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Khan A, Mishra A, Hasan SM, Usmani A, Ubaid M, Khan N, Saidurrahman M. Biological and medicinal application of Cucumis sativus Linn. - review of current status with future possibilities. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 19:843-854. [PMID: 34047145 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2020-0240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The increasing demand for herbal drugs for the human application is causing a growing demand for the cultivation of Medicinal Plants. This demand has developed because of cost-effective, plant-derived products rather than commercially available synthetic drugs. Cucumis sativus Linn. (Ver. Kheera) is a vegetable climber, species belongs to family Cucurbitaceae This species has a wide range of medicinal and biological applications thanks to its richness in carbohydrate, proteins, minerals (calcium, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, zinc) and secondary metabolites like alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, and phenolic compounds These phytoconstituents may be responsible for allied therapeutic application. So, C. sativus possess wider applications for preventing certain ailments. CONTENT The literature in various national and international journals and reports pertaining to the medicinal and nutritional uses were reviewed. The result revealed the current therapeutic applications of C. sativus whole plants other than the nutritional value. C. sativus pharmacological action includes antioxidant, anti-diabetic, UV protectant, hepatoprotective, gastroprotective, anti-helminthic, wound healing, antimicrobial, and anticancer. So, it could be useful for both preventive and additive therapy along with modern medicine for the better management of certain disorders. SUMMARY AND OUTLOOK This review furnishes updated information about the phytoconstituents and their medicinal applications so that it can pose a path for the young researchers to do future findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anayatullah Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Anuradha Mishra
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Syed Misbahul Hasan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Afreen Usmani
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Mohd Ubaid
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Naimuddin Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Mohd Saidurrahman
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
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Antiproliferative, genotoxic activities and quantification of extracts and cucurbitacin B obtained from Luffa operculata (L.) Cogn. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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Nocedo-Mena D, Ríos MY, Ramírez-Cisneros MÁ, González-Maya L, Sánchez-Carranza JN, Camacho-Corona MDR. Metabolomic Profile and Cytotoxic Activity of Cissus incisa Leaves Extracts. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:1389. [PMID: 34371592 PMCID: PMC8309210 DOI: 10.3390/plants10071389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cissus incisa leaves have been traditionally used in Mexican traditional medicine to treat certain cancerous illness. This study explored the metabolomic profile of this species using untargeted technique. Likewise, it determined the cytotoxic activity and interpreted all data by computational tools. The metabolomic profile was developed through UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS for dereplication purposes. MetaboAnalyst database was used in metabolic pathway analysis and the network topological analysis. Hexane, chloroform/methanol, and aqueous extracts were evaluated on HepG2, Hep3B, HeLa, PC3, A549, and MCF7 cancer cell lines and IHH immortalized hepatic cells, using Cell Titer proliferation assay kit. Hexane extract was the most active against Hep3B (IC50 = 27 ± 3 μg/mL), while CHCl3/MeOH extract was the most selective (SI = 2.77) on the same cell line. A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed similar profiles between the extracts, while a Venn diagram revealed 80 coincident metabolites between the bioactive extracts. The sesquiterpenoid and triterpenoid biosynthesis pathway was the most significant identified. The Network Pharmacology (NP) approach revealed several targets for presqualene diphosphate, phytol, stearic acid, δ-tocopherol, ursolic acid and γ-linolenic acid, involved in cellular processes such as apoptosis. This work highlights the integration of untargeted metabolomic profile and cytotoxic activity to explore plant extracts, and the NP approach to interpreting the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyani Nocedo-Mena
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Universidad S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza 66451, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - María Yolanda Ríos
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas-IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico; (M.Y.R.); (M.Á.R.-C.)
| | - M. Ángeles Ramírez-Cisneros
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas-IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico; (M.Y.R.); (M.Á.R.-C.)
| | - Leticia González-Maya
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico; (L.G.-M.); (J.N.S.-C.)
| | - Jessica N. Sánchez-Carranza
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico; (L.G.-M.); (J.N.S.-C.)
