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Han X, Lu Y, Xu Z, Chu Y, Ma X, Wu H, Zou B, Zhou G. Anionic liposomes prepared without organic solvents for effective siRNA delivery. IET Nanobiotechnol 2023; 17:269-280. [PMID: 36786285 DOI: 10.1049/nbt2.12117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, organic solvents are necessary for the preparation of anionic liposomes for siRNA delivery. The removal of organic solvent is time-consuming and the residual organic solvent is not only a hidden danger, but also affects the stability of anionic liposomes. Glycerol, which is physiologically compatible and does not need to be removed, is used to promote the dispersion of lipids and the formation of anionic liposomes. Additionally, the preparation process is simple and not time-consuming. The results showed that anionic liposomes, which were typically spherical with a particle size of 188.9 nm were successfully prepared with glycerol. And with the help of Ca2+ , siRNA was encapsulated in anionic liposomes. The highest encapsulation efficiency at 2.4 mM Ca2+ reached 91%. And the formation of calcium phosphate could promote the endosomal escape of siRNA effectively. The results from cell viability showed that the anionic liposomes had no obvious cytotoxicity. It was also verified that anionic liposomes could improve the resistance of siRNA against degradation. Additionally, siRNA delivered by anionic liposomes could play an effective role in knockout. Therefore, anionic liposomes prepared with glycerol will be a safe and effective delivery platform for siRNA and even other nucleic acid drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Han
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhaoluo Xu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanan Chu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xueping Ma
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiping Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bingjie Zou
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guohua Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Munir MU, Salman S, Javed I, Bukhari SNA, Ahmad N, Shad NA, Aziz F. Nano-hydroxyapatite as a delivery system: overview and advancements. ARTIFICIAL CELLS, NANOMEDICINE, AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 49:717-727. [PMID: 34907839 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2021.2016785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Nano-hydroxyapatite is being investigated as vital components of implants and dental and tissue engineering devices. It is found as a bone replacement due to its non-toxicity and cytocompatibility with dental tissues and bone. The reality that nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite can be made of porous granules and scaffolds. Additionally, it has a massive loading potential indicating its use as a transporter for drugs or a regulated drug release mechanism in pharmaceutical research. This review aims to present existing nano-hydroxyapatite research developments as a drug carrier employed in bone tissue disorders locally and deliver poorly soluble drugs with reduced bioavailability. We have discussed the nano-hydroxyapatite role in the delivery of drugs (i.e. anti-resorptive, anti-cancer, and antibiotics), proteins, genetic material, and radionuclides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Usman Munir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sajal Salman
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ibrahim Javed
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Syed Nasir Abbas Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naveed Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naveed Akhter Shad
- National Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Farooq Aziz
- Department of Physics, University of Sahiwal, Sahiwal, Pakistan
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Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles in Drug Delivery: Physicochemistry and Applications. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13101642. [PMID: 34683935 PMCID: PMC8537309 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HAP) has been the gold standard in the biomedical field due to its composition and similarity to human bone. Properties such as shape, size, morphology, and ionic substitution can be tailored through the use of different synthesis techniques and compounds. Regardless of the ability to determine its physicochemical properties, a conclusion for the correlation with the biological response it is yet to be found. Hence, a special focus on the most desirable properties for an appropriate biological response needs to be addressed. This review provides an overview of the fundamental properties of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and the characterization of physicochemical properties involved in their biological response and role as a drug delivery system. A summary of the main chemical properties and applications of hydroxyapatite, the advantages of using nanoparticles, and the influence of shape, size, functional group, morphology, and crystalline phase in the biological response is presented. A special emphasis was placed on the analysis of chemical and physical interactions of the nanoparticles and the cargo, which was explained through the use of spectroscopic and physical techniques such as FTIR, Raman, XRD, SEM, DLS, and BET. We discuss the properties tailored for hydroxyapatite nanoparticles for a specific biomolecule based on the compilation of studies performed on proteins, peptides, drugs, and genetic material.
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Fabrication of Drug-Loaded Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles: An Investigation of Microbial Toxicity. J CLUST SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-021-02104-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Yahya EB, Alqadhi AM. Recent trends in cancer therapy: A review on the current state of gene delivery. Life Sci 2021; 269:119087. [PMID: 33476633 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer treatment has been always considered one of the most critical and vital themes of clinical issues. Many approaches have been developed, depending on the type and the stage of tumor. Gene therapy has the potential to revolutionize different cancer therapy. With the advent of recent bioinformatics technologies and genetic science, it become possible to identify, diagnose and determine the potential treatment using the technology of gene delivery. Several approaches have been developed and experimented in vitro and vivo for cancer therapy including: naked nucleic acids based therapy, targeting micro RNAs, oncolytic virotherapy, suicide gene based therapy, targeting telomerase, cell mediated gene therapy, and CRISPR/Cas9 based therapy. In this review, we present a straightforward introduction to cancer biology and occurrence, highlighting different viral and non-viral gene delivery systems for gene therapy and critically discussed the current and various strategies for cancer gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esam Bashir Yahya
- School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
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Charbe NB, Amnerkar ND, Ramesh B, Tambuwala MM, Bakshi HA, Aljabali AA, Khadse SC, Satheeshkumar R, Satija S, Metha M, Chellappan DK, Shrivastava G, Gupta G, Negi P, Dua K, Zacconi FC. Small interfering RNA for cancer treatment: overcoming hurdles in delivery. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:2075-2109. [PMID: 33304780 PMCID: PMC7714980 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In many ways, cancer cells are different from healthy cells. A lot of tactical nano-based drug delivery systems are based on the difference between cancer and healthy cells. Currently, nanotechnology-based delivery systems are the most promising tool to deliver DNA-based products to cancer cells. This review aims to highlight the latest development in the lipids and polymeric nanocarrier for siRNA delivery to the cancer cells. It also provides the necessary information about siRNA development and its mechanism of action. Overall, this review gives us a clear picture of lipid and polymer-based drug delivery systems, which in the future could form the base to translate the basic siRNA biology into siRNA-based cancer therapies.
