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Amirrashedi M, Jensen AI, Tang Q, Straathof NJW, Ravn K, Pedersen CG, Langhorn L, Poulsen FR, Woolley M, Johnson D, Williams J, Kidd C, Thisgaard H, Halle B. The Influence of Size on the Intracranial Distribution of Biomedical Nanoparticles Administered by Convection-enhanced Delivery in Minipigs. ACS NANO 2024; 18:17869-17881. [PMID: 38925630 PMCID: PMC11238734 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c04159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Because of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), successful drug delivery to the brain has long been a key objective for the medical community, calling for pioneering technologies to overcome this challenge. Convection-enhanced delivery (CED), a form of direct intraparenchymal microinfusion, shows promise but requires optimal infusate design and real-time distribution monitoring. The size of the infused substances appears to be especially critical, with current knowledge being limited. Herein, we examined the intracranial administration of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-coated nanoparticles (NPs) of various sizes using CED in groups of healthy minipigs (n = 3). We employed stealth liposomes (LIPs, 130 nm) and two gold nanoparticle designs (AuNPs) of different diameters (8 and 40 nm). All were labeled with copper-64 for quantitative and real-time monitoring of the infusion via positron emission tomography (PET). NPs were infused via two catheters inserted bilaterally in the putaminal regions of the animals. Our results suggest CED with NPs holds promise for precise brain drug delivery, with larger LIPs exhibiting superior distribution volumes and intracranial retention over smaller AuNPs. PET imaging alongside CED enabled dynamic visualization of the process, target coverage, timely detection of suboptimal infusion, and quantification of distribution volumes and concentration gradients. These findings may augment the therapeutic efficacy of the delivery procedure while mitigating unwarranted side effects associated with nonvisually monitored delivery approaches. This is of vital importance, especially for chronic intermittent infusions through implanted catheters, as this information enables informed decisions for modulating targeted infusion volumes on a catheter-by-catheter, patient-by-patient basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Amirrashedi
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense 5000, Denmark
- Department
of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby 2800, Denmark
- Danish
Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and
Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen
University Hospital Amager and Hvidovre, Copenhagen 2650, Denmark
| | - Andreas Ingemann Jensen
- The
Hevesy Laboratory, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Roskilde 4000, Denmark
| | - Qing Tang
- The
Hevesy Laboratory, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Roskilde 4000, Denmark
| | | | - Katharina Ravn
- The
Hevesy Laboratory, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Roskilde 4000, Denmark
| | | | - Louise Langhorn
- Biomedical
Laboratory, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5000, Denmark
| | - Frantz Rom Poulsen
- Department
of Clinical Research and BRIDGE (Brain Research - Interdisciplinary
Guided Excellence), University of Southern
Denmark, Odense 5230, Denmark
- Department
of Neurosurgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense 5000, Denmark
| | - Max Woolley
- Renishaw
Neuro Solutions Ltd (RNS), Gloucestershire GL12 8SP, United Kingdom
| | - David Johnson
- Renishaw
Neuro Solutions Ltd (RNS), Gloucestershire GL12 8SP, United Kingdom
| | - Julia Williams
- Renishaw
Neuro Solutions Ltd (RNS), Gloucestershire GL12 8SP, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte Kidd
- Renishaw
Neuro Solutions Ltd (RNS), Gloucestershire GL12 8SP, United Kingdom
| | - Helge Thisgaard
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense 5000, Denmark
- Department
of Clinical Research and BRIDGE (Brain Research - Interdisciplinary
Guided Excellence), University of Southern
Denmark, Odense 5230, Denmark
| | - Bo Halle
- Department
of Clinical Research and BRIDGE (Brain Research - Interdisciplinary
Guided Excellence), University of Southern
Denmark, Odense 5230, Denmark
- Department
of Neurosurgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense 5000, Denmark
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Baniasadi A, Das JP, Prendergast CM, Beizavi Z, Ma HY, Jaber MY, Capaccione KM. Imaging at the nexus: how state of the art imaging techniques can enhance our understanding of cancer and fibrosis. J Transl Med 2024; 22:567. [PMID: 38872212 PMCID: PMC11177383 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05379-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Both cancer and fibrosis are diseases involving dysregulation of cell signaling pathways resulting in an altered cellular microenvironment which ultimately leads to progression of the condition. The two disease entities share common molecular pathophysiology and recent research has illuminated the how each promotes the other. Multiple imaging techniques have been developed to aid in the early and accurate diagnosis of each disease, and given the commonalities between the pathophysiology of the conditions, advances in imaging one disease have opened new avenues to study the other. Here, we detail the most up-to-date advances in imaging techniques for each disease and how they have crossed over to improve detection and monitoring of the other. We explore techniques in positron emission tomography (PET), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), second generation harmonic Imaging (SGHI), ultrasound (US), radiomics, and artificial intelligence (AI). A new diagnostic imaging tool in PET/computed tomography (CT) is the use of radiolabeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI). SGHI uses high-frequency sound waves to penetrate deeper into the tissue, providing a more detailed view of the tumor microenvironment. Artificial intelligence with the aid of advanced deep learning (DL) algorithms has been highly effective in training computer systems to diagnose and classify neoplastic lesions in multiple organs. Ultimately, advancing imaging techniques in cancer and fibrosis can lead to significantly more timely and accurate diagnoses of both diseases resulting in better patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Baniasadi
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 W 168Th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Jeeban P Das
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Conor M Prendergast
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 W 168Th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Zahra Beizavi
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 W 168Th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Hong Y Ma
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 W 168Th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | | | - Kathleen M Capaccione
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 W 168Th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
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3
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Monsef A, Sheikhzadeh P, Steiner JR, Sadeghi F, Yazdani M, Ghafarian P. Optimizing scan time and bayesian penalized likelihood reconstruction algorithm in copper-64 PET/CT imaging: a phantom study. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2024; 10:045019. [PMID: 38608316 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/ad3e00] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate Cu-64 PET phantom image quality using Bayesian Penalized Likelihood (BPL) and Ordered Subset Expectation Maximum with point-spread function modeling (OSEM-PSF) reconstruction algorithms. In the BPL, the regularization parameterβwas varied to identify the optimum value for image quality. In the OSEM-PSF, the effect of acquisition time was evaluated to assess the feasibility of shortened scan duration.Methods: A NEMA IEC PET body phantom was filled with known activities of water soluble Cu-64. The phantom was imaged on a PET/CT scanner and was reconstructed using BPL and OSEM-PSF algorithms. For the BPL reconstruction, variousβvalues (150, 250, 350, 450, and 550) were evaluated. For the OSEM-PSF algorithm, reconstructions were performed using list-mode data intervals ranging from 7.5 to 240 s. Image quality was assessed by evaluating the signal to noise ratio (SNR), contrast to noise ratio (CNR), and background variability (BV).Results: The SNR and CNR were higher in images reconstructed with BPL compared to OSEM-PSF. Both the SNR and CNR increased with increasingβ, peaking atβ= 550. The CNR for allβ, sphere sizes and tumor-to-background ratios (TBRs) satisfied the Rose criterion for image detectability (CNR > 5). BPL reconstructed images withβ= 550 demonstrated the highest improvement in image quality. For OSEM-PSF reconstructed images with list-mode data duration ≥ 120 s, the noise level and CNR were not significantly different from the baseline 240 s list-mode data duration.Conclusions: BPL reconstruction improved Cu-64 PET phantom image quality by increasing SNR and CNR relative to OSEM-PSF reconstruction. Additionally, this study demonstrated scan time can be reduced from 240 to 120 s when using OSEM-PSF reconstruction while maintaining similar image quality. This study provides baseline data that may guide future studies aimed to improve clinical Cu-64 imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Monsef
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, United States of America
| | - Peyman Sheikhzadeh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Joseph R Steiner
- Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, United States of America
| | - Fatemeh Sadeghi
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Pardis Ghafarian
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- PET/CT and Cyclotron Center, Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Delaney S, Grimaldi C, Houghton JL, Zeglis BM. MIB Guides: Measuring the Immunoreactivity of Radioimmunoconjugates. Mol Imaging Biol 2024; 26:213-221. [PMID: 38446323 PMCID: PMC10973015 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-024-01898-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Immunoglobulins, both full-length antibodies and smaller antibody fragments, have long been regarded as effective platforms for diagnostic and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals. The construction of radiolabeled immunoglobulins (i.e., radioimmunoconjugates) requires the manipulation of the biomolecule through the attachment of a radiohalogen or the bioconjugation of a chelator that is subsequently used to coordinate a radiometal. Both synthetic approaches have historically relied upon the stochastic modification of amino acids within the immunoglobulin, a process which poses a risk to the structural and functional integrity of the biomolecule itself. Not surprisingly, radioimmunoconjugates with impaired antigen binding capacity will inevitably exhibit suboptimal in vivo performance. As a result, the biological characterization of any newly synthesized radioimmunoconjugate must include an assessment of whether it has retained its ability to bind its antigen. Herein, we provide straightforward and concise protocols for three assays that can be used to determine the immunoreactivity of a radioimmunoconjugate: (1) a cell-based linear extrapolation assay; (2) a cell-based antigen saturation assay; and (3) a resin- or bead-based assay. In addition, we will provide a critical analysis of the relative merits of each assay, an examination of the inherent limitations of immunoreactivity assays in general, and a discussion of other approaches that may be used to interrogate the biological behavior of radioimmunoconjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Delaney
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
- Program in Biochemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Camilla Grimaldi
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
- Program in Biochemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jacob L Houghton
- Department of Radiology, State University of New York at Stony Brook, 101 Nicolls Road, Health Sciences Center Level 4, Stony Brook, New York, NY, 11794, USA.
| | - Brian M Zeglis
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
- Program in Biochemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, 413 East 69th Street, New York, NY, 10021, USA.
