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Lambert EG, O'Keeffe CJ, Ward AO, Anderson TA, Yip Q, Newman PLH. Enhancing the palatability of cultivated meat. Trends Biotechnol 2024:S0167-7799(24)00062-3. [PMID: 38531694 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2024.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Cultivated meat (CM) has transitioned from a futuristic concept to a present reality, with select products approved for consumption and sale in Singapore, Israel, and the USA. This evolution has emphasized scalable, cost-effective, and sustainable production, as well as navigation of regulatory pathways. As CM develops, a crucial challenge lies in delivering products that are highly appealing to consumers. Central to this will be refining CM palatability, a term encompassing food's taste, aroma, texture, tenderness, juiciness, and color. We explore the scientific and engineering approaches to producing palatable CM, including cell-line selection, cell differentiation, and post-processing techniques. This includes a discussion of the structural and compositional properties of meat that are intrinsically coupled to palatability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella G Lambert
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2008, Australia; School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | | | - Alexander O Ward
- Vow Group Pty Ltd., Sydney, NSW 2015, Australia; Centre for BioInnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD 4556, Australia; ARTA Bioanalytics, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
| | - Tim A Anderson
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2008, Australia
| | - Queenie Yip
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2008, Australia
| | - Peter L H Newman
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2008, Australia; EMBL Australia, Single Molecule Science Node, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
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2
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Chen L, Tang B, Xie G, Yang R, Zhang B, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Jiang D, Zhang X. Bovine Pluripotent Stem Cells: Current Status and Prospects. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2120. [PMID: 38396797 PMCID: PMC10889747 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) can differentiate into three germ layers and diverse autologous cell lines. Since cattle are the most commonly used large domesticated animals, an important food source, and bioreactors, great efforts have been made to establish bovine PSCs (bPSCs). bPSCs have great potential in bovine breeding and reproduction, modeling in vitro differentiation, imitating cancer development, and modeling diseases. Currently, bPSCs mainly include bovine embryonic stem cells (bESCs), bovine induced pluripotent stem cells (biPSCs), and bovine expanded potential stem cells (bEPSCs). Establishing stable bPSCs in vitro is a critical scientific challenge, and researchers have made numerous efforts to this end. In this review, the category of PSC pluripotency; the establishment of bESCs, biPSCs, and bEPSCs and its challenges; and the application outlook of bPSCs are discussed, aiming to provide references for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanxin Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Bo Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Guanghong Xie
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Rui Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Boyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yueqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Daozhen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Xueming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
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Dhanjal DS, Singh R, Sharma V, Nepovimova E, Adam V, Kuca K, Chopra C. Advances in Genetic Reprogramming: Prospects from Developmental Biology to Regenerative Medicine. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:1646-1690. [PMID: 37138422 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230503144619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The foundations of cell reprogramming were laid by Yamanaka and co-workers, who showed that somatic cells can be reprogrammed into pluripotent cells (induced pluripotency). Since this discovery, the field of regenerative medicine has seen advancements. For example, because they can differentiate into multiple cell types, pluripotent stem cells are considered vital components in regenerative medicine aimed at the functional restoration of damaged tissue. Despite years of research, both replacement and restoration of failed organs/ tissues have remained elusive scientific feats. However, with the inception of cell engineering and nuclear reprogramming, useful solutions have been identified to counter the need for compatible and sustainable organs. By combining the science underlying genetic engineering and nuclear reprogramming with regenerative medicine, scientists have engineered cells to make gene and stem cell therapies applicable and effective. These approaches have enabled the targeting of various pathways to reprogramme cells, i.e., make them behave in beneficial ways in a patient-specific manner. Technological advancements have clearly supported the concept and realization of regenerative medicine. Genetic engineering is used for tissue engineering and nuclear reprogramming and has led to advances in regenerative medicine. Targeted therapies and replacement of traumatized , damaged, or aged organs can be realized through genetic engineering. Furthermore, the success of these therapies has been validated through thousands of clinical trials. Scientists are currently evaluating induced tissue-specific stem cells (iTSCs), which may lead to tumour-free applications of pluripotency induction. In this review, we present state-of-the-art genetic engineering that has been used in regenerative medicine. We also focus on ways that genetic engineering and nuclear reprogramming have transformed regenerative medicine and have become unique therapeutic niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daljeet Singh Dhanjal