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Key Words
- 1,3-propanediol, PEG-b-PDMAEMA-b-Ppy
- 2-propylacrylicacid, PAH-b-PDMAPMA-b-PAH
- APOB, apolipoprotein B
- AQP-5, aquaporin-5
- AZEMA, azidoethyl methacrylate
- Atufect01, β-l-arginyl-2,3-l-diaminopropionicacid-N-palmityl-N-oleyl-amide trihydrochloride
- AuNPs, gold nanoparticles
- B-PEI, branched polyethlenimine
- BMA, butyl methacrylate
- CFTR, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene
- CHEMS, cholesteryl hemisuccinate
- CHOL, cholesterol
- CMC, critical micelles concentration
- Cancer
- DC-Chol, 3β-[N-(N′,N′-dimethylaminoethane)carbamoyl]cholesterol
- DMAEMA, 2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate
- DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid
- DOPC, dioleylphosphatidyl choline
- DOPE, dioleylphosphatidyl ethanolamine
- DOTAP, N-[1-(2,3-dioleoyloxy)propyl]-N,N,N-trimethylammonium methyl-sulfate
- DOTMA, N-[1-(2,3-dioleyloxy)propy]-N,N,N-trimethylammoniumchloride
- DOX, doxorubicin
- DSGLA, N,N-dis-tearyl-N-methyl-N-2[N′-(N2-guanidino-l-lysinyl)] aminoethylammonium chloride
- DSPC, 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
- DSPE, 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylethanolamine
- DSPE-MPEG, 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[methoxy(polyethylene glycol)-2000] (ammonium salt)
- DSPE-PEG-Mal: 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[maleimide(polyethylene glycol)-2000] (mmmonium salt), EPR
- Liposomes
- Micelles
- N-acetylgalactosamine, HIF-1α
- Nanomedicine
- PE-PCL-b-PNVCL, pentaerythritol polycaprolactone-block-poly(N-vinylcaprolactam)
- PLA, poly-l-arginine
- PLGA, poly lactic-co-glycolic acid
- PLK-1, polo-like kinase 1
- PLL, poly-l-lysine
- PPES-b-PEO-b-PPES, poly(4-(phenylethynyl)styrene)-block-PEO-block-poly(4-(phenylethynyl)styrene)
- PTX, paclitaxel
- PiRNA, piwi-interacting RNA
- Polymer
- RES, reticuloendothelial system
- RGD, Arg-Gly-Asp peptide
- RISC, RNA-induced silencing complex
- RNA, ribonucleic acid
- RNAi, RNA interference
- RNAse III, ribonuclease III enzyme
- SEM, scanning electron microscope
- SNALP, stable nucleic acid-lipid particles
- SiRNA, short interfering rNA
- Small interfering RNA (siRNA)
- S–Au, thio‒gold
- TCC, transitional cell carcinoma
- TEM, transmission electron microscopy
- Tf, transferrin
- Trka, tropomyosin receptor kinase A
- USPIO, ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles
- UV, ultraviolet
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- ZEBOV, Zaire ebola virus
- enhanced permeability and retention, Galnac
- hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, KSP
- kinesin spindle protein, LDI
- lipid-protamine-DNA/hyaluronic acid, MDR
- lysine ethyl ester diisocyanate, LPD/LPH
- messenger RNA, MTX
- methotrexate, NIR
- methoxy polyethylene glycol-polycaprolactone, mRNA
- methoxypoly(ethylene glycol), MPEG-PCL
- micro RNA, MPEG
- multiple drug resistance, MiRNA
- nanoparticle, NRP-1
- near-infrared, NP
- neuropilin-1, PAA
- poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide), PDO
- poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide), pentaerythritol polycaprolactone-block-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)
- poly(acrylhydrazine)-block-poly(3-dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide)-block-poly(acrylhydrazine), PCL
- poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate)-block poly(pyrenylmethyl methacrylate), PEG-b-PLL
- poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(l-lysine), PEI
- poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(2-(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate)-stat-poly(methoxyethyl methacrylate), PEO-b-PCL
- poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(Ε-caprolactone), PE-PCL-b-PNIPAM
- poly(Ε-caprolactone), PCL-PEG
- poly(Ε-caprolactone)-polyethyleneglycol-poly(l-histidine), PCL-PEI
- polycaprolactone-polyethyleneglycol, PCL-PEG-PHIS
- polycaprolactone-polyethylenimine, PDMA
- polyethylenimine, PEO-b-P(DEA-Stat-MEMA
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Bharat Charbe
- Departamento de Quimica Orgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
- Sri Adichunchunagiri College of Pharmacy, Sri Adichunchunagiri University, BG Nagar, Karnataka 571418, India
| | - Nikhil D. Amnerkar
- Adv V. R. Manohar Institute of Diploma in Pharmacy, Nagpur, Maharashtra 441110, India
| | - B. Ramesh
- Sri Adichunchunagiri College of Pharmacy, Sri Adichunchunagiri University, BG Nagar, Karnataka 571418, India
| | - Murtaza M. Tambuwala
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Hamid A. Bakshi
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Alaa A.A. Aljabali
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, Jordan
| | - Saurabh C. Khadse
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R.C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Dist. Dhule, Maharashtra 425 405, India
| | - Rajendran Satheeshkumar
- Departamento de Quimica Orgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Saurabh Satija
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411 Punjab, India
| | - Meenu Metha
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411 Punjab, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Garima Shrivastava
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Jaipur 302017, India
| | - Poonam Negi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI) and School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Flavia C. Zacconi
- Departamento de Quimica Orgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
- Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 4860, Chile
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Mohammadinejad R, Dehshahri A, Sagar Madamsetty V, Zahmatkeshan M, Tavakol S, Makvandi P, Khorsandi D, Pardakhty A, Ashrafizadeh M, Ghasemipour Afshar E, Zarrabi A. In vivo gene delivery mediated by non-viral vectors for cancer therapy. J Control Release 2020; 325:249-275. [PMID: 32634464 PMCID: PMC7334939 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy by expression constructs or down-regulation of certain genes has shown great potential for the treatment of various diseases. The wide clinical application of nucleic acid materials dependents on the development of biocompatible gene carriers. There are enormous various compounds widely investigated to be used as non-viral gene carriers including lipids, polymers, carbon materials, and inorganic structures. In this review, we will discuss the recent discoveries on non-viral gene delivery systems. We will also highlight the in vivo gene delivery mediated by non-viral vectors to treat cancer in different tissue and organs including brain, breast, lung, liver, stomach, and prostate. Finally, we will delineate the state-of-the-art and promising perspective of in vivo gene editing using non-viral nano-vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Mohammadinejad
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Dehshahri
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Vijay Sagar Madamsetty
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Masoumeh Zahmatkeshan
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Tavakol
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, IPCB-CNR, Naples, Italy; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz 6153753843, Iran
| | - Danial Khorsandi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced, Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14496-14535, Iran; Department of Biotechnology-Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Abbas Pardakhty
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elham Ghasemipour Afshar
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, Istanbul 34956, Turkey; Center of Excellence for Functional Surfaces and Interfaces (EFSUN), Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Tuzla, Istanbul 34956, Turkey.
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Gao C, Li Z, Zou J, Cheng J, Jiang K, Liu C, Gu G, Tao W, Song J. Mechanical Effect on Gene Transfection Based on Dielectric Elastomer Actuator. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:2617-2625. [PMID: 35025395 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b01199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Gene transfection has been widely applied in genome function and gene therapy. Although many efforts have been focused on designing carrier materials and transfection methods, the influence of mechanical stimulation on gene transfection efficiency has rarely been studied. Herein, dielectric elastomer actuator (DEA)-based stimulation bioreactors are designed to generate tensile and contractile stress on cells simultaneously. With the example of the EGFP transfection, cells with high membrane tension in the stretching stimulation regions had lower transfection efficiency, while the transfection efficiency of cells in the compressing regions tended to increase. Besides, the duty cycle and loading frequency of the applied stress on cells were also important factors that affect gene transfection efficiency. Furthermore, the pathways of cell endocytosis with the effect of mechanical stimulation were explored on the mechanism for the change of EGFP transfection efficiency. This design of the DEA-based bioreactor, as a strategy to study gene transfection efficiency, could be helpful for developing efficient transfection methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Gao
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhichao Li
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Zou
- Robotics Institute, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Cheng
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Jiang
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Changrun Liu
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoying Gu
- Robotics Institute, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Tao
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Song
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences; The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, People's Republic of China
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9
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Yang Y, Wang X, Hu X, Kawazoe N, Yang Y, Chen G. Influence of Cell Morphology on Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transfection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:1932-1941. [PMID: 30571082 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b20490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Gene transfection has broad applications in bioengineering and biomedical fields. Although many gene carrier materials and transfection methods have been developed, it remains unclear how cell morphology including cell spreading and elongation affects gene transfection. In this study, human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were cultured on micropatterns and transfected with cationic pAcGFP1-N1 plasmid complexes. The relationship between the cell morphology of hMSCs and gene transfection was investigated using micropatterning techniques. Spreading and elongation of hMSCs were precisely controlled by micropatterned surfaces. The results showed that well-spread and elongated hMSCs had high transfection efficiency. Analysis of the uptake of exogenous genes and DNA synthesis activity indicated that the well-spread and elongated cell morphology promoted gene transfection through enhanced uptake of the cationic complexes and accelerated DNA synthesis. The results should provide useful information for understanding of cell morphology on gene transfection and development of efficient gene transfection methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjun Yang
- Research Center for Functional Materials , National Institute for Materials Science , 1-1 Namiki , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-0044 , Japan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences , University of Tsukuba , 1-1-1 Tennodai , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8577 , Japan
| | - Xinlong Wang
- Research Center for Functional Materials , National Institute for Materials Science , 1-1 Namiki , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-0044 , Japan
| | - Xiaohong Hu
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science , University of Tsukuba , 1-1-1 Tennodai , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8571 , Japan
| | - Naoki Kawazoe
- Research Center for Functional Materials , National Institute for Materials Science , 1-1 Namiki , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-0044 , Japan
| | - Yingnan Yang
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science , University of Tsukuba , 1-1-1 Tennodai , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8571 , Japan
| | - Guoping Chen
- Research Center for Functional Materials , National Institute for Materials Science , 1-1 Namiki , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-0044 , Japan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences , University of Tsukuba , 1-1-1 Tennodai , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8577 , Japan
