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Han Y, Gao H, Gan X, Liu J, Bao C, He C. Roles of IL-11 in the regulation of bone metabolism. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1290130. [PMID: 38352248 PMCID: PMC10862480 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1290130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone metabolism is the basis for maintaining the normal physiological state of bone, and imbalance of bone metabolism can lead to a series of metabolic bone diseases. As a member of the IL-6 family, IL-11 acts primarily through the classical signaling pathway IL-11/Receptors, IL-11 (IL-11R)/Glycoprotein 130 (gp130). The regulatory role of IL-11 in bone metabolism has been found earlier, but mainly focuses on the effects on osteogenesis and osteoclasis. In recent years, more studies have focused on IL-11's roles and related mechanisms in different bone metabolism activities. IL-11 regulates osteoblasts, osteoclasts, BM stromal cells, adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells, and chondrocytes. It's involved in bone homeostasis, including osteogenesis, osteolysis, bone marrow (BM) hematopoiesis, BM adipogenesis, and bone metastasis. This review exams IL-11's role in pathology and bone tissue, the cytokines and pathways that regulate IL-11 expression, and the feedback regulations of these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xinling Gan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | | | | | - Chengqi He
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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2
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Babaei M, Nasernejad B, Sharifikolouei E, Shokrgozar MA, Bonakdar S. Bioactivation of 3D Cell-Imprinted Polydimethylsiloxane Surfaces by Bone Protein Nanocoating for Bone Tissue Engineering. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:26353-26367. [PMID: 35936447 PMCID: PMC9352215 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Physical and chemical parameters that mimic the physiological niche of the human body have an influence on stem cell fate by creating directional signals to cells. Micro/nano cell-patterned polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrates, due to their ability to mimic the physiological niche, have been widely used in surface modification. Integration of other factors such as the biochemical coating on the surface can achieve more similar microenvironmental conditions and promote stem cell differentiation to the target cell line. Herein, we investigated the effect of physical topography, chemical functionalization by acid bone lysate (ABL) nanocoating, and the combined functionalization of the bone proteins' nanocoated surface and the topographically modified surface. We prepared four distinguishing surfaces: plain PDMS, physically modified PDMS by 3D cell topography patterning, chemically modified PDMS with bone protein nanocoating, and chemically modified nano 3D cell-imprinted PDMS by bone proteins (ABL). Characterization of extracted ABL was carried out by Bradford staining and sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis, followed by the MTT assay for evaluation of cell viability on ABL-coated PDMS. Moreover, field emission scanning electron microscopy and profilometry were used for the determination of optimal coating thickness, and the appropriate coating concentration was identified and used in the study. The binding and retention of ABL to PDMS were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and bicinchoninic acid assay. Sessile drop static water contact angle measurements on substrates showed that the combined chemical functionalization and nano 3D cell-imprinting on the PDMS surface improved surface wettability by 66% compared to plain PDMS. The results of ALP measurement, alizarin red S staining, immunofluorescence staining, and real-time PCR showed that the nano 3D cell-imprinted PDMS surface functionalized by extracted bone proteins, ABL, is able to guide the fate of adipose derived stem cellss toward osteogenic differentiation. Eventually, chemical modification of the cell-imprinted PDMS substrate by bone protein extraction not only improved the cell adhesion and proliferation but also contributed to the topographical effect itself and caused a significant synergistic influence on the process of osteogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahrokh Babaei
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University
of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran 15875-4413, Iran
| | - Bahram Nasernejad
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University
of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran 15875-4413, Iran
| | - Elham Sharifikolouei
- Department
of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico
di Torino, Turin 10129, Italy
| | | | - Shahin Bonakdar
- National
Cell Bank, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran