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Reena Singh
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Varun Sharma
- Head of Bioinformatic Division, NMC Genetics India Pvt. Ltd., Gurugram, India
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 50003, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, Brno, CZ 613 00, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, Brno, CZ-612 00, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 50003, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 50005, Czech Republic
| | - Chirag Chopra
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
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4
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Weeratunga P, Harman RM, Van de Walle GR. Induced pluripotent stem cells from domesticated ruminants and their potential for enhancing livestock production. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1129287. [PMID: 36891466 PMCID: PMC9986305 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1129287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Ruminant livestock, including cattle, sheep, goat, and buffalo, are essential for global food security and serve valuable roles in sustainable agricultural systems. With the limited availability of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) from these species, ruminant induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and iPSC-like cells provide a valuable research tool for agricultural, veterinary, biomedical, and pharmaceutical applications, as well as for the prospect of translation to human medicine. iPSCs are generated by reprogramming of adult or fetal cells to an ESC-like state by ectopic expression of defined transcription factors. Despite the slow pace the field has evolved in livestock species compared to mice and humans, significant progress has been made over the past 15 years in using different cell sources and reprogramming protocols to generate iPSCs/iPSC-like cells from ruminants. This mini review summarizes the current literature related to the derivation of iPSCs/iPSC-like cells from domesticated ruminants with a focus on reprogramming protocols, characterization, associated limitations, and potential applications in ruminant basic science research and production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanna Weeratunga
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Rebecca M Harman
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Gerlinde R Van de Walle
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
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Botigelli RC, Pieri NCG, Bessi BW, Machado LS, Bridi A, de Souza AF, Recchia K, Neto PF, Ross PJ, Bressan FF, Nogueira MFG. Acquisition and maintenance of pluripotency are influenced by fibroblast growth factor, leukemia inhibitory factor, and 2i in bovine-induced pluripotent stem cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:938709. [PMID: 36187479 PMCID: PMC9515551 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.938709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Several opportunities for embryo development, stem cell maintenance, cell fate, and differentiation have emerged using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). However, the difficulty in comparing bovine iPSCs (biPSCs) with embryonic stem cells (ESCs) was a challenge for many years. Here, we reprogrammed fetal fibroblasts by transient expression of the four transcription factors (Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc, collectively termed “OSKM” factors) and cultured in iPSC medium, supplemented with bFGF, bFGF2i, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), or LIF2i, and then compared these biPSC lines with bESC to evaluate the pluripotent state. biPSC lines were generated in all experimental groups. Particularly, reprogrammed cells treated with bFGF were more efficient in promoting the acquisition of pluripotency. However, LIF2i treatment did not promote continuous self-renewal. biPSCs (line 2) labeled with GFP were injected into early embryos (day 4.5) to assess the potential to contribute to chimeric blastocysts. The biPSC lines show a pluripotency state and are differentiated into three embryonic layers. Moreover, biPSCs and bESCs labeled with GFP were able to contribute to chimeric blastocysts. Additionally, biPSCs have shown promising potential for contributing to chimeric blastocysts and for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramon Cesar Botigelli
- Multiuser Facility (FitoFarmaTec), Department of Pharmacology, Biosciences Institute (IBB), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphophysiology and Development (LMMD), Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering (FZEA), University of São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga, Brazil
- Correspondence: Ramon Cesar Botigelli, ; Marcelo Fábio Gouveia Nogueira,
| | - Naira Carolina Godoy Pieri
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphophysiology and Development (LMMD), Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering (FZEA), University of São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Brendon William Bessi
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphophysiology and Development (LMMD), Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering (FZEA), University of São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Lucas Simões Machado
