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Wu LK, Chen YC, Hung CS, Yen CY, Chang Chien CY, Ciou JR, Torng HH, Chang YC, Hua S, Lu PN, Liu YY, Lai CY, Kung YL, Huang HK, Chen ZK, Ho TJ. The efficacy and safety of cupping as complementary and alternative therapy for metabolic syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33341. [PMID: 37000047 PMCID: PMC10063281 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of cupping therapy in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS This systematic review focused on patients with MetS and included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the effects of cupping therapy with control groups. A total of 12 electronic databases were searched from inception until February 03, 2023. The main outcome after the meta-analysis was waist circumference; the others included anthropometric variables, blood pressure, lipid profile, fasting blood glucose level, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level. The incidence of adverse events and the follow-up courses were also evaluated. Risk of bias (ROB) was evaluated using ROB 2.0 from the Cochrane Handbook. RESULTS This systematic review included five studies involving 489 patients. Some risks of bias were also identified. The meta-analysis revealed a statistically significance in waist circumference (MD = -6.07, 95% CI: -8.44 to -3.71, P < .001, I2 = 61%, τ2 = 3.4), body weight (MD = -2.46, 95% CI: -4.25 to -0.68, P = .007, I2 = 0%, τ2 = 0) and body mass index (MD = -1.26, 95% CI: -2.11 to -0.40, P = .004, I2 = 0%, τ2 = 0) between the cupping therapy and control groups. However, there were no significant results in total fat percentage and blood pressure values. Regarding biochemical markers, cupping significantly lowered the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (MD = -3.98, 95% CI: -6.99 to -0.96, P = .010, I2 = 0%, τ2 = 0) but had no significant effect on total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. 3 RCTs reported no adverse events. CONCLUSIONS Despite some ROB and low to substantial heterogeneity of the included studies, cupping therapy can be considered a safe and effective complementary intervention for reducing waist circumference, body weight, body mass index, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients with MetS. In the future, well-designed, high-quality, rigorous methodology, and long-term RCTs in this population are required to assess the efficacy and safety of cupping therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Kung Wu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Chen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Education and Human Potentials Development, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Shan Hung
- Department of Aging and Community Health, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yu Yen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Ying Chang Chien
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Ruei Ciou
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Hsiang Torng
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chin Chang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Shiuan Hua
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Peng-Nien Lu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Yuan Liu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yu Lai
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Lun Kung
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Kai Huang
- Department of Family Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Zhong-Kui Chen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
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Wang YY, Fan HW, Huang XM, Jiao Y. Disseminated Staphylococcus aureus infection after scarification wet cupping therapy: a case report and literature review. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:94. [PMID: 36997976 PMCID: PMC10061885 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-03932-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cupping therapy is a complementary and alternative medical therapy used especially in pain management. It is generally considered a safe procedure, but complications, including life-threatening infection, may still occur. Understanding these complications is essential to safe and evidence-based use of cupping in practice. CASE PRESENTATION Here we report a rare case of disseminated Staphylococcus aureus infection after cupping therapy. After wet cupping, a 33-year-old immunocompetent woman developed fever, myalgia, and a productive cough accompanied by acute liver and kidney injury, iliopsoas abscess, and gastrointestinal bleeding. The patient was treated successfully with cefmetazole plus levofloxacin after microbiological and antimicrobial sensitivity testing. CONCLUSIONS Though rarely reported, clinicians, practitioners of cupping therapy, and patients should be aware of the risk of infection after cupping therapy. High hygiene standards are recommended for cupping therapy, even in immunocompetent individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Yang Wang
- Department of General Internal Medicine (General Practice), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1, Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing St., Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Hong-Wei Fan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Huang
- Department of General Internal Medicine (General Practice), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1, Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing St., Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yang Jiao
- Department of General Internal Medicine (General Practice), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1, Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing St., Beijing, 100730, China.
