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Ofori S, Abebrese DK, Klement A, Provazník D, Tomášková I, Růžičková I, Wanner J. Impact of treated wastewater on plant growth: leaf fluorescence, reflectance, and biomass-based assessment. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2024; 89:1647-1664. [PMID: 38619895 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2024.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The study evaluated the impact of treated wastewater on plant growth through the use of hyperspectral and fluorescence-based techniques coupled with classical biomass analyses, and assessed the potential of reusing treated wastewater for irrigation without fertilizer application. Cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) were irrigated with tap water (Tap), secondary effluent (SE), and membrane effluent (ME). Maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) of tomato and cabbage was between 0.78 to 0.80 and 0.81 to 0.82, respectively, for all treatments. The performance index (PI) of Tap/SE/ME was 2.73, 2.85, and 2.48 for tomatoes and 4.25, 3.79, and 3.70 for cabbage, respectively. Both Fv/Fm and PI indicated that the treated wastewater did not have a significant adverse effect on the photosynthetic efficiency and plant vitality of the crops. Hyperspectral analysis showed higher chlorophyll and nitrogen content in leaves of recycled water-irrigated crops than tap water-irrigated crops. SE had 10.5% dry matter composition (tomato) and Tap had 10.7% (cabbage). Total leaf count of Tap/SE/ME was 86, 111, and 102 for tomato and 37, 40, and 42 for cabbage, respectively. In this study, the use of treated wastewater did not induce any photosynthetic-related or abiotic stress on the crops; instead, it promoted crop growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon Ofori
- Department of Water Technology and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Environmental Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6 - Dejvice, Prague, Czech Republic E-mail:
| | - David Kwesi Abebrese
- Department of Water Resources, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague 6 - Suchdol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Klement
- Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague 6 - Suchdol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Provazník
- Department of Genetics and Physiology of Forest Trees, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Prague 6 - Suchdol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Tomášková
- Department of Genetics and Physiology of Forest Trees, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Prague 6 - Suchdol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Iveta Růžičková
- Department of Water Technology and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Environmental Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6 - Dejvice, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Wanner
- Department of Water Technology and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Environmental Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6 - Dejvice, Prague, Czech Republic
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Lee J, Zhou X, Seo YO, Lee ST, Yun J, Yang Y, Kim J, Kang H. Effects of vegetation shift from needleleaf to broadleaf species on forest soil CO 2 emission. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 856:158907. [PMID: 36150592 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Forest soil harbors diverse microbial communities with decisive roles in ecosystem processes. Vegetation shift from needleleaf to broadleaf species is occurring across the globe due to climate change and anthropogenic activities, potentially change forest soil microbial communities and C cycle. However, our knowledge on the impact of such vegetation shift on soil microbial community and activities, and its consequences on forest soil C dynamics are still not well established. Here, we examined the seasonal variation of soil CO2 emission, soil extracellular enzyme activities (EEAs), and soil bacterial, fungal communities in subtropical forest from broadleaf, needleleaf, and mixed stands. In addition, soil CO2 emission and soil EEAs were measured in temperate forest during the growing season. Soil organic matter (SOM) content significantly differs between broadleaf and needleleaf forests and primarily distinguish various soil chemical and microbial characteristics. Significantly higher EEAs and soil CO2 emission in broadleaf forest compared to needleleaf forest were observed both in subtropical and temperate forests. The relative abundance of Basidiomycota positively correlated with SOM and EEAs and indirectly increase soil CO2 emission whereas the relative abundance of Ascomycota exhibits opposite trend, suggesting that soil fungal communities play a key role in determining the different microbial activities between broadleaf and needleleaf stands. The temperature sensitivity of soil CO2 emission was significantly higher in broadleaf forest compared to needleleaf forest, further suggesting that the soil organic carbon in broadleaf forests is more vulnerable to warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehyun Lee
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Republic of Korea; Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, MD, USA
| | - Xue Zhou
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Republic of Korea; College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, China
| | - Yeon Ok Seo
- Warm Temperate and Subtropical Forest Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Tae Lee
- Lab of Silvicultural Practices and Management, National Institute of Forest Science, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongeun Yun
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Republic of Korea
| | - Yerang Yang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhyun Kim
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojeong Kang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Republic of Korea.