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Shibahara K, Hayashi K, Nakashima Y, Ishikawa K. Effects of Channels and Micropores in Honeycomb Scaffolds on the Reconstruction of Segmental Bone Defects. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:825831. [PMID: 35372306 PMCID: PMC8971796 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.825831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The reconstruction of critical-sized segmental bone defects is a key challenge in orthopedics because of its intractability despite technological advancements. To overcome this challenge, scaffolds that promote rapid bone ingrowth and subsequent bone replacement are necessary. In this study, we fabricated three types of carbonate apatite honeycomb (HC) scaffolds with uniaxial channels bridging the stumps of a host bone. These HC scaffolds possessed different channel and micropore volumes. The HC scaffolds were implanted into the defects of rabbit ulnar shafts to evaluate the effects of channels and micropores on bone reconstruction. Four weeks postoperatively, the HC scaffolds with a larger channel volume promoted bone ingrowth compared to that with a larger micropore volume. In contrast, 12 weeks postoperatively, the HC scaffolds with a larger volume of the micropores rather than the channels promoted the scaffold resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation. Thus, the channels affected bone ingrowth in the early stage, and micropores affected scaffold resorption and bone formation in the middle stage. Furthermore, 12 weeks postoperatively, the HC scaffolds with large volumes of both channels and micropores formed a significantly larger amount of new bone than that attained using HC scaffolds with either large volume of channels or micropores, thereby bridging the host bone stumps. The findings of this study provide guidance for designing the pore structure of scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keigo Shibahara
- Department of Biomaterials Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koichiro Hayashi
- Department of Biomaterials Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Nakashima
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kunio Ishikawa
- Department of Biomaterials Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Proteomic and genomic analysis of acid dentin lysate with focus on TGF-β signaling. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12247. [PMID: 34112817 PMCID: PMC8192760 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89996-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Particulate autologous tooth roots are increasingly used for alveolar bone augmentation; however, the proteomic profile of acid dentin lysate and the respective cellular response have not been investigated. Here we show that TGF-β1 is among the 226 proteins of acid dentin lysate (ADL) prepared from porcine teeth. RNA sequencing identified 231 strongly regulated genes when gingival fibroblasts were exposed to ADL. Out of these genes, about one third required activation of the TGF-β receptor type I kinase including interleukin 11 (IL11) and NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4). Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunoassay confirmed the TGF-β-dependent expression of IL11 and NOX4. The activation of canonical TGF-β signaling by ADL was further confirmed by the phosphorylation of Smad3 and translocation of Smad2/3, using Western blot and immunofluorescence staining, respectively. Finally, we showed that TGF-β activity released from dentin by acid lysis adsorbs to titanium and collagen membranes. These findings suggest that dentin particles are a rich source of TGF-β causing a major response of gingival fibroblasts.
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Kespohl B, Schumertl T, Bertrand J, Lokau J, Garbers C. The cytokine interleukin-11 crucially links bone formation, remodeling and resorption. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2021; 60:18-27. [PMID: 33940443 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2021.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bone development is a complex process that requires the activity of several different signaling pathways and cell types. It involves the coordinated action of osteoclasts (cells that are capable of resorbing bone), osteoblasts (cells that are able to form bone), osteocytes (cells that form a syncytial network within the bone), skeletal muscle cells and the bone marrow. In recent years, the cytokine interleukin-11 (IL-11), a member of the IL-6 family of cytokines, has emerged as an important regulatory protein for bone formation, remodeling and resorption. Furthermore, coding missense mutations in the IL11RA gene, which encodes the IL-11 receptor (IL-11R), have recently been linked to craniosynostosis, a human disease in which the sutures that line the head bones close prematurely. This review summarizes current knowledge about IL-11 and highlights its role in bone development and homeostasis. It further discusses the specificity and redundancy provided by the other members of the IL-6 cytokine family and how they facilitate signaling and cross-talk between skeletal muscle cells, bone cells and the bone marrow. We describe their actions in physiological and in pathological states and discuss how this knowledge could be translated into therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birte Kespohl
- Department of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Tim Schumertl
- Department of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jessica Bertrand
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Juliane Lokau
- Department of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Garbers
- Department of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, Magdeburg, Germany.
