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Skuk D, Goulet M, Tremblay JP. Use of Repeating Dispensers to Increase the Efficiency of the Intramuscular Myogenic Cell Injection Procedure. Cell Transplant 2017; 15:659-63. [PMID: 17176617 DOI: 10.3727/000000006783981648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Intramuscular myoblast transplantation in humans and nonhuman primates requires precise repetitive cell injections very close to each other. Performed with syringes operated manually throughout large regions, this procedure takes a lot of time, becoming tiring and thus imprecise. We tested two repetitive dispensers with Hamilton syringes as cell injection devices to facilitate this procedure. Monkeys received intramuscular allotransplantations of β-galactosidase-labeled myoblasts, using either a monosyringe or a multisyringe repeating dispenser. The monosyringe repeating dispenser allowed performing cell injections faster and easier than with a manually operated syringe. The multisyringe dispenser accelerated the procedure still more, but it was not ergonomic. Biopsies of the myoblast-injected sites 1 month later showed abundant β-galactosidase-positive myofibers, with the same density and morphological pattern observed following myoblast transplantation with a syringe operated manually. We recommend the monosyringe repeating dispenser for myoblast transplantation in skeletal muscles and maybe in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Skuk
- Unité de recherche en Génétique humaine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
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Richard PL, Gosselin C, Laliberté T, Paradis M, Goulet M, Tremblay JP, Skuk D. A First Semimanual Device for Clinical Intramuscular Repetitive Cell Injections. Cell Transplant 2010. [DOI: 10.3727/096368909x578812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Intramuscular cell transplantation in humans requires so far meticulous repetitive cell injections. Performed percutaneously with syringes operated manually, the procedure is very time consuming and requires a lot of concentration to deliver the cells exactly in the required region. This becomes impractical and inaccurate for large volumes of muscle. In order to accelerate this task, to render it more precise, and to perform injections more reproducible in large volumes of muscle, we developed a specific semimanual device for intramuscular repetitive cell injections. Our prototype delivers very small quantities of cell suspension, homogeneously throughout several needles, from a container in the device. It was designed in order to deliver the cells as best as possible only in a given subcutaneous region (in our case, skeletal muscles accessible from the surface), avoiding wasting in skin and hypodermis. The device was tested in monkeys by performing intramuscular allotransplantations of β-galactosidase-labeled myoblasts. During transplantations, it was more ergonomic and considerably faster than manually operated syringes, facilitating the cell graft in whole limb muscles. Biopsies of the myoblast-injected muscles 1 month later showed abundant β-galactosidase-positive myofibers with homogeneous distribution through the biopsy sections. This is the first device specifically designed for the needs of intramuscular cell transplantation in a clinical context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Luc Richard
- Robotics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Clément Gosselin
- Robotics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Thierry Laliberté
- Robotics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Martin Paradis
- Research Unit on Human Genetics, CHUL Research Center, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marlyne Goulet
- Research Unit on Human Genetics, CHUL Research Center, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Daniel Skuk
- Research Unit on Human Genetics, CHUL Research Center, Quebec, Canada
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Crittenden MR, Thanarajasingam U, Vile RG, Gough MJ. Intratumoral immunotherapy: using the tumour against itself. Immunology 2005; 114:11-22. [PMID: 15606790 PMCID: PMC1782057 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2004.02001.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2004] [Revised: 09/16/2004] [Accepted: 09/17/2004] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Summary Diverse immunotherapy approaches have achieved success in controlling individual aspects of immune responses in animal models. Transfer of such immunotherapies to clinical trials has obtained some success in patients, with clinical responses observed or effective antigen specific immune responses achieved, but has had limited impact on patient survival. Key elements required to generate de novo cell-mediated antitumour immune responses in vivo include recruitment of antigen-presenting cells to the tumour site, loading these cells with antigen, and their migration and maturation to full antigen-presenting function. In addition, it is essential for antigen-specific T cells to locate the tumour to mediate cytotoxicity, emphasizing the need for local inflammation to target effector cell recruitment. We review those therapies that involve the tumour site as a target and source of antigen for the initiation of immune responses, and discuss strategies to generate and co-ordinate an optimal cell-mediated immune response to control tumours locally.
