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Styczinski MJ, Cooper ZS, Glaser DM, Lehmer O, Mierzejewski V, Tarnas J. Chapter 7: Assessing Habitability Beyond Earth. ASTROBIOLOGY 2024; 24:S143-S163. [PMID: 38498826 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2021.0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
All known life on Earth inhabits environments that maintain conditions between certain extremes of temperature, chemical composition, energy availability, and so on (Chapter 6). Life may have emerged in similar environments elsewhere in the Solar System and beyond. The ongoing search for life elsewhere mainly focuses on those environments most likely to support life, now or in the past-that is, potentially habitable environments. Discussion of habitability is necessarily based on what we know about life on Earth, as it is our only example. This chapter gives an overview of the known and presumed requirements for life on Earth and discusses how these requirements can be used to assess the potential habitability of planetary bodies across the Solar System and beyond. We first consider the chemical requirements of life and potential feedback effects that the presence of life can have on habitable conditions, and then the planetary, stellar, and temporal requirements for habitability. We then review the state of knowledge on the potential habitability of bodies across the Solar System and exoplanets, with a particular focus on Mars, Venus, Europa, and Enceladus. While reviewing the case for the potential habitability of each body, we summarize the most prominent and impactful studies that have informed the perspective on where habitable environments are likely to be found.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Styczinski
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - Z S Cooper
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - D M Glaser
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - O Lehmer
- NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California, USA
| | - V Mierzejewski
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Arizona, USA
| | - J Tarnas
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
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2
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Vance SD, Craft KL, Shock E, Schmidt BE, Lunine J, Hand KP, McKinnon WB, Spiers EM, Chivers C, Lawrence JD, Wolfenbarger N, Leonard EJ, Robinson KJ, Styczinski MJ, Persaud DM, Steinbrügge G, Zolotov MY, Quick LC, Scully JEC, Becker TM, Howell SM, Clark RN, Dombard AJ, Glein CR, Mousis O, Sephton MA, Castillo-Rogez J, Nimmo F, McEwen AS, Gudipati MS, Jun I, Jia X, Postberg F, Soderlund KM, Elder CM. Investigating Europa's Habitability with the Europa Clipper. SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS 2023; 219:81. [PMID: 38046182 PMCID: PMC10687213 DOI: 10.1007/s11214-023-01025-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The habitability of Europa is a property within a system, which is driven by a multitude of physical and chemical processes and is defined by many interdependent parameters, so that its full characterization requires collaborative investigation. To explore Europa as an integrated system to yield a complete picture of its habitability, the Europa Clipper mission has three primary science objectives: (1) characterize the ice shell and ocean including their heterogeneity, properties, and the nature of surface-ice-ocean exchange; (2) characterize Europa's composition including any non-ice materials on the surface and in the atmosphere, and any carbon-containing compounds; and (3) characterize Europa's geology including surface features and localities of high science interest. The mission will also address several cross-cutting science topics including the search for any current or recent activity in the form of thermal anomalies and plumes, performing geodetic and radiation measurements, and assessing high-resolution, co-located observations at select sites to provide reconnaissance for a potential future landed mission. Synthesizing the mission's science measurements, as well as incorporating remote observations by Earth-based observatories, the James Webb Space Telescope, and other space-based resources, to constrain Europa's habitability, is a complex task and is guided by the mission's Habitability Assessment Board (HAB).