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TGF-β Activity of a Demineralized Bone Matrix. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020664. [PMID: 33440877 PMCID: PMC7827646 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Allografts consisting of demineralized bone matrix (DBM) are supposed to retain the growth factors of native bone. However, it is not clear if transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) is maintained in the acid-extracted human bone. To this aim, the aqueous solutions of supernatants and acid lysates of OraGRAFT® Demineralized Cortical Particulate and OraGRAFT® Prime were prepared. Exposing fibroblasts to the aqueous solution caused a TGF-β receptor type I kinase-inhibitor SB431542-dependent increase in interleukin 11 (IL11), NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4), and proteoglycan 4 (PRG4) expression. Interleukin 11 expression and the presence of TGF-β1 in the aqueous solutions were confirmed by immunoassay. Immunofluorescence further confirmed the nuclear translocation of Smad2/3 when fibroblasts were exposed to the aqueous solutions of both allografts. Moreover, allografts released matrix metalloprotease-2 activity and blocking proteases diminished the cellular TGF-β response to the supernatant. These results suggest that TGF-β is preserved upon the processing of OraGRAFT® and released by proteolytic activity into the aqueous solution.
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TGFβ activity released from platelet-rich fibrin adsorbs to titanium surface and collagen membranes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10203. [PMID: 32576959 PMCID: PMC7311486 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67167-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) contains a broad spectrum of bioactive molecules that can trigger several cellular responses. However, these molecules along with their upstream responses remain mostly uninvestigated. By means of proteomics we revealed that PRF lysates contain more than 650 proteins, being TGF-β one of the few growth factors found. To uncover the major target genes regulated by PRF lysates, gingival fibroblasts were exposed to lysates obtained from PRF membranes followed by a whole genome array. We identified 51 genes strongly regulated by PRF including IL11, NOX4 and PRG4 which are characteristic TGF-β target genes. RT-PCR and immunoassay analysis confirmed the TGF-β receptor I kinase-dependent increased expression of IL11, NOX4 and PRG4. The PRF-derived TGF-β activity was verified by the translocation of Smad2/3 into the nucleus along with the increased phosphorylation of Smad3. Considering that PRF is clinically used in combination with dental implants and collagen membranes, we showed here that PRF-derived TGF-β activity adsorbs to titanium implants and collagen membranes indicated by the changes in gene expression and immunoassay analysis. Our study points towards TGF-β as major target of PRF and suggest that TGF-β activity released by PRF adsorbs to titanium surface and collagen membranes
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Strauss FJ, Stähli A, Beer L, Mitulović G, Gilmozzi V, Haspel N, Schwab G, Gruber R. Acid bone lysate activates TGFβ signalling in human oral fibroblasts. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16065. [PMID: 30375456 PMCID: PMC6207660 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34418-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Demineralized bone matrix is a widely used allograft from which not only the inorganic mineral but also embedded growth factors are removed by hydrochloric acid (HCl). The cellular response to the growth factors released during the preparation of demineralized bone matrix, however, has not been studied. Here we investigated the in vitro impact of acid bone lysate (ABL) prepared from porcine cortical bone chips on oral fibroblasts. Proteomic analysis of ABL revealed a large spectrum of bone-derived proteins including TGF-β1. Whole genome microarrays and RT-PCR together with the pharmacologic blocking of TGF-β receptor type I kinase with SB431542 showed that ABL activates the TGF-β target genes interleukin 11, proteoglycan 4, and NADPH oxidase 4. Interleukin 11 expression was confirmed at the protein level by ELISA. Immunofluorescence and Western blot showed the nuclear localization of Smad2/3 and increased phosphorylation of Smad3 with ABL, respectively. This effect was independent of whether ABL was prepared from mandible, calvaria or tibia. These results demonstrate that TGF-β is a major growth factor that is removed upon the preparation of demineralized bone matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Josef Strauss
- Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Chile, Sergio Livingstone 943, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexandra Stähli
- Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lucian Beer
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis and Regeneration, Medical University Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Goran Mitulović
- Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine Proteomics Core Facility, Medical University Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Valentina Gilmozzi
- Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nina Haspel
- Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerhild Schwab
- Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Reinhard Gruber
- Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010, Bern, Switzerland.
