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Bellini N, Ye C, Ajibola O, Murooka TT, Lodge R, Cohen ÉA. Downregulation of miRNA-26a by HIV-1 Enhances CD59 Expression and Packaging, Impacting Virus Susceptibility to Antibody-Dependent Complement-Mediated Lysis. Viruses 2024; 16:1076. [PMID: 39066239 DOI: 10.3390/v16071076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in the control of HIV-1 infection. Here, we performed RNA-seq profiling of miRNAs and mRNAs expressed in CD4+ T lymphocytes upon HIV-1 infection. Our results reveal significant alterations in miRNA and mRNA expression profiles in infected relative to uninfected cells. One of the miRNAs markedly downregulated in infected cells is miRNA-26a. Among the putative targets of miRNA-26a are CD59 receptor transcripts, which are significantly upregulated in infected CD4+ T cells. The addition of miRNA-26a mimics to CD4+ T cells reduces CD59 at both the mRNA and surface protein levels, validating CD59 as a miRNA-26a target. Consistent with the reported inhibitory role of CD59 in complement-mediated lysis (CML), knocking out CD59 in CD4+ T cells renders both HIV-1-infected cells and progeny virions more prone to antibody-dependent CML (ADCML). The addition of miRNA-26a mimics to infected cells leads to enhanced sensitivity of progeny virions to ADCML, a condition linked to a reduction in CD59 packaging into released virions. Lastly, HIV-1-mediated downregulation of miRNA-26a expression is shown to be dependent on integrated HIV-1 expression but does not involve viral accessory proteins. Overall, these results highlight a novel mechanism by which HIV-1 limits ADCML by upregulating CD59 expression via miRNA-26a downmodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Bellini
- Laboratory of Human Retrovirology, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Chengyu Ye
- Laboratory of Human Retrovirology, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Oluwaseun Ajibola
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Thomas T Murooka
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Robert Lodge
- Laboratory of Human Retrovirology, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Éric A Cohen
- Laboratory of Human Retrovirology, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
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2
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Heggi MT, Nour El-Din HT, Morsy DI, Abdelaziz NI, Attia AS. Microbial evasion of the complement system: a continuous and evolving story. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1281096. [PMID: 38239357 PMCID: PMC10794618 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1281096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The complement system is a fundamental part of the innate immune system that plays a key role in the battle of the human body against invading pathogens. Through its three pathways, represented by the classical, alternative, and lectin pathways, the complement system forms a tightly regulated network of soluble proteins, membrane-expressed receptors, and regulators with versatile protective and killing mechanisms. However, ingenious pathogens have developed strategies over the years to protect themselves from this complex part of the immune system. This review briefly discusses the sequence of the complement activation pathways. Then, we present a comprehensive updated overview of how the major four pathogenic groups, namely, bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites, control, modulate, and block the complement attacks at different steps of the complement cascade. We shed more light on the ability of those pathogens to deploy more than one mechanism to tackle the complement system in their path to establish infection within the human host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam T. Heggi
- Clinical Pharmacy Undergraduate Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanzada T. Nour El-Din
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | | | - Ahmed S. Attia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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3
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Lavado-García J, Zhang T, Cervera L, Gòdia F, Wuhrer M. Differential N- and O-glycosylation signatures of HIV-1 Gag virus-like particles and coproduced extracellular vesicles. Biotechnol Bioeng 2022; 119:1207-1221. [PMID: 35112714 PMCID: PMC9303603 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
HIV-1 virus-like particles (VLPs) are nanostructures derived from the self-assembly and cell budding of Gag polyprotein. Mimicking the native structure of the virus and being non-infectious, they represent promising candidates for the development of new vaccines as they elicit a strong immune response. In addition to this, the bounding membrane can be functionalized with exogenous antigens to target different diseases. Protein glycosylation depends strictly on the production platform and expression system used and the displayed glycosylation patterns may influence down-stream processing as well as the immune response. One of the main challenges for the development of Gag VLP production bioprocess is the separation of VLPs and coproduced extracellular vesicles (EVs). In this work, porous graphitized carbon separation method coupled with mass spectrometry was used to characterize the N- and O- glycosylation profiles of Gag VLPs produced in HEK293 cells. We identified differential glycan signatures between VLPs and EVs that could pave the way for further separation and purification strategies in order to optimize downstream processing and move forward in VLP-based vaccine production technology. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Lavado-García
