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Dighe N, Khoury M, Mattar C, Chong M, Choolani M, Chen J, Antoniou MN, Chan JKY. Long-term reproducible expression in human fetal liver hematopoietic stem cells with a UCOE-based lentiviral vector. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104805. [PMID: 25118036 PMCID: PMC4130605 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic Stem Cell (HSC) targeted gene transfer is an attractive treatment option for a number of hematopoietic disorders caused by single gene defects. However, extensive methylation of promoter sequences results in silencing of therapeutic gene expression. The choice of an appropriate promoter is therefore crucial for reproducible, stable and long-term transgene expression in clinical gene therapy. Recent studies suggest efficient and stable expression of transgenes from the ubiquitous chromatin opening element (UCOE) derived from the human HNRPA2B1-CBX3 locus can be achieved in murine HSC. Here, we compared the use of HNRPA2B1-CBX3 UCOE (A2UCOE)-mediated transgene regulation to two other frequently used promoters namely EF1α and PGK in human fetal liver-derived HSC (hflHSC). Efficient transduction of hflHSC with a lentiviral vector containing an HNRPA2B1-CBX3 UCOE-eGFP (A2UCOE-eGFP) cassette was achieved at higher levels than that obtained with umbilical cord blood derived HSC (3.1x; p<0.001). While hflHSC were readily transduced with all three test vectors (A2UCOE-eGFP, PGK-eGFP and EF1α-eGFP), only the A2-UCOE construct demonstrated sustained transgene expression in vitro over 24 days (p<0.001). In contrast, within 10 days in culture a rapid decline in transgene expression in both PGK-eGFP and EF1α-eGFP transduced hflHSC was seen. Subsequently, injection of transduced cells into immunodeficient mice (NOD/SCID/Il2rg-/-) demonstrated sustained eGFP expression for the A2UCOE-eGFP group up to 10 months post transplantation whereas PGK-eGFP and EF1α-eGFP transduced hflHSC showed a 5.1 and 22.2 fold reduction respectively over the same time period. We conclude that the A2UCOE allows a more efficient and stable expression in hflHSC to be achieved than either the PGK or EF1α promoters and at lower vector copy number per cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niraja Dighe
- Experimental Fetal Medicine Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Maroun Khoury
- Interdisciplinary Research Group in Infectious Diseases, Singapore-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Citra Mattar
- Experimental Fetal Medicine Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mark Chong
- Experimental Fetal Medicine Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Division of Bioengineering, School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mahesh Choolani
- Experimental Fetal Medicine Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jianzhu Chen
- Interdisciplinary Research Group in Infectious Diseases, Singapore-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore, Singapore
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Michael N. Antoniou
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London School of Medicine, Guys Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jerry K. Y. Chan
- Experimental Fetal Medicine Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer and Stem Cell Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- * E-mail:
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2
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Development and limitations of lentivirus vectors as tools for tracking differentiation in prostate epithelial cells. Exp Cell Res 2010; 316:3161-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2010.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2010] [Revised: 07/31/2010] [Accepted: 08/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Abstract
In the past few years, the discovery of RNA-mediated gene
silencing mechanisms, like RNA interference (RNAi), has
revolutionized our understanding of eukaryotic gene expression.