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphophysiology and Development (LMMD), Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering (FZEA), University of São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga, Brazil
- Paulista School of Medicine (EPM), Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Bridi
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphophysiology and Development (LMMD), Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering (FZEA), University of São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Aline Fernanda de Souza
- Laboratory Biomedical Science, Department of Biomedical Science, Ontario Veterinary College (OVC), University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Kaiana Recchia
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphophysiology and Development (LMMD), Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering (FZEA), University of São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Paulo Fantinato Neto
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphophysiology and Development (LMMD), Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering (FZEA), University of São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Pablo Juan Ross
- Laboratory Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Fabiana Fernandes Bressan
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphophysiology and Development (LMMD), Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering (FZEA), University of São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Fábio Gouveia Nogueira
- Multiuser Facility (FitoFarmaTec), Department of Pharmacology, Biosciences Institute (IBB), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
- School of Sciences and Languages, Laboratory of Embryonic Micromanipulation, Department of Biological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Assis, Brazil
- Correspondence: Ramon Cesar Botigelli, ; Marcelo Fábio Gouveia Nogueira,
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Recchia K, Pessôa LVDF, Pieri NCG, Pires PRL, Bressan FF. Influence of Cell Type in In Vitro Induced Reprogramming in Cattle. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:1139. [PMID: 36013318 PMCID: PMC9409886 DOI: 10.3390/life12081139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have been considered an essential tool in stem cell research due to their potential to develop new therapies and technologies and answer essential questions about mammalian early development. An important step in generating iPSCs is selecting their precursor cell type, influencing the reprogramming efficiency and maintenance in culture. In this study, we aim to characterize bovine mesenchymal cells from adipose tissue (bAdMSCs) and fetal fibroblasts (bFFs) and to compare the reprogramming efficiency of these cells when induced to pluripotency. The cells were characterized by immunostaining (CD90, SSEA1, SSEA3, and SSEA4), induced differentiation in vitro, proliferation rates, and were subjected to cell reprogramming using the murine OSKM transcription factors. The bFFs presented morphological changes resembling pluripotent cells after reprogramming and culture with different supplementation, and putative iPSCs were characterized by immunostaining (OCT4, SOX2, NANOG, and AP). In the present study, we demonstrated that cell line origin and cellular proliferation rate are determining factors for reprogramming cells into pluripotency. The generation of biPSCs is a valuable tool to improve both translational medicine and animal production and to study the different supplements required to maintain the pluripotency of bovine cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiana Recchia
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil
| | - Laís Vicari de Figueiredo Pessôa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil; (L.V.d.F.P.); (N.C.G.P.); (P.R.L.P.)
| | - Naira Caroline Godoy Pieri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil; (L.V.d.F.P.); (N.C.G.P.); (P.R.L.P.)
| | - Pedro Ratto Lisboa Pires
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil; (L.V.d.F.P.); (N.C.G.P.); (P.R.L.P.)
| | - Fabiana Fernandes Bressan
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil; (L.V.d.F.P.); (N.C.G.P.); (P.R.L.P.)
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Knežić T, Janjušević L, Djisalov M, Yodmuang S, Gadjanski I. Using Vertebrate Stem and Progenitor Cells for Cellular Agriculture, State-of-the-Art, Challenges, and Future Perspectives. Biomolecules 2022; 12:699. [PMID: 35625626 PMCID: PMC9138761 DOI: 10.3390/biom12050699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Global food systems are under significant pressure to provide enough food, particularly protein-rich foods whose demand is on the rise in times of crisis and inflation, as presently existing due to post-COVID-19 pandemic effects and ongoing conflict in Ukraine and resulting in looming food insecurity, according to FAO. Cultivated meat (CM) and cultivated seafood (CS) are protein-rich alternatives for traditional meat and fish that are obtained via cellular agriculture (CA) i.e., tissue engineering for food applications. Stem and progenitor cells are the building blocks and starting point for any CA bioprocess. This review presents CA-relevant vertebrate cell types and procedures needed for their myogenic and adipogenic differentiation since muscle and fat tissue are the primary target tissues for CM/CS production. The review also describes existing challenges, such as a need for immortalized cell lines, or physical and biochemical parameters needed for enhanced meat/fat culture efficiency and ways to address them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodora Knežić
- Center for Biosystems, BioSense Institute, University of Novi Sad, Dr. Zorana Djindjica 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (T.K.); (L.J.); (M.D.)