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Dual-functionalized calcium nanocomplexes for transfection of cancerous and stem cells: Low molecular weight polycation-mediated colloidal stability and ATP-mediated endosomal release. J IND ENG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2018.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ye L, Yang Y, Ma XY, Li D, Xu ML, Tan P, Long LM, Wang HQ, Liu T, Guo YH. Construction of a novel vector expressing Survivin-shRNA and fusion suicide gene yCDglyTK and its application in inhibiting proliferation and migration of colon cancer cells. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:4721-4728. [PMID: 29201172 PMCID: PMC5704315 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite progress achieved in cancer chemotherapy in recent decades, adverse effects remain a limiting factor for a number of patients with colorectal cancer, suggesting the requirement for novel therapeutic strategies. Gene therapy appears to be a promising strategy for treating cancer. The present study aimed to investigate the anti-tumor effect of a combined gene therapy, using Survivin downregulation by RNAi and a fusion suicide gene yCDglyTK therapy system. A triple-gene vector expressing Survivin-targeted small hairpin RNA (Survivin-shRNA) and fusion suicide gene yCDglyTK was constructed, and administered to HCT116 cells. Survivin expression decreased significantly and yCDglyTK fusion gene expression was confirmed by both reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. Introduction of Survivin-shRNA into yCDglyTK/prodrug system eradicated colon cancer cells and induced apoptosis more effectively. Furthermore, this therapeutic system is able to inhibit the migration of HCT116 cells. These results indicate that the recombinant plasmid may serve as a novel gene therapy approach to treat colorectal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Ye
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Yu Ma
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Mei-Li Xu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Pan Tan
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Li-Min Long
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Qin Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Hong Guo
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
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12
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Chernousova S, Epple M. Live-cell imaging to compare the transfection and gene silencing efficiency of calcium phosphate nanoparticles and a liposomal transfection agent. Gene Ther 2017; 24:282-289. [PMID: 28218744 PMCID: PMC5442419 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2017.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The processing of DNA (for transfection) and short interfering RNA (siRNA; for gene silencing), introduced into HeLa cells by triple-shell calcium phosphate nanoparticles, was followed by live-cell imaging. For comparison, the commercial liposomal transfection agent Lipofectamine was used. The cells were incubated with these delivery systems, carrying either enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP)-encoding DNA or siRNA against eGFP. In the latter case, HeLa cells that stably expressed eGFP were used. The expression of eGFP started after 5 h in the case of nanoparticles and after 4 h in the case of Lipofectamine. The corresponding times for gene silencing were 5 h (nanoparticles) and immediately after incubation (Lipofectamine). The expression of eGFP was notably enhanced 2-3 h after cell division (mitosis). In general, the transfection and gene silencing efficiencies of the nanoparticles were lower than those of Lipofectamime, even at a substantially higher dose (factor 20) of nucleic acids. However, the cytotoxicity of the nanoparticles was lower than that of Lipofectamine, making them suitable vectors for in vivo application.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chernousova
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - M Epple
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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13
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Deng W, Cao X, Wang Q, Wang Y, Chen J, Yu Q, Zhang Z, Zhou J, Xu W, Du P, Chen J, Gao X, Yu J, Xu X. Prolonged Three-Dimensional Co-Delivery of Yamanaka Factors for Cell Reprogramming. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:19916-19927. [PMID: 27428246 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b05825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Reprogramming somatic cells into a pluripotent state has been widely investigated in two-dimensional (2D) systems but not described in the more biologically faithful three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds. Here, we devise a 3D porous tissue engineering scaffold that could achieve successful and efficient induction of pluripotency. To construct this 3D scaffold, nonviral hybrid nanoparticles were fabricated beforehand by employing calcium phosphate and cationized Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharide to codeliver plasmids OCT4, SOX2, KLF4 ,and C-MYC (pOSKM). These hybrid nanoparticles were then loaded into a 3D porous collagen scaffold to obtain the so-called pOSKM-activated 3D scaffold. This 3D scaffold could reprogram human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUMSCs) into a pluripotent state, generating 3D cell spheres which showed positive expression of pluripotency markers in the 3D scaffolds and tightly packed colonies when transferred to 2D feeder layers. Besides sharing similar morphology, epigenetic modification, and expression of pluripotency genes with the embryonic stem cells, the 3D system-generated colonies could also be expanded on feeder layers for more than 20 passages, indicating the successful establishment of stable induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines. Our findings represent a first employment of porous 3D scaffolds to achieve successful reprogramming via a one-time transfection, offering a safe, simple, and effective alternative strategy for iPSC generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Deng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Center for Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212001, P.R. China
| | - Xia Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Center for Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212001, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Center for Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212001, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Center for Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212001, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Center for Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212001, P.R. China
| | - Qingtong Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Center for Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212001, P.R. China
| | - Zhijian Zhang
- Center for Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering and School of Medicine, Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212001, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Center for Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212001, P.R. China
| | - Wenqian Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Center for Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212001, P.R. China
| | - Pan Du
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Center for Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212001, P.R. China
| | - Jiaxin Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Center for Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212001, P.R. China
| | - Xiangdong Gao
- School of Life Science & Technology, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Jiangnan Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Center for Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212001, P.R. China
| | - Ximing Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Center for Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212001, P.R. China
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14
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Vago R, Collico V, Zuppone S, Prosperi D, Colombo M. Nanoparticle-mediated delivery of suicide genes in cancer therapy. Pharmacol Res 2016; 111:619-641. [PMID: 27436147 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Conventional chemotherapeutics have been employed in cancer treatment for decades due to their efficacy in killing the malignant cells, but the other side of the coin showed off-target effects, onset of drug resistance and recurrences. To overcome these limitations, different approaches have been investigated and suicide gene therapy has emerged as a promising alternative. This approach consists in the introduction of genetic materials into cancerous cells or the surrounding tissue to cause cell death or retard the growth of the tumor mass. Despite promising results obtained both in vitro and in vivo, this innovative approach has been limited, for long time, to the treatment of localized tumors, due to the suboptimal efficiency in introducing suicide genes into cancer cells. Nanoparticles represent a valuable non-viral delivery system to protect drugs in the bloodstream, to improve biodistribution, and to limit side effects by achieving target selectivity through surface ligands. In this scenario, the real potential of suicide genes can be translated into clinically viable treatments for patients. In the present review, we summarize the recent advances of inorganic nanoparticles as non-viral vectors in terms of therapeutic efficacy, targeting capacity and safety issues. We describe the main suicide genes currently used in therapy, with particular emphasis on toxin-encoding genes of bacterial and plant origin. In addition, we discuss the relevance of molecular targeting and tumor-restricted expression to improve treatment specificity to cancer tissue. Finally, we analyze the main clinical applications, limitations and future perspectives of suicide gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Vago
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, I-20132, Italy; Istituto di Ricerca Urologica, Divisione di Oncologia Sperimentale, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Veronica Collico
- Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, NanoBioLab, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Piazza Della Scienza 2, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Zuppone
- Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, NanoBioLab, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Piazza Della Scienza 2, 20126 Milan, Italy; Istituto di Ricerca Urologica, Divisione di Oncologia Sperimentale, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Prosperi
- Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, NanoBioLab, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Piazza Della Scienza 2, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Miriam Colombo
- Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, NanoBioLab, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Piazza Della Scienza 2, 20126 Milan, Italy.
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15
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Pan J, Yuan Y, Wang H, Liu F, Xiong X, Chen H, Yuan L. Efficient Transfection by Using PDMAEMA-Modified SiNWAs as a Platform for Ca(2+)-Dependent Gene Delivery. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:15138-15144. [PMID: 27249181 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b04689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The major bottleneck for gene delivery lies in the lack of safe and efficient gene vectors and delivery systems. In order to develop a much safer and efficient transfection system, a novel strategy of combining traditional Ca(2+)-dependent transfection with cationic polymer poly(N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (PDMAEMA) modified silicon nanowire arrays (SiNWAs) was proposed in this work. Detailed studies were carried out on the effects of the PDMAEMA polymerization time, the Ca(2+) concentration, and the incubation time of Ca(2+)@DNA complex with PDMAEMA-modified SiNWAs (SN-PDM) on the gene transfection in the cells. The results demonstrated that the transfection efficiency of SN-PDM assisted traditional Ca(2+)-dependent transfection was significantly enhanced compared to those without any surface assistance, and SN-PDM with polymerization time 24 h exhibited the highest efficiency. Moreover, the optimal transfection efficiency was found at the system of a complex containing Ca(2+) (100 mM) and plasmid DNA (pDNA) incubated on SN-PDM for 20 min. Compared with unmodified SiNWAs, SN-PDM has little cytotoxicity and can improve cell attachment. All of these results demonstrated that SN-PDM could significantly enhance Ca(2+)-dependent transfection; this process depends on the amino groups' density of PDMAEMA on the surface, the Ca(2+) concentration, and the available Ca(2+)@DNA complex. Our study provides a potential novel and excellent means of gene delivery for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Pan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqi Yuan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhong Xiong
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Chen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Yuan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
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16
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Liu T, Wu HJ, Liang Y, Liang XJ, Huang HC, Zhao YZ, Liao QC, Chen YQ, Leng AM, Yuan WJ, Zhang GY, Peng J, Chen YH. Tumor-specific expression of shVEGF and suicide gene as a novel strategy for esophageal cancer therapy. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:5342-5352. [PMID: 27340350 PMCID: PMC4910655 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i23.5342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To develop a potent and safe gene therapy for esophageal cancer.
