LINC01410/miR-3619-5p/FOXM1 Feedback Loop Regulates Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis

Knockdown of lncRNA SNHG20 Suppressed the Proliferation of Cholangiocarcinoma by Sponging miR-520f-3p

Objective: A large number of studies had found that small nucleolar RNA host gene 20 (SNHG20) was a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) that played important regulatory functions in numerous tumors. Nevertheless, the expression and pathophysiological role of SNHG20 in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) are currently unclear. The objective of this study is to reveal the clinical significance and pathophysiological function of SNHG20 in CCA. Methods: The tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissues of CCA were obtained to determine the expression and clinical significance of SNHG20, and the targets of related genes were predicted through bioinformatics analysis. The function and regulatory mechanism of SNHG20 in CCA were evaluated by transfection, CCK-8 experiment, and luciferase reporter assay. Result: In CCA, SNHG20 was highly expressed. Overexpressed SNHG20 was markedly interrelated with the lymph node invasion and TNM stage. In addition, it could be used as indicator to evaluate the prognosis of patients. SNHG20 sponging miR-520f-3p could accelerate the proliferation of CCA tumor cells. MiR-520f-3p acted as a tumor suppressor in CCA and could also serve as a prognostic indicator. Abolition of miR-520f-3p caused an antagonistic effect and diminished the impacts of SNHG20 knockdown. SNHG20 combined with miR-520f-3p could better predict the prognosis of CCA patients. Conclusion: These data confirmed the knockdown SNHG20 expression in CCA could inhibit the proliferation by means of sponging miR-520f-3p.

Misexpression of LINC01410, FOSL1, and MAFB in peripheral blood mononuclear cells associated with diabetic nephropathy

AIMS

Currently, diabetic nephropathy (DN) is considered the leading cause of the end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, its specific molecular mechanism is still unclear, and there is still a lack of effective diagnostic and therapeutic methods.

METHOD

A pathway was assumed after bioinformatics analysis of GEO datasets related to individuals with various levels of DN, LINC01410, MAFB, and FOSL1. Then, 46 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and different levels of albuminuria, and 12 individuals without diabetes, were selected. qPCR was performed to evaluate gene expression. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's -and linear trend tests were performed to analyze gene expression in different stages of the disease. Moreover, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the correlation between LINC01410, FOSL1, and MAFB were analyzed.

RESULTS

LINC01410, MAFB, and FOSL1 were selected based on bioinformatics analyses. The qPCR results showed that the expression of LINC01410 decreased, and FOSL1 and MAFB increased in micro-and macroalbuminuria groups compared to normoalbuminuria groups (P < 0.05). ROC curves demonstrated a significant diagnostic accuracy of LINC01410, MAFB, and FOSL1 between DN and participants with normoalbuminuria (P < 0.05). Pearson's correlation analysis revealed a positive association between the expressions of FOSL1 and MAFB (p = 0.01, r = 0.39). However, there was no correlation between LINC01410 with MAFB and FOSL1 (p = 0.23 and p = 0.21, respectively).

CONCLUSION

Dysregulation of LINC01410, MAFB, and FOSL1 is related to DN. These results may provide new insights into the role of LINC01410, MAFB, and FOSL1 as potential biomarkers in DN.

Silencing lncRNA LINC01410 suppresses cell viability yet promotes apoptosis and sensitivity to temozolomide in glioblastoma cells by inactivating PTEN/AKT pathway via targeting miR-370-3p

BACKGROUND

Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are involved in glioblastoma (GBM), but the role of long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 01410 (lncRNA LINC01410) is poorly understood.

METHODS

The expression of LINC01410 in GBM tissues and cells was analyzed. After transfection or temozolomide (TMZ) treatment, the cell viability and apoptosis were detected using cell counting kit-8 assay and flow cytometry. The targeting relationship between LINC01410 and microRNA (miR)-370-3p was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Expressions of LINC01410, miR-370-3p and drug resistance- and Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog (PTEN)/AKT pathway-related factors were evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot.