These mechanisms are activated by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and
mediate gene silencing either by inducing the sequence-specific
degradation of complementary mRNA or by inhibiting mRNA
translation. RNAi now provides a powerful experimental tool to
elucidate gene function in vitro and in vivo, thereby opening new
exciting perspectives in the fields of molecular analysis and
eventually therapy of several diseases such as infections and
cancer. In hematology, numerous studies have described the
successful application of RNAi to better define the role of
oncogenic fusion proteins in leukemogenesis and to explore
therapeutic approaches in hematological malignancies. In this
review, we highlight recent advances and caveats relating to the
application of this powerful new methodology to hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Venturini
- Department of Hematology,
Hemostasis, and Oncology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Matthias Eder
- Department of Hematology,
Hemostasis, and Oncology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- *Matthias Eder: , *Michaela Scherr:
| | - Michaela Scherr
- Department of Hematology,
Hemostasis, and Oncology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- *Matthias Eder: , *Michaela Scherr:
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4
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Wagner AM, Schoeberlein A, Surbek D. Fetal gene therapy: opportunities and risks. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2009; 61:813-21. [PMID: 19426772 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2009.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2008] [Accepted: 04/28/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Advances in human prenatal medicine and molecular genetics have allowed the diagnosis of many genetic diseases early in gestation. In-utero transplantation of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) has been successfully used as a therapy in different animal models and recently also in human fetuses. Unfortunately, clinical success of this novel treatment is limited by the lack of donor cell engraftment in non-immunocompromised hosts and is thus restricted to diseases where the fetus is affected by severe immunodeficiency. Gene therapy using genetically modified autologous HSC circumvents allogeneic HLA barriers and constitutes one of the most promising new approaches to correct genetic deficits in the fetus. Recent developments of strategies to overcome failure of efficient transduction of quiescent hematopoietic cells include the use of new vector constructs and transduction protocols. These improvements open new perspectives for gene therapy in general and for prenatal gene transfer in particular. The fetus may be especially susceptible for successful gene therapy due to the immunologic naiveté of the immature hematopoietic system during gestation, precluding an immune reaction towards the transgene. Ethical issues, in particular those regarding treatment safety, must be taken into account before clinical trials with fetal gene therapy in human pregnancies can be initiated.
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5
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Abstract
During recent decades there have been major advances in the fields of thrombosis and haemostasis, in part through development of powerful molecular and genetic technologies. Nevertheless, genetic modification of megakaryocytes and generation of mutant platelets in vitro remains a highly specialized area of research. Developments are hampered by the low frequency of megakaryocytes and their progenitors, a poor efficiency of transfection and a lack of understanding with regard to the mechanism by which megakaryocytes release platelets. Current methods used in the generation of genetically modified megakaryocytes and platelets include mutant mouse models, cell line studies and use of viruses to transform primary megakaryocytes or haematopoietic precursor cells. This review summarizes the advantages, limitations and technical challenges of such methods, with a particular focus on recent successes and advances in this rapidly progressing field including the potential for use in gene therapy for treatment of patients with platelet disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Pendaries
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Institute for Biomedical Research, Wolfson Drive, The Medical School, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
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6
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Surbek D, Schoeberlein A, Wagner A. Perinatal stem-cell and gene therapy for hemoglobinopathies. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med 2008; 13:282-90. [PMID: 18420474 DOI: 10.1016/j.siny.2008.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Most genetic diseases of the lymphohematopoietic system, including hemoglobinopathies, can now be diagnosed early in gestation. However, as yet, prenatal treatment is not available. Postnatal therapy by hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation from bone marrow, mobilized peripheral blood, or umbilical cord blood is possible for several of these diseases, in particular for the hemoglobinopathies, but is often limited by a lack of histocompatible donors, severe treatment-associated morbidity, and preexisting organ damage that developed before birth. In-utero transplantation of allogeneic HSC has been performed successfully in various animal models and recently in humans. However, the clinical success of this novel treatment is limited to diseases in which the fetus is affected by severe immunodeficiency. The lack of donor cell engraftment in nonimmunocompromised hosts is thought to be due to immunologic barriers, as well as to competitive fetal marrow population by host HSCs. Among the possible strategies to circumvent allogeneic HLA barriers, the use of gene therapy by genetically corrected autologous HSCs in the fetus is one of the most promising approaches. The recent development of strategies to overcome failure of efficient transduction of quiescent hematopoietic cells using new vector constructs and transduction protocols opens new perspectives for gene therapy in general, as well as for prenatal gene transfer in particular. The fetus might be especially susceptible for successful gene therapy approaches because of the developing, expanding hematopoietic system during gestation and the immunologic naiveté early in gestation, precluding immune reaction towards the transgene by inducing tolerance. Ethical issues, in particular regarding treatment safety, must be addressed more closely before clinical trials with fetal gene therapy in human pregnancies can be initiated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Surbek