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von Degenfeld G, Banfi A, Springer ML, Blau HM. Myoblast-mediated gene transfer for therapeutic angiogenesis and arteriogenesis. Br J Pharmacol 2004; 140:620-6. [PMID: 14534145 PMCID: PMC1574078 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0705492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic angiogenesis aims at generating new blood vessels by delivering growth factors such as VEGF and FGF. Clinical trials are underway in patients with peripheral vascular and coronary heart disease. However, increasing evidence indicates that the new vasculature needs to be stabilized to avoid deleterious effects such as edema and hemangioma formation. Moreover, a major challenge is to induce new vessels that persist following cessation of the angiogenic stimulus. Mature vessels may be generated by modulating timing and dosage of growth factor expression, or by combination of 'growth' factors with 'maturation' factors like PDGF-BB, angiopoietin-1 or TGF-beta. Myoblast-mediated gene transfer has unique characteristics that make it a useful tool for studying promising novel approaches to therapeutic angiogenesis. It affords robust and long-lasting expression, and can be considered as a relatively rapid form of 'adult transgenesis' in muscle. The combined insertion of different gene constructs into single myoblasts and their progeny allows the simultaneous expression of different 'growth' and 'maturation' factors within the same cell in vivo. The additional insertion of a reporter gene makes it possible to analyze the phenotype of the vessels surrounding the transgenic muscle fibers into which the myoblasts have fused. The effects of timing and duration of gene expression can be studied by using tetracycline-inducible constructs, and dosage effects by selecting subpopulations consistently expressing distinct levels of growth factors. Finally, the autologous cell-based approach using transduced myoblasts could be an alternative gene delivery system for therapeutic angiogenesis in patients, avoiding the toxicities seen with some viral vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georges von Degenfeld
- Baxter Laboratory in Genetic Pharmacology, Departments of Molecular Pharmacology and Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 269 Campus Drive, CCSR 4215A, Stanford, CA 94305-5175, U.S.A
| | - Andrea Banfi
- Baxter Laboratory in Genetic Pharmacology, Departments of Molecular Pharmacology and Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 269 Campus Drive, CCSR 4215A, Stanford, CA 94305-5175, U.S.A
| | - Matthew L Springer
- Baxter Laboratory in Genetic Pharmacology, Departments of Molecular Pharmacology and Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 269 Campus Drive, CCSR 4215A, Stanford, CA 94305-5175, U.S.A
| | - Helen M Blau
- Baxter Laboratory in Genetic Pharmacology, Departments of Molecular Pharmacology and Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 269 Campus Drive, CCSR 4215A, Stanford, CA 94305-5175, U.S.A
- Author for correspondence:
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Skuk D, Caron N, Goulet M, Roy B, Espinosa F, Tremblay JP. Dynamics of the early immune cellular reactions after myogenic cell transplantation. Cell Transplant 2003; 11:671-81. [PMID: 12518894 DOI: 10.3727/000000002783985378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of immune cells in the early donor cell death/survival following myoblast transplantation is confusing, one of the reasons being the lack of data about the immune reactions following cell transplantation. We used outbred mice as hosts for transplantation of primary cultured muscle cells and T-antigen-immortalized myoblasts. The host muscles were analyzed 1 h to 7 days after cell injection. No net loss of the donor primary cultured cell population was observed in this period. The immune cellular reaction in this case was: 1) a brief (<48 h) neutrophil invasion; 2) macrophage infiltration from days 1 to 7; 3) a specific response involving CTL and few NK cells (days 6 and 7), preceded by a low CD4+ cell infiltration starting at day 3. In contrast, donor-immortalized myoblasts completely disappeared during the 7-day follow-up. In this case, an intense infiltration of CTL and macrophages, with moderate CD4+ infiltration and lower amounts of NK cells, was observed starting at day 2. The nonspecific immune response at days 0 and 1 was similar for both types of donor cells. The present observations set a basis to interpret the role of immune cells on the early death/survival of donor cells following myoblast transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Skuk
- Unité de recherche en Génétique humaine, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval, CHUL du CHUQ, Quebec, Canada G1V 4G2
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Dee K, Freer M, Mei Y, Weyman CM. Apoptosis coincident with the differentiation of skeletal myoblasts is delayed by caspase 3 inhibition and abrogated by MEK-independent constitutive Ras signaling. Cell Death Differ 2002; 9:209-18. [PMID: 11840171 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cdd.4400930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2001] [Revised: 06/25/2001] [Accepted: 07/13/2001] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate that during 23A2 skeletal myoblast differentiation, between 30-35% of the population apoptose. Both differentiation and apoptosis are controlled by the variables of cell density and time and these variables are inversely related. In response to conditions that permit both differentiation and apoptosis of parental 23A2 myoblasts, myoblasts rendered differentiation-defective by constitutive Ras signaling (A2:H-Ras myoblasts) do not apoptose. This is not merely a consequence of their differentiation-defective phenotype since myoblasts rendered differentiation-defective by expression of E1A (A2:E1A myoblasts) still apoptose. Although signaling through MEK is important to the survival of proliferating parental 23A2 myoblasts, constitutive signaling through MEK is not responsible for the survival of A2:H-Ras myoblasts. Finally, we demonstrate that caspase 3 is activated and that pharmacological inhibition of caspase 3 activity delays apoptosis without affecting differentiation. Abrogating apoptosis without affecting differentiation could be a useful approach to improve the efficacy of myoblast transfer in the treatment of muscular dystrophies.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Dee
- Department of Biology, Geology and Environmental Science, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA
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Moisset PA, Tremblay JP. Gene therapy: a strategy for the treatment of inherited muscle diseases? Curr Opin Pharmacol 2001; 1:294-9. [PMID: 11712754 DOI: 10.1016/s1471-4892(01)00052-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of new vectors of viral origin (recombinant adeno-associated viruses, second and third generation adenoviruses) and a new potential source of cells for transplantation (muscle-derived stem cells) are broadening the panel of therapeutic options for myopathies. Although the perfect gene-transfer method(s) have not yet been found, recent findings will certainly constitute a strong knowledge base for future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Moisset
- Human Genetics Unit, CHUL Research Center, Laval University, Ste-Foy, Quebec, Canada
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