RESULTS

LINC01410 expression was upregulated in GBM, and silencing of LINC01410 decreased cell viability. A slowed decreased trend in cell viability yet an increased half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50 for TMZ) value and increased expressions of drug resistance-related factors as well as LINC01410 were found in TMZ-resistant GBM cells. Silencing of LINC01410 also decreased the IC50 value yet promoted the sensitivity and apoptosis in TMZ-resistant cells, while upregulating the expression of PTEN and downregulating the phosphorylation of AKT. MiR-370-3p could competitively bind to LINC01410 and its expression was decreased in both parental and TMZ-resistant GBM cells. Downregulation of miR-370-3p reversed the effects of LINC01410 silencing on cell viability, apoptosis and the expressions of miR-370-3p and PTEN/AKT pathway-related factors.

CONCLUSION

Silencing of LINC01410 inhibits cell viability yet enhances apoptosis and sensitivity to TMZ in GBM cells by inactivating PTEN/AKT pathway via targeting miR-370-3p.

Hsa_circ_0023990 Promotes Tumor Growth and Glycolysis in Dedifferentiated TC via Targeting miR-485-5p/FOXM1 Axis

BACKGROUND

During the transformation to dedifferentiated thyroid cancer (TC) types, the ability of papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs) to concentrate radioactive iodine might be lost, raising difficulty for the current therapy. circRNAs were proved to be implicated in the progression of various cancers. In this study, we aimed to investigate the functional role and mechanism of hsa_circ_0023990 in dedifferentiated TC.

METHODS

The expression pattern of genes were detected using quantitative PCR or western blot assays. Cell proliferation was determined by CCK8, colony formation, EdU, and cell-cycle assays. Glycolysis was assessed using glucose uptake and lactate production assays. Luciferase reporter assay was performed to examine the interactions between miR-485-5p and hsa_circ_0023990 or FOXM1. Xenograft assay was allowed for observation of tumor growth in vivo.

RESULTS

Hsa_circ_0023990 and FOXM1 were upregulated in dedifferentiated TC tissues and cell lines. The higher level of hsa_circ_0023900 could stimulate the proliferation and glycolysis of dedifferentiated TC cells via positively regulating FOXM1. Mechanistically, miR-485-5p was demonstrated to interact with hsa_circ_0023990 and FOXM1 and involved in the regulation of has_circ_0023990 and FOXM1 in TC biological processes.

CONCLUSION

Our results discovered the functional network of hsa_circ_0023990 in dedifferentiated TC development by facilitating cell proliferation and glycolysis via miR-485-5p/FOXM1 axis, implying that hsa_circ_0023990 might be a potential therapeutic target for the dedifferentiated TC treatment.

Long noncoding RNA LINC01410 promotes tumorigenesis of osteosarcoma cells via miR-497-5p/HMGA2 axis

LINC01410 is a tumor promoter that is upregulated in some cancer types, such as osteosarcoma (OS). Nonetheless, its role in OS and the underlying molecular mechanism have not been fully understood. Hence, we sought to elucidate it. We performed reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction for examining LINC01410, miR-497-5p and HMGA2 levels. Additionally, we carried out the cell counting kit-8 and Transwell assays for detecting cell proliferation and invasion/migration. Bioinformatics predicted that there was a miR-497-5p binding site in LINC01410 or HMGA2; meanwhile, miR-497-5p was found to interact with HMGA2 and LINC01410 through dual-luciferase reporter assay. LINC01410 and HMGA2 were high, and miR-497-5p showed low expression in OS tissues and cells. Cell function assay demonstrated that LINC01410 or HMGA2 knockdown or miR-497-5p overexpression obviously restrained OS proliferation, invasion, and migration. Oppositely, inhibiting miR-497-5p had the opposite effects. Functionally, miR-497-5p bound with LINC01410 3'-untranslated region and HMGA2 was found to be the miR-497-5p target gene. Lastly, LINC01410 enhanced OS cell growth, invasion, and migration via decreasing miR-497-5p expression, whereas increasing that of HMGA2. We have demonstrated that LINC01410 promoted OS development partly by miR-497-5p/HMGA2 signal transduction pathway and this provides a reference for studying the mechanism of LINC01410 in OS.

LINC01410 leads the migration, invasion and EMT of bladder cancer cells by modulating miR-4319 / Snail1

Background

Several previous studies have implied the significance of lncRNA1410 (LINC01410) in gastric cancer, rectal cancer, and cervical cancer. Nevertheless, the potential of LINC01410 in bladder cancer (BC) development has not been addressed.