- Grup d'Enginyeria Cel·lular i Bioprocessos, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Campus de Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tao Zhang
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Cervera
- Grup d'Enginyeria Cel·lular i Bioprocessos, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Campus de Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Gòdia
- Grup d'Enginyeria Cel·lular i Bioprocessos, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Campus de Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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4
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Pseudotyping Lentiviral Vectors: When the Clothes Make the Virus. Viruses 2020; 12:v12111311. [PMID: 33207797 PMCID: PMC7697029 DOI: 10.3390/v12111311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Delivering transgenes to human cells through transduction with viral vectors constitutes one of the most encouraging approaches in gene therapy. Lentivirus-derived vectors are among the most promising vectors for these approaches. When the genetic modification of the cell must be performed in vivo, efficient specific transduction of the cell targets of the therapy in the absence of off-targeting constitutes the Holy Grail of gene therapy. For viral therapy, this is largely determined by the characteristics of the surface proteins carried by the vector. In this regard, an important property of lentiviral vectors is the possibility of being pseudotyped by envelopes of other viruses, widening the panel of proteins with which they can be armed. Here, we discuss how this is achieved at the molecular level and what the properties and the potentialities of the different envelope proteins that can be used for pseudotyping these vectors are.
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5
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Song J, Hu Y, Li W, Li H, Zheng H, Chen Y, Dong S, Liu L. Transcriptome analysis following enterovirus 71 and coxsackievirus A16 infection in respiratory epithelial cells. Arch Virol 2020; 165:2817-2828. [PMID: 32990841 PMCID: PMC7522011 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-020-04821-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Enterovirus 71 (EV-A71) and coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16) are the major pathogens responsible for hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD), but the mechanism by which these viruses cause disease remains unclear. In this study, we used transcriptome sequencing technology to investigate changes in the transcriptome profiles after infection with EV-A71 and CV-A16 in human bronchial epithelial (16HBE) cells. Using systematic bioinformatics analysis, we then searched for useful clues regarding the pathogenesis of HFMD. As a result, a total of 111 common differentially expressed genes were present in both EV-A71- and CV-A16-infected cells. A trend analysis of these 111 genes showed that 91 of them displayed the same trend in EV-A71 and CV-A16 infection, including 49 upregulated genes and 42 downregulated genes. These 91 genes were further used to conduct GO, pathway, and coexpression network analysis. It was discovered that enriched GO terms (such as histone acetylation and positive regulation of phosphorylation) and pathways (such as glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchor biosynthesis and DNA replication) might be closely associated with the pathogenic mechanism of these two viruses, and key genes (such as TBCK and GPC) might be involved in the progression of HFMD. Finally, we randomly selected 10 differentially expressed genes for qRT-PCR to validate the transcriptome sequencing data. The experimental qRT-PCR results were roughly in agreement with the results of transcriptome sequencing. Collectively, our results provide clues to the mechanism of pathogenesis of HFMD induced by EV-A71 and CV-A16.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Song
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, China.,Key Laboratory of Systemic Innovative Research on Virus Vaccine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Yajie Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650002, China
| | - Weiyu Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Hui Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Huiwen Zheng
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Yanli Chen
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, China.,Key Laboratory of Systemic Innovative Research on Virus Vaccine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Shaozhong Dong
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, China.
| | - Longding Liu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, China. .,Key Laboratory of Systemic Innovative Research on Virus Vaccine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Kunming, 650118, China.