| | - María del Rayo Camacho-Corona
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Universidad S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza 66451, Nuevo León, Mexico
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Use of cucurbitacins for lung cancer research and therapy. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2021; 88:1-14. [PMID: 33825035 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-021-04265-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
As the main substance in some traditional Chinese medicines, cucurbitacins have been used to treat hepatitis for decades in China. Currently, the use of cucurbitacins against cancer and other diseases has achieved towering popularity among researchers worldwide, as detailed in this review with summarized tables. Numerous studies have reported the potential tumor-killing activities of cucurbitacins in multiple aspects of human malignancies. Continuous research on its anticancer activity mechanisms also brings a glimmer of light to the treatment of patients with lung cancer. In line with the promising roles of cucurbitacins against cancer, through various molecular signaling pathways, it is justifiable to propose the use of cucurbitacins as a potential mainline chemotherapy before the onset and after the diagnosis of lung cancers. Here, this article mainly summarized the findings about the biological functions and underlying mechanisms of cucurbitacins on lung cancer pathogenesis and treatment. In addition, we also discussed the safety and efficacy of their application for further research and even clinical practice.
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Lin X, Farooqi AA. Cucurbitacin mediated regulation of deregulated oncogenic signaling cascades and non-coding RNAs in different cancers: Spotlight on JAK/STAT, Wnt/β-catenin, mTOR, TRAIL-mediated pathways. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 73:302-309. [PMID: 33152487 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Research over decades has enabled us in developing a better understanding of the multifaceted and heterogeneous nature of cancer. High-throughput technologies have helped the researchers in unraveling of the underlying mechanisms which centrally regulate cancer onset, metastasis and drug resistance. Our rapidly expanding knowledge about signal transduction cascade has added another layer of complexity to already complicated nature of cancer. Deregulation of cell signaling pathways played a linchpin role in carcinogenesis and metastasis. Cucurbitacins have gained tremendous attention because of their remarkable pharmacological properties and considerable ability to mechanistically modulate myriad of cell signaling pathways in different cancers. In this review, we have attempted to provide a mechanistic and comprehensive analysis of regulation of oncogenic pathways by cucurbitacins in different cancers. We have partitioned this review into separate sections for exclusive analysis of each signaling pathway and critical assessment of the knowledge gaps. In this review, we will summarize most recent and landmark developments related to regulation of Wnt/β-catenin, JAK/STAT, mTOR, VEGFR, EGFR and Hippo pathway by cucurbitacins. Moreover, we will also address how cucurbitacins regulate DNA damage repair pathway and TRAIL-driven signaling in various cancers. However, there are still outstanding questions related to regulation of SHH/GLI, TGF/SMAD and Notch-driven pathway by cucurbitacins in different cancers. Future studies must converge on the analysis of full-fledge potential of cucurbitacins by in-depth analysis of these pathways and how these pathways can be therapeutically targeted by cucurbitacins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiukun Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Ammad Ahmad Farooqi
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), Islamabad, Pakistan.
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In vitro antitumor effect of cucurbitacin E on human lung cancer cell line and its molecular mechanism. Chin J Nat Med 2020; 18:483-490. [DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(20)30058-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Drp1-dependent remodeling of mitochondrial morphology triggered by EBV-LMP1 increases cisplatin resistance. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:56. [PMID: 32433544 PMCID: PMC7237430 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-0151-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) is a major Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-encoded oncoprotein involved in latency infection that regulates mitochondrial functions to facilitate cell survival. Recently, mitochondrial fission has been demonstrated as a crucial mechanism in oncovirus-mediated carcinogenesis. Mitochondrial dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1)-mediated mitochondrial fission has an impact on the chemoresistance of cancers. However, the mechanism by which oncogenic stress promotes mitochondrial fission, potentially contributing to tumorigenesis, is not entirely understood. The role of Drp1 in the oncogenesis and prognosis of EBV-LMP1-positive nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) was determined in our study. We show that EBV-LMP1 exhibits a new function in remodeling mitochondrial morphology by activating Drp1. A high level of p-Drp1 (Ser616) or a low level of p-Drp1 (Ser637) correlates with poor overall survival and disease-free survival. Furthermore, the protein level of p-Drp1 (Ser616) is related to the clinical stage (TNM stage) of NPC. Targeting Drp1 impairs mitochondrial function and induces cell death in LMP1-positive NPC cells. In addition, EBV-LMP1 regulates Drp1 through two oncogenic signaling axes, AMPK and cyclin B1/Cdk1, which promote cell survival and cisplatin resistance in NPC. Our findings provide novel insight into the role of EBV-LMP1-driven mitochondrial fission in regulating Drp1 phosphorylation at serine 616 and serine 637. Disruption of Drp1 could be a promising therapeutic strategy for LMP1-positive NPC.