Methods

The related mechanisms were explored by qRT-PCR analysis, CCK-8 assay, cell transfection assay, Transwell assay, Western Blot analysis, Luciferase reporter assay and RNA pull-down assay.

Results

In the following study, LINC01410, characterized as an oncogene, exhibited high levels of expression in BC tissues as compared to normal tissues and its expression leads to a reduced prognosis of BC. Functional characterization of LINC01410 showed that knocking down LINC01410 could markedly reduce the invasion and proliferation capacity of T24 and 5637 cells. Mechanistically, LINC01410 served as a sponge for miR-4319 and the findings were further attested through luciferase reporter assay. Analysis of miR-4319 demonstrated its low expression in BC tissues as compared to normal tissues and knocking down LINC01410 significantly increased miR-4319. Data obtained from rescue assay discovered that silencing of miR-4319 in T24 and 5637 cells restored the proliferation and invasion capacity of LINC01410.

Conclusions

Taken together, this study is the first report on the oncogenic potential of LINC01410 in BC development by upregulating Snail1 protein and downregulating miR-4319.

Trial registration Retrospectively registered.

Supplementary Information

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-021-02119-z.

Long Non-Coding RNA LINC01410 Promoted Tumor Progression via the ErbB Signaling Pathway by Targeting STAT5 in Gallbladder Cancer

Objectives

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been recently emerging as crucial molecules in multiple human cancers. However, their expression patterns, roles as well as the underlying mechanisms in gallbladder cancer (GBC) remain largely unclear.

Materials and Methods

The expression of lncRNAs in GBC was downloaded from GEO database. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and RNA in situ hybridization (ISH) were used to detect the expression of lncRNAs in GBC tissues. The full-sequence of LINC01410 was determined by RACE assay. Subcellular distribution of LINC01410 was examined by nuclear/cytoplasmic RNA fractionation analysis. Loss- and gain-of-function experiments were conducted to explore the biological functions of LINC01410 in vitro and in vivo. RNA pull-down, RNA immune-precipitation (RIP), and Western blot assay were conducted to investigate the mechanisms underlying the biological function of LINC01410 in GBC.

Results

LINC01410 was significantly upregulated in the GBC tissues compared to adjacent non-tumor tissues. High LINC01410 expression was significantly associated with poor prognosis of GBC patients. We identified LINC01410 to be 2,877 bp in length and mainly localized in the cytoplasm of GBC cells. Overexpression of LINC01410 promoted GBC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and GBC progression in vivo, whereas LINC01410 downregulation rescued these effects in vitro. From RNA pull-down and RIP assay, we identified that STAT5 was a critical downstream target of LINC01410. Furthermore, ErbB signaling pathway was involved in the malignant phenotypes of GBC mediated by LINC01410.

Conclusions

Our results suggested that LINC01410 was an important lncRNA that promoted GBC progression via targeting STAT5 and activating ErbB signaling pathway.

Long Noncoding RNA LINC01410 Suppresses Tumorigenesis and Enhances Radiosensitivity in Neuroblastoma Cells Through Regulating miR-545-3p/HK2 Axis

Background

Abnormal expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) was often involved in tumorigenesis and radiosensitivity of various cancers. The aim of this study was to explore the biological function and regulatory mechanism of lncRNA long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1410 (LINC01410) in tumorigenesis and radiosensitivity of neuroblastoma (NB).

Methods

The expression of LINC01410, microRNA-329-3p (miR-545-3p) and hexokinase 2 (HK2) was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Methylthiazolyldiphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, colony formation assay and transwell assay were utilized to detect cell viability, colony formation and cell invasion abilities. Glucose consumption or lactate production was measured by glucose assay kit or lactate assay kit, respectively. The interaction between miR-545-3p and LINC01410 or HK2 was predicted by starBase v2.0 and verified by dual-luciferase reporter, RNA Immunoprecipitation (RIP) and RNA pull-down assays. Western blot was used to measure the protein expression of HK2. The mice xenograft model was established to investigate the role of LINC01410 in vivo.