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5
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Malih S, Lin W, Tang Z, DeLuca MC, Engle JW, Alirezapour B, Cai W, Rasaee MJ. Noninvasive PET imaging of tumor PD-L1 expression with 64Cu-labeled Durvalumab. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING 2024; 14:31-40. [PMID: 38500749 PMCID: PMC10944374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BrCa) ranks as the most prevalent malignant neoplasm affecting women worldwide. The expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in BrCa has recently emerged as a biomarker for immunotherapy response, but traditional immunohistochemistry (IHC)-based methods are hindered by spatial and temporal heterogeneity. Noninvasive and quantitative PD-L1 imaging using appropriate radiotracers can serve to determine PD-L1 expression in tumors. This study aims to demonstrate the viability of PET imaging with 64Cu-labeled Durvalumab (abbreviated as Durva) to assess PD-L1 expression using a murine xenograft model of breast cancer. Durvalumab, a human IgG1 monoclonal antibody against PD-L1, was assessed for specificity in vitro in two cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer cell line and AsPC-1 pancreatic cancer cell line) with positive and negative PD-L1 expression by flow cytometry. Next, we performed the in vivo evaluation of 64Cu-NOTA-Durva in murine models of human breast cancer by PET imaging and ex vivo biodistribution. Additionally, mice bearing AsPC-1 tumors were employed as a negative control. Tumor uptake was quantified based on a 3D region-of-interest (ROI) analysis of the PET images and ex vivo biodistribution measurements, and the results were compared against conventional IHC testing. The radiotracer uptake was evident in MDA-MB-231 tumors and showed minimal nonspecific binding, corroborating IHC-derived results. The results of the biodistribution showed that the MDA-MB-231 tumor uptake of 64Cu-NOTA-Durva was much higher than 64Cu-NOTA-IgG (a nonspecific radiolabeled IgG). In Conclusion, 64Cu-labeled Durvalumab PET/CT imaging offers a promising, noninvasive approach to evaluate tumor PD-L1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Malih
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares UniversityTehran, Iran
| | - Wilson Lin
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI, USA
| | - Zhongmin Tang
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI, USA
| | - Molly C DeLuca
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI, USA
| | - Jonathan W Engle
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI, USA
| | - Behrouz Alirezapour
- Radiation Application Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute (NSTRI)Tehran, Iran
| | - Weibo Cai
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI, USA
| | - Mohammad J Rasaee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares UniversityTehran, Iran
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Trautwein NF, Schwenck J, Seitz C, Seith F, Calderón E, von Beschwitz S, Singer S, Reischl G, Handgretinger R, Schäfer J, Lang P, Pichler BJ, Schulte JH, la Fougère C, Dittmann H. A novel approach to guide GD2-targeted therapy in pediatric tumors by PET and [ 64Cu]Cu-NOTA-ch14.18/CHO. Theranostics 2024; 14:1212-1223. [PMID: 38323317 PMCID: PMC10845206 DOI: 10.7150/thno.92481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The tumor-associated disialoganglioside GD2 is a bona fide immunotherapy target in neuroblastoma and other childhood tumors, including Ewing sarcoma and osteosarcoma. GD2-targeting antibodies proved to be effective in neuroblastoma and GD2-targeting chimeric antigen receptors (CAR)- expressing T cells as well as natural killer T cells (NKTs) are emerging. However, assessment of intra- and intertumoral heterogeneity has been complicated by ineffective immunohistochemistry as well as sampling bias in disseminated disease. Therefore, a non-invasive approach for the assessment and visualization of GD2 expression in-vivo is of upmost interest and might enable a more appropriate treatment stratification. Methods: Recently, [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-ch14.18/CHO (64Cu-GD2), a radiolabeled GD2-antibody for imaging with Positron-Emission-Tomography (PET) was developed. We here report our first clinical patients' series (n = 11) in different pediatric tumors assessed with 64Cu-GD2 PET/MRI. GD2-expression in tumors and tissue uptake in organs was evaluated by semiquantitative measurements of standardized uptake values (SUV) with PET/MRI on day 1 p.i. (n = 11) as well as on day 2 p.i. (n = 6). Results: In 8 of 9 patients with suspicious tumor lesions on PET/MRI at least one metastasis showed an increased 64Cu-GD2 uptake and a high tracer uptake (SUVmax > 10) was measured in 4 of those 8 patients. Of note, sufficient image quality with high tumor to background contrast was readily achieved on day 1. In case of 64Cu-GD2-positive lesions, an excellent tumor to background ratio (at least 6:1) was observed in bones, muscles or lungs, while lower tumor to background contrast was seen in the spleen, liver and kidneys. Furthermore, we demonstrated extensive tumor heterogeneity between patients as well as among different metastatic sites in individual patients. Dosimetry assessment revealed a whole-body dose of only 0.03 mGy/MBq (range 0.02-0.04). Conclusion: 64Cu-GD2 PET/MRI enables the non-invasive assessment of individual heterogeneity of GD2 expression, which challenges our current clinical practice of patient selection, stratification and immunotherapy application scheme for treatment with anti-GD2 directed therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Florian Trautwein
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Clinical Molecular Imaging, University of Tübingen
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, University of Tübingen
| | - Johannes Schwenck
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Clinical Molecular Imaging, University of Tübingen
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, University of Tübingen
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", University of Tübingen
| | - Christian Seitz
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", University of Tübingen
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University of Tübingen
| | - Ferdinand Seith
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Tübingen
| | - Eduardo Calderón
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Clinical Molecular Imaging, University of Tübingen
| | | | - Stephan Singer
- Department of Pathology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gerald Reischl
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, University of Tübingen
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", University of Tübingen
| | | | - Jürgen Schäfer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Tübingen
| | - Peter Lang
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University of Tübingen
| | - Bernd J. Pichler
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, University of Tübingen
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", University of Tübingen
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Christian la Fougère
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Clinical Molecular Imaging, University of Tübingen
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", University of Tübingen
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Tübingen, Germany
| | - Helmut Dittmann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Clinical Molecular Imaging, University of Tübingen
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7
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Arroyo A, Lyashchenko SK, Lewis JS. Methods for the Production of Radiolabeled Bioagents for ImmunoPET. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2729:117-142. [PMID: 38006494 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3499-8_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin-based positron emission tomography (ImmunoPET) is making increasingly significant contributions to the nuclear imaging toolbox. The exquisite specificity of antibodies combined with the high-resolution imaging of PET enables clinicians and researchers to localize diseases, especially cancer, with a high degree of spatial certainty. This review focuses on the radiopharmaceutical preparation necessary to obtain those images-the work behind the scenes, which occurs even before the patient or animal is injected with the radioimmunoconjugate. The focus of this methods review will be the chelation of four radioisotopes to their most common and clinically relevant chelators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Arroyo
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Serge K Lyashchenko
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Radiochemistry and Imaging Probes Core, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jason S Lewis
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Radiochemistry and Imaging Probes Core, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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8
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Hierlmeier I, Guillou A, Earley DF, Linden A, Holland JP, Bartholomä MD. HNODThia: A Promising Chelator for the Development of 64Cu Radiopharmaceuticals. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:20677-20687. [PMID: 37487036 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we present the synthesis and coordination chemistry of copper(II) and zinc(II) complexes of two novel heterocyclic triazacyclononane (tacn)-based chelators (HNODThia and NODThia-AcNHEt). The chelator HNODThia was further derivatized to obtain a novel PSMA-based bioconjugate (NODThia-PSMA) and a bifunctional photoactivatable azamacrocyclic analogue, NODThia-PEG3-ArN3, for the development of copper-64 radiopharmaceuticals. 64Cu radiolabeling experiments were performed on the different metal-binding chelates, whereby quantitative radiochemical conversion (RCC) was obtained in less than 10 min at room temperature. The in vitro stability of NODThia-PSMA in human plasma was assessed by ligand-challenge and copper-exchange experiments. Next, we investigated the viability of the photoactivatable analog (NODThia-PEG3-ArN3) for the light-induced photoradiosynthesis of radiolabeled proteins. One-pot photoconjugation reactions to human serum albumin (HSA) as a model protein and the clinically relevant monoclonal antibody formulation MetMAb were performed. [64Cu]Cu-7-azepin-HSA and [64Cu]Cu-7-azepin-onartuzumab were prepared in less than 15 min by irradiation at 395 nm, with radiochemical purities (RCP) of >95% and radiochemical yields (RCYs) of 42.7 ± 5.3 and 49.6%, respectively. Together, the results obtained here open the way for the development of highly stable 64Cu-radiopharmaceuticals by using aza-heterocyclic tacn-based chelators, and the method can easily be extended to the development of 67Cu radiopharmaceuticals for future applications in molecularly targeted radio(immuno)therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Hierlmeier
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Saarland University - Medical Center, Kirrberger Str. 100, Building 50, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Amaury Guillou
- University of Zurich, Department of Chemistry, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- University of Caen, Cyceron, Bd Henri Becquerel, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Daniel F Earley
- University of Zurich, Department of Chemistry, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anthony Linden
- University of Zurich, Department of Chemistry, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jason P Holland
- University of Zurich, Department of Chemistry, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mark D Bartholomä
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Saarland University - Medical Center, Kirrberger Str. 100, Building 50, 66421 Homburg, Germany
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9
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Rosenkrans ZT, Hsu JC, Aluicio-Sarduy E, Barnhart TE, Engle JW, Cai W. Amplification of Cerenkov luminescence using semiconducting polymers for cancer theranostics. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2023; 33:2302777. [PMID: 37942189 PMCID: PMC10629852 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202302777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic efficacy of photodynamic therapy is limited by the ability of light to penetrate tissues. Due to this limitation, Cerenkov luminescence (CL) from radionuclides has recently been proposed as an alternative light source in a strategy referred to as Cerenkov radiation induced therapy (CRIT). Semiconducting polymer nanoparticles (SPNs) have ideal optical properties, such as large absorption cross-sections and broad absorbance, which can be utilized to harness the relatively weak CL produced by radionuclides. SPNs can be doped with photosensitizers and have nearly 100% energy transfer efficiency by multiple energy transfer mechanisms. Herein, we investigated an optimized photosensitizer doped SPN as a nanosystem to harness and amplify CL for cancer theranostics. We found that semiconducting polymers significantly amplified CL energy transfer efficiency. Bimodal PET and optical imaging studies showed high tumor uptake and retention of the optimized SPNs when administered intravenously or intratumorally. Lastly, we found that photosensitizer doped SPNs have excellent potential as a cancer theranostics nanosystem in an in vivo tumor therapy study. Our study shows that SPNs are ideally suited to harness and amplify CL for cancer theranostics, which may provide a significant advancement for CRIT that are unabated by tissue penetration limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary T Rosenkrans
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 600 Highland Ave., K6/562, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Jessica C Hsu
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Eduardo Aluicio-Sarduy
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Todd E Barnhart
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Jonathan W Engle
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Weibo Cai
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 600 Highland Ave., K6/562, Madison, WI 53792, USA
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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10
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Anees Ahmed A, Misiak R, Bartyzel M, Mietelski JW, Wąs B. Study of (p,x) reactions in the natCaO targets. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2023.110821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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11
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Trencsényi G, Képes Z. Scandium-44: Diagnostic Feasibility in Tumor-Related Angiogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087400. [PMID: 37108559 PMCID: PMC10138813 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis-related cell-surface molecules, including integrins, aminopeptidase N, vascular endothelial growth factor, and gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR), play a crucial role in tumour formation. Radiolabelled imaging probes targeting angiogenic biomarkers serve as valuable vectors in tumour identification. Nowadays, there is a growing interest in novel radionuclides other than gallium-68 (68Ga) or copper-64 (64Cu) to establish selective radiotracers for the imaging of tumour-associated neo-angiogenesis. Given its ideal decay characteristics (Eβ+average: 632 KeV) and a half-life (T1/2 = 3.97 h) that is well matched to the pharmacokinetic profile of small molecules targeting angiogenesis, scandium-44 (44Sc) has gained meaningful attention as a promising radiometal for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. More recently, intensive research has been centered around the investigation of 44Sc-labelled angiogenesis-directed radiopharmaceuticals. Previous studies dealt with the evaluation of 44Sc-appended avb3 integrin-affine Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) tripeptides, GRPR-selective aminobenzoyl-bombesin analogue (AMBA), and hypoxia-associated nitroimidazole derivatives in the identification of various cancers using experimental tumour models. Given the tumour-related hypoxia- and angiogenesis-targeting capability of these PET probes, 44Sc seems to be a strong competitor of the currently used positron emitters in radiotracer development. In this review, we summarize the preliminary preclinical achievements with 44Sc-labelled angiogenesis-specific molecular probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- György Trencsényi
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zita Képes
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
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12