METHODS: An expression vector carrying fusion suicide gene (yCDglyTK) and shRNA against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was constructed and delivered into EC9706 esophageal cancer cells by calcium phosphate nanoparticles (CPNP). To achieve tumor selectivity, expression of the fusion suicide gene was driven by a tumor-specific human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) promoter. The biologic properties and therapeutic efficiency of the vector, in the presence of prodrug 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC), were evaluated in vitro and in vivo.
RESULTS: Both in vitro and in vivo testing showed that the expression vector was efficiently introduced by CPNP into tumor cells, leading to cellular expression of yCDglyTK and decreased VEGF level. With exposure to 5-FC, it exhibited strong anti-tumor effects against esophageal cancer. Combination of VEGF shRNA with the fusion suicide gene demonstrated strong anti-tumor activity.
CONCLUSION: The shVEGF-hTERT-yCDglyTK/5-FC system provided a novel approach for esophageal cancer-targeted gene therapy.
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17
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Kozielski KL, Rui Y, Green JJ. Non-viral nucleic acid containing nanoparticles as cancer therapeutics. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2016; 13:1475-87. [PMID: 27248202 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2016.1190707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The delivery of nucleic acids such as DNA and short interfering RNA (siRNA) is promising for the treatment of many diseases, including cancer, by enabling novel biological mechanisms of action. Non-viral nanoparticles are a promising class of nucleic acid carriers that can be designed to be safer and more versatile than traditional viral vectors. AREAS COVERED In this review, recent advances in the intracellular delivery of DNA and siRNA are described with a focus on non-viral nanoparticle-based delivery methods. Material properties that have enabled successful delivery are discussed as well as applications that have directly been applied to cancer therapy. Strategies to co-deliver different nucleic acids are highlighted, as are novel targets for nucleic acid co-delivery. EXPERT OPINION The treatment of complex genetically-based diseases such as cancer can be enabled by safe and effective intracellular delivery of multiple nucleic acids. Non-viral nanoparticles can be fabricated to deliver multiple nucleic acids to the same cell simultaneously to prevent tumor cells from easily compensating for the knockdown or overexpression of one genetic target. The continued innovation of new therapeutic modalities and non-viral nanotechnologies to provide target-specific and personalized forms of gene therapy hold promise for genetic medicine to treat diseases like cancer in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen L Kozielski
- a Department of Biomedical Engineering, the Institute for NanoBioTechnology, & the Translational Tissue Engineering Center , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Yuan Rui
- a Department of Biomedical Engineering, the Institute for NanoBioTechnology, & the Translational Tissue Engineering Center , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Jordan J Green
- a Department of Biomedical Engineering, the Institute for NanoBioTechnology, & the Translational Tissue Engineering Center , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA.,b Departments of Ophthalmology, Oncology, Neurosurgery, and Materials Science & Engineering , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
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18
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Satterlee AB, Huang L. Current and Future Theranostic Applications of the Lipid-Calcium-Phosphate Nanoparticle Platform. Theranostics 2016; 6:918-29. [PMID: 27217828 PMCID: PMC4876619 DOI: 10.7150/thno.14689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last four years, the Lipid-Calcium-Phosphate (LCP) nanoparticle platform has shown success in a wide range of treatment strategies, recently including theranostics. The high specific drug loading of radiometals into LCP, coupled with its ability to efficiently encapsulate many types of cytotoxic agents, allows a broad range of theranostic applications, many of which are yet unexplored. In addition to providing an overview of current medical imaging modalities, this review highlights the current theranostic applications for LCP using SPECT and PET, and discusses potential future uses of the platform by comparing it with both systemically and locally delivered clinical radiotherapy options as well as introducing its applications as an MRI contrast agent. Strengths and weaknesses of LCP and of nanoparticles in general are discussed, as well as caveats regarding the use of fluorescence to determine the accumulation or biodistribution of a probe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew B. Satterlee
- 1. Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7571, USA
- 2. UNC and NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Leaf Huang
- 1. Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7571, USA
- 2. UNC and NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
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19
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Cui ZK, Fan J, Kim S, Bezouglaia O, Fartash A, Wu BM, Aghaloo T, Lee M. Delivery of siRNA via cationic Sterosomes to enhance osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. J Control Release 2015; 217:42-52. [PMID: 26302903 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Noggin is a specific antagonist of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) that can prevent the interaction of BMPs with their receptors. RNA interfering molecules have been used to downregulate noggin expression and thereby stimulate BMP signaling and osteogenesis. Cationic liposomes are considered one of the most efficient non-viral systems for gene delivery. In the past decade, non-phospholipid liposomes (Sterosomes) formulated with single-chain amphiphiles and high content of sterols have been developed. In particular, Sterosomes composed of stearylamine (SA) and cholesterol (Chol) display distinct properties compared with traditional phospholipid liposomes, including increased positive surface charges and enhanced particle stability. Herein, we report SA/Chol Sterosome and small interfering RNA (siRNA) complexes that significantly enhanced cellular uptake and gene knockdown efficiencies in adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells with minimal cytotoxicity compared with commercially available lipofectamine 2000. Furthermore, we confirmed osteogenic efficacy of these Sterosomes loaded with noggin siRNA in in vitro two- and three-dimensional settings as well as in a mouse calvarial defect model. The delivery of siRNA via novel SA/Chol Sterosomes presents a powerful method for efficient gene knockdown. These distinct nanoparticles may present a promising alternative approach for gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Kai Cui
- Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, University of California Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Jiabing Fan
- Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, University of California Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Soyon Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Olga Bezouglaia
- Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Armita Fartash
- Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Benjamin M Wu
- Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, University of California Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States; Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Tara Aghaloo
- Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Min Lee
- Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, University of California Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States; Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States.