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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7
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Luzo ACM, Duarte ASS, Salles TSI, Queiroz MLS, Lorand-Metze I, Costa FF, Saad STO. Early proliferation of umbilical cord blood cells from premature neonates. Vox Sang 2007; 93:145-53. [PMID: 17683358 DOI: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2007.00936.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood (UCB) is an important source of haematopoietic stem cells; however, the behaviour of progenitor cells obtained from premature and full-term neonates is still a controversy subject. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate cell cycle parameters and the proliferative capacity of UCB progenitor cells from premature and full-term neonates. MATERIAL AND METHODS Clonogenic assays were performed with methylcellulose, medium supplemented with recombinant stimulating growth factors and the colonies were scored on the seventh day and the 14th day of culture. A cell cycle study was carried out by DNA analysis using flow cytometry and 30 000 events were acquired; p107 and p130 expressions were analysed by Western blotting. RESULTS Cultures obtained from UCB of premature neonates showed an early growth of colony-forming unit (CFU)-burst forming unit erythroid/CFU-granulocyte, erythrocyte, macrophage and megakaryocyte (BFU-E/GEMM), and CFU-granulocyte, macrophage (GM) by the seventh day of culture (P < 0.001). Therefore, the number and morphological characteristics of these colonies were comparable with those obtained from full-term neonates, on the 14th day of culture. At the 14th day, a large amount of CFU-GM was detected in the premature group (P < 0.0032). The premature culture on the 14th day showed fibroblasts and was comparable to those of full-term neonates on the 21st day in terms of number and morphology of the colonies. DNA analysis showed that the number of cells in S-phase was also higher in premature samples when compared to full-term neonates, P < 0.0021 (0 h = 12.8 vs. 2.5%; 16 h = 10.5 vs. 5.9%; 20 h = 13.5 vs. 10.3%; 24 h = 13.8 vs. 9.1%; 48 h = 14.0 vs. 5.4%; 72 h = 20.5 vs. 8.9%; 96 h = 13.8 vs. 7.7%). The Western blotting results demonstrated that p107 and p130 cell cycle protein expressions were higher in premature cells than in full-term cells. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the higher capacity of proliferation and early differentiation of premature UCB might not be related only to the amount of stem/progenitor cells but also to a different timing of cell cycle entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C M Luzo
- Hemocentro and Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), CEP 13083-970 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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8
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Mok HP, Javed S, Lever A. Stable gene expression occurs from a minority of integrated HIV-1-based vectors: transcriptional silencing is present in the majority. Gene Ther 2007; 14:741-51. [PMID: 17330088 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-based vectors are being increasingly used in vitro for gene transfer and in vivo for gene therapy. The proportion of integrated retroviral vectors that are silenced or remain transcriptionally active, and the stability of gene expression in the latter remains poorly explored. To study this, T cells were infected with an HIV-1-based vector construct containing a long terminal repeat-driven reporter gene. Only a small percentage of detectable integrated vector expressed gene product. In clones derived from cells with transcriptionally active vector, gene expression was remarkably stable with more than 80% continuing to express for greater than 18 months. Failure to continue expressing the vector was associated with epigenetic changes. Our data suggest that there are two forms of vector silencing: one occurring immediately after integration affecting the majority of the vectors, and one occurring in the much longer term affecting a small minority of vectors which had previously established expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- H P Mok
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Level 5, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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9
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Newman MB, Davis CD, Borlongan CV, Emerich D, Sanberg PR. Transplantation of human umbilical cord blood cells in the repair of CNS diseases. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2005; 4:121-30. [PMID: 14998772 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.4.2.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Cell transplantation therapies have been used to treat certain neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's and Huntington's disease. However, ethical concerns over the use of fetal tissues, and the inherent complexities of standardising the procurement, processing and transplantation methods of this tissue, have prompted the search for a source of cells that have less ethical stigmatisations, are readily available and can be easily standardised. Several sources of human cells that meet these principles have been under investigation. Cells from human umbilical cord blood (HUCB) are one source that is consistent with these principles; therefore, they have become of great interest in the field of cellular repair/replacement for the treatment of CNS diseases and injury. This review will focus on the advantages of HUCB cells as a source for cellular transplantation therapies, recent studies that have examined the potential of these cells in vitro to be directed towards neural phenotypes, and in vivo studies that have investigated the functional recovery of animals in a number of models of CNS injury and disease following administration of HUCB cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary B Newman
- Center of Excellence for Ageing and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, College of Medicine,Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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10