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Panahipour L, Stähli A, Haiden N, Gruber R. TGF-β activity in cow milk and fermented milk products: An in vitro bioassay with oral fibroblasts. Arch Oral Biol 2018; 95:15-21. [PMID: 30036732 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Milk is a rich source of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β which supports intestinal mucosal homeostasis of infants. Milk may also have beneficial effects on the integrity of the oral cavity, its being part of the gastrointestinal tract. However, it is unclear if milk and fermented milk products provoke a TGF-β response in oral cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS Human gingival fibroblasts were exposed to pasteurized cow milk, yoghurt, sour milk, buttermilk and whey, followed by a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction of the TGF-β target genes interleukin11 (IL11), proteoglycan4 (PRG4), and NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4). Immunoassays were performed for IL11 and TGF-β in cell culture supernatant and milk products, respectively. Signaling was investigated with the TGF-β receptor type I kinase inhibitor SB431542. RESULTS We report here that pasteurized cow milk and the aqueous fractions of yoghurt, sour milk, buttermilk and whey enhanced the expression of IL11, NOX4 and PRG4 in gingival fibroblasts. Moreover, IL11 protein levels in the respective supernatant were significantly increased. Cow milk, yoghurt, sour milk and buttermilk contain approximately 1-2 ng TGF-β1, whereas active TGF-β1 is hardly detectable in whey. SB431542 reduced the response of gingival fibroblasts to pasteurized cow milk and fermented milk products based on IL11 release into the supernatant. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that gingival fibroblasts respond to pasteurized cow milk and to fermented milk products with an increased expression of TGF-β target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layla Panahipour
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexandra Stähli
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nadja Haiden
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Neonatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Reinhard Gruber
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Switzerland.
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Bone-Conditioned Medium Obtained From Calvaria, Mandible, and Tibia Cause an Equivalent TGF-β1 Response In Vitro. J Craniofac Surg 2018; 29:553-557. [DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000004251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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11
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Sawada K, Caballé-Serrano J, Bosshardt DD, Schaller B, Miron RJ, Buser D, Gruber R. Antiseptic solutions modulate the paracrine-like activity of bone chips: differential impact of chlorhexidine and sodium hypochlorite. J Clin Periodontol 2015; 42:883-891. [PMID: 26284317 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM Chemical decontamination increases the availability of bone grafts; however, it remains unclear whether antiseptic processing changes the biological activity of bone. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bone chips were incubated with four different antiseptic solutions including (1) povidone-iodine (0.5%), (2) chlorhexidine diguluconate (0.2%), (3) hydrogen peroxide (1%) and (4) sodium hypochlorite (0.25%). After 10 min. of incubation, changes in the capacity of the bone-conditioned medium (BCM) to modulate gene expression of gingival fibroblasts was investigated. RESULTS Conditioned medium obtained from freshly prepared bone chips increased the expression of TGF-β target genes interleukin 11 (IL11), proteoglycan4 (PRG4), NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4), and decreased the expression of adrenomedullin (ADM), and pentraxin 3 (PTX3) in gingival fibroblasts. Incubation of bone chips with 0.2% chlorhexidine, followed by vigorously washing resulted in a BCM with even higher expression of IL11, PRG4 and NOX4. These findings were also detected with a decrease in cell viability and an activation of apoptosis signalling. Chlorhexidine alone, at low concentrations, increased IL11, PRG4 and NOX4 expression, independent of the TGF-β receptor I kinase activity. In contrast, 0.25% sodium hypochlorite almost entirely abolished the activity of BCM, whereas the other two antiseptic solutions, 1% hydrogen peroxide and 0.5% povidone-iodine, had relatively no impact respectively. CONCLUSION These in vitro findings demonstrate that incubation of bone chips with chlorhexidine differentially affects the activity of the respective BCM compared to the other antiseptic solutions. The data further suggest that the main effects are caused by chlorhexidine remaining in the BCM after repeated washing of the bone chips.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosaku Sawada
- Department of Cranio Maxillofacial Surgery, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jordi Caballé-Serrano