| | - Ljiljana Janjušević
- Center for Biosystems, BioSense Institute, University of Novi Sad, Dr. Zorana Djindjica 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (T.K.); (L.J.); (M.D.)
| | - Mila Djisalov
- Center for Biosystems, BioSense Institute, University of Novi Sad, Dr. Zorana Djindjica 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (T.K.); (L.J.); (M.D.)
| | - Supansa Yodmuang
- Research Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 1873 Rama 4 Rd, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Ivana Gadjanski
- Center for Biosystems, BioSense Institute, University of Novi Sad, Dr. Zorana Djindjica 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (T.K.); (L.J.); (M.D.)
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Liu M, Zhao L, Wang Z, Su H, Wang T, Yang G, Chen L, Wu B, Zhao G, Guo J, Yang Z, Zhang J, Hao C, Ma T, Song Y, Bao S, Zuo Y, Li X, Cao G. Generation of Sheep Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells With Defined DOX-Inducible Transcription Factors via piggyBac Transposition. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:785055. [PMID: 34977028 PMCID: PMC8716767 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.785055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) have the potential to differentiate to all cell types of an adult individual and are useful for studying mammalian development. Establishing induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) capable of expressing pluripotent genes and differentiating to three germ layers will not only help to explain the mechanisms underlying somatic reprogramming but also lay the foundation for the establishment of sheep embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in vitro. In this study, sheep somatic cells were reprogrammed in vitro into sheep iPSCs with stable morphology, pluripotent marker expression, and differentiation ability, delivered by piggyBac transposon system with eight doxycycline (DOX)-inducible exogenous reprogramming factors: bovine OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, cMYC, porcine NANOG, human LIN28, SV40 large T antigen, and human TERT. Sheep iPSCs exhibited a chimeric contribution to the early blastocysts of sheep and mice and E6.5 mouse embryos in vitro. A transcriptome analysis revealed the pluripotent characteristics of somatic reprogramming and insights into sheep iPSCs. This study provides an ideal experimental material for further study of the construction of totipotent ESCs in sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moning Liu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Lixia Zhao
- Research Center for Animal Genetic Resources of Mongolia Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Saikexing Institutes of Breeding and Reproductive Biotechnologies in Domestic Animal, Hohhot, China
| | - Zixin Wang
- Inner Mongolia Saikexing Institutes of Breeding and Reproductive Biotechnologies in Domestic Animal, Hohhot, China
| | - Hong Su
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Tong Wang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Research Center for Animal Genetic Resources of Mongolia Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Baojiang Wu
- Research Center for Animal Genetic Resources of Mongolia Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Gaoping Zhao
- Inner Mongolia Saikexing Institutes of Breeding and Reproductive Biotechnologies in Domestic Animal, Hohhot, China
| | - Jitong Guo
- Inner Mongolia Saikexing Institutes of Breeding and Reproductive Biotechnologies in Domestic Animal, Hohhot, China
| | - Zhiqing Yang
- Research Center for Animal Genetic Resources of Mongolia Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- Research Center for Animal Genetic Resources of Mongolia Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Chunxia Hao
- Research Center for Animal Genetic Resources of Mongolia Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Teng Ma
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yongli Song
- Research Center for Animal Genetic Resources of Mongolia Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Siqin Bao
- Research Center for Animal Genetic Resources of Mongolia Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yongchun Zuo
- China State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xihe Li
- Research Center for Animal Genetic Resources of Mongolia Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Saikexing Institutes of Breeding and Reproductive Biotechnologies in Domestic Animal, Hohhot, China