Results

LINC01410 and HK2 were highly expressed while miR-545-3p was lowly expressed in NB tissues and cells. LINC01410 knockdown inhibited tumorigenesis by repressing cell proliferation and invasion, and increased the radiosensitivity via inhibiting colony formation rates and glycolysis. LINC01410 knockdown also suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Moreover, miR-545-3p could bind to LINC01410 and its downregulation reversed the effects of LINC01410 knockdown on tumorigenesis and radiosensitivity. Additionally, HK2 was a direct target of miR-545-3p and its overexpression attenuated the effects of miR-545-3p restoration on suppression of tumorigenesis and promotion of radiosensitivity. Besides, LINC01410 functioned as a molecular sponge of miR-545-3p to regulate HK2 expression.

Conclusion

LINC01410 interference inhibited tumorigenesis and increased radiosensitivity via regulating miR-545-3p/HK2 axis, providing a novel therapeutic strategy for NB.

LncRNA LINC01410 Induced by MYC Accelerates Glioma Progression via Sponging miR-506-3p and Modulating NOTCH2 Expression to Motivate Notch Signaling Pathway

Glioma is a common invasive cancer with unfavorable prognosis in patients. Long non-coding RNAs have been reported to participate in modulating diverse cellular processes. Here, we focused on exploring the role of long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1410 (LINC01410) in glioma and its underlying mechanism. The expression levels and protein levels of genes were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis and western blot. Loss-of-function assays were performed to assess the function of LINC01410 in glioma cells. The interactions among MYC, LINC01410, microRNA-506-3p (miR-506-3p) and notch receptor 2 (NOTCH2) were validated through Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), RNA Binding Protein immunoprecipitation (RIP), RNA pull-down and luciferase reporter assays. Our data supported that LINC01410 was up-regulated in glioma cells. Bioinformatics predictions and the integrated experiments identified that MYC activated LINC01410 transcription and LINC01410 promoted the levels of NOTCH2 through sponging miR-506-3p and further motivated Notch signaling pathway. Rescue assays validated that LINC01410 exerted its influential functions on glioma cell proliferation and apoptosis via enhancing NOTCH2 expression. Our studies identified that LINC01410 accelerates the progression of glioma through acting as a ceRNA for miR-506-3p and elevating NOTCH2 expression to further activate the Notch signaling pathway, which indicated that LINC01410 might act as a novel regulator of glioma progression.

FOXM1 and Cancer: Faulty Cellular Signaling Derails Homeostasis

Forkhead box transcription factor, FOXM1 is implicated in several cellular processes such as proliferation, cell cycle progression, cell differentiation, DNA damage repair, tissue homeostasis, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and redox signaling. In addition to being a boon for the normal functioning of a cell, FOXM1 turns out to be a bane by manifesting in several disease scenarios including cancer. It has been given an oncogenic status based on several evidences indicating its role in tumor development and progression. FOXM1 is highly expressed in several cancers and has also been implicated in poor prognosis. A comprehensive understanding of various aspects of this molecule has revealed its role in angiogenesis, invasion, migration, self- renewal and drug resistance. In this review, we attempt to understand various mechanisms underlying FOXM1 gene and protein regulation in cancer including the different signaling pathways, post-transcriptional and post-translational modifications. Identifying crucial molecules associated with these processes can aid in the development of potential pharmacological approaches to curb FOXM1 mediated tumorigenesis.

LINC01410 accelerated the invasion and proliferation of osteosarcoma by sponging miR-3128

Increasing evidence has shown that lncRNAs are closely correlated with cell apoptosis, autophagy and progression. However, the role of LINC01410 in osteosarcoma has not been verified. We determined that LINC01410 was overexpressed in osteosarcoma specimens and cell lines. The expression of LINC01410 was upregulated in 22 osteosarcoma patients (22/30, 73%) compared to control normal samples. Ectopic expression of LINC01410 promoted the osteosarcoma cell cycle, proliferation and invasion. Overexpression of LINC01410 induced N-cadherin and Vimentin expression and inhibited E-cadherin expression in osteosarcoma cells. LINC01410 acted as a sponge for miR-3128. The results showed that miR-3128 overexpression decreased the luciferase activity of WT-LINC01410 but not mut-LINC01410 in MG-63 cells. Upregulation of LINC01410 expression suppressed miR-3128 expression in MG-63 cells. Moreover, LINC01410 overexpression increased osteosarcoma cell invasion and growth by modulating miR-3128. These data indicated that LINC01410 acted as an oncogene in osteosarcomagenesis and might be a potential new strategy for osteosarcoma treatment.

