently in development for the replacement of animal experiments. Bioprinting and most alternative technologies rely on animal-derived materials, which compromises the intent of animal welfare and results in the generation of chimeric systems of limited value. The current study therefore presents the first bioprinted liver model that is entirely void of animal-derived constituents. Initially, HuH-7 cells underwent adaptation to a chemically defined medium (CDM). The adapted cells exhibited high survival rates (85-92%) after cryopreservation in chemically defined freezing media, comparable to those preserved in standard medium (86-92%). Xeno-free bioink for 3D bioprinting yielded liver models with high relative cell viability (97-101%), akin to a Matrigel-based liver model (83-102%) after 15 days of culture. The established xeno-free model was used for toxicity testing of a marine biotoxin, okadaic acid (OA). In 2D culture, OA toxicity was virtually identical for cells cultured under standard conditions and in CDM. In the xeno-free bioprinted liver model, 3-fold higher concentrations of OA than in the respective monolayer culture were needed to induce cytotoxicity. In conclusion, this study describes for the first time the development of a xeno-free 3D bioprinted liver model and its applicability for research purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S. M. Ali
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, TIB 4/3-2, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, 13355 Berlin, Germany
| | - Johanna Berg
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, TIB 4/3-2, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, 13355 Berlin, Germany
| | - Viola Roehrs
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, TIB 4/3-2, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, 13355 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dongwei Wu
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, TIB 4/3-2, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, 13355 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Albert Braeuning
- Department Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), 10589 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Lisa Woelken
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Food Process Engineering, Technische Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany (C.R.)
| | - Cornelia Rauh
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Food Process Engineering, Technische Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany (C.R.)
| | - Jens Kurreck
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, TIB 4/3-2, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, 13355 Berlin, Germany
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Bashiri Z, Rajabi Fomeshi M, Ghasemi Hamidabadi H, Jafari D, Alizadeh S, Nazm Bojnordi M, Orive G, Dolatshahi-Pirouz A, Zahiri M, Reis RL, Kundu SC, Gholipourmalekabadi M. 3D-printed placental-derived bioinks for skin tissue regeneration with improved angiogenesis and wound healing properties. Mater Today Bio 2023; 20:100666. [PMID: 37273796 PMCID: PMC10239019 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM)-based bioinks has attracted much attention in recent years for 3D printing of native-like tissue constructs. Due to organ unavailability, human placental ECM can be an alternative source for the construction of 3D print composite scaffolds for the treatment of deep wounds. In this study, we use different concentrations (1.5%, 3% and 5%w/v) of ECM derived from the placenta, sodium-alginate and gelatin to prepare a printable bioink biomimicking natural skin. The printed hydrogels' morphology, physical structure, mechanical behavior, biocompatibility, and angiogenic property are investigated. The optimized ECM (5%w/v) 3D printed scaffold is applied on full-thickness wounds created in a mouse model. Due to their unique native-like structure, the ECM-based scaffolds provide a non-cytotoxic microenvironment for cell adhesion, infiltration, angiogenesis, and proliferation. In contrast, they do not show any sign of immune response to the host. Notably, the biodegradation, swelling rate, mechanical property, cell adhesion and angiogenesis properties increase with the increase of ECM concentrations in the construct. The ECM 3D printed scaffold implanted into deep wounds increases granulation tissue formation, angiogenesis, and re-epithelialization due to the presence of ECM components in the construct, when compared with printed scaffold with no ECM and no treatment wound. Overall, our findings demonstrate that the 5% ECM 3D scaffold supports the best deep wound regeneration in vivo, produces a skin replacement with a cellular structure comparable to native skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Bashiri
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Omid Fertility & Infertility Clinic, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Motahareh Rajabi Fomeshi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hatef Ghasemi Hamidabadi
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Immunogenetic Research Center, Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Davod Jafari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sanaz Alizadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Nazm Bojnordi
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Immunogenetic Research Center, Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Gorka Orive
- NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, 01009, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Av Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology-UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), 01007, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
| | | | - Maria Zahiri
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3Bs Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradable and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Guimaraes, Portugal
| | - Subhas C Kundu
- 3Bs Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradable and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Guimaraes, Portugal
| | - Mazaher Gholipourmalekabadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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