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Mahmood K, Prichard MN, Duke GM, Kemble GW, Spaete RR. Human cytomegalovirus plasmid-based amplicon vector system for gene therapy. GENETIC VACCINES AND THERAPY 2005; 3:1. [PMID: 15673469 PMCID: PMC548291 DOI: 10.1186/1479-0556-3-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2004] [Accepted: 01/26/2005] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We have constructed and evaluated the utility of a helper-dependent virus vector system that is derived from Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV). This vector is based on the herpes simplex virus (HSV) amplicon system and contains the HCMV orthologs of the two cis-acting functions required for replication and packaging of HSV genomes, the complex HCMV viral DNA replication origin (oriLyt), and the cleavage packaging signal (the a sequence). The HCMV amplicon vector replicated independently and was packaged into infectious virions in the presence of helper virus. This vector is capable of delivering and expressing foreign genes in infected cells including progenitor cells such as human CD34+ cells. Packaged defective viral genomes were passaged serially in fibroblasts and could be detected at passage 3; however, the copy number appeared to diminish upon serial passage. The HCMV amplicon offers an alternative vector strategy useful for gene(s) delivery to cells of the hematopoietic lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kutubuddin Mahmood
- MedImmune Vaccines Inc., 297 North Bernardo Avenue, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA
| | - Mark N Prichard
- MedImmune Vaccines Inc., 297 North Bernardo Avenue, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA
| | - Gregory M Duke
- MedImmune Vaccines Inc., 297 North Bernardo Avenue, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA
| | - George W Kemble
- MedImmune Vaccines Inc., 297 North Bernardo Avenue, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA
| | - Richard R Spaete
- MedImmune Vaccines Inc., 297 North Bernardo Avenue, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA
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11
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Zielske SP, Braun SE. Cytokines: Value-Added Products in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Gene Therapy. Mol Ther 2004; 10:211-9. [PMID: 15294167 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2004.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2004] [Accepted: 05/17/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Steven P Zielske
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 373 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
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12
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Schomber T, Kalberer CP, Wodnar-Filipowicz A, Skoda RC. Gene silencing by lentivirus-mediated delivery of siRNA in human CD34+ cells. Blood 2004; 103:4511-3. [PMID: 14988151 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2003-07-2397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To derive an efficient system for gene silencing in human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) we modified a lentiviral vector for small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery. For this purpose, an H1 promoter-driven siRNA expression cassette was introduced into a lentiviral vector, and the p53 mRNA was chosen as a target for siRNA-mediated gene silencing. Using the recombinant lentivirus we infected human cord blood-derived CD34+ cells and obtained a transfection efficiency of up to 50%, as determined by expression of enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). In EGFP-positive long-term culture-initiating cell (LTC-IC)- and colony-forming unit cell (CFU-C)-derived cells, we observed a reduction of p53 mRNA of up to 95%. Importantly, this reduction remained stable during several weeks of cell culture. Furthermore, p53 gene silencing resulted in decreased p21 mRNA levels and reduced the sensitivity of CD34+ cells toward the cytotoxic drug etoposide. Thus, lentiviral delivery of siRNA can allow for efficient and stable gene silencing in human HSCs and will be very valuable for further gene function studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibor Schomber
- Department of Research, Basel University Hospital, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
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13
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Abstract
Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) represent a large group of monogenic disorders of metabolism, which affect approximately 1 in 5000 live births. LSDs result from a single or multiple deficiency of specific lysosomal hydrolases, the enzymes responsible for the luminal catabolization of macromolecular substrates. The consequent accumulation of undigested metabolites in lysosomes leads to polysystemic dysfunction, including progressive neurologic deterioration, mental retardation, visceromegaly, blindness, and early death. In general, the residual amount of functional enzyme in lysosomes determines the severity and age at onset of the clinical symptoms, implying that even modest increases in enzyme activity might affect a cure. A key feature on which therapy for LSDs is based is the ability of soluble enzyme precursors to be secreted by one cell type and reinternalize by neighboring cells via receptor-mediated endocytosis and routed to lysosomes, where they function normally. In principle, somatic gene therapy could be the preferred treatment for LSDs if the patient's own cells could be genetically modified in vitro or in vivo to constitutively express high levels of the correcting enzyme and become the source of the enzyme in the patient. Both ex vivo and in vivo gene transfer methods have been experimented with for gene therapy of lysosomal disorders. Several of these methods have proved efficient for the transfer of genetic material into deficient cells in culture and reconstitution of enzyme activity. However, the same methods applied to humans or animal models have been giving inconsistent results, the bases of which are not fully understood. A broader knowledge of disease pathogenesis, facilitated by available, faithful animal models of LSDs, coupled to the development of better gene transfer systems as well as the understanding of vector host interactions will make somatic gene therapy for these devastating and complex diseases the most suitable therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra D'Azzo
- Department of Genetics and Tumor Cell Biology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA.