LncRNA NEAT1 Knockdown Inhibits Retinoblastoma Progression by miR-3619-5p/LASP1 Axis

Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common intraocular tumor in childhood. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NTAT1) has been reported to be related to RB progression. This study aims to study the molecular mechanism of NEAT1 in regulating cell cycle, proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion in RB. The expression levels of NEAT1 and miR-3619-5p were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The protein expression of LIM and SH3 domain protein 1 (LASP1) was measured by western blot. The proliferation of RB cells was analyzed by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and cell colony formation assays. Cell migration and invasion were evaluated by transwell assay. Cell cycle and apoptosis were assessed by flow cytometry analysis. The association between miR-3619-5p and NEAT1 or LASP1 was predicted by starBase 3.0 database and identified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. The effects of NEAT1 knockdown on the tumor growth in vivo were detected by in vivo tumor formation assay. NEAT1 expression was dramatically up-regulated, and miR-3619-5p expression was obviously downregulated in RB tissues and cells compared with control groups. The protein level of LASP1 was obviously increased in RB tissues or cells relative to paracancerous normal tissues or cells, respectively. Functionally, NEAT1 silencing inhibited RB cell migration, invasion, and proliferation, whereas induced cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in RB; this phenomenon was partially abolished by miR-3619-5p inhibitor. Mechanistically, NEAT1 acted as a sponge of miR-3619-5p, and miR-3619-5p was associated with LASP1. In addition, NEAT1 knockdown decreased the volume and weight of RB tumor in vivo. Together, NEAT1 silencing repressed cell migration, invasion, and proliferation, whereas induced cell apoptosis and cycle arrest by sponging miR-3619-5p to inhibit LASP1 expression in RB cells. This study may provide a theoretical basis for RB therapy.

Long noncoding RNA LINC01410 promotes the tumorigenesis of neuroblastoma cells by sponging microRNA-506-3p and modulating WEE1

OBJECTIVE

Neuroblastoma (NBL) is an extra-cranial solid tumor in children. This study was attempted to investigate the regulatory mechanism of long noncoding RNA LINC01410 (LINC01410) on NBL.

METHODS

The expression of LINC01410, miR-506-3p, and WEE1 in NBL was evaluated by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction. The proliferation and colony formation ability of NBL cells were analyzed by MTT and colony formation assay. Flow cytometry assay was executed to measure the apoptosis and cell cycle. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to detect the targeted relationships among LINC01410, miR-506-3p, and WEE1. Additionally, the role of LINC01410 on NBL in vivo was evaluated according to a tumor xenograft model.

RESULTS

The expression of LINC01410 and WEE1 was enhanced and miR-506-3p was inhibited in NBL. LINC01410 knockdown attenuated the cell proliferation, colony formation ability, and inhibited tumor growth. Moreover, LINC01410 silencing facilitated the apoptosis and arrested the cell cycle. LINC01410 interacted with miR-506-3p to elevate the WEE1 expression in NBL. Additionally, miR-506-3p inhibition or WEE1 overexpression weakened the reduction effects of sh-LINC01410 on cell proliferation, colony formation ability, apoptosis, and cell cycle.

CONCLUSIONS

Knockdown of LINC01410 inhibited the development of NBL by miR-506-3p/WEE1 axis in vitro, which could serve as a potential therapeutic target for NBL therapy.

MicroRNA in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Systematic Review from 2018 to June 2020

Simple Summary

The most common form of endocrine cancer - papillary thyroid carcinoma, has an increasing incidence. Although this disease usually has an indolent behavior, there are cases when it can evolve more aggressively. It has been known for some time that it is possible to use microRNAs for the diagnosis, prognosis and even treatment monitoring of papillary thyroid cancer. The purpose of this study is to summarize the latest information provided by publications regarding the involvement of microRNAs in papillary thyroid cancer, underling the new clinical perspectives offered by these publications.