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Larsen LI, López GP, Selwyn R, Carroll NJ. Microfluidic Fabrication of Silica Microspheres Infused with Positron Emission Tomography Imaging Agents. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:712-721. [PMID: 36633291 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) is a treatment which delivers radioactive therapeutic microspheres via the hepatic artery to destroy tumorigenic tissue of the liver. However, the dose required varies significantly from patient to patient due to nuances in individual biology. Therefore, a positron emission tomography (PET) imaging surrogate, or radiotracer, is used to predict in vivo behavior of therapeutic Y-90 spheres. The ideal surrogate should closely resemble Y-90 microspheres in morphology for highest predictive accuracy. This work presents the fabrication of positron-emitting silica microspheres infused with PET radiotracers copper, fluorine, and gallium. A quick one-pot synthesis is used to create precursor sol, followed by droplet formation with flow-focusing microfluidics, and finally thermal treatment to yield 10-50 μm microspheres with narrow size distribution. Loading of the infused element is controllable in the sol synthesis, while the final sphere size is tunable based on microfluidic flow rates and device channel width. The system is then employed to make radioactive Ga-68 microspheres, which are tested for radioactivity and stability. The fabrication method can be completed within a few hours, depending on the desired microsphere quantity. A microfluidic system is applied to fabricate silica particles loaded with diverse elemental infusions, including radioactive Ga-68.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewis I Larsen
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico87131, United States.,Center for Micro-Engineered Materials, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico87131, United States
| | - Gabriel P López
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico87131, United States.,Center for Micro-Engineered Materials, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico87131, United States
| | - Reed Selwyn
- Department of Radiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico87131, United States
| | - Nick J Carroll
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico87131, United States.,Center for Micro-Engineered Materials, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico87131, United States
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13
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Brown AM, Butman JL, Lengacher R, Vargo NP, Martin KE, Koller A, Śmiłowicz D, Boros E, Robinson JR. N, N-Alkylation Clarifies the Role of N- and O-Protonated Intermediates in Cyclen-Based 64Cu Radiopharmaceuticals. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:1362-1376. [PMID: 36490364 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Radioisotopes of Cu, such as 64Cu and 67Cu, are alluring targets for imaging (e.g., positron emission tomography, PET) and radiotherapeutic applications. Cyclen-based macrocyclic polyaminocarboxylates are one of the most frequently examined bifunctional chelators in vitro and in vivo, including the FDA-approved 64Cu radiopharmaceutical, Cu(DOTATATE) (Detectnet); however, connections between the structure of plausible reactive intermediates and their stability under physiologically relevant conditions remain to be established. In this study, we share the synthesis of a cyclen-based, N,N-alkylated spirocyclic chelate, H2DO3AC4H8, which serves as a model for N-protonation. Our combined experimental (in vitro and in vivo) and computational studies unravel complex pH-dependent speciation and enable side-by-side comparison of N- and O-protonated species of relevant 64Cu radiopharmaceuticals. Our studies suggest that N-protonated species are not inherently unstable species under physiological conditions and demonstrate the potential of N,N-alkylation as a tool for the rational design of future radiopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island02912, United States
| | - Jana L Butman
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island02912, United States
| | - Raphael Lengacher
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, New York11794, United States
| | - Natasha P Vargo
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island02912, United States
| | - Kirsten E Martin
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, New York11794, United States
| | - Angus Koller
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, New York11794, United States
| | - Dariusz Śmiłowicz
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, New York11794, United States
| | - Eszter Boros
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, New York11794, United States
| | - Jerome R Robinson
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island02912, United States
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14
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Almeida SFF, Fonseca A, Sereno J, Ferreira HRS, Lapo-Pais M, Martins-Marques T, Rodrigues T, Oliveira RC, Miranda C, Almeida LP, Girão H, Falcão A, Abrunhosa AJ, Gomes CM. Osteosarcoma-Derived Exosomes as Potential PET Imaging Nanocarriers for Lung Metastasis. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2203999. [PMID: 36316233 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202203999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Lung metastases represent the most adverse clinical factor and rank as the leading cause of osteosarcoma-related death. Nearly 80% of patients present lung micrometastasis at diagnosis not detected with current clinical tools. Herein, an exosome (EX)-based imaging tool is developed for lung micrometastasis by positron emission tomography (PET) using osteosarcoma-derived EXs as natural nanocarriers of the positron-emitter copper-64 (64 Cu). Exosomes are isolated from metastatic osteosarcoma cells and functionalized with the macrocyclic chelator NODAGA for complexation with 64 Cu. Surface functionalization has no effect on the physicochemical properties of EXs, or affinity for donor cells and endows them with favorable pharmacokinetics for in vivo studies. Whole-body PET/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images in xenografted models show a specific accumulation of 64 Cu-NODAGA-EXs in metastatic lesions as small as 2-3 mm or in a primary tumor, demonstrating the exquisite tropism of EXs for homotypic donor cells. The targetability for lung metastasis is also observed by optical imaging using indocyanine green (ICG)-labeled EXs and D-luciferin-loaded EXs. These findings show that tumor-derived EXs hold great potential as targeted imaging agents for the noninvasive detection of small lung metastasis by PET. This represents a step forward in the biomedical application of EXs in imaging diagnosis with increased translational potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara F F Almeida
- Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS) and Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Fonseca
- Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS) and Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Sereno
- Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS) and Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
- Chemistry Department, University of Coimbra, 3004-535, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Hugo R S Ferreira
- Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology Consortium (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-075, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mariana Lapo-Pais
- Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS) and Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Tânia Martins-Marques
- Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology Consortium (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-075, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Teresa Rodrigues
- Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology Consortium (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-075, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui C Oliveira
- Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology Consortium (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-075, Coimbra, Portugal
- Pathology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, 3004-561, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Catarina Miranda
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology Consortium (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luís P Almeida
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology Consortium (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Henrique Girão
- Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology Consortium (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-075, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Amílcar Falcão
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Antero J Abrunhosa
- Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS) and Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Célia M Gomes
- Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology Consortium (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-075, Coimbra, Portugal
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15
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AlHokbany N, AlJammaz I, AlOtaibi B, AlMalki Y, AlJammaz B, Okarvi SM. Development of new copper-64 labeled rhodamine: a potential PET myocardial perfusion imaging agent. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2022; 7:19. [PMID: 35870027 PMCID: PMC9308844 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-022-00171-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) is one of the most commonly performed investigations in nuclear medicine procedures. Due to the longer half-life of the emerging positron emitter copper-64 and its availability from low energy cyclotron, together with its well-known coordination chemistry, we have synthesized 64Cu-labeled NOTA- and 64Cu-NOTAM-rhodamine conjugates as potential cardiac imaging agents using PET. Results 64Cu-NOTA- and 64Cu-NOTAM-rhodamine conjugates were synthesized using a traightforward and one-step simple reaction. Radiochemical yields were greater than 97% (decay corrected), with a total synthesis time of less than 25 min. Radiochemical purities were always greater than 98% as assessed by TLC and HPLC. These synthetic approaches hold considerable promise as a simple method for 64Cu-rhodamine conjugates synthesis, with high radiochemical yield and purity. Biodistribution studies in normal Fischer rats at 60 min post-injection, demonstrated significant heart uptake and a good biodistribution profile for both the radioconjugates. However, the 64Cu-NOTAM-rhodamine conjugate has shown more heart uptake (~ 10% ID/g) over the 64Cu-NOTA-rhodamine conjugate (5.6% ID/g). Conclusions These results demonstrate that these radioconjugates may be useful probes for the PET evaluation of MPI.
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16
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Kanellopoulos P, Nock BA, Greifenstein L, Baum RP, Roesch F, Maina T. [ 68Ga]Ga-DATA 5m-LM4, a PET Radiotracer in the Diagnosis of SST 2R-Positive Tumors: Preclinical and First Clinical Results. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314590. [PMID: 36498918 PMCID: PMC9740503 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiolabeled somatostatin subtype 2 receptor (SST2R)-antagonists have shown advantageous profiles for cancer theranostics compared with agonists. On the other hand, the newly introduced hybrid chelator (6-pentanoic acid)-6-(amino)methyl-1,4-diazepinetriacetate (DATA5m) rapidly binds Ga-68 (t1/2: 67.7 min) at much lower temperature, thus allowing for quick access to "ready-for-injection" [68Ga]Ga-tracers in hospitals. We herein introduce [68Ga]Ga-DATA5m-LM4 for PET/CT imaging of SST2R-positive human tumors. LM4 was obtained by 4Pal3/Tyr3-substitution in the known SST2R antagonist LM3 (H-DPhe-c[DCys-Tyr-DAph(Cbm)-Lys-Thr-Cys]-DTyr-NH2) and DATA5m was coupled at the N-terminus for labeling with radiogallium (Ga-67/68). [67Ga]Ga-DATA5m-LM4 was evaluated in HEK293-SST2R cells and mice models in a head-to-head comparison with [67Ga]Ga-DOTA-LM3. Clinical grade [68Ga]Ga-DATA5m-LM4 was prepared and injected in a neuroendocrine tumor (NET) patient for PET/CT imaging. DATA5m-LM4 displayed high SST2R binding affinity. [67Ga]Ga-DATA5m-LM4 showed markedly higher uptake in HEK293-SST2R cells versus [67Ga]Ga-DOTA-LM3 and was stable in vivo. In HEK293-SST2R xenograft-bearing mice, it achieved longer tumor retention and less kidney uptake than [67Ga]Ga-DOTA-LM3. [68Ga]Ga-DATA5m-LM4 accurately visualized tumor lesions with high contrast on PET/CT. In short, [68Ga]Ga-DATA5m-LM4 has shown excellent prospects for the PET/CT diagnosis of SST2R-positive tumors, further highlighting the benefits of Ga-68 labeling in a hospital environment via the DATA5m-chelator route.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Berthold A. Nock
- Molecular Radiopharmacy, INRaSTES, NCSR “Demokritos”, GR-15310 Athens, Greece
| | - Lukas Greifenstein
- CURANOSTICUM Wiesbaden-Frankfurt, DKD Helios Klinik, D-65191 Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Richard P. Baum
- CURANOSTICUM Wiesbaden-Frankfurt, DKD Helios Klinik, D-65191 Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Frank Roesch
- Department Chemie, Standort TRIGA, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55126 Mainz, Germany
| | - Theodosia Maina
- Molecular Radiopharmacy, INRaSTES, NCSR “Demokritos”, GR-15310 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-210-650-3908 (ext. 3891)
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17
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Uzal-Varela R, Patinec V, Tripier R, Valencia L, Maneiro M, Canle M, Platas-Iglesias C, Esteban-Gómez D, Iglesias E. On the dissociation pathways of copper complexes relevant as PET imaging agents. J Inorg Biochem 2022; 236:111951. [PMID: 35963110 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.111951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Several bifunctional chelators have been synthesized in the last years for the development of new 64Cu-based PET agents for in vivo imaging. When designing a metal-based PET probe, it is important to achieve high stability and kinetic inertness once the radioisotope is coordinated. Different competitive assays are commonly used to evaluate the possible dissociation mechanisms that may induce Cu(II) release in the body. Among them, acid-assisted dissociation tests or transchelation challenges employing EDTA or SOD are frequently used to evaluate both solution thermodynamics and the kinetic behavior of potential metal-based systems. Despite of this, the Cu(II)/Cu(I) bioreduction pathway that could be promoted by the presence of bioreductants still remains little explored. To fill this gap we present here a detailed spectroscopic study of the kinetic behavior of different macrocyclic Cu(II) complexes. The complexes investigated include the cross-bridge cyclam derivative [Cu(CB-TE1A)]+, whose structure was determined using single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The acid-assisted dissociation mechanism was investigated using HClO4 and HCl to analyse the effect of the counterion on the rate constants. The complexes were selected so that the effects of complex charge and coordination polyhedron could be assessed. Cyclic voltammetry experiments were conducted to investigate whether the reduction to Cu(I) falls within the window of common bioreducing agents. The most striking behavior concerns the [Cu(NO2Th)]2+ complex, a 1,4,7-triazacyclononane derivative containing two methylthiazolyl pendant arms. This complex is extremely inert with respect to dissociation following the acid-catalyzed mechanism, but dissociates rather quickly in the presence of a bioreductant like ascorbic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Uzal-Varela
- Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA) and Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain
| | - Véronique Patinec
- Univ Brest, UMR-CNRS 6521 CEMCA, 6 avenue Victor le Gorgeu, 29238 Brest, France
| | - Raphaël Tripier
- Univ Brest, UMR-CNRS 6521 CEMCA, 6 avenue Victor le Gorgeu, 29238 Brest, France
| | - Laura Valencia
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidade de Vigo, Facultad de Ciencias, 36310 Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Marcelino Maneiro
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Facultade de Ciencias, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Moisés Canle
- Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA) and Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain
| | - Carlos Platas-Iglesias
- Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA) and Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain
| | - David Esteban-Gómez
- Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA) and Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain.
| | - Emilia Iglesias
- Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA) and Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain.