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When a Traditional Medicine Customer Becomes a Plastic Surgery Patient. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2022; 10:e4669. [DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000004669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Using Elastographic Ultrasound to Assess the Effect of Cupping Size of Cupping Therapy on Stiffness of Triceps Muscle. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2021; 100:694-699. [PMID: 33065576 DOI: 10.1097/phm.0000000000001625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cupping therapy may reduce muscle stiffness for managing fatigue. However, there is no scientific evidence showing changes of muscle stiffness after cupping therapy. Furthermore, it is unclear whether the cup size of cupping therapy affects the change of muscle stiffness. The objective of this study was to compare the effect of cup size of cupping therapy on muscle stiffness. DESIGN A repeated measures design with a counterbalanced design was used to test three cup sizes (45, 40, and 35 mm in inner diameter) in 12 healthy participants. Strain elastography was used to measure stiffness of the triceps before and after cupping therapy at 300 mm Hg for 5 mins. Strain elastogram was converted to the grayscale for the quantification of stiffness. RESULTS The overall stiffness of triceps significantly reduced after cupping therapy with the 45-mm (106.2 ± 7.7, P < 0.05) and 40-mm (109.6 ± 7.1, P < 0.05) cups, but not the 35-mm cup (115.5 ± 10.3, nonsignificant) compared with before cupping (115.8 ± 13.5). The stiffness of superficial layer did not show significantly difference in all three sizes of cup. The stiffness of deep layer significantly reduced after the cupping therapy with the 45- and 40-mm cups. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study demonstrating that cupping therapy significantly reduced muscle stiffness, especially at the deep layer.
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He X, Zhang X, Liao F, He L, Xu X, Jan YK. Using reactive hyperemia to investigate the effect of cupping sizes of cupping therapy on skin blood flow responses. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2021; 34:327-333. [PMID: 33459698 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-200120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various cupping sizes of cupping therapy have been used in managing musculoskeletal conditions; however, the effect of cupping sizes on skin blood flow (SBF) responses is largely unknown. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to compare the effect of three cupping sizes of cupping therapy on SBF responses. METHODS Laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) was used to measure SBF on the triceps in 12 healthy participants in this repeated measures study. Three cup sizes (35, 40 and 45 mm in diameter) were blinded to the participants and were tested at -300 mmHg for 5 minutes. Reactive hyperemic response to cupping therapy was expressed as a ratio of baseline SBF. RESULTS All three sizes of cupping cups resulted in a significant increase in peak SBF (p< 0.001). Peak SBF of the 45 mm cup (9.41 ± 1.32 times) was significantly higher than the 35 mm cup (5.62 ± 1.42 times, p< 0.05). Total SBF of the 45 mm cup ((24.33 ± 8.72) × 103 times) was significantly higher than the 35 mm cup ((8.05 ± 1.63) × 103 times, p< 0.05). Recovery time of the 45 mm cup (287.46 ± 39.54 seconds) was significantly longer than the 35 mm cup (180.12 ± 1.42 seconds, p< 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our results show that all three cup sizes can significantly increase SBF. The 45 mm cup is more effective in increasing SBF compared to the 35 mm cup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangfeng He
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA.,Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Xueyan Zhang
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA.,Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Fuyuan Liao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li He
- College of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Xu
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yih-Kuen Jan
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
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Tafazoli V, Tavakoli A, Mosaffa-Jahromi M, Cooley K, Pasalar M. Approach of Persian medicine to health and disease. ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aimed.2021.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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ÇETİNKAYA A, FİDAN E, GÖKSU S, BOZAT B, DEMİR S. Evaluation of the Protective Effect of The Cup Therapy on the Epileptic Seizure in Rats. KONURALP TIP DERGISI 2021. [DOI: 10.18521/ktd.777484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Tabatabaei F, Pasalar M, Tajadini H, Kamali M, Rampp T. Effectiveness of Wet Cupping on Patients with Facial Acne Vulgaris: A 12-Week, Randomized, Single-Blind, Intervention-Sham-Controlled Trial. Complement Med Res 2021; 28:508-515. [PMID: 33866311 DOI: 10.1159/000514943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acne vulgaris is a widespread skin disorder. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of wet cupping in the treatment of moderate to severe facial acne vulgaris. METHODS Between August 2018 and January 2020, eligible patients with moderate to severe facial acne were recruited in this single-blind, intervention-sham-controlled clinical trial in Iran. The intervention group received wet cupping twice and likewise the control group received sham cupping. Also, both groups received 500 mg azithromycin 3 times/week for 12 weeks. Acne grades were assessed 6 weeks and 12 weeks after beginning of the treatment by the dermatologist uninformed of group allocation and participant self-assessment. Quality of life was assessed with valid questionnaire before and after the treatment. RESULT Totally, 103 patients completed the trial. The patients in the intervention group had better improvement and grade of acne compared to the control group at the end of the trial. Patients showed a shorter time to removing facial lesions in the intervention group in contrast with the control group (p < 0.001). Quality of life significantly increased in the intervention group compared with the control group (p = 0.004). CONCLUSION Wet cupping plus antibiotic therapy seems to be more effective than antibiotic therapy per se in patients with facial acne vulgaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Tabatabaei
- Department of Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Persian Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mehdi Pasalar
- Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Haleh Tajadini
- Department of Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Persian Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohadese Kamali
- Department of Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Persian Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Neurology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Thomas Rampp
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Evang. Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Farhat A, Mughal SM. Is There a Role of Cupping Therapy in the Treatment of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in Primary Care Setting? Cureus 2021; 13:e12954. [PMID: 33527065 PMCID: PMC7842247 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.12954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a clinical syndrome, which causes significant morbidity. It is currently managed conservatively with splinting or steroidal injections. Where conservative management is unsatisfactory, surgical decompression is carried out. Because of dangerous complications of surgical procedures and increasing economical burden of CTS condition, safe, traditional, cost effective conservative adjunct option is being evaluated in this review article. Cupping therapy is an ancient but increasingly popular therapy for a variety of pathologies. Studies over the last decade have indicated potential therapeutic value of cupping therapy for the management of CTS. Whilst there is some biomedical rationale supporting the usage of cupping therapy in CTS the evidence is not sufficient to support the inclusion of cupping therapy in management of carpal tunnel syndrome in formal pathways. High quality trials with increased participant numbers, development of blinded study options and a regulatory body for cupping therapy are required so that cupping therapy can be established as a potent therapeutic option for CTS. The review was conducted to examine the efficacy of cupping therapy in management of CTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaaz Farhat
- Genetics, Alpha Medical Practice, Birmingham, GBR
| | - Saqib M Mughal
- Family Medicine, Alpha Medical Practice, Birmingham, GBR
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The Utilization of Complementary and Alternative Medicine among Saudi Older Adults: A Population-Based Study. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:4357194. [PMID: 32831865 PMCID: PMC7428939 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4357194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is an integral part of patients' therapeutic experience worldwide. Among Saudi older adults, less is known about CAM utilization. OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence, patterns, and factors associated with CAM utilization among SOA. METHODS In the Saudi National Survey for Elderly Health (SNSEH), subjects were asked about CAM use during the last twelve months before the interview. CAM use was defined as any use of herbal products, acupuncture, bloodletting, cauterization, medical massage, bones manual manipulation, honey, or religious rituals. Demographic characteristics included gender, age, marital status, region, educational level, and residence area. In addition, multiple comorbidities were included as possible factors that may be associated with CAM use. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore factors associated with CAM utilization. All statistical analyses were done using STATA v.14. RESULTS Out of 2946 respondents, 50.4% were males, the mean age was 70.3 ± 8.3 years, and 70% were illiterate. CAM use was prevalent (62.5%). The most common CAM types were herbal products (25.4%), acupuncture (21.2%), bloodletting (12%), honey (9.5%), cauterization (7.4%), medical massage and bones manual manipulation (4%), and traditional bone setting (2.1%). In the multivariable regression, age, gender, and marital status did not have an impact on the odds of using CAM. Subjects from rural areas were 2.92 times more likely to use CAM compared with subjects in urban areas (OR = 2.92; 95%CI: 2.28-3.75). Subjects with metabolic disorders (OR = 0.50; 95% CI: 0.42-0.60) or kidney disease were less likely to use CAM (OR = 0.30; 95%CI: 0.14-0.64). About pain, CAM is used more in neck pain (OR = 1.69; 95%CI: 1.30-2.21) and also used in back pain (OR = 1.22; 95%CI: 1.03-1.46). CONCLUSIONS CAM use was very prevalent among SOA. Clinicians and pharmacists must ask about CAM use among older adults as many of CAM may interact with patients medications.