- Department of Oral Surgery and Stomatology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dieter D Bosshardt
- Department of Oral Surgery and Stomatology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Robert K. Schenk Laboratory of Oral Histology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Benoit Schaller
- Department of Cranio Maxillofacial Surgery, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Richard J Miron
- Department of Oral Surgery and Stomatology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Buser
- Department of Oral Surgery and Stomatology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Reinhard Gruber
- Department of Oral Surgery and Stomatology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Preventive, Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Zi MYH, Longo PL, Bueno-Silva B, Mayer MPA. Mechanisms Involved in the Association between Periodontitis and Complications in Pregnancy. Front Public Health 2015; 2:290. [PMID: 25688342 PMCID: PMC4310218 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2014.00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The association between periodontitis and some of the problems with pregnancy such as premature delivery, low weight at birth, and preeclampsia (PE) has been suggested. Nevertheless, epidemiological data have shown contradictory data, mainly due to differences in clinical parameters of periodontitis assessment. Furthermore, differences in microbial composition and immune response between aggressive and chronic periodontitis are not addressed by these epidemiological studies. We aimed to review the current data on the association between some of these problems with pregnancy and periodontitis, and the mechanisms underlying this association. Shifts in the microbial composition of the subgingival biofilm may occur during pregnancy, leading to a potentially more hazardous microbial community. Pregnancy is characterized by physiological immune tolerance. However, the infection leads to a shift in maternal immune response to a pathogenic pro-inflammatory response, with production of inflammatory cytokines and toxic products. In women with periodontitis, the infected periodontal tissues may act as reservoirs of bacteria and their products that can disseminate to the fetus-placenta unit. In severe periodontitis patients, the infection agents and their products are able to activate inflammatory signaling pathways locally and in extra-oral sites, including the placenta-fetal unit, which may not only induce preterm labor but also lead to PE and restrict intrauterine growth. Despite these evidences, the effectiveness of periodontal treatment in preventing gestational complications was still not established since it may be influenced by several factors such as severity of disease, composition of microbial community, treatment strategy, and period of treatment throughout pregnancy. This lack of scientific evidence does not exclude the need to control infection and inflammation in periodontitis patients during pregnancy, and treatment protocols should be validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Yang Hui Zi
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Priscila Larcher Longo
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Bueno-Silva
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcia Pinto Alves Mayer
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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IL-17 and IL-11 GCF levels in aggressive and chronic periodontitis patients: relation to PCR bacterial detection. Mediators Inflamm 2012; 2012:174764. [PMID: 23226926 PMCID: PMC3513783 DOI: 10.1155/2012/174764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2012] [Revised: 09/28/2012] [Accepted: 10/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives. This study evaluated IL-17 and IL-11 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of generalized chronic periodontitis (GCP) and generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP) patients in relation to periodontopathic bacteria. Subjects and Methods. GCF samples were collected from 65 subjects including 25 CP, 25 GAgP, and 15 controls (C) and analyzed for IL-17 and IL-11 by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Molecular detection of bacteria in the dental plaque was determined by polymerase chain reaction. Results. The total amount of IL-17 was significantly higher in GAgP group than in GCP and C groups (P < 0.001). The IL-11 concentration was significantly higher in C and GCP groups than GAgP group (P < 0.001). The IL-11/IL-17 ratio was significantly higher in the C group than in GCP and GAgP groups (P < 0.05). Moreover, GAgP group showed lower ratios of IL-11/IL-17 when compared to GCP group. The high positivity of P. gingivalis in the dental plaque was associated with significantly increased GCF levels of IL-17 in GCP and GAgP patients. Conclusions. The increased IL-17 level in GCF of GAgP suggests a potential role in the aetiopathogenesis. Meanwhile, the decreased ratio of IL-11/IL-17 might reflect an imbalance between the proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in different periodontal diseases.