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Yu J, Murthy V, Liu SL. Relating GPI-Anchored Ly6 Proteins uPAR and CD59 to Viral Infection. Viruses 2019; 11:E1060. [PMID: 31739586 PMCID: PMC6893729 DOI: 10.3390/v11111060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The Ly6 (lymphocyte antigen-6)/uPAR (urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor) superfamily protein is a group of molecules that share limited sequence homology but conserved three-fingered structures. Despite diverse cellular functions, such as in regulating host immunity, cell adhesion, and migration, the physiological roles of these factors in vivo remain poorly characterized. Notably, increasing research has focused on the interplays between Ly6/uPAR proteins and viral pathogens, the results of which have provided new insight into viral entry and virus-host interactions. While LY6E (lymphocyte antigen 6 family member E), one key member of the Ly6E/uPAR-family proteins, has been extensively studied, other members have not been well characterized. Here, we summarize current knowledge of Ly6/uPAR proteins related to viral infection, with a focus on uPAR and CD59. Our goal is to provide an up-to-date view of the Ly6/uPAR-family proteins and associated virus-host interaction and viral pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyou Yu
- Center for Retrovirus Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (J.Y.); (V.M.)
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Vaibhav Murthy
- Center for Retrovirus Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (J.Y.); (V.M.)
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Shan-Lu Liu
- Center for Retrovirus Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (J.Y.); (V.M.)
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Viruses and Emerging Pathogens Program, Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Chen JL, Nong GM. [Advances in application of Jurkat cell model in research on infectious diseases]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2018; 20:236-242. [PMID: 29530126 PMCID: PMC7389782 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2018.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Infectious diseases can be caused by multiple pathogens, which can produce specific immune response in human body. The immune response produced by T cells is cellular immunity, which plays an important role in the anti-infection process of human body, and can participate in immunological protection and cause immunopathology. The outcome of various infectious diseases is closely related to cellular immune function, especially the function of T cells. Jurkat cells belong to the human acute T lymphocyte leukemia cell line. Jurkat cell model can simulate the function T lymphocytes, so it is widely used in the in vitro studies of T cell signal transduction, cytokines, and receptor expression, and can provide reference and guidance for the treatment of various infectious diseases and the research on their pathogenesis. The Jurkat cell model has been widely used in the in vitro studies of viral diseases and atypical pathogens, but parasitic infection studies using the Jurkat cell model are still rare. This article reviews advances in the application of Jurkat cell model in the research on infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Lun Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.
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Amet T, Son YM, Jiang L, Cheon IS, Huang S, Gupta SK, Dent AL, Montaner LJ, Yu Q, Sun J. BCL6 represses antiviral resistance in follicular T helper cells. J Leukoc Biol 2017; 102:527-536. [PMID: 28550121 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.4a1216-513rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Follicular Th (Tfh) cells are a distinct subset of Th cells that help B cells produce class-switched antibodies. Studies have demonstrated that Tfh cells are highly prone to HIV infection and replication. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are largely unclear. Here, we show that murine and human Tfh cells have diminished constitutive expression of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) inclusive of antiviral resistance factor MX dynamin-like GTPase 2 (MX2) and IFN-induced transmembrane 3 (IFITM3) compared with non-Tfh cells. A lower antiviral resistance in Tfh was consistent with a higher susceptibility to retroviral infections. Mechanistically, we found that BCL6, a master regulator of Tfh cell development, binds to ISG loci and inhibits the expression of MX2 and IFITM3 in Tfh cells. We demonstrate further that inhibition of the BCL6 BR-C, ttk, and bab (BTB) domain function increases the expression of ISGs and suppresses HIV infection and replication in Tfh cells. Our data reveal a regulatory role of BCL6 in inhibiting antiviral resistance factors in Tfh cells, thereby promoting the susceptibility Tfh cells to viral infections. Our results indicate that the modulation of BCL6 function in Tfh cells could be a potential strategy to enhance Tfh cell resistance to retroviral infections and potentially decrease cellular reservoirs of HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tohti Amet
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Young Min Son
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Thoracic Disease Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Thoracic Disease Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - In Su Cheon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Thoracic Disease Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Su Huang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Thoracic Disease Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Samir K Gupta
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Alexander L Dent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | | | - Qigui Yu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA; .,Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Thoracic Disease Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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