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Wood S, Fryer G, Tan LLF, Cleary C. Dry cupping for musculoskeletal pain and range of motion: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2020; 24:503-518. [PMID: 33218554 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2020.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This review evaluated the efficacy and safety of western dry cupping methods for the treatment of musculoskeletal pain and reduced range of motion. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed until April 2018 for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) pertaining to musculoskeletal pain or reduced range of motion, treated with dry cupping. Outcomes were pain, functional status, range of motion and adverse events. Risk of bias and quality of evidence was assessed using the modified Downs & Black (D&B) checklist and GRADE. RESULTS A total of 21 RCTs with 1049 participants were included. Overall, the quality of evidence was fair, with a mean D&B score of 18/28. Low-quality evidence revealed dry cupping had a significant effect on pain reduction for chronic neck pain (MD, -21.67; 95% CI, -36.55, to -6.80) and low back pain (MD, -19.38; 95%CI, -28.09, to -10.66). Moderate-quality evidence suggested that dry cupping improved functional status for chronic neck pain (MD, -4.65; 95%CI, -6.44, to -2.85). For range of motion, low quality evidence revealed a significant difference when compared to no treatment (SMD, -0.75; 95%CI, -0.75, to -0.32). CONCLUSION Dry cupping was found to be effective for reducing pain in patients with chronic neck pain and non-specific low back pain. However, definitive conclusions regarding the effectiveness and safety of dry cupping for musculoskeletal pain and range of motion were unable to be made due to the low-moderate quality of evidence. Further high-quality trials with larger sample sizes, long-term follow up, and reporting of adverse events are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Wood
- The Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Gary Fryer
- College of Health & Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
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Qureshi NA, Khalil AA, Alsanad SM. Spiritual and Religious Healing Practices: Some Reflections from Saudi National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Riyadh. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2020; 59:845-869. [PMID: 30066265 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-018-0677-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Traditional practices constituting spiritual and religious (S/R) healing are an important component of the holistic healthcare model and are used in health, well-being, and treating a variety of diseases around the world. The main focus of this review is to summarize the Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) studies that especially target S/R healing practices in Saudi Arabia (SA) and discuss the results in light of relevant international literature. From year 2013-2017, electronic searches of PubMed, OvidSP, Google Scholar, and two publishing housing Web sites (Sciencedomain.com and Dove Medical Press.com) were made using key words and Boolean operators and retrieved thousands of published papers from peer-reviewed journals. Two independent reviewers decided to include a total of 108 articles: 48 from SA and 60 from other international literature. The sociodemographic variables of the participants varied in local studies and were comparable with international data. The frequency and types of religious and spiritual practices reported in local and international zones varied in accordance with religious belief, gender, age, education, and prevalent chronic diseases. Most of professionals and practitioners showed fairly good knowledge and positive attitude toward spiritual and religious practices used in diverse clinical and non-clinical situations across the world. Furthermore, it was observed that in the international scenario, S/R researches using specific religious screening tools have been conducted on different aspects of clinical application including self-care, social cohesion, negative impact, and child development, whereas regional studies targeting varied participants mainly focused on the epidemiological trends of S/R therapies in Saudi Arabia. CAM practitioners and public tend to show great interest in prescribed and self-use of religious and spiritual therapies across the world because of multiple dynamic forces, including positive effects on health, sense of well-being and disease control, cost-effectiveness, easy access to services, and improvement in quality of life. Further studies are needed to assess the effectiveness of different types of religious and spiritual therapies and practices used in specific diseases, their role in promotion of health and well-being, and prevention of diseases nationwide and across the world. Besides integration of S/R into mainstream treatment modalities, medical education curriculum, continuous medical education, and training programs are needed for bridging the knowledge, attitude, and practice gaps concerning CAM in targeted population groups such as medical professionals, CAM practitioners, medical students, public and traditional healers, not only in SA but also around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naseem Akhtar Qureshi
- Research Publication Unit, National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Asim Abdelmoneim Khalil
- Islamic Medicine Unit, National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud Mohammad Alsanad
- National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Imam Muhammad ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Mogensen N, Portman A, Mitchell K. Nonpharmacologic Approaches to Pain, Engorgement, and Plugging in Lactation: Applying Physical Therapy Techniques From Breast Cancer Care to Breastfeeding Patients. CLINICAL LACTATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1891/2158-0782.11.1.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
IntroductionBreast and nipple pain is one of the most common reasons why mothers stop breastfeeding earlier than recommended. Once conditions such as subacute mastitis, oversupply, and dermatitis have been treated or ruled out, functional breast pain may persist.ReviewWe describe validated physical therapy techniques that may reduce chronic pain in breastfeeding. These techniques include lymphatic massage, reverse-pressure softening, kinesiology taping, neural mobilization, cupping, and therapeutic ultrasound.ConclusionWhile more commonly used in the breast cancer population after radiation and surgery, we propose these techniques may also prove efficacious in breastfeeding patients as well.