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven D. Vance
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA
| | - Kathleen L. Craft
- Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, Laurel, MD USA
| | - Everett Shock
- School of Earth & Space Exploration and School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ USA
| | - Britney E. Schmidt
- Department of Astronomy and Department of Earth & Atmospheric Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY USA
| | - Jonathan Lunine
- Department of Astronomy and Department of Earth & Atmospheric Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY USA
| | - Kevin P. Hand
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA
| | - William B. McKinnon
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO USA
| | - Elizabeth M. Spiers
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Chase Chivers
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA USA
- Applied Ocean Physics and Engineering, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA USA
| | - Justin D. Lawrence
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA USA
- Honeybee Robotics, Altadena, CA USA
| | - Natalie Wolfenbarger
- Institute for Geophysics, John A. and Katherine G. Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX USA
| | - Erin J. Leonard
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA
| | | | | | - Divya M. Persaud
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA
| | - Gregor Steinbrügge
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA
| | - Mikhail Y. Zolotov
- School of Earth & Space Exploration and School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ USA
| | | | | | | | - Samuel M. Howell
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA
| | | | - Andrew J. Dombard
- Dept. of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | | | - Olivier Mousis
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LAM (Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille), Marseille, France
| | - Mark A. Sephton
- Impacts and Astromaterials Research Centre, Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Francis Nimmo
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA USA
| | - Alfred S. McEwen
- Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA
| | - Murthy S. Gudipati
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA
| | - Insoo Jun
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA
| | - Xianzhe Jia
- Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Frank Postberg
- Institut für Geologische Wissenschaften, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Krista M. Soderlund
- Institute for Geophysics, John A. and Katherine G. Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX USA
| | - Catherine M. Elder
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA
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Gómez-Lozada F, del Valle CA, Jiménez-Paz JD, Lazarov BS, Galvis J. Modelling and simulation of brinicle formation. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2023; 10:230268. [PMID: 37885987 PMCID: PMC10598449 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.230268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Below the Arctic sea ice, under the right conditions, a flux of icy brine flows down into the sea. The icy brine has a much lower fusion point and is denser than normal seawater. As a result, it sinks while freezing everything around it, forming an ice channel called a brinicle (also known as ice stalactite). In this paper, we develop a mathematical model for this phenomenon, assuming cylindrical symmetry. The fluid is considered to be viscous and quasi-stationary. The heat and salt transport are weakly coupled to the fluid motion and are modelled with the corresponding conservation equations, accounting for diffusive and convective effects. Finite-element discretization is employed to solve the coupled system of partial differential equations. We find that the model can capture the general behaviour of the physical system and generate brinicle-like structures while also recovering dendrite composition, which is a physically expected feature aligned with previous experimental results. This represents, to our knowledge, the first complete model proposed that captures the global structure of the physical phenomenon even though it has some discrepancies, such as brine accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Gómez-Lozada
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 45 No. 26-85, Edificio Uriel Gutiérrez, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Carlos Andrés del Valle
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 45 No. 26-85, Edificio Uriel Gutiérrez, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Julián David Jiménez-Paz
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 45 No. 26-85, Edificio Uriel Gutiérrez, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | | | - Juan Galvis
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 45 No. 26-85, Edificio Uriel Gutiérrez, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
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Roberts JH, McKinnon WB, Elder CM, Tobie G, Biersteker JB, Young D, Park RS, Steinbrügge G, Nimmo F, Howell SM, Castillo-Rogez JC, Cable ML, Abrahams JN, Bland MT, Chivers C, Cochrane CJ, Dombard AJ, Ernst C, Genova A, Gerekos C, Glein C, Harris CD, Hay HCFC, Hayne PO, Hedman M, Hussmann H, Jia X, Khurana K, Kiefer WS, Kirk R, Kivelson M, Lawrence J, Leonard EJ, Lunine JI, Mazarico E, McCord TB, McEwen A, Paty C, Quick LC, Raymond CA, Retherford KD, Roth L, Rymer A, Saur J, Scanlan K, Schroeder DM, Senske DA, Shao W, Soderlund K, Spiers E, Styczinski MJ, Tortora P, Vance SD, Villarreal MN, Weiss BP, Westlake JH, Withers P, Wolfenbarger N, Buratti B, Korth H, Pappalardo RT. Exploring the Interior of Europa with the Europa Clipper. SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS 2023; 219:46. [PMID: 37636325 PMCID: PMC10457249 DOI: 10.1007/s11214-023-00990-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
The Galileo mission to Jupiter revealed that Europa is an ocean world. The Galileo magnetometer experiment in particular provided strong evidence for a salty subsurface ocean beneath the ice shell, likely in contact with the rocky core. Within the ice shell and ocean, a number of tectonic and geodynamic processes may operate today or have operated at some point in the past, including solid ice convection, diapirism, subsumption, and interstitial lake formation. The science objectives of the Europa Clipper mission include the characterization of Europa's interior; confirmation of the presence of a subsurface ocean; identification of constraints on the depth to this ocean, and on its salinity and thickness; and determination of processes of material exchange between the surface, ice shell, and ocean. Three broad categories of investigation are planned to interrogate different aspects of the subsurface structure and properties of the ice shell and ocean: magnetic induction, subsurface radar sounding, and tidal deformation. These investigations are supplemented by several auxiliary measurements. Alone, each of these investigations will reveal unique information. Together, the synergy between these investigations will expose the secrets of the Europan interior in unprecedented detail, an essential step in evaluating the habitability of this ocean world.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Catherine M Elder
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ryan S Park