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18
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Folate-based radiotracers for nuclear imaging and radionuclide therapy. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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19
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Firth G, Yu Z, Bartnicka JJ, Parker D, Kim J, Sunassee K, Greenwood HE, Al-Salamee F, Jauregui-Osoro M, Di Pietro A, Guzman J, Blower PJ. Imaging zinc trafficking in vivo by positron emission tomography with zinc-62. Metallomics 2022; 14:mfac076. [PMID: 36201445 PMCID: PMC9578021 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfac076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Non-invasive imaging techniques to dynamically map whole-body trafficking of essential metals in vivo in health and diseases are needed. Despite 62Zn having appropriate physical properties for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging (half-life, 9.3 h; positron emission, 8.2%), its complex decay via 62Cu (half-life, 10 min; positron emission, 97%) has limited its use. We aimed to develop a method to extract 62Zn from a 62Zn/62Cu generator, and to investigate its use for in vivo imaging of zinc trafficking despite its complex decay. 62Zn prepared by proton irradiation of natural copper foil was used to construct a conventional 62Zn/62Cu generator. 62Zn was eluted using trisodium citrate and used for biological experiments, compared with 64Cu in similar buffer. PET/CT imaging and ex vivo tissue radioactivity measurements were performed following intravenous injection in healthy mice. [62Zn]Zn-citrate was readily eluted from the generator with citrate buffer. PET imaging with the eluate demonstrated biodistribution similar to previous observations with the shorter-lived 63Zn (half-life 38.5 min), with significant differences compared to [64Cu]Cu-citrate, notably in pancreas (>10-fold higher at 1 h post-injection). Between 4 and 24 h, 62Zn retention in liver, pancreas, and kidney declined over time, while brain uptake increased. Like 64Cu, 62Zn showed hepatobiliary excretion from liver to intestines, unaffected by fasting. Although it offers limited reliability of scanning before 1 h post-injection, 62Zn-PET allows investigation of zinc trafficking in vivo for >24 h and hence provides a useful new tool to investigate diseases where zinc homeostasis is disrupted in preclinical models and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Firth
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas’ Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Zilin Yu
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas’ Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Joanna J Bartnicka
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas’ Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - David Parker
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Jana Kim
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas’ Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Kavitha Sunassee
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas’ Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Hannah E Greenwood
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas’ Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Fahad Al-Salamee
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas’ Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Maite Jauregui-Osoro
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas’ Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Alberto Di Pietro
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas’ Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Joanna Guzman
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas’ Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Philip J Blower
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas’ Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
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20
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Kondakov A, Berdalin A, Beregov M, Lelyuk V. Emerging Nuclear Medicine Imaging of Atherosclerotic Plaque Formation. J Imaging 2022; 8:jimaging8100261. [PMID: 36286355 PMCID: PMC9605050 DOI: 10.3390/jimaging8100261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic widespread cardiovascular disease and a major predisposing factor for cardiovascular events, among which there are myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke. Atherosclerotic plaque formation is a process that involves different mechanisms, of which inflammation is the most common. Plenty of radiopharmaceuticals were developed to elucidate the process of plaque formation at different stages, some of which were highly specific for atherosclerotic plaque. This review summarizes the current nuclear medicine imaging landscape of preclinical and small-scale clinical studies of these specific RPs, which are not as widespread as labeled FDG, sodium fluoride, and choline. These include oxidation-specific epitope imaging, macrophage, and other cell receptors visualization, neoangiogenesis, and macrophage death imaging. It is shown that specific radiopharmaceuticals have strength in pathophysiologically sound imaging of the atherosclerotic plaques at different stages, but this also may induce problems with the signal registration for low-volume plaques in the vascular wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Kondakov
- Ultrasound and Functional Diagnostics Department, Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies, 117513 Moscow, Russia
- Radiology and Radiotherapy Department, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Berdalin
- Ultrasound and Functional Diagnostics Department, Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies, 117513 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +7-926-276-88-32
| | - Mikhail Beregov
- Ultrasound and Functional Diagnostics Department, Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies, 117513 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Lelyuk
- Ultrasound and Functional Diagnostics Department, Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies, 117513 Moscow, Russia
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21
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Kálmán-Szabó I, Szabó JP, Arató V, Dénes N, Opposits G, Jószai I, Kertész I, Képes Z, Fekete A, Szikra D, Hajdu I, Trencsényi G. PET Probes for Preclinical Imaging of GRPR-Positive Prostate Cancer: Comparative Preclinical Study of [ 68Ga]Ga-NODAGA-AMBA and [ 44Sc]Sc-NODAGA-AMBA. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231710061. [PMID: 36077458 PMCID: PMC9456106 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231710061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrin-releasing peptide receptors (GRPR) are overexpressed in prostate cancer (PCa). Since bombesin analogue aminobenzoic-acid (AMBA) binds to GRPR with high affinity, scandium-44 conjugated AMBA is a promising radiotracer in the PET diagnostics of GRPR positive tumors. Herein, the GRPR specificity of the newly synthetized [44Sc]Sc-NODAGA-AMBA was investigated in vitro and in vivo applying PCa PC-3 xenograft. After the in-vitro assessment of receptor binding, PC-3 tumor-bearing mice were injected with [44Sc]Sc/[68Ga]Ga-NODAGA-AMBA (in blocking studies with bombesin) and in-vivo PET examinations were performed to determine the radiotracer uptake in standardized uptake values (SUV). 44Sc/68Ga-labelled NODAGA-AMBA was produced with high molar activity (approx. 20 GBq/µmoL) and excellent radiochemical purity. The in-vitro accumulation of [44Sc]Sc-NODAGA-AMBA in PC-3 cells was approximately 25-fold higher than that of the control HaCaT cells. Relatively higher uptake was found in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo in the same tumor with the 44Sc-labelled probe compared to [68Ga]Ga-NODAGA-AMBA. The GRPR specificity of [44Sc]Sc-NODAGA-AMBA was confirmed by significantly (p ≤ 0.01) decreased %ID and SUV values in PC-3 tumors after bombesin pretreatment. The outstanding binding properties of the novel [44Sc]Sc-NODAGA-AMBA to GRPR outlines its potential to be a valuable radiotracer in the imaging of GRPR-positive PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibolya Kálmán-Szabó
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Gyula Petrányi Doctoral School of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Judit P. Szabó
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Viktória Arató
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Noémi Dénes
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gábor Opposits
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - István Jószai
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - István Kertész
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zita Képes
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Anikó Fekete
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Dezső Szikra
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - István Hajdu
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - György Trencsényi
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Gyula Petrányi Doctoral School of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Correspondence:
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22
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Younis MH, Tang Z, Cai W. Multimodality imaging of nanoparticle-based vaccines: Shedding light on immunology. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 14:e1807. [PMID: 35501142 PMCID: PMC9481661 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, there have been significant innovations in the development of nanoparticle-based vaccines and vaccine delivery systems. For the purposes of both design and evaluation, these nanovaccines are imaged using the wealth of understanding established around medical imaging of nanomaterials. An important insight to the advancement of the field of nanovaccines can be given by an analysis of the design rationale of an imaging platform, as well as the significance of the information provided by imaging. Nanovaccine imaging strategies can be categorized by the imaging modality leveraged, but it is also worth understanding the superiority or convenience of a given modality over others in a given context of a particular nanovaccine. The most important imaging modalities in this endeavor are optical imaging including near-infrared fluorescence imaging (NIRF), emission tomography methods such as positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with or without computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance (MR), the emerging magnetic particle imaging (MPI), and finally, multimodal applications of imaging which include molecular imaging with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and photoacoustic (PA) imaging. One finds that each of these modalities has strengths and weaknesses, but optical and PET imaging tend, in this context, to be currently the most accessible, convenient, and informative modalities. Nevertheless, an important principle is that there is not a one-size-fits-all solution, and that the specific nanovaccine in question must be compatible with a particular imaging modality. This article is categorized under: Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhsin H. Younis
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Zhongmin Tang
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Weibo Cai
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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23
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Liu D, Xia Q, Ding D, Tan W. Radiolabeling of functional oligonucleotides for molecular imaging. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:986412. [PMID: 36091456 PMCID: PMC9449898 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.986412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular imaging has greatly advanced basic biology and translational medicine through visualization and quantification of molecular events in a cellular context and living organisms. Nuclear medicine, including positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission tomography (SPECT), is one of the most representative molecular imaging modalities which is widely used in clinical theranostics. Recently, numerous molecular imaging agents have been developed to improve the quality and expand the applicable diseases of molecular imaging. Based on the choice of specific imaging agents, molecular imaging is capable of studying tumor biological activities, detecting tumor metastasis, and imaging Alzheimer’s disease-related amyloid proteins. Among these imaging agents, functional oligonucleotides-based imaging probes are becoming increasingly important due to their unique features. Antisense oligonucleotides, small interfering RNA, and aptamers are privileged molecular tools in precision medicine for cancer diagnosis and treatment. These chemically synthesized oligonucleotides without batch-to-batch variations are flexible to incorporate with other molecules without affecting their functionalities. Therefore, through the combination of oligonucleotides with radioisotopes, a series of molecular imaging agents were developed in the past decades to achieve highly sensitive and accurate biomedical imaging modalities for clinical theranostic. Due to the nature of oligonucleotides, the strategies of oligonucleotide radiolabeling are different from conventional small molecular tracers, and the radiolabeling strategy with rational design is highly correlated to the imaging quality. In this review, we summarize recent advancements in functional oligonucleotide radiolabeling strategies and respective molecular imaging applications. Meanwhile, challenges and future development insights of functional oligonucleotide-based radiopharmaceuticals are discussed in the end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dunfang Liu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM), Renji Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Clinical Nuclear Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Xia
- Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM), Renji Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Clinical Nuclear Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Ding Ding, ; Qian Xia,
| | - Ding Ding
- Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM), Renji Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Ding Ding, ; Qian Xia,
| | - Weihong Tan
- Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM), Renji Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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24
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Cun JE, Fan X, Pan Q, Gao W, Luo K, He B, Pu Y. Copper-based metal-organic frameworks for biomedical applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 305:102686. [PMID: 35523098 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a class of important porous, crystalline materials composed of metal ions (clusters) and organic ligands. Owing to the unique redox chemistry, photochemical and electrical property, and catalytic activity of Cu2+/+, copper-based MOFs (Cu-MOFs) have been recently and extensively explored in various biomedical fields. In this review, we first make a brief introduction to the synthesis of Cu-MOFs and their composites, and highlight the recent synthetic strategies of two most studied representatives, three-dimensional HKUST-1 and two-dimensional Cu-TCPP. The recent advances of Cu-MOFs in the applications of cancer treatment, bacterial inhibition, biosensing, biocatalysis, and wound healing are summarized and discussed. Furthermore, we propose a prospect of the future development of Cu-MOFs in biomedical fields and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-E Cun
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xi Fan
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Qingqing Pan
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenxia Gao
- College of Chemistry & Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Kui Luo
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Functional and molecular imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bin He
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yuji Pu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
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25
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Grey N, Silosky M, Lieu CH, Chin BB. Current status and future of targeted peptide receptor radionuclide positron emission tomography imaging and therapy of gastroenteropancreatic-neuroendocrine tumors. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:1768-1780. [PMID: 35633909 PMCID: PMC9099199 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i17.1768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Theranostics is the highly targeted molecular imaging and therapy of tumors. Targeted peptide receptor radionuclide therapy has taken the lead in demonstrating the safety and effectiveness of this molecular approach to treating cancers. Metastatic, well-differentiated gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors may be most effectively imaged and treated with DOTATATE ligands. We review the current practice, safety, advantages, and limitations of DOTATATE based theranostics. Finally, we briefly describe the exciting new areas of development and future directions of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumor theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Grey
- Radiology-Nuclear Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Michael Silosky
- Department of Radiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Christopher H Lieu
- Medical Oncology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Bennett B Chin
- Department of Radiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
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26
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Identification and quantitative structure–activity relationship assessment of trace chemical impurities contained in the therapeutic formulation of [64Cu]Cu-ATSM. Nucl Med Biol 2022; 108-109:10-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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27
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Liu T, Redalen KR, Karlsen M. Development of an Automated Production Process of [
64
Cu][Cu (ATSM)] for PET imaging and theranostic Applications. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2022; 65:191-202. [PMID: 35466453 PMCID: PMC9321116 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Cyclotron‐produced copper‐64 radioisotope tracers offer the possibility to perform both diagnostic investigation by positron emission tomography (PET) and radiotherapy by a theranostic approach with bifunctional chelators. The versatile chemical properties of copper add to the importance of this isotope in medicinal investigation. [64Cu][Cu (ATSM)] has shown to be a viable candidate for imaging of tumor hypoxia; a critical tumor microenvironment characteristic that typically signifies tumor progression and resistance to chemo‐radiotherapy. Various production and radiosynthesis methods of [64Cu][Cu (ATSM)] exist in labs, but usually involved non‐standardized equipment with varying production qualities and may not be easily implemented in wider hospital settings. [64Cu][Cu (ATSM)] was synthesized on a modified GE TRACERlab FXN automated synthesis module. End‐of‐synthesis (EOS) molar activity of [64Cu][Cu (ATSM)] was 2.2–5.5 Ci/μmol (HPLC), 2.2–2.6 Ci/μmol (ATSM‐titration), and 3.0–4.4 Ci/μmol (ICP‐MS). Radiochemical purity was determined to be >99% based on radio‐HPLC. The final product maintained radiochemical purity after 20 h. We demonstrated a simple and feasible process development and quality control protocols for automated cyclotron production and synthesis of [64Cu][Cu (ATSM)] based on commercially distributed standardized synthesis modules suitable for PET imaging and theranostic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengzhi Liu
- Department of Physics Norwegian University of Science and Technology
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Olavs hospital Trondheim University Hospital
| | | | - Morten Karlsen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Olavs hospital Trondheim University Hospital
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28
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A New Preclinical Decision Support System Based on PET Radiomics: A Preliminary Study on the Evaluation of an Innovative 64Cu-Labeled Chelator in Mouse Models. J Imaging 2022; 8:jimaging8040092. [PMID: 35448219 PMCID: PMC9025273 DOI: 10.3390/jimaging8040092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The 64Cu-labeled chelator was analyzed in vivo by positron emission tomography (PET) imaging to evaluate its biodistribution in a murine model at different acquisition times. For this purpose, nine 6-week-old female Balb/C nude strain mice underwent micro-PET imaging at three different time points after 64Cu-labeled chelator injection. Specifically, the mice were divided into group 1 (acquisition 1 h after [64Cu] chelator administration, n = 3 mice), group 2 (acquisition 4 h after [64Cu]chelator administration, n = 3 mice), and group 3 (acquisition 24 h after [64Cu] chelator administration, n = 3 mice). Successively, all PET studies were segmented by means of registration with a standard template space (3D whole-body Digimouse atlas), and 108 radiomics features were extracted from seven organs (namely, heart, bladder, stomach, liver, spleen, kidney, and lung) to investigate possible changes over time in [64Cu]chelator biodistribution. The one-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey Honestly Significant Difference test revealed that, while heart, stomach, spleen, kidney, and lung districts showed a very low percentage of radiomics features with significant variations (p-value < 0.05) among the three groups of mice, a large number of features (greater than 60% and 50%, respectively) that varied significantly between groups were observed in bladder and liver, indicating a different in vivo uptake of the 64Cu-labeled chelator over time. The proposed methodology may improve the method of calculating the [64Cu]chelator biodistribution and open the way towards a decision support system in the field of new radiopharmaceuticals used in preclinical imaging trials.
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29
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Mou L, Martini P, Pupillo G, Cieszykowska I, Cutler CS, Mikołajczak R. 67Cu Production Capabilities: A Mini Review. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27051501. [PMID: 35268600 PMCID: PMC8912090 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Is the 67Cu production worldwide feasible for expanding preclinical and clinical studies? How can we face the ingrowing demands of this emerging and promising theranostic radionuclide for personalized therapies? This review looks at the different production routes, including the accelerator- and reactor-based ones, providing a comprehensive overview of the actual 67Cu supply, with brief insight into its use in non-clinical and clinical studies. In addition to the most often explored nuclear reactions, this work focuses on the 67Cu separation and purification techniques, as well as the target material recovery procedures that are mandatory for the economic sustainability of the production cycle. The quality aspects, such as radiochemical, chemical, and radionuclidic purity, with particular attention to the coproduction of the counterpart 64Cu, are also taken into account, with detailed comparisons among the different production routes. Future possibilities related to new infrastructures are included in this work, as well as new developments on the radiopharmaceuticals aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Mou
- Legnaro National Laboratories, National Institute for Nuclear Physics, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy; (L.M.); (G.P.)
| | - Petra Martini
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; or
| | - Gaia Pupillo
- Legnaro National Laboratories, National Institute for Nuclear Physics, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy; (L.M.); (G.P.)
| | - Izabela Cieszykowska
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Radioisotope Centre POLATOM, 05-400 Otwock, Poland;
| | - Cathy S. Cutler
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Collider Accelerator Department, Upton, NY 11973, USA;
| | - Renata Mikołajczak
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Radioisotope Centre POLATOM, 05-400 Otwock, Poland;
- Correspondence:
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30
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Cardoza-Ochoa DR, Rivera-Bravo B. A Comparison of 18F-PSMA-1007 and 64Cu-PSMA in 2 Patients With Metastatic Prostate Cancer. Clin Nucl Med 2022; 47:e120-e122. [PMID: 34115708 DOI: 10.1097/rlu.0000000000003758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT 18F-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) 1007 is one of the most promising radiotracers for PET imaging in prostate cancer, minimal urinary clearance, and higher spatial resolution, which are the most outstanding features. PSMA can also be labeled with 64Cu, offering a longer half-life and different resolution imaging. We present images of metastatic prostate cancer in two patients, where 64Cu-PSMA PET/CT was performed one day after 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT. In the two patients, both radiotracers provided high image quality and a similar range of detection for metastatic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Cardoza-Ochoa
- From the PET-CT Unit, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
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31
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Csupász T, Lihi N, Fekete Z, Nagy A, Botár R, Forgács V, Szikra D, May N, Tircsó G, Kálmán FK. Exceptionally fast formation of stable rigidified cross-bridged complexes formed with Cu(II) isotopes for Molecular Imaging. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qi01526e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
64Cu is considered to be one of the most promising radioisotope in radiotheragnostics (combining therapeutics with diagnostics) because its positron emission is suitable for PET imaging while the combination of...