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Rahman HS, Ahmad GA, Mustapha B, Al-Rawi HA, Hussein RH, Amin K, Othman HH, Abdullah R. Wet cupping therapy ameliorates pain in patients with hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes: A controlled clinical study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SURGERY OPEN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijso.2020.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Ersoy S, İnci H, Sunay D, Kayıs SA, Engin VS, Benli AR. Wet Cupping Therapy Improves Health Related Quality of Life: A Self-Controlled Interventional Study. ANKARA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.17098/amj.581995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Al-Eidi SM, Mohamed AG, Abutalib RA, AlBedah AM, Khalil MKM. Wet Cupping-Traditional Hijamah Technique versus Asian Cupping Technique in Chronic Low Back Pain Patients: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial. J Acupunct Meridian Stud 2019; 12:173-181. [PMID: 31028971 DOI: 10.1016/j.jams.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the feasibility of comparing the effect of the traditional Hijamah and the Asian wet cupping techniques in the management of patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP), a randomized clinical trial comparing traditional and Asian wet cupping techniques for CLBP was conducted in two secondary care hospitals in Saudi Arabia. Seventy eligible participants with CLBP were randomized to receive one session of wet cupping using either Asian technique (34 patients) or traditional Hijamah technique (36 patients). Cupping was performed at four sites of the bilateral bladder meridian (BL23, BL24, and BL25). The numeric rating scale, Present Pain Intensity, and Oswestry Disability Questionnaire scores were measured immediately after intervention, at seven days, and 14 days after intervention. In both groups, there was a significant decrease in the numeric rating scale, Present Pain Intensity, and Oswestry Disability Questionnaire scores, immediately after intervention, at seven days, and 14 days after intervention. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups across all the outcome measures up to 14 days after intervention. The study did not show a superiority of one technique compared with the other. Longer follow-up periods and more than one cupping session may be needed to evaluate the difference, if any, between both the techniques. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT02012205.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulaiman M Al-Eidi
- National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ashry Gad Mohamed
- Department of Community Medicine, King Saudi University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raid A Abutalib
- Orthopedic Surgery Department, King Fahad Hospital, Ministry of Health, Madina, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdullah M AlBedah
- National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohamed K M Khalil
- Consultant Public Health and Research Development, Research Unit, National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Khalil MKM, El-Olemy AT, Aboushanab TS, AlMudaiheem A, Hussein AA, AlSanad S. Posttraining Knowledge Retention among Licensed Cupping Providers in Saudi Arabia. Complement Med Res 2019; 26:329-335. [PMID: 30943523 DOI: 10.1159/000497357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the licensing requirements for cupping providers in Saudi Arabia is to attend a compulsory training course that lasts 5 days for non-physicians and 4 days for physicians, irrespective of any previous experience in cupping therapy. The course is conducted by the National Center of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM/MOH). As a part of course auditing, the current study aimed to evaluate knowledge retention among licensed cupping providers 1-3 years after passing the official cupping course. METHODS Licensed cupping providers were invited to attend a continuing medical education activity. Sixty-two attended the continuing medical education activity. Before the event, participants were asked to answer 35 multiple-choice questions taken from the same data bank as the pretest and posttest of the course. The test scores were linked and compared with the pre- and posttest of the training course. RESULTS A paired t test showed significant differences between the pre- and posttest knowledge scores (mean difference: 224.6 ± 86, p = 0.0001) and between the posttest and follow-up knowledge scores (mean difference: -115.26 ± 103.9, p = 0.0001). The follow-up score was still significantly higher than the pretest score, with a mean difference of 112 (95% CI: 83.66-140.34, p = 0.0001). There was no significant effect of category (physician vs. non-physician) on knowledge retention after controlling for the postcourse score. Gender, the total duration of experience, and total years of experience in cupping did not affect knowledge score retention between the physicians and the non-physicians. CONCLUSION The official cupping training course of the NCCAM/MOH achieved reasonable knowledge retention. To achieve long-term knowledge retention, refresher training/courses and continuous professional development will be required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed K M Khalil
- National Center of Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed T El-Olemy
- National Center of Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, .,Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt,
| | - Tamer Shaban Aboushanab
- National Center of Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah AlMudaiheem
- National Center of Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asim Abdelmoneim Hussein
- National Center of Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud AlSanad