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14
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Bai Y, Soda Y, Izawa K, Tanabe T, Kang X, Tojo A, Hoshino H, Miyoshi H, Asano S, Tani K. Effective transduction and stable transgene expression in human blood cells by a third-generation lentiviral vector. Gene Ther 2003; 10:1446-57. [PMID: 12900759 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Difficulty in gene transduction of human blood cells, including hematopoietic stem cells, has hampered the development of gene therapy applications for hematological disorders, encouraging the development and use of new gene delivery systems. In this study, we used a third-generation self-inactivating (SIN) lentiviral vector system based on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) to improve transduction efficiency and prevent vector-related toxicity. The transduction efficiency of the HIV-1-based vector was compared directly with the Moloney murine leukemia virus (MLV) SIN vector in human leukemia cell lines. Initial transduction efficiencies were almost 100% for the HIV and less than 50% for the MLV vectors. Similar results were observed in 11 types of primary cells obtained from leukemia or myeloma patients. Transgene expression persisted for 8 weeks in cells transduced with the HIV vector, but declined with the MLV vector. In addition, resting peripheral blood lymphocytes and CD34(+) hematopoietic cells were transduced successfully with the HIV vector, but not with the MLV vector. Finally, we confirmed vector gene integration in almost all colony-forming cells transduced with the HIV vector, but not with the MLV vector. In conclusion, this lentiviral vector is an excellent gene transduction system for human blood cells because of its high gene transduction and host chromosome integration efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Bai
- Division of Molecular Therapy, Advanced Clinical Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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15
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Rivella S, May C, Chadburn A, Rivière I, Sadelain M. A novel murine model of Cooley anemia and its rescue by lentiviral-mediated human beta-globin gene transfer. Blood 2003; 101:2932-9. [PMID: 12480689 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2002-10-3305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients affected by beta-thalassemia major require lifelong transfusions because of insufficient or absent production of the beta chain of hemoglobin (Hb). A minority of patients are cured by allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. In the most severe of the hitherto available mouse models of beta-thalassemia, a model for human beta-thalassemia intermedia, we previously demonstrated that globin gene transfer in bone marrow cells is curative, stably raising Hb levels from 8.0-8.5 to 11.0-12.0 g/dL in long-term chimeras. To fully assess the therapeutic potential of gene therapy in the context of a lethal anemia, we now have created an adult model of beta(0)-thalassemia major. In this novel model, mice engrafted with beta-globin-null (Hbb(th3/th3)) fetal liver cells succumb to ineffective erythropoiesis within 60 days. These mice rapidly develop severe anemia (2-4 g/dL), massive splenomegaly, extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH), and hepatic iron overload. Remarkably, most mice (11 of 13) treated by lentivirus-mediated globin gene transfer were rescued. Long-term chimeras with an average 1.0-2.4 copies of the TNS9 vector in their hematopoietic and blood cells stably produced up to 12 g/dL chimeric Hb consisting of mu alpha(2):hu beta(2) tetramers. Pathologic analyses indicated that erythroid maturation was restored, while EMH and iron overload dramatically decreased. Thus, we have established an adult animal model for the most severe of the hemoglobinopathies, Cooley anemia, which should prove useful to investigate both genetic and pharmacologic treatments. Our findings demonstrate the remarkable efficacy of lentivirus-mediated globin gene transfer in treating a fulminant blood disorder and strongly support the efficacy of gene therapy in the severe hemoglobinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Rivella
- Department of Human Genetics/Medicine, the Gene Transfer and Somatic Cell Engineering Laboratory, and the Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
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16