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32
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van der Meulen NP, Talip Z. Non-conventional radionuclides: The pursuit for perfection. Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822960-6.00052-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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33
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More S, Marakalala MJ, Sathekge M. Tuberculosis: Role of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging With Potential Impact of Neutrophil-Specific Tracers. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:758636. [PMID: 34957144 PMCID: PMC8703031 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.758636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
With Tuberculosis (TB) affecting millions of people worldwide, novel imaging modalities and tools, particularly nuclear medicine and molecular imaging, have grown with greater interest to assess the biology of the tuberculous granuloma and evolution thereof. Much early work has been performed at the pre-clinical level using gamma single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) agents exploiting certain characteristics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTb). Both antituberculous SPECT and positron emission tomography (PET) agents have been utilised to characterise MTb. Other PET tracers have been utilised to help to characterise the biology of MTb (including Gallium-68-labelled radiopharmaceuticals). Of all the tracers, 2-[18F]FDG has been studied extensively over the last two decades in many aspects of the treatment paradigm of TB: at diagnosis, staging, response assessment, restaging, and in potentially predicting the outcome of patients with latent TB infection. Its lower specificity in being able to distinguish different inflammatory cell types in the granuloma has garnered interest in reviewing more specific agents that can portend prognostic implications in the management of MTb. With the neutrophil being a cell type that portends this poorer prognosis, imaging this cell type may be able to answer more accurately questions relating to the tuberculous granuloma transmissivity and may help in characterising patients who may be at risk of developing active TB. The formyl peptide receptor 1(FPR1) expressed by neutrophils is a key marker in this process and is a potential target to characterise these areas. The pre-clinical work regarding the role of radiolabelled N-cinnamoyl –F-(D) L – F – (D) –L F (cFLFLF) (which is an antagonist for FPR1) using Technetium 99m-labelled conjugates and more recently radiolabelled with Gallium-68 and Copper 64 is discussed. It is the hope that further work with this tracer may accelerate its potential to be utilised in responding to many of the current diagnostic dilemmas and challenges in TB management, thereby making the tracer a translatable option in routine clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart More
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiation Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria and Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria, South Africa
- Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria, South Africa
- *Correspondence: Stuart More
| | - Mohlopheni J. Marakalala
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Michael Sathekge
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria and Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria, South Africa
- Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria, South Africa
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Mansi R, Nock BA, Dalm SU, Busstra MB, van Weerden WM, Maina T. Radiolabeled Bombesin Analogs. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13225766. [PMID: 34830920 PMCID: PMC8616220 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13225766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Recent medical advancements have strived for a personalized medicine approach to patients, aimed at optimizing therapy outcomes with minimum toxicity. In this respect, nuclear medicine methodologies have been playing increasingly important roles. For example, the overexpression of peptide receptors, such as the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR), on tumor cells as opposed to their lack of expression in healthy surrounding tissues can be elegantly exploited with the aid of “smart” peptide carriers, such as the analogs of the amphibian 14-peptide bombesin (BBN). These molecules can bring clinically attractive radionuclides to malignant lesions in prostate, breast, and other human cancers, sparing healthy tissues. Depending upon the radionuclide in question, diagnostic imaging with single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) or positron emission tomography (PET) has been pursued, identifying patients who are eligible for peptide radionuclide receptor therapy (PRRT) in an integrated “theranostic” approach. In the present review, we (i) discuss the major steps taken in the development of anti-GRPR theranostic radioligands, with a focus on those selected for clinical testing; (ii) comment on the present status in this field of research; and (iii) reflect on the current limitations as well as on new opportunities for their broader and more successful clinical applications. Abstract The gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) is expressed in high numbers in a variety of human tumors, including the frequently occurring prostate and breast cancers, and therefore provides the rationale for directing diagnostic or therapeutic radionuclides on cancer lesions after administration of anti-GRPR peptide analogs. This concept has been initially explored with analogs of the frog 14-peptide bombesin, suitably modified at the N-terminus with a number of radiometal chelates. Radiotracers that were selected for clinical testing revealed inherent problems associated with these GRPR agonists, related to low metabolic stability, unfavorable abdominal accumulation, and adverse effects. A shift toward GRPR antagonists soon followed, with safer analogs becoming available, whereby, metabolic stability and background clearance issues were gradually improved. Clinical testing of three main major antagonist types led to promising outcomes, but at the same time brought to light several limitations of this concept, partly related to the variation of GRPR expression levels across cancer types, stages, previous treatments, and other factors. Currently, these parameters are being rigorously addressed by cell biologists, chemists, nuclear medicine physicians, and other discipline practitioners in a common effort to make available more effective and safe state-of-the-art molecular tools to combat GRPR-positive tumors. In the present review, we present the background, current status, and future perspectives of this endeavor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalba Mansi
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, Clinic of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland;
| | - Berthold A. Nock
- Molecular Radiopharmacy, INRaSTES, NCSR “Demokritos”, 15310 Athens, Greece;
| | - Simone U. Dalm
- Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (S.U.D.); (M.B.B.); (W.M.v.W.)
| | - Martijn B. Busstra
- Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (S.U.D.); (M.B.B.); (W.M.v.W.)
| | - Wytske M. van Weerden
- Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (S.U.D.); (M.B.B.); (W.M.v.W.)
| | - Theodosia Maina
- Molecular Radiopharmacy, INRaSTES, NCSR “Demokritos”, 15310 Athens, Greece;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-650-3908/3891
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Choiński J, Łyczko M. Prospects for the production of radioisotopes and radiobioconjugates for theranostics. BIO-ALGORITHMS AND MED-SYSTEMS 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/bams-2021-0136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The development of diagnostic methods in medicine as well as the progress in the synthesis of biologically active compounds allows the use of selected radioisotopes for the simultaneous diagnosis and treatment of diseases, especially cancerous ones, in patients. This approach is called theranostic. This review article includes chemical and physical characterization of chosen theranostic radioisotopes and their compounds that are or could be useful in nuclear medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Monika Łyczko
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology , Warsaw , Poland
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36
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Sun L, Gai Y, Li Z, Zhang X, Li J, Ma Y, Li H, Barajas RJ, Zeng D. Development of Dual Receptor Enhanced Pre-Targeting Strategy-A Novel Promising Technology for Immuno-Positron Emission Tomography Imaging. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2021; 4:2100110. [PMID: 35309962 PMCID: PMC8932640 DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202100110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PET imaging has become an important diagnostic tool in the era of precise medicine. Various pre-targeting systems have been reported to address limitations associated with traditional immuno-PET. However, the application of these mono-receptor based pre-targeting (MRPT) strategies is limited to non-internalizable antibodies, and the tumor uptake is usually much lower than that in the corresponding immuno-PET. To circumvent these limitations, we develop the first Dual-Receptor Pre-Targeting (DRPT) system through entrapping the tumor-receptor-specific radioligand by the pre-administered antibody. Besides the similar ligation pathway happens in MRPT, incorporation of a tumor-receptor-specific peptide into the radioligand in DRPT enhances both concentration and retention of the radioligand on tumor, promoting its ligation with pre-administered mAb on cell-surface and/or internalized into tumor-cells. In this study, 64Cu based DRPT shows superior performance over corresponding MRPT and immuno-PET using internalizable antibodies. Besides, the compatibility of DRPT with short-lived and generator-produced 68Ga is demonstrated, leveraging its advantage in reducing radio-dose exposure. Furthermore, the feasibility of reducing the amount of the pre-administered antibody is confirmed, indicating the cost saving potential of DRPT. In summary, synergizing advantages of dual-receptor targeting and pre-targeting, we expect that this DRPT strategy can become a breakthrough technology in the field of antibody-based molecular imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyi Sun
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh 15213, USA; Center of Radiochemistry Research, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland 97239, USA
| | - Yongkang Gai
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh 15213, USA
| | - Zhonghan Li
- Center of Radiochemistry Research, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland 97239, USA
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh 15213, USA
| | - Jianchun Li
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh 15213, USA
| | - Yongyong Ma
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh 15213, USA
| | - Huiqiang Li
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh 15213, USA
| | - Ramon J Barajas
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland 97239, USA; Advanced Imaging Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland 97239, USA; Translational Oncology Research Program, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland 97239, USA
| | - Dexing Zeng
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh 15213, USA; Center of Radiochemistry Research, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland 97239, USA; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland 97239, USA
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George KJH, Borjian S, Cross MC, Hicks JW, Schaffer P, Kovacs MS. Expanding the PET radioisotope universe utilizing solid targets on small medical cyclotrons. RSC Adv 2021; 11:31098-31123. [PMID: 35498914 PMCID: PMC9041346 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04480j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular imaging with medical radioisotopes enables the minimally-invasive monitoring of aberrant biochemical, cellular and tissue-level processes in living subjects. The approach requires the administration of radiotracers composed of radioisotopes attached to bioactive molecules, the pairing of which considers several aspects of the radioisotope in addition to the biological behavior of the targeting molecule to which it is attached. With the advent of modern cellular and biochemical techniques, there has been a virtual explosion in potential disease recognition antigens as well as targeting moieties, which has subsequently opened new applications for a host of emerging radioisotopes with well-matched properties. Additionally, the global radioisotope production landscape has changed rapidly, with reactor-based production and its long-defined, large-scale centralized manufacturing and distribution paradigm shifting to include the manufacture and distribution of many radioisotopes via a worldwide fleet of cyclotrons now in operation. Cyclotron-based radioisotope production has become more prevalent given the commercial availability of instruments, coupled with the introduction of new target hardware, process automation and target manufacturing methods. These advances enable sustained, higher-power irradiation of solid targets that allow hospital-based radiopharmacies to produce a suite of radioisotopes that drive research, clinical trials, and ultimately clinical care. Over the years, several different radioisotopes have been investigated and/or selected for radiolabeling due to favorable decay characteristics (i.e. a suitable half-life, high probability of positron decay, etc.), well-elucidated chemistry, and a feasible production framework. However, longer-lived radioisotopes have surged in popularity given recent regulatory approvals and incorporation of radiopharmaceuticals into patient management within the medical community. This review focuses on the applications, nuclear properties, and production and purification methods for some of the most frequently used/emerging positron-emitting, solid-target-produced radioisotopes that can be manufactured using small-to-medium size cyclotrons (≤24 MeV).
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Affiliation(s)
- K J H George
- Lawson Health Research Institute 268 Grosvenor Street London ON N6A 4V2 Canada
- Medical Biophysics, Western University 1151 Richmond Street N. London ON N6A 5C1 Canada
| | - S Borjian
- ARTMS 301-4475 Wayburn Drive Burnaby BC V5G 4X4 Canada
| | - M C Cross
- ARTMS 301-4475 Wayburn Drive Burnaby BC V5G 4X4 Canada
| | - J W Hicks
- Lawson Health Research Institute 268 Grosvenor Street London ON N6A 4V2 Canada
- Medical Biophysics, Western University 1151 Richmond Street N. London ON N6A 5C1 Canada
| | - P Schaffer
- Life Sciences, TRIUMF 4004 Wesbrook Mall Vancouver BC V6T 2A3 Canada
- ARTMS 301-4475 Wayburn Drive Burnaby BC V5G 4X4 Canada
- Radiology, University of British Columbia 2775 Laurel St Vancouver BC V5Z 1M9 Canada
- Chemistry, Simon Fraser University 8888 University Dr Burnaby BC V5A 1S6 Canada
| | - M S Kovacs
- Lawson Health Research Institute 268 Grosvenor Street London ON N6A 4V2 Canada
- Medical Biophysics, Western University 1151 Richmond Street N. London ON N6A 5C1 Canada
- Medical Imaging, Western University 1151 Richmond Street N. London ON N6A 5C1 Canada
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Misslinger M, Petrik M, Pfister J, Hubmann I, Bendova K, Decristoforo C, Haas H. Desferrioxamine B-Mediated Pre-Clinical In Vivo Imaging of Infection by the Mold Fungus Aspergillus fumigatus. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:734. [PMID: 34575772 PMCID: PMC8472378 DOI: 10.3390/jof7090734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal infections are a serious threat, especially for immunocompromised patients. Early and reliable diagnosis is crucial to treat such infections. The bacterially produced siderophore desferrioxamine B (DFO-B) is utilized by a variety of microorganisms for iron acquisition, while mammalian cells lack the uptake of DFO-B chelates. DFO-B is clinically approved for a variety of long-term chelation therapies. Recently, DFO-B-complexed gallium-68 ([68Ga]Ga-DFO-B) was shown to enable molecular imaging of bacterial infections by positron emission tomography (PET). Here, we demonstrate that [68Ga]Ga-DFO-B can also be used for the preclinical molecular imaging of pulmonary infection caused by the fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus in a rat aspergillosis model. Moreover, by combining in vitro uptake studies and the chemical modification of DFO-B, we show that the cellular transport efficacy of ferrioxamine-type siderophores is impacted by the charge of the molecule and, consequently, the environmental pH. The chemical derivatization has potential implications for its diagnostic use and characterizes transport features of ferrioxamine-type siderophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Misslinger
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
| | - Milos Petrik
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (M.P.); (K.B.)
| | - Joachim Pfister
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (J.P.); (I.H.)
| | - Isabella Hubmann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (J.P.); (I.H.)
| | - Katerina Bendova
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (M.P.); (K.B.)
| | - Clemens Decristoforo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (J.P.); (I.H.)