- National Center of Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,College of Pharmacy, Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Kim S, Lee SH, Kim MR, Kim EJ, Hwang DS, Lee J, Shin JS, Ha IH, Lee YJ. Is cupping therapy effective in patients with neck pain? A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e021070. [PMID: 30397006 PMCID: PMC6231582 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-021070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Neck pain is a significant condition that is second only to depression as a cause of years lived with disability worldwide. Thus, identifying and understanding effective treatment modalities for neck pain is of heightened importance. This systematic review aimed to investigate the effects of cupping on neck pain from the current literature. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs). SETTING Nine databases, including Chinese, Korean and Japanese databases, were searched for data up to January 2018 with no restrictions on publication language. PARTICIPANTS Patients with neck pain. INTERVENTIONS Cupping therapy as the sole or add-on intervention compared with no treatment or active controls. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Pain severity, functional disability and quality of life. RESULTS Eighteen RCTs were selected. Compared with the no intervention group, the cupping group exhibited significant reduction in pain (mean difference (MD) -2.42(95% CI -3.98 to -0.86)) and improvement in function (MD -4.34(95% CI -6.77 to -1.19)). Compared with the active control, the cupping group reported significant reduction in pain (p=0.0009) and significantly improved quality of life (p=0.001). The group that received control treatment with cupping therapy (add-on group) displayed significant pain reduction compared with the active control group (p=0.001). Of the 18 studies, only 8 reported occurrence of adverse events, which were mostly mild and temporary. CONCLUSIONS Cupping was found to reduce neck pain in patients compared with no intervention or active control groups, or as an add-on treatment. Depending on the type of control group, cupping was also associated with significant improvement in terms of function and quality of life; however, due to the low quality of evidence of the included studies, definitive conclusions could not be drawn from this review. Future well-designed studies are needed to substantiate the effectiveness of cupping on neck pain. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42016047218.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seoyoun Kim
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sook-Hyun Lee
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Me-Riong Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Kim
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok-Sang Hwang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinho Lee
- Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Shik Shin
- Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Hyuk Ha
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Jae Lee
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Khalil MK, Al-Eidi S, Al-Qaed M, AlSanad S. Cupping therapy in Saudi Arabia: from control to integration. Integr Med Res 2018; 7:214-218. [PMID: 30271709 PMCID: PMC6160619 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cupping therapy or Hijamah is a leading traditional practice after spiritual healings and herbal medicine in Saudi Arabia. Wet cupping is by far the most common type of cupping therapy. Hijamah in Saudi Arabia and other Muslim countries is a model of religious influences, interconnectivity, and cross-cultural influences between different civilizations. Accordingly, differentiating the cupping practiced in Saudi Arabia, and other Muslims societies from that practiced in other countries like China, by Korea only by the technique or cupping sites is an underestimation of the differences. In Saudi Arabia, the profile or characteristics of cupping therapy user is distinct from the profile of other traditional medicine users by being more educated, with higher job rank and not affected by nationality or gender. After an era of unregulated practice, cupping therapy is currently regulated and monitored by the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine in the Ministry of Health (NCCAM/MOH) of Saudi Arabia. Regulations and licensing include practitioners, practice place, and cupping equipment. After regulation, cupping is mainly offered by the private sector and paid directly by the client as insurance does not cover it. In the private sector, licensed cupping service is usually provided as a parallel and not an integrated service. However, there are few models of integrated cupping clinic in universities, academic institutions, and governmental hospitals. Further health system research is needed to develop more models of integrated cupping service pending for the healthcare transformation which is going on in Saudi Arabia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed K.M. Khalil
- National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine – Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulaiman Al-Eidi
- National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine – Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Meshary Al-Qaed
- National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine – Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud AlSanad