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Si W, Lyu J, Liu Z, Wang C, Huang J, Jiang L, Ma T. Cucurbitacin E inhibits cellular proliferation and enhances the chemo-response in gastric cancer by suppressing AKt activation. J Cancer 2019; 10:5843-5851. [PMID: 31737120 PMCID: PMC6843881 DOI: 10.7150/jca.31303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The incidence and mortality rate of gastric cancer has markedly declined over the past few decades, due to the progress and advances in the development of diagnostic and treatment regimens. However, there is still a large portion of patients who are first diagnosed during the advanced stage of gastric cancer when chemotherapy is needed. Unfortunately, resistance to chemotherapeutic agents is the most frequent occurrence during treatment, which indicates a need for the discovery of novel therapeutic anticancer drugs. Methods: The tumor-suppression effect of eight different cucurbitacins was evaluated in gastric cancer cell lines, and the Cucurbitacin E (CuE) showing the greatest effect was used in further studies to explore the mechanism and potential synergistic effect of Dox both in vitro and in vivo. Results: Compared with other cucurbitacins, CuE showed the greatest antiproliferative activity against the gastric cancer cell lines. Further investigations revealed that CuE suppressed the growth of gastric cancer cell lines through the induction of G2/M arrest and subsequent apoptosis by impairing AKt activation and reducing its expression in gastric cancer cells. Furthermore, our results indicate that CuE can significantly enhance the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin (Dox) both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion: In summary, we present the first evidence of the efficacy of CuE for the inhibition of gastric cancer growth and the synergistic antitumorigenic effect of CuE and Dox, both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhang Si
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University (Shaoxing Municipal Hospital), Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jia Lyu
- Department of Urology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Zhengchuang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310014, China
| | - Chunyang Wang
- Genetron Health (Hangzhou) Medical Laboratory Co. Ltd, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Jingjing Huang
- Genetron Health (Hangzhou) Medical Laboratory Co. Ltd, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Liping Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310014, China
| | - Tonghui Ma
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310014, China
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Hsu PC, Tian B, Yang YL, Wang YC, Liu S, Urisman A, Yang CT, Xu Z, Jablons DM, You L. Cucurbitacin E inhibits the Yes‑associated protein signaling pathway and suppresses brain metastasis of human non‑small cell lung cancer in a murine model. Oncol Rep 2019; 42:697-707. [PMID: 31233205 PMCID: PMC6610039 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is associated with an extremely poor prognosis especially for the 40% of patients who develop brain metastasis, and few treatment strategies exist. Cucurbitacin E (CuE), an oxygenated tetracyclic triterpenoid isolated from plants particularly of the family Cucurbitaceae, has shown anti-tumorigenic properties in several types of cancer, yet the mechanism remains unclear. Yes-associated protein (YAP), a main mediator of the Hippo signaling pathway, promotes tumorigenesis, drug resistance and metastasis in human NSCLC. The present study was designed to ascertain whether CuE inhibits YAP and its downstream gene expression in the human NSCLC cell lines H2030-BrM3 (K-rasG12C mutation) and PC9-BrM3 (EGFRΔexon19 mutation), which have high potential for brain metastasis. The efficacy of CuE in suppressing brain metastasis of H2030-BrM3 cells in a murine model was also investigated. It was found that after CuE treatment in H2030-BrM3 and PC9-BrM3 cells, YAP protein expression was decreased, and YAP signaling GTIIC reporter activity and expression of the downstream genes CTGF and CYR61 were significantly (P<0.01) decreased. CuE treatment also reduced the migration and invasion abilities of the H2030-BrM3 and PC9-BrM3 cells. Finally, our in vivo study showed that CuE treatment (0.2 mg/kg) suppressed H2030-BrM3 cell brain metastasis and that mice treated with CuE survived longer than the control mice treated with 10% DMSO (P=0.02). The present study is the first to demonstrate that CuE treatment inhibits YAP and the signaling downstream gene expression in human NSCLC in vitro, and suppresses brain metastasis of NSCLC in a murine model. More studies to verify the promising efficacy of CuE in inhibiting brain metastasis of NSCLC and various other cancers may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Chih Hsu
- Department of Surgery, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA
| | - Bo Tian
- Department of Surgery, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA
| | - Yi-Lin Yang
- Department of Surgery, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA
| | - Yu-Cheng Wang