| | - Hubertus Haas
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
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Alluri SR, Higashi Y, Kil KE. PET Imaging Radiotracers of Chemokine Receptors. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175174. [PMID: 34500609 PMCID: PMC8434599 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines and chemokine receptors have been recognized as critical signal components that maintain the physiological functions of various cells, particularly the immune cells. The signals of chemokines/chemokine receptors guide various leukocytes to respond to inflammatory reactions and infectious agents. Many chemokine receptors play supportive roles in the differentiation, proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis of diverse tumor cells. In addition, the signaling functions of a few chemokine receptors are associated with cardiac, pulmonary, and brain disorders. Over the years, numerous promising molecules ranging from small molecules to short peptides and antibodies have been developed to study the role of chemokine receptors in healthy states and diseased states. These drug-like candidates are in turn exploited as radiolabeled probes for the imaging of chemokine receptors using noninvasive in vivo imaging, such as positron emission tomography (PET). Recent advances in the development of radiotracers for various chemokine receptors, particularly of CXCR4, CCR2, and CCR5, shed new light on chemokine-related cancer and cardiovascular research and the subsequent drug development. Here, we present the recent progress in PET radiotracer development for imaging of various chemokine receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh R. Alluri
- University of Missouri Research Reactor, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;
| | - Yusuke Higashi
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
| | - Kun-Eek Kil
- University of Missouri Research Reactor, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(573)-884-7885
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40
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Design, Synthesis, and Cytotoxicity Assessment of [ 64Cu]Cu-NOTA-Terpyridine Platinum Conjugate: A Novel Chemoradiotherapeutic Agent with Flexible Linker. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11092154. [PMID: 34578470 PMCID: PMC8469169 DOI: 10.3390/nano11092154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Maximum benefits of chemoradiation therapy with platinum-based compounds are expected if the radiation and the drug are localized simultaneously in cancer cells. To optimize this concomitant effect, we developed the novel chemoradiotherapeutic agent [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-C3-TP by conjugating, via a short flexible alkyl chain spacer (C3), a terpyridine platinum (TP) moiety to a NOTA chelator complexed with copper-64 (64Cu). The decay of 64Cu produces numerous low-energy electrons, enabling the 64Cu-conjugate to deliver radiation energy close to TP, which intercalates into G-quadruplex DNA. Accordingly, the in vitro internalization kinetic and the cytotoxic activity of [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-C3-TP and its derivatives were investigated with colorectal cancer (HCT116) and normal human fibroblast (GM05757) cells. Radiolabeling by 64Cu results in a >55,000-fold increase of cytotoxic potential relative to [NatCu]Cu-NOTA-C3-TP at 72 h post administration, indicating a large additive effect between 64Cu and the TP drug. The internalization and nucleus accumulation of [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-C3-TP in the HCT116 cells were, respectively, 3.1 and 6.0 times higher than that for GM05757 normal human fibroblasts, which is supportive of the higher efficiency of the [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-C3-TP for HCT116 cancer cells. This work presents the first proof-of-concept study showing the potential use of the [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-C3-TP conjugate as a targeted chemoradiotherapeutic agent to treat colorectal cancer.
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A Humanized Anti-GPC3 Antibody for Immuno-Positron Emission Tomography Imaging of Orthotopic Mouse Model of Patient-Derived Hepatocellular Carcinoma Xenografts. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13163977. [PMID: 34439132 PMCID: PMC8391944 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13163977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Liver cancer, the majority of which is hepatocellular carcinoma, is a typically fatal adult liver malignancy. It is hard to detect in the early stages of the cancer, and therefore patients are often diagnosed at the advanced stages, when treatment options become more limited and survival outcomes are poor. To improve early detection, and therefore treatment and prognosis of liver cancer patients, we have developed an imaging probe for positron emission tomography, targeting a protein, glypican-3, which is specifically expressed at high levels in liver cancer cells. Our probe consists of the 89Zr radioisotope conjugated to a humanized monoclonal antibody against glypican-3, and it demonstrates specific ability to detect patient-derived liver cancer xenografts in a mouse model. With a high tumor to normal liver contrast, we believe this imaging probe can provide a useful tool in the early diagnosis and timely medical intervention for liver cancer patients. Abstract Glypican-3 (GPC3) is an attractive diagnostic marker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We previously reported the potential of an 89Zr-labeled murine anti-GPC3 antibody (clone 1G12) for immunoPET imaging of HCC in orthotopic patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse models. We now humanized the murine antibody by complementarity determining region (CDR) grafting, to allow its clinical translation for human use. The engineered humanized anti-GPC3 antibody, clone H3K3, retained comparable binding affinity and specificity to human GPC3. H3K3 was conjugated with desferrioxamine (Df) and radiolabeled with 89Zr to produce the PET/CT tracer 89Zr-Df-H3K3. When injected into GPC3-expressing orthotopic HCC PDX in NOD SCID Gamma (NSG) mice, 89Zr-Df-H3K3 showed specific high uptake into the orthotopic PDX and minimal, non-specific uptake into the non-tumor bearing liver. Specificity was demonstrated by significantly higher uptake of 89Zr-Df-H3K3 into the non-blocked PDX mice, compared with the blocked PDX mice (which received prior injection of 100 mg of unlabeled H3K3). Region of interest (ROI) analysis showed that the PDX/non-tumor liver ratio was highest (mean ± SD: 3.4 ± 0.31) at 168 h post injection; this ratio was consistent with biodistribution studies at the same time point. Thus, our humanized anti-GPC3 antibody, H3K3, shows encouraging potential for use as an immunoPET tracer for diagnostic imaging of HCC patients.
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Doi H, Goto M, Sato Y. Pd
0
‐Mediated Cross‐Coupling of [
11
C]Methyl Iodide with Carboxysilane for Synthesis of [
11
C]Acetic Acid and its Active Esters:
11
C‐Acetylation of Small, Medium, and Large Molecules. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Doi
- Laboratory for Labeling Chemistry RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research 6-7-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku Kobe Hyogo 650-0047 Japan
| | - Miki Goto
- Laboratory for Labeling Chemistry RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research 6-7-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku Kobe Hyogo 650-0047 Japan
| | - Yuzuru Sato
- Laboratory for Labeling Chemistry RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research 6-7-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku Kobe Hyogo 650-0047 Japan
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A A, Fletcher NL, Houston ZH, Thurecht KJ, Grøndahl L. Evaluation of the in vivo fate of ultrapure alginate in a BALB/c mouse model. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 262:117947. [PMID: 33838824 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The linear anionic polysaccharide alginate (ALG) has been comprehensively studied for biomedical applications, yet thus far the in vivo fate of this polymer has not been explored in detail. The current study therefore evaluates the biodistribution of ultrapure ALG (M/G ratio ≥ 0.67 with a measured Mw of 530 kg/mol and polydispersity index; PDI of 1.49) over a 14-day period in BALB/c mice. The biodistribution pattern over 2-days after sample administration using PET imaging with 64Cu-labelled ALG showed liver and spleen uptake. This was confirmed by the 14-day biodistribution profile of cyanine 5-labelled ALG from in vivo and ex vivo fluorescence imaging. Using MacGreen mice confirmed the uptake of the ALG by macrophages in the spleen at the 2-day time point. This extended biodistribution study confirmed the clearance of only a portion of the administered ALG biopolymer, but also uptake by macrophage populations in the spleen over a 14-day period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anitha A
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Nicholas L Fletcher
- Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia; Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology and ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Zachary H Houston
- Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia; Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology and ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Kristofer J Thurecht
- Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia; Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology and ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Lisbeth Grøndahl
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia; Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
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Kim GG, Jang HM, Park SB, So JS, Kim SW. Synthesis of Zr-89-Labeled Folic Acid-Conjugated Silica (SiO 2) Microwire as a Tumor Diagnostics Carrier for Positron Emission Tomography. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14123226. [PMID: 34207994 PMCID: PMC8230661 DOI: 10.3390/ma14123226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the in vivo behavior and accumulation of silica particles in the form of wires, which were actively studied as drug carriers along with spheres, using positron emission tomography (PET). Wire-shaped silicon dioxide (SiO2) was synthesized at micro-size, using anodic aluminum oxide (AAO), a template, and folic acid (FA), which specifically binds folate receptors (FR) which are overexpressed in many cancers, and which was bound to the wire’s surface to confirm its possible use as a cancer diagnostic agent. In addition, for evaluation using PET, the positron-emitting nuclide 89Zr (t1/2 = 3.3 days) was directly bonded to the hydroxyl group (-OH) on the particle surface. The diameter and shape of the synthesized silica microwires (SMWs) were confirmed using SEM and TEM, the chemical bonding of FA was confirmed through FT–IR and NMR, and the labeling of 89Zr was measured by means of radio-thin-layer chromatography (TLC) measurement. Folic acid-conjugated SMWs (FA-SMWs) were found to have a low receptor-mediated uptake in cell internalization evaluation, but in PET studies, FA-SMWs stayed longer at the tumor site. In conclusion, we successfully synthesized a homogeneous silica microwire for drug delivery, we confirmed that the FA-conjugated sample remains at the tumor site for a relatively longer time, and we have reported the characteristic in vivo behavior of 89Zr-FA-SMWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gun Gyun Kim
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Korea; (G.G.K.); (H.M.J.)
| | - Hye Min Jang
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Korea; (G.G.K.); (H.M.J.)
| | - Sung Bum Park
- Department of Safety Engineering, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Korea;
| | - Jae-Seon So
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-S.S.); (S.W.K.); Tel.: +82-54-770-2491 (J.-S.S.); +82-54-770-2216 (S.W.K.)
| | - Sang Wook Kim
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Korea; (G.G.K.); (H.M.J.)
- Correspondence: (J.-S.S.); (S.W.K.); Tel.: +82-54-770-2491 (J.-S.S.); +82-54-770-2216 (S.W.K.)
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Schütz MB, Renner AM, Ilyas S, Lê K, Guliyev M, Krapf P, Neumaier B, Mathur S. 18F-Labeled magnetic nanovectors for bimodal cellular imaging. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:4717-4727. [PMID: 34032225 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00616a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Surface modification of nanocarriers enables selective attachment to specific molecular targets within a complex biological environment. Besides the enhanced uptake due to specific interactions, the surface ligands can be utilized for radiolabeling applications for bimodal imaging ensured by positron emission topography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) functions in one source. Herein, we describe the surface functionalization of magnetite (Fe3O4) with folic acid as a target vector. Additionally, the magnetic nanocarriers were conjugated with appropriate ligands for subsequent copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition or carbodiimide coupling reactions to successfully achieve radiolabeling with the PET-emitter 18F. The phase composition (XRD) and size analysis (TEM) confirmed the formation of Fe3O4 nanoparticles (6.82 nm ± 0.52 nm). The quantification of various surface functionalities was performed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and ultraviolet-visible microscopy (UV-Vis). An innovative magnetic-HPLC method was developed in this work for the determination of the radiochemical yield of the 18F-labeled NPs. The as-prepared Fe3O4 particles demonstrated high radiochemical yields and showed high cellular uptake in a folate receptor overexpressing MCF-7 cell line, validating bimodal imaging chemical design and a magnetic HPLC system. This novel approach, combining folic acid-capped Fe3O4 nanocarriers as a targeting vector with 18F labeling, is promising to apply this probe for bimodal PET/MR-studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus B Schütz
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, D-50939 Cologne, Germany.
| | - Alexander M Renner
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, D-50939 Cologne, Germany.
| | - Shaista Ilyas
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, D-50939 Cologne, Germany.
| | - Khan Lê
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, D-50939 Cologne, Germany.
| | - Mehrab Guliyev
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine-Nuclear Chemistry (INM-5), Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Philipp Krapf
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine-Nuclear Chemistry (INM-5), Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Bernd Neumaier
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine-Nuclear Chemistry (INM-5), Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Sanjay Mathur
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, D-50939 Cologne, Germany.