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20
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XU XIAOLIN, YANG HAIYUN, OU BING, LIN SHUDONG, WU HUAN, HE WANG, JIANG QIONGCHAO, LUO BAOMING, LI GAOPENG. Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles modified by branched polyethylenimine are effective non-viral vectors for siRNA transfection of hepatoma cells in vitro. Int J Oncol 2015; 46:2138-42. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.2918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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21
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Choi B, Cui ZK, Kim S, Fan J, Wu BM, Lee M. Glutamine-chitosan modified calcium phosphate nanoparticles for efficient siRNA delivery and osteogenic differentiation. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:6448-6455. [PMID: 26413302 DOI: 10.1039/c5tb00843c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi)-based therapy using small interfering RNA (siRNA) exhibits great potential to treat diseases. Although calcium phosphate (CaP)-based systems are attractive options to deliver nucleic acids due to their good biocompatibility and high affinity with nucleic acids, they are limited by uncontrollable particle formation and inconsistent transfection efficiencies. In this study, we developed a stable CaP nanocarrier system with enhanced intracellular uptake by adding highly cationic, glutamine-conjugated oligochitosan (Gln-OChi). CaP nanoparticles coated with Gln-OChi (CaP/Gln-OChi) significantly enhanced gene transfection and knockdown efficiency in both immortalized cell line (HeLa) and primary mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with minimal cytotoxicity. The osteogenic bioactivity of siRNA-loaded CaP/Gln-OChi particles was further confirmed in three-dimensional environments by using photocrosslinkable chitosan hydrogels encapsulating MSCs and particles loaded with siRNA targeting noggin, a bone morphogenetic protein antagonist. These findings suggest that our CaP/Gln-OChi nanocarrier provides an efficient and safe gene delivery system for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogyu Choi
- Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, University of California Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Zhong-Kai Cui
- Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, University of California Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Soyon Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, 410 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Jiabing Fan
- Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, University of California Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Benjamin M Wu
- Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, University of California Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA ; Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, 410 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Min Lee
- Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, University of California Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA ; Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, 410 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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22
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Revilla-López G, Casanovas J, Bertran O, Turon P, Puiggalí J, Alemán C. Modeling biominerals formed by apatites and DNA. Biointerphases 2013; 8:10. [PMID: 24706121 PMCID: PMC6604911 DOI: 10.1186/1559-4106-8-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Different aspects of biominerals formed by apatite and DNA have been investigated using computer modeling tools. Firstly, the structure and stability of biominerals in which DNA molecules are embedded into hydroxyapatite and fluoroapatite nanopores have been examined by combining different molecular mechanics methods. After this, the early processes in the nucleation of hydroxyapatite at a DNA template have been investigated using molecular dynamics simulations. Results indicate that duplexes of DNA adopting a B double helix can be encapsulated inside nanopores of hydroxyapatite without undergoing significant distortions in the inter-strand hydrogen bonds and the intra-strand stacking. This ability of hydroxyapatite is practically independent of the DNA sequence, which has been attributed to the stabilizing role of the interactions between the calcium atoms of the mineral and the phosphate groups of the biomolecule. In contrast, the fluorine atoms of fluoroapatite induce pronounced structural distortions in the double helix when embedded in a pore of the same dimensions, resulting in the loss of its most relevant characteristics. On the other hand, molecular dynamics simulations have allowed us to observe the formation of calcium phosphate clusters at the surface of the B-DNA template. Electrostatic interactions between the phosphate groups of DNA and Ca(2+) have been found to essential for the formation of stable ion complexes, which were the starting point of calcium phosphate clusters by incorporating PO3(4) from the solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Revilla-López
- Departament
d’Enginyeria Química, E. T. S. d’Enginyeria Industrial de
BarcelonaUniversitat Politècnica de
CatalunyaDiagonal
64708028BarcelonaSpain
| | - Jordi Casanovas
- Departament de
Química, Escola Politècnica SuperiorUniversitat de Lleidac/ Jaume II nº
69E-25001LleidaSpain
| | - Oscar Bertran
- Departament de
Física AplicadaEEI, Universitat
Politècnica de CatalunyaPça. Rei
1508700IgualadaSpain
| | - Pau Turon
- B. Braun Surgical
S.A.Carretera de Terrasa
12108191Rubí (Barcelona)Spain
| | - Jordi Puiggalí
- Departament
d’Enginyeria Química, E. T. S. d’Enginyeria Industrial de
BarcelonaUniversitat Politècnica de
CatalunyaDiagonal
64708028BarcelonaSpain
- Center for
Research in Nano-EngineeringUniversitat Politècnica de CatalunyaCampus Sud, Edifici C’, C/Pasqual i Vila s/nE-08028BarcelonaSpain
| | - Carlos Alemán
- Departament
d’Enginyeria Química, E. T. S. d’Enginyeria Industrial de
BarcelonaUniversitat Politècnica de
CatalunyaDiagonal
64708028BarcelonaSpain
- Center for
Research in Nano-EngineeringUniversitat Politècnica de CatalunyaCampus Sud, Edifici C’, C/Pasqual i Vila s/nE-08028BarcelonaSpain
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23
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Chen XM, Ye L, Leng AM, Liu T. Combined gene therapy system pcDNA 3.1(-)-shVEGF/yCDglyTK inhibits proliferation of gastric cancer cells. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2013; 21:2063-2069. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v21.i21.2063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To observe the effect of combined gene therapy system pcDNA 3.1(-)-shVEGF/yCDglyTK, which is mediated by calcium phosphate nanoparticles, on the proliferation of human gastric cancer cells.
METHODS: Expression plasmid vectors pcDNA3.1(-) NULL, pGenesil-1-hVEGF4-shRNA, pcDNA3.1(-)-CV-yCDglyTK, or pcDNA3.1(-)-shVEGF/yCDglyTK were transfected into human gastric cancer cell line SGC7901. The mRNA and protein expression of yCDglyTK and VEGF was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. The proliferation of transfected cells was analyzed by MTT assay. Apoptosis of SGC7901 cells was analyzed by flow cytometry.
RESULTS: After transfection with plasmid pcDNA3.1(-)-shVEGF/yCDglyTK, yCDglyTK mRNA and protein was detectable, and expression of VEGF was decreased by 30.3%. Compared to cells transfected with plasmid pcDNA3.1(-)-CV-yCDglyTK, cells treated with the combined gene therapy system showed more significant proliferation inhibition (P < 0.05) and apoptosis (apoptosis rate: 67.9% ± 4.78%).
CONCLUSION: The combined gene therapy system pcDNA3.1(-)-shVEGF/yCDglyTK has stronger killing effect on gastric cancer cells than RNA interference or suicide gene alone.
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Jang S, Lee S, Kim H, Ham J, Seo JH, Mok Y, Noh M, Lee Y. Preparation of pH-sensitive CaP nanoparticles coated with a phosphate-based block copolymer for efficient gene delivery. POLYMER 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2012.08.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Abstract
The long-recognized promise of gene therapy to treat a broad range of currently incurable diseases remains largely unfulfilled, hindered by lack of a safe and efficient delivery vehicle. Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles are deemed a feasible candidate and possess many characteristics desired of an ideal gene vector. Current fabrication techniques can readily synthesize hydroxyapatite particles in the nanometer range; however, these particles suffer from extensive aggregation and heterogeneity, mainly in size, shape and surface charge, which render them inappropriate for gene-therapy application. There is thus a pertinent need to develop a method capable of fabricating homogenous and monodispersed hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in a rapid, efficient and cost-effective manner that can be easily upscaled. Cell transfection is impeded by several physical and biological barriers, with the vector's properties highly determinant of its ability to overcome these barriers. Fine-tuning hydroxyapatite nanoparticles' morphological and physicochemical properties, achievable through precise regulation of the reaction environment, can enhance transfection efficiencies of particles, in turn, generating safe and effective gene vectors.
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Bose S, Tarafder S. Calcium phosphate ceramic systems in growth factor and drug delivery for bone tissue engineering: a review. Acta Biomater 2012; 8:1401-21. [PMID: 22127225 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2011.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 474] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2011] [Revised: 11/04/2011] [Accepted: 11/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Calcium phosphates (CaPs) are the most widely used bone substitutes in bone tissue engineering due to their compositional similarities to bone mineral and excellent biocompatibility. In recent years, CaPs, especially hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate, have attracted significant interest in simultaneous use as bone substitute and drug delivery vehicle, adding a new dimension to their application. CaPs are more biocompatible than many other ceramic and inorganic nanoparticles. Their biocompatibility and variable stoichiometry, thus surface charge density, functionality, and dissolution properties, make them suitable for both drug and growth factor delivery. CaP matrices and scaffolds have been reported to act as delivery vehicles for growth factors and drugs in bone tissue engineering. Local drug delivery in musculoskeletal disorder treatments can address some of the critical issues more effectively and efficiently than the systemic delivery. CaPs are used as coatings on metallic implants, CaP cements, and custom designed scaffolds to treat musculoskeletal disorders. This review highlights some of the current drug and growth factor delivery approaches and critical issues using CaP particles, coatings, cements, and scaffolds towards orthopedic and dental applications.
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A new tool for the transfection of corneal endothelial cells: calcium phosphate nanoparticles. Acta Biomater 2012; 8:1156-63. [PMID: 21982848 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2011.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2011] [Revised: 09/05/2011] [Accepted: 09/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate nanoparticles (CaP-NP) are ideal tools for transfection due to their high biocompatibility and easy biodegradability. After transfection these particles dissociate into calcium and phosphate ions, i.e. physiological components found in every cell, and it has been shown that the small increase in intracellular calcium level does not affect cell viability. CaP-NP functionalized with pcDNA3-EGFP (CaP/DNA/CaP/DNA) and stabilized using different amounts of poly(ethylenimine) (PEI) were prepared. Polyfect®-pcDNA3-EGFP polyplexes served as a positive control. The transfection of human and murine corneal endothelial cells (suspensions and donor tissue) was optimized by varying the concentration of CaP-NP and the duration of transfection. The transfection efficiency was determined as EGFP expression detected by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. To evaluate the toxicity of the system the cell viability was detected by TUNEL staining. Coating with PEI significantly increased the transfection efficiency of CaP-NP but decreased cell viability, due to the cytotoxic nature of PEI. The aim of this study was to develop CaP-NP with the highest possible transfection efficiency accompanied by the least apoptosis in corneal endothelial cells. EGFP expression in the tissues remained stable as corneal endothelial cells exhibit minimal proliferative capacity and very low apoptosis after transfection with CaP-NP. In summary, CaP-NP are suitable tools for the transfection of corneal endothelial cells. As CaP-NP induce little apoptosis these nanoparticles offer a safe alternative to viral transfection agents.