- National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine – Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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The Compound Effect of Cupping Therapy: Searching Beyond the Meridians. JOURNAL OF ACUPUNCTURE RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.13045/jar.2018.00136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Aboushanab T, AlSanad S. A brief illustration of the official national standards for the safe use of cupping therapy (Hijama) in Saudi Arabia. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM 2018; 16:297-298. [PMID: 30100269 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cupping therapy (Hijama in Arabic) is a popular traditional treatment especially in Asia, the Middle East and Central Europe. Traditionally, cupping therapy has been one of the most used practices in Saudi Arabia. Standardization of the practice of cupping therapy is a very important step to eliminate or reduce any adverse events related to cupping. This article gives a brief illustration and highlights the important points of the first accredited Saudi Arabian standards for the safe use of cupping equipment and its applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamer Aboushanab
- National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Riyadh 11662, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Saud AlSanad
- National Center for Complementary Medicine Ministry of Health, Riyadh 11662, Saudi Arabia; College of Medicine, Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11662, Saudi Arabia
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The medical perspective of cupping therapy: Effects and mechanisms of action. J Tradit Complement Med 2018; 9:90-97. [PMID: 30963043 PMCID: PMC6435947 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cupping Therapy (CT) is an ancient method and currently used in the treatment of a broad range of medical conditions. Nonetheless the mechanism of action of (CT) is not fully understood. This review aimed to identify possible mechanisms of action of (CT) from modern medicine perspective and offer possible explanations of its effects. English literature in PubMed, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar was searched using key words. Only 223 articles identified, 149 records screened, and 74 articles excluded for irrelevancy. Only 75 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility, included studies in this review were 64. Six theories have been suggested to explain the effects produced by cupping therapy. Pain reduction and changes in biomechanical properties of the skin could be explained by "Pain-Gate Theory", "Diffuse Noxious Inhibitory Controls" and "Reflex zone theory". Muscle relaxation, changes in local tissue structures and increase in blood circulation might be explained by "Nitric Oxide theory". Immunological effects and hormonal adjustments might be attributed to "Activation of immune system theory". Releasing of toxins and removal of wastes and heavy metals might be explained by "Blood Detoxification Theory". These theories may overlap or work interchangeably to produce various therapeutic effects in specific ailments and diseases. Apparently, no single theory exists to explain the whole effects of cupping. Further researches are needed to support or refute the aforesaid theories, and also develop innovative conceptualizations of (CT) in future.
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Teut M, Ullmann A, Ortiz M, Rotter G, Binting S, Cree M, Lotz F, Roll S, Brinkhaus B. Pulsatile dry cupping in chronic low back pain - a randomized three-armed controlled clinical trial. Altern Ther Health Med 2018; 18:115. [PMID: 29609566 PMCID: PMC5879872 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2187-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Background We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of two different forms of dry pulsatile cupping in patients with chronic low back pain (cLBP) compared to medication on demand only in a three-armed randomized trial. Methods 110 cLBP patients were randomized to regular pulsatile cupping with 8 treatments plus paracetamol on demand (n = 37), minimal cupping with 8 treatments plus paracetamol on demand (n = 36) or the control group with paracetamol on demand only (n = 37). Primary outcome was the pain intensity on a visual analogue scale (VAS, 0–100 mm) after 4 weeks, secondary outcome parameter included VAS pain intensity after 12 weeks, back function as measured with the ‘Funktionsfragebogen Hannover Rücken’ (FFbH-R) and health related quality of life questionnaire Short form 36 (SF-36) after 4 and 12 weeks. Results The mean baseline-adjusted VAS after 4 weeks was 34.9 mm (95% CI: 28.7; 41.2) for pulsatile cupping, 40.4 (34.2; 46.7) for minimal cupping and 56.1 (49.8; 62.4) for control group, resulting in statistically significant differences between pulsatile cupping vs. control (21.2 (12.2; 30.1); p < 0.001) and minimal cupping vs. control (15.7 (6.9; 24.4); p = 0.001). After 12 weeks, mean adjusted VAS difference between pulsatile cupping vs. control was 15.1 ((3.1; 27.1); p = 0.014), and between minimal cupping vs. control 11.5 ((− 0.44; 23.4); p = 0.059). Differences of VAS between pulsatile cupping and minimal cupping showed no significant differences after 4 or 12 weeks. Pulsatile cupping was also better (− 5.8 (− 11.5;-0.1); p = 0.045) compared to control for back function after 4 weeks, but not after 12 weeks (− 5.4 (− 11.7;0.8); p = 0.088), pulsatile cupping also showed better improvements on SF-36 physical component scale compared to control at 4 and 12 weeks (− 5.6 (− 9.3;-2.0); p = 0.003; − 6.1 (− 9.9;-2.4); p = 0.002). For back function and quality of life minimal cupping group was not statistically different to control after 4 and 12 weeks. Paracetamol intake did not differ between the groups (cupping vs. control (7.3 (− 0.4;15.0); p = 0.063); minimal cupping vs. control (6.3 (− 2.0;14.5); p = 0.133). Conclusions Both forms of cupping were effective in cLBP without showing significant differences in direct comparison after four weeks, only pulsatile cupping showed effects compared to control after 12 weeks. Trial registration The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier: NCT02090686).