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Ay ZY, Yılmaz G, Ozdem M, Koçak H, Sütçü R, Uskun E, Tonguç MÖ, Kırzıoğlu FY. The gingival crevicular fluid levels of interleukin-11 and interleukin-17 in patients with aggressive periodontitis. J Periodontol 2012; 83:1425-31. [PMID: 22248221 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2012.110585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The balance (ratio) of anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory cytokines is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic periodontitis. Moreover, the imbalance of anti-inflammatory/proinflammatory cytokines may modulate disease progression in aggressive periodontitis (AgP). This study aims to investigate the levels of interleukin (IL)-11 and IL-17 and their ratio in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in patients with AgP. METHODS This study included 20 patients with generalized AgP (GAgP) and 18 healthy controls (HC). For each patient, the values of clinical parameters, such as gingival index, plaque index, probing depth, and clinical attachment level, were recorded. Levels of IL-11 and IL-17 in GCF samples were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The values of clinical parameters, cytokine levels, and the ratios of cytokines were evaluated. RESULTS The values of all the clinical parameters were significantly higher in the GAgP group than in the HC group (P < 0.001). The total amount and concentration of IL-11 and the concentration of the IL-17 and IL-11/IL-17 ratio were significantly lower in the GAgP group than in the HC group (P < 0.001). The total amount of IL-17 was not significantly different between the groups (P = 0.317). CONCLUSIONS The IL-11/IL-17 ratio was decreased in the GAgP group because of the decreased IL-11 levels. The IL-11/IL-17 axis and the link between IL-17 and neutrophil function disorders in AgP should be investigated to clarify the role of the IL-11/IL-17 axis and its balance and imbalance in the pathogenesis of AgP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuhal Yetkin Ay
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
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15
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Nieminen P, Morgan NV, Fenwick AL, Parmanen S, Veistinen L, Mikkola ML, van der Spek PJ, Giraud A, Judd L, Arte S, Brueton LA, Wall SA, Mathijssen IMJ, Maher ER, Wilkie AOM, Kreiborg S, Thesleff I. Inactivation of IL11 signaling causes craniosynostosis, delayed tooth eruption, and supernumerary teeth. Am J Hum Genet 2011; 89:67-81. [PMID: 21741611 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2011] [Revised: 05/13/2011] [Accepted: 05/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Craniosynostosis and supernumerary teeth most often occur as isolated developmental anomalies, but they are also separately manifested in several malformation syndromes. Here, we describe a human syndrome featuring craniosynostosis, maxillary hypoplasia, delayed tooth eruption, and supernumerary teeth. We performed homozygosity mapping in three unrelated consanguineous Pakistani families and localized the syndrome to a region in chromosome 9. Mutational analysis of candidate genes in the region revealed that all affected children harbored homozygous missense mutations (c.662C>G [p.Pro221Arg], c.734C>G [p.Ser245Cys], or c.886C>T [p.Arg296Trp]) in IL11RA (encoding interleukin 11 receptor, alpha) on chromosome 9p13.3. In addition, a homozygous nonsense mutation, c.475C>T (p.Gln159X), and a homozygous duplication, c.916_924dup (p.Thr306_Ser308dup), were observed in two north European families. In cell-transfection experiments, the p.Arg296Trp mutation rendered the receptor unable to mediate the IL11 signal, indicating that the mutation causes loss of IL11RA function. We also observed disturbed cranial growth and suture activity in the Il11ra null mutant mice, in which reduced size and remodeling of limb bones has been previously described. We conclude that IL11 signaling is essential for the normal development of craniofacial bones and teeth and that its function is to restrict suture fusion and tooth number. The results open up the possibility of modulation of IL11 signaling for the treatment of craniosynostosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pekka Nieminen
- Institute of Dentistry, Biomedicum, University of Helsinki, Finland.