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Cao X, Deng W, Wei Y, Su W, Yang Y, Wei Y, Yu J, Xu X. Encapsulation of plasmid DNA in calcium phosphate nanoparticles: stem cell uptake and gene transfer efficiency. Int J Nanomedicine 2011; 6:3335-49. [PMID: 22229000 PMCID: PMC3252680 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s27370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to develop calcium phosphate nanocomposite particles encapsulating plasmid DNA (CP-pDNA) nanoparticles as a nonviral vector for gene delivery. Methods CP-pDNA nanoparticles employing plasmid transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) were prepared and characterized. The transfection efficiency and cell viability of the CP-pDNA nanoparticles were evaluated in mesenchymal stem cells, which were identified by immunofluorescence staining. Cytotoxicity of plasmid TGF-β1 and calcium phosphate to mesenchymal stem cells were evaluated by MTT assay. Results The integrity of TGF-β1 encapsulated in the CP-pDNA nanoparticles was maintained. The well dispersed CP-pDNA nanoparticles exhibited an ultralow particle size (20–50 nm) and significantly lower cytotoxicity than Lipofectamine™ 2000. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that the cultured cells in this study were probably mesenchymal stem cells. The cellular uptake and transfection efficiency of the CP-pDNA nanoparticles into the mesenchymal stem cells were higher than that of needle-like calcium phosphate nanoparticles and a standard calcium phosphate transfection kit. Furthermore, live cell imaging and confocal laser microscopy vividly showed the transportation process of the CP-pDNA nanoparticles in mesenchymal stem cells. The results of a cytotoxicity assay found that both plasmid TGF-β1 and calcium phosphate were not toxic to mesenchymal stem cells. Conclusion CP-pDNA nanoparticles can be developed into an effective alternative as a nonviral gene delivery system that is highly efficient and has low cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, and Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
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Liu T, Ye L, He Y, Chen X, Peng J, Zhang X, Yi H, Peng F, Leng A. Combination gene therapy using VEGF-shRNA and fusion suicide gene yCDglyTK inhibits gastric carcinoma growth. Exp Mol Pathol 2011; 91:745-52. [PMID: 21840308 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2011.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2011] [Accepted: 07/29/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Clinical trials of suicide gene therapy have achieved limited success, which suggests a need for improvement. Angiogenesis plays a crucial role in the progression of cancers, which is greatly regulated by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).The current study was designed to evaluate the anti-tumor effects of VEGF siRNA in combination with fusion suicide gene yCDglyTK. Introduction of a VEGF-targeted small hairpin RNA (shVEGF) to CDTK/5-FC system could induce cell apoptosis more effectively and decrease micro vessel density in xenograft tissue, thus resulted in a significant tumor growth delay in SGC7901 xenografts. These findings for the first time suggest the potential of combination gene therapy using suicide gene therapy and anti-angiogenesis gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410008, China
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Lopez-Heredia MA, Bernard Kamphuis G, Thüne PC, Cumhur Öner F, Jansen JA, Frank Walboomers X. An injectable calcium phosphate cement for the local delivery of paclitaxel to bone. Biomaterials 2011; 32:5411-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2011] [Accepted: 04/05/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Nanoparticle-delivered VEGF-silencing cassette and suicide gene expression cassettes inhibit colon carcinoma growth in vitro and in vivo. Tumour Biol 2011; 32:1103-11. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-011-0210-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2011] [Accepted: 06/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Liu Y, Wang T, He F, Liu Q, Zhang D, Xiang S, Su S, Zhang J. An efficient calcium phosphate nanoparticle-based nonviral vector for gene delivery. Int J Nanomedicine 2011; 6:721-7. [PMID: 21556346 PMCID: PMC3084318 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s17096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2011] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Smaller nanoparticles facilitate the delivery of DNA into cells through endocytosis and improve transfection efficiency. The aim of this study was to determine whether protamine sulfate-coated calcium phosphate (PS-CaP) could stabilize particle size and enhance transfection efficiency. Methods: pEGFP-C1 green fluorescence protein was employed as an indicator of transfection efficiency. Atomic force microscopy was used to evaluate the morphology and the size of the particles, and an MTT assay was introduced to detect cell viability and inhibition. The classical calcium phosphate method was used as the control. Results: Atomic force microscopy images showed that the PS-CaP were much smaller than classical calcium phosphate particles. In 293 FT, HEK 293, and NIH 3T3 cells, the transfection efficiency of PS-CaP was higher than for the classical calcium phosphate particles. The difference in efficiencies implies that the smaller nanoparticles may promote the delivery of DNA into cells through endocytosis and could improve transfection efficiency. In addition, PS-CaP could be used to transfect HEK 293 cells after one week of storage at 4°C with a lesser extent of efficiency loss compared with classical calcium phosphate, indicating that protamine sulfate may increase the stability of calcium phosphate nanoparticles. The cell viability inhibition assay indicated that both nanoparticles show similar low cell toxicity. Conclusion: PS-CaP can be used as a better nonviral transfection vector compared with classical calcium phosphate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yachun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology, Ministry of Education of China, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Pinto OA, Tabaković A, Goff TM, Liu Y, Adair JH. Calcium Phosphate and Calcium Phosphosilicate Mediated Drug Delivery and Imaging. INTRACELLULAR DELIVERY 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-1248-5_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Roveri N, Iafisco M. Evolving application of biomimetic nanostructured hydroxyapatite. Nanotechnol Sci Appl 2010; 3:107-25. [PMID: 24198477 PMCID: PMC3781698 DOI: 10.2147/nsa.s9038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
By mimicking Nature, we can design and synthesize inorganic smart materials that are reactive to biological tissues. These smart materials can be utilized to design innovative third-generation biomaterials, which are able to not only optimize their interaction with biological tissues and environment, but also mimic biogenic materials in their functionalities. The biomedical applications involve increasing the biomimetic levels from chemical composition, structural organization, morphology, mechanical behavior, nanostructure, and bulk and surface chemical-physical properties until the surface becomes bioreactive and stimulates cellular materials. The chemical-physical characteristics of biogenic hydroxyapatites from bone and tooth have been described, in order to point out the elective sides, which are important to reproduce the design of a new biomimetic synthetic hydroxyapatite. This review outlines the evolving applications of biomimetic synthetic calcium phosphates, details the main characteristics of bone and tooth, where the calcium phosphates are present, and discusses the chemical-physical characteristics of biomimetic calcium phosphates, methods of synthesizing them, and some of their biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norberto Roveri
- Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Structural Chemistry (LEBSC), Dipartimento di Chimica ‘G. Ciamician’, Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michele Iafisco
- Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Structural Chemistry (LEBSC), Dipartimento di Chimica ‘G. Ciamician’, Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Dorozhkin SV. Nanosized and nanocrystalline calcium orthophosphates. Acta Biomater 2010; 6:715-34. [PMID: 19861183 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2009.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2009] [Revised: 10/13/2009] [Accepted: 10/20/2009] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Recent developments in biomineralization have already demonstrated that nanosized crystals and particles play an important role in the formation of hard tissues of animals. Namely, it is well established that the basic inorganic building blocks of bones and teeth of mammals are nanosized and nanocrystalline calcium orthophosphates in the form of apatites. In mammals, tens to hundreds nanocrystals of a biological apatite have been found to be combined into self-assembled structures under the control of bioorganic matrixes. Therefore, application and prospective use of the nanosized and nanocrystalline calcium orthophosphates for a clinical repair of damaged bones and teeth are also well known. For example, greater viability and better proliferation of various types of cells have been detected on smaller crystals of calcium orthophosphates. Thus, the nanosized and nanocrystalline forms of calcium orthophosphates have great potential to revolutionize the hard tissue-engineering field, starting from bone repair and augmentation to controlled drug delivery systems. This paper reviews the current state of art and recent developments of various nanosized and nanocrystalline calcium orthophosphates, starting from synthesis and characterization to biomedical and clinical applications. The review also provides possible directions for future research and development.