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Zielske SP, Gerson SL. Cytokines, including stem cell factor alone, enhance lentiviral transduction in nondividing human LTCIC and NOD/SCID repopulating cells. Mol Ther 2003; 7:325-33. [PMID: 12668128 DOI: 10.1016/s1525-0016(03)00005-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) require extensive cytokine-mediated stimulation and proliferation for efficient transduction by oncoretroviral vectors. Since lentiviral vectors can transduce nondividing cells, the need for cytokine stimulation has been questioned. We studied HIV-based lentiviral transduction of human early hematopoietic progenitors from umbilical cord blood in the presence or absence of IL-3, IL-6, stem cell factor (SCF), and Flt-3L (36SF) or SCF alone and characterized the effects of these conditions on the stem cell phenotype. Gene transfer was significantly higher in the presence of 36SF in mass culture cells, CFC, LTCIC, and NOD/SCID repopulating cells (SRC). Transduction of primitive progenitor/stem cells was poor without cytokines, with only 12% LTCIC and 23% SRC transduced, compared to 59% in LTCIC and 81% in SRC with 36SF. SCF alone matched transduction rates of multiple cytokines with 70% in CFC. Cytokines prevented apoptosis, expanded CD34(+) cell number, and maintained CFC and LTCIC frequencies. Cytokine stimulation increased transduction of nondividing Ara-C-resistant and aphidicolin-inhibited cells similar to dividing cells. These data suggest that cytokines enhance lentiviral transduction of HSC, without requiring cell division, and maintain the stem cell phenotype. SCF stimulation alone was sufficient for high level transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven P Zielske
- Molecular Virology Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
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17
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Jin CH, Kusuhara K, Yonemitsu Y, Nomura A, Okano S, Takeshita H, Hasegawa M, Sueishi K, Hara T. Recombinant Sendai virus provides a highly efficient gene transfer into human cord blood-derived hematopoietic stem cells. Gene Ther 2003; 10:272-7. [PMID: 12571635 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3301877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are a promising target for gene therapy, however, the low efficiencies of gene transfer using currently available vectors face practical limitations. We have recently developed a novel and efficient gene transfer agent, namely recombinant Sendai virus (SeV), and we have here characterized SeV-mediated gene transfer to human cord blood (CB) HSCs and primitive progenitor cells (PPC) using the jelly fish green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene. Even at a relatively low titer (10 multiplicity of infections), SeV achieved highly efficient GFP expression in CB CD34(+) cells (85.5+/-5.8%), as well as more immature CB progenitor cells, CD34(+)AC133(+) (88.2+/-3.7%) and CD34(+)CD38(-) (84.6+/-5.7%) cells, without cytokines prestimulation, that was a clear contrast to the features of gene transfer using retroviruses. SeV-mediated gene transfer was not seriously affected by the cell cycle status. In vitro cell differentiation studies revealed that gene transfer occurred in progenitor cells of all lineages (GM-CFU, 73.0+/-11.1%; BFU-E, 24.7+/-4.0%; Mix-CFU, 59+/-4.0%; and total, 50.0+/-7.0%). These findings show that SeV could prove to be a promising vector for efficient gene transfer to CB HSCs, while preserving their ability to reconstitute the entire hematopoietic series.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Jin
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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Piacibello W, Bruno S, Sanavio F, Droetto S, Gunetti M, Ailles L, Santoni de Sio F, Viale A, Gammaitoni L, Lombardo A, Naldini L, Aglietta M. Lentiviral gene transfer and ex vivo expansion of human primitive stem cells capable of primary, secondary, and tertiary multilineage repopulation in NOD/SCID mice. Nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient. Blood 2002; 100:4391-400. [PMID: 12453876 DOI: 10.1182/blood.v100.13.4391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of advanced-generation lentiviral vectors to transfer the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene into human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) was studied in culture conditions that allowed expansion of transplantable human HSCs. Following 96 hours' exposure to flt3/flk2 ligand (FL), thrombopoietin (TPO), stem cell factor (SCF), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and overnight incubation with vector particles, cord blood (CB) CD34(+) cells were further cultured for up to 4 weeks. CD34(+) cell expansion was similar for both transduced and control cells. Transduction efficiency of nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient (NOD/SCID) repopulating cells (SRCs) was assessed by transplants into NOD/SCID mice. Mice that received transplants of transduced week 1 and week 4 expanded cells showed higher levels of human engraftment than mice receiving transplants of transduced nonexpanded cells (with transplants of 1 x 