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16
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Kempen DH, Creemers LB, Alblas J, Lu L, Verbout AJ, Yaszemski MJ, Dhert WJ. Growth Factor Interactions in Bone Regeneration. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2010; 16:551-66. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2010.0176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura B. Creemers
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline Alblas
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lichun Lu
- Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials Laboratory, Departments of Orthopedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Abraham J. Verbout
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Michael J. Yaszemski
- Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials Laboratory, Departments of Orthopedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Wouter J.A. Dhert
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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17
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Horner EA, Kirkham J, Wood D, Curran S, Smith M, Thomson B, Yang XB. Long Bone Defect Models for Tissue Engineering Applications: Criteria for Choice. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2010; 16:263-71. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2009.0224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. Horner
- Skeletal Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Oral Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Kirkham
- Skeletal Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Oral Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - David Wood
- Skeletal Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Oral Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Curran
- Smith and Nephew Research Centre, York Science Park, York, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Smith
- Smith and Nephew Research Centre, York Science Park, York, United Kingdom
| | - Brian Thomson
- Smith and Nephew Research Centre, York Science Park, York, United Kingdom
| | - Xuebin B. Yang
- Skeletal Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Oral Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
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18
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Kidd LJ, Stephens AS, Kuliwaba JS, Fazzalari NL, Wu ACK, Forwood MR. Temporal pattern of gene expression and histology of stress fracture healing. Bone 2010; 46:369-78. [PMID: 19836476 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2009.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2009] [Revised: 09/25/2009] [Accepted: 10/07/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Loading of the rat ulna is an ideal model to examine stress fracture healing. The aim of this study was to undertake a detailed examination of the histology, histomorphometry and gene expression of the healing and remodelling process initiated by fatigue loading of the rat ulna. Ulnae were harvested 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks following creation of a stress fracture. Stress fracture healing involved direct remodelling that progressed along the fracture line as well as woven bone proliferation at the site of the fracture. Histomorphometry demonstrated rapid progression of basic multicellular units from 1 to 4 weeks with significant slowing down of healing by 10 weeks after loading. Quantitative PCR was performed at 4 hours, 24 hours, 4 days, 7 days, and 14 days after loading. Gene expression was compared to an unloaded control group. At 4 hours after fracture, there was a marked 220-fold increase (P<0.0001) in expression of IL-6. There were also prominent peak increases in mRNA expression for OPG, COX-2, and VEGF (all P<0.0001). At 24 hours, there was a peak increase in mRNA expression for IL-11 (73-fold increase, P<0.0001). At 4 days, there was a significant increase in mRNA expression for Bcl-2, COX-1, IGF-1, OPN, and SDF-1. At 7 days, there was significantly increased mRNA expression of RANKL and OPN. Prominent, upregulation of COX-2, VEGF, OPG, SDF-1, BMP-2, and SOST prior to peak expression of RANKL indicates the importance of these factors in mediating directed remodelling of the fracture line. Dramatic, early upregulation of IL-6 and IL-11 demonstrate their central role in initiating signalling events for remodelling and stress fracture healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Kidd
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
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Yücel ÖÖ, Berker E, Gariboğlu S, Otlu H. Interleukin-11, interleukin-1β, interleukin-12 and the pathogenesis of inflammatory periodontal diseases. J Clin Periodontol 2008; 35:365-70. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.2008.01212.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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20