- Department of Surgery, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA
| | - Shu Liu
- Department of Surgery, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA
| | - Anatoly Urisman
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA
| | - Cheng-Ta Yang
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Zhidong Xu
- Department of Surgery, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA
| | - David M Jablons
- Department of Surgery, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA
| | - Liang You
- Department of Surgery, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA
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Cheng AC, Hsu YC, Tsai CC. The effects of cucurbitacin E on GADD45β-trigger G2/M arrest and JNK-independent pathway in brain cancer cells. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:3512-3519. [PMID: 30912292 PMCID: PMC6484297 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cucurbitacin E (CuE), an active compound of the cucurbitacin family, possesses a variety of pharmacological functions and chemotherapy potential. Cucurbitacin E exhibits inhibitory effects in several types of cancer; however, its anticancer effects on brain cancer remain obscure and require further interpretation. In this study, efforts were initiated to inspect whether CuE can contribute to anti-proliferation in human brain malignant glioma GBM 8401 cells and glioblastoma-astrocytoma U-87-MG cells. An MTT assay measured CuE's inhibitory effect on the growth of glioblastomas (GBMs). A flow cytometry approach was used for the assessment of DNA content and cell cycle analysis. DNA damage 45β (GADD45β) gene expression and CDC2/cyclin-B1 disassociation were investigated by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot analysis. Based on our results, CuE showed growth-inhibiting effects on GBM 8401 and U-87-MG cells. Moreover, GADD45β caused the accumulation of CuE-treated G2/M-phase cells. The disassociation of the CDC2/cyclin-B1 complex demonstrated the known effects of CuE against GBM 8401 and U-87-MG cancer cells. Additionally, CuE may also exert antitumour activities in established brain cancer cells. In conclusion, CuE inhibited cell proliferation and induced mitosis delay in cancer cells, suggesting its potential applicability as an antitumour agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Chin Cheng
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chiang Hsu
- Department of Medical Sciences Industry, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chiang-Chin Tsai
- Department of General Surgery, Tainan Sin Lau Hospital, The Presbyterian Church in Taiwan, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Health Care Administration, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Wang Z, Zhu W, Gao M, Wu C, Yang C, Yang J, Wu G, Yang B, Kuang H. Simultaneous determination of cucurbitacin B and cucurbitacin E in rat plasma by UHPLC-MS/MS: A pharmacokinetics study after oral administration of cucurbitacin tablets. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1065-1066:63-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Kim B, Song TY, Jung KY, Kim SG, Cho EJ. Direct interaction of menin leads to ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation of β-catenin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 492:128-134. [PMID: 28782520 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Menin, encoded by the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) gene, is a tumor suppressor and transcription regulator. Menin interacts with various proteins as a scaffold protein and is proposed to play important roles in multiple physiological and pathological processes by controlling gene expression, proliferation, and apoptosis. The mechanisms underlying menin's suppression of tumorigenesis are largely elusive. In this study, we showed that menin was essential for the regulation of canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling in cultured cells. The C-terminal domain of menin was able to directly interact with and promote ubiquitin-mediated degradation of β-catenin. We further revealed that overexpression of menin down-regulated the transcriptional activity of β-catenin and target gene expression. Moreover, menin efficiently inhibited β-catenin protein levels, transcriptional activity, and proliferation of human renal carcinoma cells with an activated β-catenin pathway. Taken together, our results provide novel molecular insights into the tumor suppressor activity of menin, which is partly mediated by proteasomal degradation of β-catenin and inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byungho Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, South Korea; C&C Research Laboratories, Discovery Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, South Korea
| | - Tae-Yang Song
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, South Korea
| | - Kwan Young Jung
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, South Korea
| | - Seul Gi Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, South Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Cho
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, South Korea.