Abstract

The involvement of micro-ribonucleic acid (microRNAs) in metabolic pathways such as regulation, signal transduction, cell maintenance, and differentiation make them possible biomarkers and therapeutic targets. The purpose of this review is to summarize the information published in the last two and a half years about the involvement of microRNAs in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Another goal is to understand the perspective offered by the new findings. Main microRNA features such as origin, regulation, targeted genes, and metabolic pathways will be presented in this paper. We interrogated the PubMed database using several keywords: “microRNA” + “thyroid” + “papillary” + “carcinoma”. After applying search filters and inclusion criteria, a selection of 137 articles published between January 2018–June 2020 was made. Data regarding microRNA, metabolic pathways, gene/protein, and study utility were selected and included in the table and later discussed regarding the matter at hand. We found that most microRNAs regularly expressed in the normal thyroid gland are downregulated in PTC, indicating an important tumor-suppressor action by those microRNAs. Moreover, we showed that one gene can be targeted by several microRNAs and have nominally described these interactions. We have revealed which microRNAs can target several genes at once.

LINC00662 contributes to the progression and the radioresistance of cervical cancer by regulating miR-497-5p and CDC25A

It is reported that long intergenic non-coding RNA 00662 (LINC00662) plays an oncogenic role in tumours. However, the mechanism of LINC00662 in regulating the progression and radiosensitivity of cervical cancer (CC) is not clear. In this study, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was adopted to detect LINC00662 and miR-497-5p expressions in CC tissues and cells. The expression of cell division cycle 25 A (CDC25A) in CC cells was examined by Western blot. CC cell proliferation was determined by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and BrdU assays. The survival rate of CC cells was evaluated by colony formation assay under different doses of X-ray irradiation. CC cell migration and invasion were probed by Transwell assay. Besides, the interactions between miR-497-5p and LINC00662, and miR-497-5p and the 3'UTR of CDC25A were verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay, RIP assay, and RNA pull-down experiments. We demonstrated that, LINC00662 expression was remarkably raised in CC tissues and cell lines. LINC00662 overexpression promoted proliferation, migration, invasion and radioresistance of CC cells, and LINC00662 knockdown inhibited the above malignant phenotypes of CC cells. In terms of mechanism, LINC00662 facilitated CC progression and radioresistance by adsorbing miR-497-5p and indirectly up-regulating CDC25A expression. In a word, the LINC00662/miR-497-5p/CDC25A axis boosts proliferation and metastasis of CC cells and enhances the radioresistance of cancer cells. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY: CC poses a threat to the health of women all over the world. In this study, we demonstrated for the first time that LINC00662 expression was remarkably raised in CC tissues and cells. Cellular experiments confirmed that LINC00662 facilitated cell proliferation, migration, invasion and radiation resistance through the miR-497-5p/CDC25A axis, which might be a promising target for CC treatments.

GAS6-AS2 Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma via miR-3619-5p/ARL2 Axis Under Insufficient Radiofrequency Ablation Condition

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignancy worldwide. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is applied for treating HCC; however, insufficient RFA promotes HCC development and accelerates HCC recurrence. Therefore, the molecular functions underlying this process have gradually attracted attention. Aim of the study: We sought to examine whether GAS6-AS2 (also known as GAS6-DT: growth arrest specific 6 divergent transcript) played a role in the development of HCC after insufficient RFA. Methods: The in vitro model was established by heating Huh7 and MHCC97 cells in water bath at 47°C, named as Huh7-H and MHCC97-H. Colony formation, transwell and western blot assays were conducted for functional analysis. Results: GAS6-AS2 was upregulated in Huh7-H and MHCC97-H cells relative to Huh7 and MHCC97 cells. GAS6-AS2 deficiency hampered cell proliferation, migration, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and stemness in Huh7-H and MHCC97-H cells. Moreover, microRNA-3619-5p (miR-3619-5p) combined with GAS6-AS2 and ARL2 (ADP ribosylation factor-like GTPase 2) was the target gene of miR-3619-5p. GAS6-AS2 served as the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) of ARL2 via absorbing miR-3619-5p. Conclusion: On the whole, present study uncovered a novel ceRNA mechanism of GAS6-AS2/miR-3619-5p/ARL2 in HCC after insufficient RFA, which might shed a new insight into treatment of HCC after insufficient RFA.