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Leon ER, Iwasaki K, Komaki M, Kojima T, Ishikawa I. Osteogenic effect of interleukin-11 and synergism with ascorbic acid in human periodontal ligament cells. J Periodontal Res 2007; 42:527-35. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2007.00977.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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21
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Di Vito C, Emanuele E, Lista S. Demineralized bone matrix enriched with human recombinant interleukin-11: A novel therapeutic option in treatment of delayed unions and nonunions? Med Hypotheses 2007; 69:954. [PMID: 17400397 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2007.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2007] [Accepted: 02/07/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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22
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Yashiro R, Nagasawa T, Kiji M, Hormdee D, Kobayashi H, Koshy G, Nitta H, Ishikawa I. Transforming growth factor-beta stimulates Interleukin-11 production by human periodontal ligament and gingival fibroblasts. J Clin Periodontol 2006; 33:165-71. [PMID: 16489941 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.2006.00898.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta is a potent multifunctional polypeptide, abundant in the bone matrix. Interleukin (IL)-11 is a pleiotropic cytokine with effects on multiple cell types. The present study was performed to evaluate the regulatory effects of TGF-beta on IL-11 production by human periodontal ligament cells (PDL) and human gingival fibroblasts (HGF). MATERIAL AND METHODS The expression of TGF-beta receptor in PDL and HGF were observed using flow cytometry. PDL and HGF were stimulated with TGF-beta with or without protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors and activator. IL-11, bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and TGF-beta mRNA expression was quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). IL-11 production was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS PDL and HGF expressed both TGF-beta receptor I and TGF-beta receptor II on the cell surfaces. IL-11 mRNA expression and IL-11 production were augmented by TGF-beta in both PDL and HGF, with higher values in PDL. PKC inhibitors partially suppressed TGF-beta-induced IL-11 production in PDL and HGF, whereas activator enhanced it. TGF-beta mRNA and BMP-2 mRNA expression were up-regulated by TGF-beta in PDL. CONCLUSION These results suggest that PDL produce IL-11 in response to TGF-beta.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Yashiro
- Periodontology, Department of Hard Tissue Engineering, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
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23
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McLachlan JL, Smith AJ, Bujalska IJ, Cooper PR. Gene expression profiling of pulpal tissue reveals the molecular complexity of dental caries. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2005; 1741:271-81. [PMID: 15869869 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2005.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2004] [Revised: 02/09/2005] [Accepted: 03/08/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
High-throughput characterisation of the molecular response of pulpal tissue under carious lesions may contribute to improved future diagnosis and treatment. To identify genes associated with this process, oligonucleotide microarrays containing approximately 15,000 human sequences were screened using pooled total RNA isolated from pulpal tissue from both healthy and carious teeth. Data analysis identified 445 genes with 2-fold or greater difference in expression level, with 85 more abundant in health and 360 more abundant in disease. Subsequent gene ontological grouping identified a variety of processes and functions potentially activated or down-modulated during caries. Validation of microarray results was obtained by a combination of real-time and semi-quantitative PCR for selected genes, confirming down-regulation of Dentin Matrix Protein-1 (DMP-1), SLIT 2, Period-2 (PER 2), Period-3 (PER 3), osteoadherin, Glypican-3, Midkine, activin receptor interacting protein-1 (AIP 1), osteoadherin and growth hormone receptor (GHR), and up-regulation of Adrenomedullin (ADM), Interleukin-11 (IL-11), Bone sialoprotein (BSP), matrix Gla protein (MGP), endothelial cell growth factor-1 (ECGF 1), inhibin beta A and orosomucoid-1 (ORM 1), in diseased pulp. Real-time PCR analyses of ADM and DMP-1 in a panel of healthy and carious pulpal tissue and also in immune system cells highlighted the heterogeneity of caries and indicated increased expression of ADM in neutrophils activated by bacterial products. In contrast, DMP-1 was predominantly expressed by cells native to healthy pulpal tissue. This study has greatly extended our molecular knowledge of dental tissue disease and identified involvement of genes previously unassociated with this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia L McLachlan
- Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B4 6NN, UK
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