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Siddiqui NA, Houson HA, Kamble NS, Blanco JR, O'Donnell RE, Hassett DJ, Lapi SE, Kotagiri N. Leveraging copper import by yersiniabactin siderophore system for targeted PET imaging of bacteria. JCI Insight 2021; 6:144880. [PMID: 34027898 PMCID: PMC8262292 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.144880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an emerging need for accurate and rapid identification of bacteria in the human body to achieve diverse biomedical objectives. Copper homeostasis is vital for the survival of bacterial species owing to the roles of the metal as a nutrient, respiratory enzyme cofactor, and a toxin. Here, we report the development of a copper-64–labeled bacterial metal chelator, yersiniabactin, to exploit a highly conserved metal acquisition pathway for noninvasive and selective imaging of bacteria. Compared with traditional techniques used to manufacture probes, our strategy simplifies the process considerably by combining the function of metal attachment and cell recognition to the same molecule. We demonstrate, for the first time to our knowledge, how a copper-64 PET probe can be used to identify specific bacterial populations, monitor antibiotic treatment outcomes, and track bacteria in diverse niches in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil A Siddiqui
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Hailey A Houson
- Division of Advanced Medical Imaging Research, Department of Radiology and Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Nitin S Kamble
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Jose R Blanco
- Division of Advanced Medical Imaging Research, Department of Radiology and Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Robert E O'Donnell
- Department of Internal Medicine, Heart, Lung and Vascular Institute, and
| | - Daniel J Hassett
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Suzanne E Lapi
- Division of Advanced Medical Imaging Research, Department of Radiology and Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Nalinikanth Kotagiri
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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47
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White JM, Escorcia FE, Viola NT. Perspectives on metals-based radioimmunotherapy (RIT): moving forward. Theranostics 2021; 11:6293-6314. [PMID: 33995659 PMCID: PMC8120204 DOI: 10.7150/thno.57177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) is FDA-approved for the clinical management of liquid malignancies, however, its use for solid malignancies remains a challenge. The putative benefit of RIT lies in selective targeting of antigens expressed on the tumor surface using monoclonal antibodies, to systemically deliver cytotoxic radionuclides. The past several decades yielded dramatic improvements in the quality, quantity, recent commercial availability of alpha-, beta- and Auger Electron-emitting therapeutic radiometals. Investigators have created new or improved existing bifunctional chelators. These bifunctional chelators bind radiometals and can be coupled to antigen-specific antibodies. In this review, we discuss approaches to develop radiometal-based RITs, including the selection of radiometals, chelators and antibody platforms (i.e. full-length, F(ab')2, Fab, minibodies, diabodies, scFv-Fc and nanobodies). We cite examples of the performance of RIT in the clinic, describe challenges to its implementation, and offer insights to address gaps toward translation.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/metabolism
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/therapeutic use
- Chelating Agents/administration & dosage
- Chelating Agents/metabolism
- Click Chemistry
- Clinical Trials as Topic
- Dose Fractionation, Radiation
- Drug Delivery Systems
- Forecasting
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments/administration & dosage
- Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments/therapeutic use
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/radiotherapy
- Mice
- Molecular Targeted Therapy
- Neoplasm Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Neoplasms, Experimental/diagnostic imaging
- Neoplasms, Experimental/radiotherapy
- Organ Specificity
- Precision Medicine
- Radiation Tolerance
- Radioimmunotherapy/methods
- Radiopharmaceuticals/administration & dosage
- Radiopharmaceuticals/therapeutic use
- Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Single-Chain Antibodies/administration & dosage
- Single-Chain Antibodies/therapeutic use
- Single-Domain Antibodies/administration & dosage
- Single-Domain Antibodies/therapeutic use
- Yttrium Radioisotopes/administration & dosage
- Yttrium Radioisotopes/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan M. White
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI 48201
| | - Freddy E. Escorcia
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20814
| | - Nerissa T. Viola
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI 48201
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48
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Luo D, Wang X, Burda C, Basilion JP. Recent Development of Gold Nanoparticles as Contrast Agents for Cancer Diagnosis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13081825. [PMID: 33920453 PMCID: PMC8069007 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The development of nanotechnology has brought revolution to the diagnosis and therapy of diseases, with a high precision and efficacy. Because nanoparticles can integrate multifunctions together including imaging, targeting, and therapeutics, they are more efficient than the standalone diagnostic or therapeutic entities. Among which, gold nanoparticles are most extensively investigated due to their excellent biocompatibility, versatility and ease of functionalization. Excepting the using of gold nanoparticles as vehicles for therapeutics delivery, they are also good candidates as contrast agents for imaging diagnosis, from magnetic resonance imaging, CT and nuclear imaging, fluorescence imaging, photoacoustic imaging to X-ray fluorescence imaging. We summarize their recent applications in these imaging modalities and challenges for their clinical translation. Abstract The last decade has witnessed the booming of preclinical studies of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in biomedical applications, from therapeutics delivery, imaging diagnostics, to cancer therapies. The synthetic versatility, unique optical and electronic properties, and ease of functionalization make AuNPs an excellent platform for cancer theranostics. This review summarizes the development of AuNPs as contrast agents to image cancers. First, we briefly describe the AuNP synthesis, their physical characteristics, surface functionalization and related biomedical uses. Then we focus on the performances of AuNPs as contrast agents to diagnose cancers, from magnetic resonance imaging, CT and nuclear imaging, fluorescence imaging, photoacoustic imaging to X-ray fluorescence imaging. We compare these imaging modalities and highlight the roles of AuNPs as contrast agents in cancer diagnosis accordingly, and address the challenges for their clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Luo
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
| | - Xinning Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
| | - Clemens Burda
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Correspondence: (C.B.); (J.P.B.); Tel.: +1-216-368-5918 (C.B.); +1-216-983-3246 (J.P.B.)
| | - James P. Basilion
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
- Correspondence: (C.B.); (J.P.B.); Tel.: +1-216-368-5918 (C.B.); +1-216-983-3246 (J.P.B.)
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49
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Advances in Development of Radiometal Labeled Amino Acid-Based Compounds for Cancer Imaging and Diagnostics. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14020167. [PMID: 33669938 PMCID: PMC7924883 DOI: 10.3390/ph14020167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiolabeled biomolecules targeted at tumor-specific enzymes, receptors, and transporters in cancer cells represent an intensively investigated and promising class of molecular tools for the cancer diagnosis and therapy. High specificity of such biomolecules is a prerequisite for the treatment with a lower burden to normal cells and for the effective and targeted imaging and diagnosis. Undoubtedly, early detection is a key factor in efficient dealing with many severe tumor types. This review provides an overview and critical evaluation of novel approaches in the designing of target-specific probes labeled with metal radionuclides for the diagnosis of most common death-causing cancers, published mainly within the last three years. Advances are discussed such traditional peptide radiolabeling approaches, and click and nanoparticle chemistry. The progress of radiolabeled peptide based ligands as potential radiopharmaceuticals is illustrated via novel structure and application studies, showing how the molecular modifications reflect their binding selectivity to significant onco-receptors, toxicity, and, by that, practical utilization. The most impressive outputs in categories of newly developed structures, as well as imaging and diagnosis approaches, and the most intensively studied oncological diseases in this context, are emphasized in order to show future perspectives of radiometal labeled amino acid-based compounds in nuclear medicine.
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50
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Knighton RC, Troadec T, Mazan V, Le Saëc P, Marionneau-Lambot S, Le Bihan T, Saffon-Merceron N, Le Bris N, Chérel M, Faivre-Chauvet A, Elhabiri M, Charbonnière LJ, Tripier R. Cyclam-Based Chelators Bearing Phosphonated Pyridine Pendants for 64Cu-PET Imaging: Synthesis, Physicochemical Studies, Radiolabeling, and Bioimaging. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:2634-2648. [PMID: 33496592 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Herein we present the preparation of two novel cyclam-based macrocycles (te1pyp and cb-te1pyp), bearing phosphonate-appended pyridine side arms for the coordination of copper(II) ions in the context of 64Cu PET imaging. The two ligands have been prepared through conventional protection-alkylation sequences on cyclam, and their coordination properties have been thoroughly investigated. The corresponding copper complexes have been fully characterized in the solid state (X-ray diffraction analysis) and in solution (EPR and UV-vis spectroscopies). Potentiometric studies combined with spectrometry have also allowed us to determine their thermodynamic stability constants, confirming their high affinity for copper(II) cations. The kinetic inertness of the complexes has been verified by acid-assisted dissociation experiments, enabling their use in 64Cu-PET imaging in mice for the first time. Indeed, the two ligands could be quantitatively radiolabeled under mild conditions, and the resulting 64Cu complexes have demonstrated excellent stability in serum. PET imaging demonstrated a set of features emerging from the combination of picolinates and phosphonate units: high stability in vivo, fast clearance from the body via renal elimination, and most interestingly, very low fixation in the liver. This is in contrast with what was observed for monopicolinate cyclam (te1pa), which had a non-negligible accumulation in the liver, owing probably to its different charge and lipophilicity. These results thus pave the way for the use of such phosphonated pyridine chelators for in vivo 64Cu-PET imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard C Knighton
- Univ. Brest, UMR CNRS 6521, 6 Avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, 29200 Brest, France
| | - Thibault Troadec
- Univ. Brest, UMR CNRS 6521, 6 Avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, 29200 Brest, France
| | - Valérie Mazan
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR 7042-LIMA, Equipe de Chimie Bioorganique et Médicinale, ECPM, 25 rue Becquerel, Strasbourg 67087, France
| | - Patricia Le Saëc
- Université de Nantes, CHRU de Nantes, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes Angers (CRCINA), Unité INSERM 1232-CNRS 6299, 8 quai Moncousu, BP 70721, 44007 Nantes Cedex, France
| | - Séverine Marionneau-Lambot
- Université de Nantes, CHRU de Nantes, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes Angers (CRCINA), Unité INSERM 1232-CNRS 6299, 8 quai Moncousu, BP 70721, 44007 Nantes Cedex, France
| | - Thomas Le Bihan
- Univ. Brest, UMR CNRS 6521, 6 Avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, 29200 Brest, France
| | | | - Nathalie Le Bris
- Univ. Brest, UMR CNRS 6521, 6 Avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, 29200 Brest, France
| | - Michel Chérel
- Université de Nantes, CHRU de Nantes, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes Angers (CRCINA), Unité INSERM 1232-CNRS 6299, 8 quai Moncousu, BP 70721, 44007 Nantes Cedex, France
| | - Alain Faivre-Chauvet
- Université de Nantes, CHRU de Nantes, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes Angers (CRCINA), Unité INSERM 1232-CNRS 6299, 8 quai Moncousu, BP 70721, 44007 Nantes Cedex, France
| | - Mourad Elhabiri
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR 7042-LIMA, Equipe de Chimie Bioorganique et Médicinale, ECPM, 25 rue Becquerel, Strasbourg 67087, France
| | - Loïc J Charbonnière
- UMR 7178, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Université de Strasbourg, ECPM, , 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| | - Raphaël Tripier
- Univ. Brest, UMR CNRS 6521, 6 Avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, 29200 Brest, France
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