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Gregor Steinbrügge
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Francis Nimmo
- University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Samuel M Howell
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | | | - Morgan L Cable
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Corey J Cochrane
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | | | - Carolyn Ernst
- Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Hamish C F C Hay
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Paul O Hayne
- University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | | | - Hauke Hussmann
- German Aerospace Center Institute of Planetary Research, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Walter S Kiefer
- Lunar and Planetary Institute, University Space Research Association, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | | | - Erin J Leonard
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Carol A Raymond
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Kurt D Retherford
- Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Lorenz Roth
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Abigail Rymer
- Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | - David A Senske
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Wencheng Shao
- University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Marshall J Styczinski
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Paolo Tortora
- Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Steven D Vance
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Bonnie Buratti
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Haje Korth
- Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD, USA
| | - Robert T Pappalardo
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
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5
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Wolfenbarger NS, Buffo JJ, Soderlund KM, Blankenship DD. Ice Shell Structure and Composition of Ocean Worlds: Insights from Accreted Ice on Earth. ASTROBIOLOGY 2022; 22:937-961. [PMID: 35787145 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2021.0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Accreted ice retains and preserves traces of the ocean from which it formed. In this work, we study two classes of accreted ice found on Earth-frazil ice, which forms through crystallization within a supercooled water column, and congelation ice, which forms through directional freezing at an existing interface-and discuss where each might be found in the ice shells of ocean worlds. We focus our study on terrestrial ice formed in low temperature gradient environments (e.g., beneath ice shelves), consistent with conditions expected at the ice-ocean interfaces of Europa and Enceladus, and we highlight the juxtaposition of compositional trends in relation to ice formed in higher temperature gradient environments (e.g., at the ocean surface). Observations from Antarctic sub-ice-shelf congelation ice and marine ice show that the purity of frazil ice can be nearly two orders of magnitude higher than congelation ice formed in the same low temperature gradient environment (∼0.1% vs. ∼10% of the ocean salinity). In addition, where congelation ice can maintain a planar ice-water interface on a microstructural scale, the efficiency of salt rejection is enhanced (∼1% of the ocean salinity) and lattice soluble impurities such as chloride are preferentially incorporated. We conclude that an ice shell that forms by gradual thickening as its interior cools would be composed of congelation ice, whereas frazil ice will accumulate where the ice shell thins on local (rifts and basal fractures) or regional (latitudinal gradients) scales through the operation of an "ice pump."
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacob J Buffo
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Krista M Soderlund
- Institute for Geophysics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
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6
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Ding Y, Gutiérrez-Ariza CM, Zheng M, Felgate A, Lawes A, Sainz-Díaz CI, Cartwright JHE, Cardoso SSS. Downward fingering accompanies upward tube growth in a chemical garden grown in a vertical confined geometry. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:17841-17851. [PMID: 35851594 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01862d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chemical gardens are self-assembled structures of mineral precipitates enabled by semi-permeable membranes. To explore the effects of gravity on the formation of chemical gardens, we have studied chemical gardens grown from cobalt chloride pellets and aqueous sodium silicate solution in a vertical Hele-Shaw cell. Through photography, we have observed and quantitatively analysed upward growing tubes and downward growing fingers. The latter were not seen in previous experimental studies involving similar physicochemical systems in 3-dimensional or horizontal confined geometry. To better understand the results, further studies of flow patterns, buoyancy forces, and growth dynamics under schlieren optics have been carried out, together with characterisation of the precipitates with scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffractometry. In addition to an ascending flow and the resulting precipitation of tubular filaments, a previously not reported descending flow has been observed which, under some conditions, is accompanied by precipitation of solid fingering structures. We conclude that the physics of both the ascending and descending flows are shaped by buoyancy, together with osmosis and chemical reaction. The existence of the descending flow might highlight a limitation in current experimental methods for growing chemical gardens under gravity, where seeds are typically not suspended in the middle of the solution and are confined by the bottom of the vessel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ding
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, West Cambridge Site, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, UK.
| | - Carlos M Gutiérrez-Ariza
- Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de Granada, Avenida de las Palmeras, 4, E-18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
| | - Mingchuan Zheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, West Cambridge Site, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, UK.
| | - Amy Felgate
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, West Cambridge Site, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, UK.
| | - Anna Lawes
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, West Cambridge Site, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, UK.
| | - C Ignacio Sainz-Díaz
- Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de Granada, Avenida de las Palmeras, 4, E-18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
| | - Julyan H E Cartwright
- Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de Granada, Avenida de las Palmeras, 4, E-18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain. .,Instituto Carlos I de Física Teórica y Computacional, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Avenida de Fuente Nueva, s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Silvana S S Cardoso
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, West Cambridge Site, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, UK.