Long non-coding RNA ASB16-AS1 inhibits proliferation, migration, and invasion of gastric cancer cells by regulating miR-670-3p/ATXN7L3 axis

BACKGROUND

Many long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to play a role in suppressing or promoting the progression of gastric cancer (GC). However, there are still a large number of lncRNAs whose roles in the progression of GC are still unclear. Therefore, it is still necessary to identify lncRNAs that affect the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells to provide potential targets for the prevention and treatment of GC.

AIM

To investigate the effect of lncRNA ASB16-AS1 on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells and the underlying mechanism.

METHODS

The expression levels of ASB16-AS1, miR-670-3p, and ATXN7L3 in human gastric mucosal cell line GES-1 and GC cell lines HGC-27, AGS, and NUGC-4 were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and Western blot. HGC-27 cells were divided into si-NC, si-ASB16-AS1, miR-NC, miR-670-3p, si-ATXN7L3, si-ASB16-AS1 + anti-miR-NC, si-ASB16 -AS1 + anti-miR-670-3p, si-ASB16-AS1 + pcDNA-NC, and si-ASB16-AS1 + pcDNA-ATXN7L3 groups. Cell counting kit-8 and transwell assay were used to detect cell viability and migration invasion , respectively. Dual luciferase reportor assay, RT-qPCR, and Western blot were used to determine the interaction between ASB16-AS1 and miR-670-3p and between miR-670-3p and ATXN7L3.

RESULTS

ASB16-AS1 and ATXN7L3 were highly expressed in GC cells, while miR-670-3p was lowly expressed (P < 0.05). After inhibiting the expression of ASB16-AS1, overexpressing miR-670-3p, or inhibiting the expression of ATXN7L3, the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HGC-27 cells were significantly reduced (P < 0.05). ASB16-AS1 targets and negatively regulates miR-670-3p expression. MiR-670-3p targets and negatively regulates ATXN7L3 expression. Inhibiting miR-670-3p partially reversed the effects of inhibiting ASB16-AS1 on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HGC-27 cells (P < 0.05). Overexpressing ATXN7L3 partially reversed the effect of inhibiting ASB16-AS1 on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HGC-27 cells (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Inhibiting ASB16-AS1 inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells by regulating the miR-670-3p/ATXN7L3 axis.

Linc-ROR promotes the progression of breast cancer and decreases the sensitivity to rapamycin through miR-194-3p targeting MECP2

linc‐ROR is reported to be a potential biomarker of breast cancer, but the detailed mechanism of linc‐ROR‐mediated breast cancer regulation has not been fully studied. We aimed to explore how linc‐ROR affects proliferation, metastasis, and drug sensitivity in breast cancer. Cell lines in which linc‐ROR was overexpressed or knocked down were constructed, and the cell proliferation, colony formation, cell migration, and invasion abilities of these lines were explored. A CCK‐8 assay was performed to determine the sensitivity of the breast cancer cells to rapamycin. Next‐generation sequencing was conducted to explore the detailed regulatory mechanism of linc‐ROR; differentially expressed RNAs in the linc‐ROR‐overexpressing cell line compared with the negative control were screened out, and their target genes were chosen to perform Gene Ontology analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis, protein–protein interaction network analysis, and competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network analysis. The ceRNA mechanism of linc‐ROR for miR‐194‐3p, which targets MECP2, was determined through dual‐luciferase reporter assay, RT–qPCR, western blot, and rescue experiments. Finally, we found that linc‐ROR was upregulated in breast tumor tissues. linc‐ROR promoted the cell proliferation, colony formation, cell migration, and invasion of breast cancer and decreased the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to rapamycin. The overexpression of linc‐ROR triggered changes in the whole transcriptome of breast cancer cells, and a total of 85 lncRNAs, 414 microRNAs, 490 mRNAs, and 92 circRNAs were differentially expressed in the linc‐ROR‐overexpressing cell line compared with the negative control. Through a series of bioinformatic analyses, the ‘linc‐ROR/miR‐194‐3p/MECP2’ ceRNA regulatory axis was confirmed to be involved in the linc‐ROR‐mediated progression and drug sensitivity of breast cancer. In conclusion, linc‐ROR serves as an onco‐lncRNA in breast cancer and promotes the survival of breast cancer cells during rapamycin treatment by functioning as a ceRNA sponge for miR‐194‐3p, which targets MECP2.