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Epple M, Ganesan K, Heumann R, Klesing J, Kovtun A, Neumann S, Sokolova V. Application of calcium phosphatenanoparticles in biomedicine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/b910885h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 263] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Keeney M, van den Beucken JJJP, van der Kraan PM, Jansen JA, Pandit A. The ability of a collagen/calcium phosphate scaffold to act as its own vector for gene delivery and to promote bone formation via transfection with VEGF(165). Biomaterials 2009; 31:2893-902. [PMID: 20044134 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2009.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2009] [Accepted: 12/14/2009] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Collagen/calcium phosphate scaffolds have been used for bone reconstruction due to their inherent similarities to the bone extracellular matrix. Calcium phosphate alone has also been used as a non-viral vector for gene delivery. The aim of this study was to determine the capability of a collagen/calcium phosphate scaffold to deliver naked plasmid DNA and mediate transfection in vivo. The second goal of the study was to deliver a plasmid encoding vascular endothelial growth factor(165) (pVEGF(165)) to promote angiogenesis, and hence bone formation, in a mouse intra-femoral model. The delivery of naked plasmid DNA resulted in a 7.6-fold increase in mRNA levels of beta-Galactosidase compared to the delivery of plasmid DNA complexed with a partially degraded PAMAM dendrimer (dPAMAM) in a subcutaneous murine model. When implanted in a muirne intra-femoral model, the delivery of pVEGF(165) resulted in a 2-fold increase in bone volume at the defect site relative to control scaffolds without pVEGF(165). It was concluded that a collagen/calcium phosphate scaffold can mediate transfection without the use of additional transfection vectors and can promote bone formation in a mouse model via the delivery of pVEGF(165).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Keeney
- Network of Excellence for Functional Biomaterials, National University of Ireland Galway, NFB Building, IDA Business Park, Newcastle Road, Dangan, Ireland
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38
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Nanodimensional and Nanocrystalline Apatites and Other Calcium Orthophosphates in Biomedical Engineering, Biology and Medicine. MATERIALS 2009. [PMCID: PMC5513572 DOI: 10.3390/ma2041975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recent developments in biomineralization have already demonstrated that nanosized particles play an important role in the formation of hard tissues of animals. Namely, the basic inorganic building blocks of bones and teeth of mammals are nanodimensional and nanocrystalline calcium orthophosphates (in the form of apatites) of a biological origin. In mammals, tens to hundreds nanocrystals of a biological apatite were found to be combined into self-assembled structures under the control of various bioorganic matrixes. In addition, the structures of both dental enamel and bones could be mimicked by an oriented aggregation of nanosized calcium orthophosphates, determined by the biomolecules. The application and prospective use of nanodimensional and nanocrystalline calcium orthophosphates for a clinical repair of damaged bones and teeth are also known. For example, a greater viability and a better proliferation of various types of cells were detected on smaller crystals of calcium orthophosphates. Thus, the nanodimensional and nanocrystalline forms of calcium orthophosphates have a great potential to revolutionize the field of hard tissue engineering starting from bone repair and augmentation to the controlled drug delivery devices. This paper reviews current state of knowledge and recent developments of this subject starting from the synthesis and characterization to biomedical and clinical applications. More to the point, this review provides possible directions of future research and development.
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39
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Li J, Chen YC, Tseng YC, Mozumdar S, Huang L. Biodegradable calcium phosphate nanoparticle with lipid coating for systemic siRNA delivery. J Control Release 2009; 142:416-21. [PMID: 19919845 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2009.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 338] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2009] [Revised: 10/22/2009] [Accepted: 11/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A lipid coated calcium phosphate (LCP) nanoparticle (NP) formulation was developed for efficient delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) to a xenograft tumor model by intravenous administration. Based on the previous formulation, liposome-polycation-DNA (LPD), which was a DNA-protamine complex wrapped by cationic liposome followed by post-insertion of PEG, LCP was similar to LPD NP except that the core was replaced by a biodegradable nano-sized calcium phosphate precipitate prepared by using water-in-oil micro-emulsions in which siRNA was entrapped. We hypothesized that after entering the cells, LCP would de-assemble at low pH in the endosome, which would cause endosome swelling and bursting to release the entrapped siRNA. Such a mechanism was demonstrated by the increase of intracellular Ca(2+) concentration as shown by using a calcium specific dye Fura-2. The LCP NP was further modified by post-insertion of polyethylene glycol (PEG) with or without anisamide, a sigma-1 receptor ligand for systemic administration. Luciferase siRNA was used to evaluate the gene silencing effect in H-460 cells which were stably transduced with a luciferase gene. The anisamide modified LCP NP silenced about 70% and 50% of luciferase activity for the tumor cells in culture and those grown in a xenograft model, respectively. The untargeted NP showed a very low silencing effect. The new formulation improved the in vitro silencing effect 3-4 folds compared to the previous LPD formulation, but had a negligible immunotoxicity.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Calcium/metabolism
- Calcium Phosphates/chemistry
- Calcium Phosphates/toxicity
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Coated Materials, Biocompatible/chemistry
- Coated Materials, Biocompatible/toxicity
- Cytokines/immunology
- Drug Carriers/chemistry
- Drug Carriers/toxicity
- Drug Compounding
- Female
- Gene Silencing/drug effects
- Injections, Intravenous
- Lipids/chemistry
- Lipids/toxicity
- Luciferases/genetics
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Nanoparticles/chemistry
- Nanoparticles/toxicity
- Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Polyethylene Glycols/chemistry
- Polyethylene Glycols/toxicity
- RNA, Small Interfering/administration & dosage
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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40
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Nune SK, Gunda P, Thallapally PK, Lin YY, Forrest ML, Berkland CJ. Nanoparticles for biomedical imaging. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2009; 6:1175-94. [PMID: 19743894 PMCID: PMC3097035 DOI: 10.1517/17425240903229031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synthetic nanoparticles are emerging as versatile tools in biomedical applications, particularly in the area of biomedical imaging. Nanoparticles 1 - 100 nm in diameter have dimensions comparable to biological functional units. Diverse surface chemistries, unique magnetic properties, tunable absorption and emission properties, and recent advances in the synthesis and engineering of various nanoparticles suggest their potential as probes for early detection of diseases such as cancer. Surface functionalization has expanded further the potential of nanoparticles as probes for molecular imaging. OBJECTIVE To summarize emerging research of nanoparticles for biomedical imaging with increased selectivity and reduced nonspecific uptake with increased spatial resolution containing stabilizers conjugated with targeting ligands. METHODS This review summarizes recent technological advances in the synthesis of various nanoparticle probes, and surveys methods to improve the targeting of nanoparticles for their application in biomedical imaging. CONCLUSION Structural design of nanomaterials for biomedical imaging continues to expand and diversify. Synthetic methods have aimed to control the size and surface characteristics of nanoparticles to control distribution, half-life and elimination. Although molecular imaging applications using nanoparticles are advancing into clinical applications, challenges such as storage stability and long-term toxicology should continue to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish K Nune
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, PO Box 999, MSIN K6-81, Richland, WA 99352, USA.
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41
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Zhang G, Liu T, Chen YH, Chen Y, Xu M, Peng J, Yu S, Yuan J, Zhang X. Tissue specific cytotoxicity of colon cancer cells mediated by nanoparticle-delivered suicide gene in vitro and in vivo. Clin Cancer Res 2009; 15:201-7. [PMID: 19118047 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-08-1094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to develop an efficient and safe strategy to introduce suicide genes into colon cancer cells. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN In this study, we fused an enhanced carcinoembryonic antigen promoter (CEA) to a suicide gene, cytosine deaminase (CD). This construct was delivered into colon cancer cells using calcium phosphate nanoparticles (CPNP). The cells were then treated with the prodrug 5-FC. The therapeutic effect was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS Our study showed that the CEA promoter-driven, CPNP-delivered suicide gene was only expressed in CEA-positive colon cancer cells, and resulted in significant cytotoxicity after administration of the prodrug 5-FC in vitro. Moreover, our in vivo study showed that CPNP-mediated CEA-CD delivery, together with 5-FC treatment, resulted in significant tumor growth delay in xenograft human colon carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that the combination of CPNP and CEA-CD gene expression represents a novel approach for CEA-positive tumor gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiying Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Province, P.R. China.
