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Neto PLF, Fonseca RRDS, Avelino MEDS, Vilhena EM, Barbosa MDADAP, Lopes CAF, Gomes STM, Sequeira BJ, Laurentino RV, Freitas FB, Oliveira-Filho AB, Machado LFA. Prevalence and Factors Associated With Syphilis in People Living With HIV/AIDS in the State of Pará, Northern Brazil. Front Public Health 2021; 9:646663. [PMID: 34434909 PMCID: PMC8381150 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.646663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Syphilis continues to be a public health problem worldwide and its incidence has increased in people living with HIV/AIDS in recent years. This study determined the prevalence and factors associated with syphilis in people living with HIV/AIDS in the city of Belém, northern Brazil. A cross-sectional study was conducted from June to November 2018. A total of 500 people living with HIV/AIDS attended at a specialized unit of the public health network of the State of Pará were studied. Questionnaires were used to collect socio-demographic data and potential risk factors for syphilis. Blood samples were collected from all subjects and screened for syphilis using VDRL, and the seropositive were confirmed using FTA-abs. Logistic regressions were used to identify the factors associated with syphilis. Most subjects were male (56.8%), had more than 40 years (54.0%), single (63.0%), had finished high school (54.2%), had monthly income ≤1 minimum wage (72.4%), and had been born to the city of Belém (59.8%). Prevalence of syphilis was 6.4%. Eight characteristics/behaviors associated with syphilis: male, young adults, single, studied at least high school, monthly income >1 minimum wage, homosexual/bisexual, does not use or sporadically use condoms during sexual intercourse, and have had more than one sexual partner in the last three months. The prevalence of syphilis in people living with HIV/AIDS in Belém is low when compared to other Brazilian states. However, there is a need for public policies and actions to monitor, control and prevent these two sexually transmitted infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Leão Fontes Neto
- Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Roberto de Souza Fonseca
- Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil.,Virology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belem, Brazil
| | - Maria Eduarda de Sousa Avelino
- Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil.,Virology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belem, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Bianca Jorge Sequeira
- Virology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belem, Brazil
| | | | | | - Aldemir Branco Oliveira-Filho
- Study and Research Group on Vulnerable Populations, Institute for Coastal Studies, Federal University of Pará, Bragança, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fernando Almeida Machado
- Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil.,Virology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belem, Brazil
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Machado LFA, Fonseca RRDS, Queiroz MAF, Oliveira-Filho AB, Cayres-Vallinoto IMV, Vallinoto ACR, Ishak MDOG, Ishak R. The Epidemiological Impact of STIs among General and Vulnerable Populations of the Amazon Region of Brazil: 30 years of Surveillance. Viruses 2021; 13:v13050855. [PMID: 34067165 PMCID: PMC8151421 DOI: 10.3390/v13050855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) represent a worldwide public health problem and, although many of them are curable, they continue to be neglected, especially in areas with a low human development index, such as in the northern region of Brazil. This review describes the results of 30 years of studies at the Virus Laboratory at the Federal University of Pará, including the prevalence and molecular epidemiology of HIV-1, HTLV-1/2, HPV, HBV, Treponema pallidum and Chlamydia trachomatis among urban and non-urban populations, and also in vulnerable groups in the Brazilian Amazon. Control strategies and challenges in preventing STIs are discussed considering this immense geographic region, where essential health services are unable to reach the entire population, especially the most vulnerable, such as female sex workers, people who use illicit drugs, remnants of quilombolos and indigenous communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Fernando Almeida Machado
- Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.075-110, Brazil; (R.R.d.S.F.); (M.A.F.Q.); (I.M.V.C.-V.); (A.C.R.V.); (M.d.O.G.I.); (R.I.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ricardo Roberto de Souza Fonseca
- Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.075-110, Brazil; (R.R.d.S.F.); (M.A.F.Q.); (I.M.V.C.-V.); (A.C.R.V.); (M.d.O.G.I.); (R.I.)
| | - Maria Alice Freitas Queiroz
- Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.075-110, Brazil; (R.R.d.S.F.); (M.A.F.Q.); (I.M.V.C.-V.); (A.C.R.V.); (M.d.O.G.I.); (R.I.)
| | - Aldemir Branco Oliveira-Filho
- Grupo de Estudo e Pesquisa em Populações Vulneráveis, Instituto de Estudos Costeiros, Universidade Federal do Pará, Bragança 68.600-000, Brazil;
| | - Izaura Maria Vieira Cayres-Vallinoto
- Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.075-110, Brazil; (R.R.d.S.F.); (M.A.F.Q.); (I.M.V.C.-V.); (A.C.R.V.); (M.d.O.G.I.); (R.I.)
| | - Antonio Carlos Rosário Vallinoto
- Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.075-110, Brazil; (R.R.d.S.F.); (M.A.F.Q.); (I.M.V.C.-V.); (A.C.R.V.); (M.d.O.G.I.); (R.I.)
| | - Marluísa de Oliveira Guimarães Ishak
- Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.075-110, Brazil; (R.R.d.S.F.); (M.A.F.Q.); (I.M.V.C.-V.); (A.C.R.V.); (M.d.O.G.I.); (R.I.)
| | - Ricardo Ishak
- Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.075-110, Brazil; (R.R.d.S.F.); (M.A.F.Q.); (I.M.V.C.-V.); (A.C.R.V.); (M.d.O.G.I.); (R.I.)
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ELLWANGER JOELHENRIQUE, KULMANN-LEAL BRUNA, KAMINSKI VALÉRIAL, VALVERDE-VILLEGAS JACQUELINEMARÍA, VEIGA ANABEATRIZGDA, SPILKI FERNANDOR, FEARNSIDE PHILIPM, CAESAR LÍLIAN, GIATTI LEANDROLUIZ, WALLAU GABRIELL, ALMEIDA SABRINAE, BORBA MAUROR, HORA VANUSAPDA, CHIES JOSÉARTURB. Beyond diversity loss and climate change: Impacts of Amazon deforestation on infectious diseases and public health. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 92:e20191375. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202020191375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - LÍLIAN CAESAR
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul/UFRGS, Brazil
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