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Abstract
Wet cupping (Al-hijamah) is a therapeutic technique practiced worldwide as a part of the Unani system of medicine. It involves bloodletting from acupoints on a patient’s skin to produce a therapeutic outcome. A thorough review of research articles on wet cupping with relevance to proteomics field that are indexed by Google Scholar, PubMed, and/or Science Direct databases was performed. Eight original research articles were summarized in this paper. Overall, wet cupping did not have a significant effect on C-reactive protein, Hsp-27, sister chromatid exchanges, and cell replication index. In contrast, wet cupping was found to produce higher oxygen saturation, eliminate lactate from subcutaneous tissues, remove blood containing higher levels of malondialdehyde and nitric oxide, and produce higher activity of myeloperoxidase. The proteomic effects of wet cupping therapy have not been adequately investigated. Thus, future studies on wet cupping that use systemic and sound protocols to avoid bias should be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amer A Almaiman
- Department of Applied Medical Sciences, Community College of Unaizah, Qassim University, Qassim, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail.
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Lee JA, Hong M, Lee MS, Yoon SH, Choi JY. Blood-letting therapy for the common cold: A protocol for a systematic review of controlled trials. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e9315. [PMID: 29390505 PMCID: PMC5758207 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000009315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many people experience the common cold, but there is currently no special treatment. For this reason, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies are used to improve the symptoms of the common cold. Blood-letting therapy (BL) is a CAM therapy that has been used for over 2000 years to treat various diseases. However, few studies have provided evidence for the efficacy and safety of BL for the common cold. This study aims to assess the effectiveness and safety of BL for the common cold. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A total of 11 databases will be searched for studies conducted through June 2017. We will include randomized controlled trials assessing BL for the common cold. All randomized controlled trials on BL or related interventions will be included. Risk of bias will be assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool, while confidence in the accumulated evidence will be evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation instrument. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and will also be disseminated electronically and in print. The review will be updated to inform and guide healthcare practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Ah Lee
- Department of Korean Internal Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University
| | - Minna Hong
- The Graduate School of Pusan National University, Busan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korean Medicine Hospital of Pusan National University, Yangsan
| | - Myeong Soo Lee
- Clinical Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon
| | - Seong Hoon Yoon
- Lung Cancer Clinic, Pulmonary Medicine Center, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital
| | - Jun-Yong Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korean Medicine Hospital of Pusan National University, Yangsan
- School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of South Korea
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Benli AR, Aktas H. A complication of wet cupping therapy: vesiculobullous plaque on an erythematous base. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM 2017; 15:252-254. [PMID: 28494855 DOI: 10.1016/s2095-4964(17)60325-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ramazan Benli
- Department of Family Medicine, Medical School, Karabuk University, Karabuk 78000, Turkey
| | - Habibullah Aktas
- Department of Dermatology, Medical School, Karabuk University, Karabuk 78000, Turkey
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History of cupping ( Hijama ): a narrative review of literature. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM 2017; 15:172-181. [DOI: 10.1016/s2095-4964(17)60339-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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