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He XW, Liu T, Xiao Y, Feng YL, Cheng DJ, Tingting G, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Chen YX, Tingting G, Zhang L. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-C siRNA Delivered via Calcium Carbonate Nanoparticle Effectively Inhibits Lymphangiogenesis and Growth of Colorectal Cancer In Vivo. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2009; 24:249-59. [PMID: 19409048 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2008.0515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wen He
- Department of General Surgery, Shaoxing First People's Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiang Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Xiao
- Department of General Surgery, Shaoxing First People's Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Ya-Ling Feng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Xiang Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dao-Jin Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, Shaoxing First People's Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Guo Tingting
- School of Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shaoxing First People's Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Yu-Xiang Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guo Tingting
- School of Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Schmidt SM, Moran KA, Tweed Kent AM, Slosar JL, Webber MJ, McCready MJ, Deering C, Veranth JM, Ostafin A. Uptake of calcium phosphate nanoshells by osteoblasts and their effect on growth and differentiation. J Biomed Mater Res A 2008; 87:418-28. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.31761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Morille M, Passirani C, Vonarbourg A, Clavreul A, Benoit JP. Progress in developing cationic vectors for non-viral systemic gene therapy against cancer. Biomaterials 2008; 29:3477-96. [PMID: 18499247 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 588] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2008] [Accepted: 04/23/2008] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Initially, gene therapy was viewed as an approach for treating hereditary diseases, but its potential role in the treatment of acquired diseases such as cancer is now widely recognized. The understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in cancer and the development of nucleic acid delivery systems are two concepts that have led to this development. Systemic gene delivery systems are needed for therapeutic application to cells inaccessible by percutaneous injection and for multi-located tumor sites, i.e. metastases. Non-viral vectors based on the use of cationic lipids or polymers appear to have promising potential, given the problems of safety encountered with viral vectors. Using these non-viral vectors, the current challenge is to obtain a similarly effective transfection to viral ones. Based on the advantages and disadvantages of existing vectors and on the hurdles encountered with these carriers, the aim of this review is to describe the "perfect vector" for systemic gene therapy against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Morille
- Inserm U646, Ingénierie de la Vectorisation Particulaire, Université d'Angers, 10, rue André Boquel, 49100 Angers, France
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Sokolova V, Epple M. Inorganic nanoparticles as carriers of nucleic acids into cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:1382-95. [PMID: 18098258 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200703039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 392] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The transfer of nucleic acids (DNA or RNA) into living cells, that is, transfection, is a major technique in current biochemistry and molecular biology. This process permits the selective introduction of genetic material for protein synthesis as well as the selective inhibition of protein synthesis (antisense or gene silencing). As nucleic acids alone are not able to penetrate the cell wall, efficient carriers are needed. Besides viral, polymeric, and liposomal agents, inorganic nanoparticles are especially suitable for this purpose because they can be prepared and surface-functionalized in many different ways. Herein, the current state of the art is discussed from a chemical viewpoint. Advantages and disadvantages of the available methods are compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoriya Sokolova
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5-7, 45117 Essen, Germany
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Sokolova V, Epple M. Anorganische Nanopartikel zum Transport von Nucleinsäuren in Zellen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200703039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Calcium carbonate nanoparticle delivering vascular endothelial growth factor-C siRNA effectively inhibits lymphangiogenesis and growth of gastric cancer in vivo. Cancer Gene Ther 2008; 15:193-202. [PMID: 18202713 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cgt.7701122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A nonviral gene carrier, calcium carbonate (CaCO3) nanoparticle, was evaluated for efficient in vitro and in vivo delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C). The chemically synthesized CaCO3 nanoparticle has a 58 nm diameter and +28.6 mV positive surface charge. It is capable of forming a CaCO3 nanoparticle-DNA complex and transferring DNA into targeted cells with high transfection efficiency while effectively protecting the encapsulated DNA from degradation. Furthermore, the CaCO3 nanoparticle-DNA complex has no obvious cytotoxicity for SGC-7901 cells, while a liposome-DNA complex exhibited measurable cytotoxicity. SGC-7901 cells transfected with a VEGF-C-targeted siRNA via CaCO3 nanoparticle exhibit significantly reduced VEGF-C expression as measured by real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; whereas no decrease in VEGF-C expression is observed in cells treated by control transfection. Transfection of SGC-7901 cells with VEGF-C siRNA via CaCO3 nanoparticle also dramatically suppresses tumor lymphangiogenesis, tumor growth and regional lymph-node metastasis in subcutaneous xenografts. Significant downregulation of VEGF-C messenger RNA expression in a subcutaneous xenograft derived from VEGF-C siRNA-treated SGC-7901 cells was confirmed by real-time PCR as compared to controls. We conclude that CaCO3 nanoparticle is a novel and nonviral system for effective delivery of siRNA for cancer gene therapy.
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Abstract
Gene therapy is a promising therapeutic strategy to combat genetic or acquired diseases at their root cause rather than just treating symptoms. It is well recognised that there is an urgent need for non-toxic and efficient gene delivery vectors to fully exploit the current potential of gene therapy in molecular medicine. Cell-specific targeting of bioactive nucleotides is a prerequisite to attain the concentration of nucleic acids required for therapeutic efficacy in the target tissue. Many metal ions such as Mg2+, Mn2+, Ba2+ and, most importantly, Ca2+ have been demonstrated to have significant roles in gene delivery. These inorganic cations show low toxicity, good biocompatibility and promise for controlled delivery properties, thus presenting a new alternative to toxic and immunogenic carriers. Recently, inorganic nanoparticles alone, or in combination with a colloidal particulate system such as nanoliposome, an advanced approach to gene delivery, were found to exert a positive effect on gene transfer. In this report, the role of the divalent cations in nucleic acid delivery, particularly with respect to the potential improvement of transfection efficiency of nanolipoplexes, is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Reza Mozafari
- Riddet Centre, Private Bag 11-222, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Chen J, Zhang B, Pan Y, Ren L, Zhao J, Luo Y, Zhai D, Wang S, Wang J. Polybutylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles as novel vectors in cancer gene therapy. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2007; 3:144-53. [PMID: 17468053 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2007.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2006] [Revised: 01/06/2007] [Accepted: 01/27/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
To make progress toward an efficient gene vector for cancer gene therapy, a novel nonviral vector of polybutylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles (PBCA NPs) was developed. Cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) was used to modify the surface of PBCA NPs, and then the plasmid DNA (pDNA) of pAFP-TK was wrapped into PBCA-CTAB NPs. Atomic force microscopy and zeta potential demonstrated that PBCA-CTAB NPs were 80-200 nm in diameter and had +15.6 mV positive surface charges. Assay using 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide showed that PBCA-CTAB NPs had less cytotoxicity to 3T3 cells than HepG2 cells. The analysis of PBCA-CTAB-DNA complexes could not only protect DNA from degradation by DNase I, it could also transfer pDNA into targeted cells with high transfection efficiency. Furthermore, when PBCA-CTAB NPs combined with suicide gene pAFP-TK, alpha-fetoprotein-positive cells transfected by it were highly sensitive to ganciclovir treatment, and cell survival declined precipitously. Therefore, this target strategy using a pAFP-TK/GCV suicide gene therapy system in which PBCA-CTAB NPs serve as gene delivery vectors explores a promising area for alpha-fetoprotein-positive hepatocellular carcinoma and associated carcinoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangde Zhang
- National Hepatobiliary and Enteric Surgery Research Center, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Gourbatsi E, Al-Fageeh MB, Marchant RJ, Scott SJ, Underhill MF, Smales CM. Noncovalently linked nuclear localization peptides for enhanced calcium phosphate transfection. Mol Biotechnol 2007; 33:1-11. [PMID: 16691001 DOI: 10.1385/mb:33:1:1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/1999] [Revised: 11/30/1999] [Accepted: 11/30/1999] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The generation of cell lines stably expressing recombinant material is a lengthy process and there has thus been much interest in the use of transient expression systems to rapidly produce recombinant material. To achieve this, the DNA of interest must be delivered into the nucleus of the target cell. The mechanisms by which this process occurs are poorly understood and the efficiency of various methods differs widely. Recently, nuclear localization signals (NLSs) have been investigated to target entry of DNA into the nucleus of mammalian cells. We have used NLSs from the SV40 and Tat antigens mixed with our model luciferase reporter gene plasmid for the transfection of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells using calcium phosphate and FuGENE 6 transfection technology. The noncovalent complexation of NLSs with plasmid DNA before calcium phosphate-mediated transfection resulted in enhanced reporter gene expression with increasing ratios of NLS to plasmid until reaching a maximum. At higher ratios than maximum expression, the expression levels decreased. On the other hand, when using FuGENE 6 reagent NLSs did not enhance reporter gene expression. Cell cycle arrest in G(2)/M phase obliterated the effect of the NLS on reporter gene expression when using the calcium phosphate transfection method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evdoxia Gourbatsi
- Protein Science Group, Department of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NJ, UK
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