LINC01410/miR-23c/CHD7 functions as a ceRNA network to affect the prognosis of patients with endometrial cancer and strengthen the malignant properties of endometrial cancer cells

In previous studies, long non-coding RNA LINC01410 (LINC01410) has been found to promote cells proliferation and invasion in colon and gastric cancers. However, the function of LINC01410 in endometrial cancer (EC) is still elusive. The expression patterns of LINC01410/miR-23c/Chromodomain Helicase DNA-Binding Protein 7 (CHD7) in EC tissues and the prognosis of patients with different expression of LINC01410/miR-23c/CHD7 were determined by consulting TCGA database. EC patients with complete clinical data were applied for clinicopathological correlation analysis. The biological characteristics of EC cells were analyzed with the support of CCK-8 and transwell assays. CHD7 expression was assessed by qRT-PCR and western blot assays. Targeted associations between LINC01410 and miR-23c, as well as miR-23c and CHD7 were speculated by prediction website and verified by dual-luciferase assay. Rescue assays were performed to explore the interrelation among LINC01410, miR-23c and CHD7. Our data illustrated that LINC01410 high expression was presented in EC tissues and was positively related to the poor prognosis of patients in EC, as well as the malignant behaviors of EC cells. Through bioinformatics analysis, we surmised that LINC01410/miR-23c/CHD7 may play a role through the formation of competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) mechanism. CHD7 expression was positively regulated by LINC01410, and inversely controlled by miR-23c. Furthermore, the promoting effects of miR-23c inhibitor or CHD7 upregulation on EC cell growth and aggressiveness were attenuated by LINC01410 silencing. Our results indicated that high expression of LINC01410 promoted EC cell progression through modulating miR-23c/CHD7 axis, providing a new direction for revealing the molecular mechanism of EC.

FOXM1: a potential therapeutic target in human solid cancers

Introduction: FOXM1 is one of the most frequently overexpressed proteins in human solid cancers. Here, we discuss novel direct targets of FOXM1 as well as new pathways involving FOXM1, through which this protein exerts its oncogenic activity.Areas covered: We give a detailed review of FOXM1 transcriptional targets involved in 16 different types of human cancer as published in the literature in the last 5 years. We also discuss a novel positive feedback loop between FOXM1 and AKT - both well-established master regulators of cancer.Expert opinion: Despite the discovery of several FOXM1 inhibitors over the years (by our team and others), their therapeutic use is limited by their adverse off-target effects.Newly-discovered proteins regulated by FOXM1 present a promising alternative approach to target its pro-cancer activity. In addition, targeting regulating proteins that take part in the positive feedback loop between FOXM1/AKT has the double advantage of suppressing both, and can lead to developing novel anti-cancer drugs.

LINC01410 Knockdown Suppresses Cervical Cancer Growth and Invasion via Targeting miR-2467-3p/VOPP1 Axis

Background

Long noncoding RNAs have essential roles in human diseases, including cancer. Our work aims to assess the function and mechanisms of LINC01410 in cervical cancer (CC) development.

Methods

Expression analyses were performed using qRT-PCR. Proliferation was determined through CCK8 and colony formation assays. Cell migration and invasion were determined by Transwell assay. The interactions among LINC01410, miR-2467-3p and VOPP1 were analyzed via luciferase reporter assay.

Results

LINC01410 was upregulated in CC tissues and cell lines. LINC01410 upregulation correlated with poor prognosis. LINC01410 silencing suppressed proliferation, migration and invasion of CC cells. LINC01410 was the sponge for miR-2467. And LINC01410 promoted VOPP1 expression through inhibiting miR-2467.

Conclusion

Our findings demonstrated that LINC01410 contributed to CC progression through regulating miR-2467/VOPP1 axis and suggested that LINC01410/miR-2467/VOPP1 cascade may be a potential therapeutic target.