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Allek A, Viany Prieto P, Korys KA, Rodrigues AF, Latawiec AE, Crouzeilles R. How does forest restoration affect the recovery of soil quality? A global meta‐analysis for tropical and temperate regions. Restor Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Allek
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro 68020 Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Rio Conservation and Sustainability Science Centre, Department of Geography and the Environment Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro 22453900 Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Pablo Viany Prieto
- Rio Conservation and Sustainability Science Centre, Department of Geography and the Environment Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro 22453900 Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Katarzyna Anna Korys
- Rio Conservation and Sustainability Science Centre, Department of Geography and the Environment Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro 22453900 Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- International Institute for Sustainability Rio de Janeiro RJ 22460‐320 Brazil
| | - Aline F. Rodrigues
- Rio Conservation and Sustainability Science Centre, Department of Geography and the Environment Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro 22453900 Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- International Institute for Sustainability Rio de Janeiro RJ 22460‐320 Brazil
| | - Agnieszka E. Latawiec
- Rio Conservation and Sustainability Science Centre, Department of Geography and the Environment Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro 22453900 Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- International Institute for Sustainability Rio de Janeiro RJ 22460‐320 Brazil
- Department of Production Engineering, Logistic and Applied Computer Sciences, Faculty of Production and Power Engineering University of Agriculture in Kraków, Balicka 116B 30‐149 Kraków Poland
- School of Environmental Science University of East Anglia Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
- Opole University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Process and Environmental Engineering ul. S. Mikołajczyka 5 45‐271 Opole Poland
| | - Renato Crouzeilles
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro 68020 Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Rio Conservation and Sustainability Science Centre, Department of Geography and the Environment Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro 22453900 Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- International Institute for Sustainability Rio de Janeiro RJ 22460‐320 Brazil
- International Institute for Sustainability Australia Canberra 2602, ACT Australia
- Universidade Veiga de Almeida 20271‐901 Rio de Janeiro Brazil
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Ofori S, Puškáčová A, Růžičková I, Wanner J. Treated wastewater reuse for irrigation: Pros and cons. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 760:144026. [PMID: 33341618 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The appropriateness of using treated wastewater for crop or agricultural irrigation remains a bone of contention among experts and policymakers. Here, we outline and analyze not only the benefits but also the drawbacks of such a practice in order to suggest a way forward. To ensure that our review reflects the state-of-the-art in terms of technological advances and best practices, only literature published in the last decade is considered except for literature on the history of reuse. The review begins by highlighting growing water scarcity, the history of wastewater reuse in agriculture, and the limitations of existing studies. A short overview of the approach used in the write-up is outlined after the introduction. It then proceeds with an in-depth look at three broad areas: environmental impacts, public health impacts, and economic impacts. In terms of environmental impacts, effects on soil quality, water resources, plant growth, and soil microbial communities are analyzed. For each sub-area, the positive effects are described before the negative ones. The same approach is then applied to public health impacts, the focus of which is on human exposure to heavy metals and pathogens, and economic impacts, which are assessed with particular reference to investment cost, financial benefit to wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), farm expenditure and income. Having weighed the advantages and disadvantages in each area, innovative measures are proposed for optimizing the benefits and mitigating the drawbacks of using treated wastewater for crop irrigation. Special consideration was given to contaminants of emerging concern and the known or perceived environmental and health risks associated with these contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon Ofori
- Department of Water Technology and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Environmental Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Praha 6 - Dejvice, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Adéla Puškáčová
- Department of Water Technology and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Environmental Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Praha 6 - Dejvice, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Iveta Růžičková
- Department of Water Technology and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Environmental Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Praha 6 - Dejvice, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Wanner
- Department of Water Technology and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Environmental Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Praha 6 - Dejvice, Prague, Czech Republic
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Abstract
The soil has lost organic matter in the past centuries. Adding organic matter to soils is one of the management practices applied to recover the levels of soil carbon of the past and to improve soil properties. Is it a good practice to reduce global warming? In fact, one of the practices promoted to combat climate change is increasing soil organic matter. However, the addition of organic residues to the soil could facilitate the liberation of CO2 and wastes could also have no positive effects on soil properties (i.e., pollution). In this sense, what it is important is: (a) to know which is the expected effect of the organic matter added to the soil; (b) how this application alters the soil processes; (c) which are the management practices that should be applied; (d) how much is the real amount of carbon sequester by the soil and; (e) the balance at short and long period after the application of the organic matter. The adequate strategy should be to favour the increment of biologically stabilized soil organic matter considering medium and long time. However, it is necessary to adapt the strategies to the local environmental conditions.
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Casazza G, Lumini E, Ercole E, Dovana F, Guerrina M, Arnulfo A, Minuto L, Fusconi A, Mucciarelli M. The abundance and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are linked to the soil chemistry of screes and to slope in the Alpic paleo-endemic Berardia subacaulis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171866. [PMID: 28192471 PMCID: PMC5305098 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Berardia subacaulis Vill. is a monospecific genus that is endemic to the South-western Alps, where it grows on alpine screes, which are extreme habitats characterized by soil disturbance and limiting growth conditions. Root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is presumably of great importance in these environments, because of its positive effect on plant nutrition and stress tolerance, as well as on structuring the soil. However, there is currently a lack of information on this topic. In this paper, we tested which soil characteristics and biotic factors could contribute to determining the abundance and community composition of AMF in the roots of B. subacaulis, which had previously been found to be mycorrhizal. For such a reason, the influence of soil properties and environmental factors on AMF abundance and community composition in the roots of B. subacaulis, sampled on three different scree slopes, were analysed through microscopic and molecular analysis. The results have shown that the AMF community of Berardia roots was dominated by Glomeraceae, and included a core of AMF taxa, common to all three scree slopes. The vegetation coverage and dark septate endophytes were not related to the AMF colonization percentage and plant community did not influence the root AMF composition. The abundance of AMF in the roots was related to some chemical (available extractable calcium and potassium) and physical (cation exchange capacity, electrical conductivity and field capacity) properties of the soil, thus suggesting an effect of AMF on improving the soil quality. The non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination of the AMF community composition showed that the diversity of AMF in the various sites was influenced not only by the soil quality, but also by the slope. Therefore, the slope-induced physical disturbance of alpine screes may contribute to the selection of disturbance-tolerant AMF taxa, which in turn may lead to different plant-fungus assemblages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erica Lumini
- Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante–CNR, Viale P.A. Mattioli 25, TORINO, Italy
| | - Enrico Ercole
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi, Università di Torino, Viale P.A. Mattioli 25, TORINO, Italy
| | - Francesco Dovana
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi, Università di Torino, Viale P.A. Mattioli 25, TORINO, Italy
| | - Maria Guerrina
- Università di Genova, DISTAV, Corso Europa 26, GENOVA, Italy
| | - Annamaria Arnulfo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi, Università di Torino, Viale P.A. Mattioli 25, TORINO, Italy
| | - Luigi Minuto
- Università di Genova, DISTAV, Corso Europa 26, GENOVA, Italy
| | - Anna Fusconi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi, Università di Torino, Viale P.A. Mattioli 25, TORINO, Italy
| | - Marco Mucciarelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi, Università di Torino, Viale P.A. Mattioli 25, TORINO, Italy
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