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Mudge MC, Nunn BL, Firth E, Ewert M, Hales K, Fondrie WE, Noble WS, Toner J, Light B, Junge KA. Subzero, saline incubations of Colwellia psychrerythraea reveal strategies and biomarkers for sustained life in extreme icy environments. Environ Microbiol 2021; 23:3840-3866. [PMID: 33760340 PMCID: PMC8475265 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Colwellia psychrerythraea is a marine psychrophilic bacterium known for its remarkable ability to maintain activity during long-term exposure to extreme subzero temperatures and correspondingly high salinities in sea ice. These microorganisms must have adaptations to both high salinity and low temperature to survive, be metabolically active, or grow in the ice. Here, we report on an experimental design that allowed us to monitor culturability, cell abundance, activity and proteomic signatures of C. psychrerythraea strain 34H (Cp34H) in subzero brines and supercooled sea water through long-term incubations under eight conditions with varying subzero temperatures, salinities and nutrient additions. Shotgun proteomics found novel metabolic strategies used to maintain culturability in response to each independent experimental variable, particularly in pathways regulating carbon, nitrogen and fatty acid metabolism. Statistical analysis of abundances of proteins uniquely identified in isolated conditions provide metabolism-specific protein biosignatures indicative of growth or survival in either increased salinity, decreased temperature, or nutrient limitation. Additionally, to aid in the search for extant life on other icy worlds, analysis of detected short peptides in -10°C incubations after 4 months identified over 500 potential biosignatures that could indicate the presence of terrestrial-like cold-active or halophilic metabolisms on other icy worlds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda C. Mudge
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Brook L. Nunn
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Astrobiology Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Erin Firth
- Applied Physics Lab, Polar Science Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Marcela Ewert
- Applied Physics Lab, Polar Science Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Kianna Hales
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | - William S. Noble
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Jonathan Toner
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Bonnie Light
- Applied Physics Lab, Polar Science Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Karen A. Junge
- Applied Physics Lab, Polar Science Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
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Cardoso SSS, Cartwright JHE, Čejková J, Cronin L, De Wit A, Giannerini S, Horváth D, Rodrigues A, Russell MJ, Sainz-Díaz CI, Tóth Á. Chemobrionics: From Self-Assembled Material Architectures to the Origin of Life. ARTIFICIAL LIFE 2020; 26:315-326. [PMID: 32697160 DOI: 10.1162/artl_a_00323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Self-organizing precipitation processes, such as chemical gardens forming biomimetic micro- and nanotubular forms, have the potential to show us new fundamental science to explore, quantify, and understand nonequilibrium physicochemical systems, and shed light on the conditions for life's emergence. The physics and chemistry of these phenomena, due to the assembly of material architectures under a flux of ions, and their exploitation in applications, have recently been termed chemobrionics. Advances in understanding in this area require a combination of expertise in physics, chemistry, mathematical modeling, biology, and nanoengineering, as well as in complex systems and nonlinear and materials sciences, giving rise to this new synergistic discipline of chemobrionics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana S S Cardoso
- University of Cambridge, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology.
| | - Julyan H E Cartwright
- Universidad de Granada CSIC, Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra, Instituto Carlos I de Física Teórica y Computacional.
| | - Jitka Čejková
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Department of Chemical Engineering
| | | | - Anne De Wit
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Nonlinear Physical Chemistry Unit
| | - Simone Giannerini
- Università di Bologna, Dipartimento di Scienze Statistiche "Paolo Fortunati"
| | - Dezső Horváth
- University of Szeged, Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry
| | | | | | | | - Ágota Tóth
- University of Szeged, Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science
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9
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Wang Q, Steinbock O. Materials Synthesis and Catalysis in Microfluidic Devices: Prebiotic Chemistry in Mineral Membranes. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201901495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingpu Wang
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryFlorida State University 102 Varsity Drive Tallahassee FL 32306-4390 USA
| | - Oliver Steinbock
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryFlorida State University 102 Varsity Drive Tallahassee FL 32306-4390 USA
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