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Murtaza M, Khan G, Aftab MF, Afridi SK, Ghaffar S, Ahmed A, Hafizur RM, Waraich RS. Cucurbitacin E reduces obesity and related metabolic dysfunction in mice by targeting JAK-STAT5 signaling pathway. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178910. [PMID: 28598969 PMCID: PMC5466318 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Several members of cucurbitaceae family have been reported to regulate growth of cancer by interfering with STAT3 signaling. In the present study, we investigated the unique role and molecular mechanism of cucurbitacins (Cucs) in reducing symptoms of metabolic syndrome in mice. Cucurbitacin E (CuE) was found to reduce adipogenesis in murine adipocytes. CuE treatment diminished hypertrophy of adipocytes, visceral obesity and lipogenesis gene expression in diet induced mice model of metabolic syndrome (MetS). CuE also ameliorated adipose tissue dysfunction by reducing hyperleptinemia and TNF-alpha levels and enhancing hypoadiponectinemia. Results show that CuE mediated these effects by attenuating Jenus kinase- Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (JAK- STAT5) signaling in visceral fat tissue. As a result, CuE treatment also reduced PPAR gamma expression. Glucose uptake enhanced in adipocytes after stimulation with CuE and insulin resistance diminished in mice treated with CuE, as reflected by reduced glucose intolerance and glucose stimulated insulin secretion. CuE restored insulin sensitivity indirectly by inhibiting JAK phosphorylation and improving AMPK activity. Consequently, insulin signaling was up-regulated in mice muscle. As CuE positively regulated adipose tissue function and suppressed visceral obesity, dyslipedemia, hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in mice model of MetS, we suggest that CuE can be used as novel approach to treat metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munazza Murtaza
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Gulnaz Khan
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Meha Fatima Aftab
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Shabbir Khan Afridi
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Safina Ghaffar
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ayaz Ahmed
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Rahman M Hafizur
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Rizwana Sanaullah Waraich
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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Cytotoxic effects of natural and semisynthetic cucurbitacins on lung cancer cell line A549. Invest New Drugs 2016; 34:139-48. [DOI: 10.1007/s10637-015-0317-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Wang L, Li C, Lin Q, Zhang X, Pan H, Xu L, Shi Z, Ouyang D, He X. Cucurbitacin E suppresses cytokine expression in human Jurkat T cells through down-regulating the NF-κB signaling. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2015; 47:459-65. [PMID: 25921411 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmv030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cucurbitacin E (CucE), a triterpenoid isolated from Cucurbitaceae plants, has been shown to possess an anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressive activity in vitro and in vivo, yet the underlying mechanism has been incompletely understood. The aim of the present study was to explore its effect on cytokine expression and the underlying mechanism in human Jurkat T cells as a cellular model. The results showed that CucE significantly inhibited the production of interleukin-2, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interferon-γ in culture medium of cells treated with phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDB) plus ionomycin (Ion). Furthermore, the mRNA levels of these cytokines in activated Jurkat T cells were also decreased upon CucE treatment, suggesting a potential modulatory effect on the critical signaling pathways for cytokine expression, including nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) or mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). In support of its effect on the NF-κB signaling pathway, CucE decreased the phosphorylation levels of inhibitor of κB (IκB) and NF-κB/p65 in PDB + Ion-stimulated cells. Further supporting this, the nuclear translocation of NF-κB/p65 was significantly suppressed in response to PDB plus Ion stimulation in the presence of CucE. The phosphorylation of p38MAPK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and Erk1/2, however, was not decreased or slightly increased at some time points by CucE treatment. Collectively, these data suggest that CucE may exhibit immunosuppressive effect by attenuating critical cytokine expression through down-regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixian Wang
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China Key Laboratory of Physical and Training Adapted Control System, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Sports Science, Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Chenguang Li
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qiuru Lin
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hao Pan
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Lihui Xu
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zijian Shi
- Department of Fetal Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Dongyun Ouyang
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xianhui He
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Chung SO, Kim YJ, Park SU. An updated review of Cucurbitacins and their biological and pharmacological activities. EXCLI JOURNAL 2015; 14:562-6. [PMID: 26648815 PMCID: PMC4669946 DOI: 10.17179/excli2015-283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sun Ok Chung
- Department of Biosystems Machinery Engineering, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
| | - Yong Joo Kim
- Department of Biosystems Machinery Engineering, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
| | - Sang Un Park
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
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17
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Effects of Cucurbitacin E, a Tetracyclic Triterpene Compound fromCucurbitaceae, on the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Warfarin in Rats. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2014; 116:385-9. [DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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