10(5) CD34(+) cells, the percentages of CD45(+) cells were 20.5 +/- 4.5 [week 1, expanded] and 27.2 +/- 8.2 [week 4, expanded] vs 11.7 +/- 2.5 [nonexpanded]; n = 5). The GFP(+)/CD45(+) cell fraction was similar in all cases (12.5% +/- 2.9% and 12.2% +/- 2.7% vs 12.7% +/- 2.1%). Engraftment was multilineage, with GFP(+)/lineage(+) cells. Clonality analysis performed on the bone marrow of mice receiving transduced and week 4 expanded cells suggested that more than one integrant likely contributed to the engraftment of GFP-expressing cells. Serial transplantations were performed with transduced week 4 expanded CB cells. Secondary engraftment levels were 10.7% +/- 4.3% (n = 12); 19.7% +/- 6.2% of human cells were GFP(+). In tertiary transplants the percentage of CD45(+) cells was lower (4.3% +/- 1.7%; n = 10); 14.8% +/- 5.9% of human cells were GFP(+), and human engraftment was multilineage. These results show that lentiviral vectors efficiently transduce HSCs, which can undergo expansion and maintain proliferation and self-renewal ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanda Piacibello
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Torino Medical School, Torino, Italy.
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Lapidot T, Kollet O. The essential roles of the chemokine SDF-1 and its receptor CXCR4 in human stem cell homing and repopulation of transplanted immune-deficient NOD/SCID and NOD/SCID/B2m(null) mice. Leukemia 2002; 16:1992-2003. [PMID: 12357350 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2402684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 330] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2002] [Accepted: 05/23/2002] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells are identified based on their functional ability to migrate via the blood circulation of transplanted recipients, to home to the host bone marrow and to durably repopulate this organ with high levels of maturing myeloid and lymphoid cells. While a small pool of undifferentiated stem cells with the potential to repeat the entire process in serially transplanted recipients is maintained within the bone marrow, maturing cells are continuously released into the circulation. In recent years pre-clinical, functional in vivo models for human stem cells have been developed, using immune-deficient mice or pre-immune, fetal sheep as recipients. The mechanism of human stem cell migration, homing and repopulation in transplanted immune-deficient NOD/SCID and NOD/SCID/B2m(null) mice as well as the accessory mediators that facilitate these processes, will be reviewed. In particular, the essential roles of the chemokine SDF-1 and its receptor CXCR4 which mediate and regulate stem cell homing and repopulation will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Lapidot
- Dept of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
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Surbek DV, Young A, Danzer E, Schoeberlein A, Dudler L, Holzgreve W. Ultrasound-guided stem cell sampling from the early ovine fetus for prenatal ex vivo gene therapy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2002; 187:960-3. [PMID: 12388986 DOI: 10.1067/mob.2002.126982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prenatal ex vivo gene therapy might be an effective and safe strategy with which to treat severe genetic disorders in utero. For this purpose, autologous fetal stem cells must be collected before the second trimester, transfected in vitro, and transplanted back to the fetus. The aim of this study was to determine whether stem cells can be sampled from the first trimester fetal liver in ongoing gestation. STUDY DESIGN Fetal liver stem cell sampling was performed in 21 ovine fetuses. Pregnant ewes at 57 +/- 2 gestational days were generally anesthesized. A 20-gauge needle was inserted transcutaneously into the fetal liver under ultrasound guidance. Fetal liver cells were sampled by suction. The numbers of nucleated cells and progenitor/stem cells were determined. RESULTS All 21 fetuses showed normal heart rate 5 minutes after the procedure. A mean (+/-SEM) of 2.07 +/- 0.5 x 10(7) nucleated cells and 172 +/- 53 colony-forming units per 10(5) cells (hematopoietic progenitors/stem cells) were collected. Fetal loss rate at term was 7 of 21 fetuses (33%). CONCLUSION This study shows that fetal liver cells can be collected in the early fetus with an ultrasound-guided technique. The number of fetal liver cells that are collectable is large enough for autologous transplantation and engraftment of genetically engineered (transfected) stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel V Surbek
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, University of Basel, Schanzenstrasse 46, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.
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