- *Correspondence: Guifang Cao, ; Xihe Li,
| | - Guifang Cao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- *Correspondence: Guifang Cao, ; Xihe Li,
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Martínez-Falguera D, Iborra-Egea O, Gálvez-Montón C. iPSC Therapy for Myocardial Infarction in Large Animal Models: Land of Hope and Dreams. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1836. [PMID: 34944652 PMCID: PMC8698445 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction is the main driver of heart failure due to ischemia and subsequent cell death, and cell-based strategies have emerged as promising therapeutic methods to replace dead tissue in cardiovascular diseases. Research in this field has been dramatically advanced by the development of laboratory-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) that harbor the capability to become any cell type. Like other experimental strategies, stem cell therapy must meet multiple requirements before reaching the clinical trial phase, and in vivo models are indispensable for ensuring the safety of such novel therapies. Specifically, translational studies in large animal models are necessary to fully evaluate the therapeutic potential of this approach; to empirically determine the optimal combination of cell types, supplementary factors, and delivery methods to maximize efficacy; and to stringently assess safety. In the present review, we summarize the main strategies employed to generate iPSCs and differentiate them into cardiomyocytes in large animal species; the most critical differences between using small versus large animal models for cardiovascular studies; and the strategies that have been pursued regarding implanted cells' stage of differentiation, origin, and technical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daina Martínez-Falguera
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona (UB), 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
- ICREC Research Program, Germans Trias i Pujol Health Research Institute, Can Ruti Campus, 08916 Badalona, Spain;
- Heart Institute (iCor), Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Oriol Iborra-Egea
- ICREC Research Program, Germans Trias i Pujol Health Research Institute, Can Ruti Campus, 08916 Badalona, Spain;
- Heart Institute (iCor), Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Carolina Gálvez-Montón
- ICREC Research Program, Germans Trias i Pujol Health Research Institute, Can Ruti Campus, 08916 Badalona, Spain;
- Heart Institute (iCor), Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- CIBERCV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
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10
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Pillai VV, Koganti PP, Kei TG, Gurung S, Butler WR, Selvaraj V. Efficient induction and sustenance of pluripotent stem cells from bovine somatic cells. Biol Open 2021; 10:272681. [PMID: 34719702 PMCID: PMC8565620 DOI: 10.1242/bio.058756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although derivation of naïve bovine embryonic stem cells is unachieved, the possibility for generation of bovine induced pluripotent stem cells (biPSCs) has been generally reported. However, attempts to sustain biPSCs by promoting self-renewal have not been successful. Methods established for maintaining murine and human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) do not support self-renewal of iPSCs for any bovid species. In this study, we examined methods to enhance complete reprogramming and concurrently investigated signaling relevant to pluripotency of the bovine blastocyst inner cell mass (ICM). First, we identified that forced expression of SV40 large T antigen together with the reprogramming genes (OCT4, SOX2, KLF4 and MYC) substantially enhanced the reprogramming efficacy of bovine fibroblasts to biPSCs. Second, we uncovered that TGFβ signaling is actively perturbed in the ICM. Inhibition of ALK4/5/7 to block TGFβ/activin/nodal signaling together with GSK3β and MEK1/2 supported robust in vitro self-renewal of naïve biPSCs with unvarying colony morphology, steady expansion, expected pluripotency gene expression and committed differentiation plasticity. Core similarities between biPSCs and stem cells of the 16-cell-stage bovine embryo indicated a stable ground state of pluripotency; this allowed us to reliably gain predictive understanding of signaling in bovine pluripotency using systems biology approaches. Beyond defining a high-fidelity platform for advancing biPSC-based biotechnologies that have not been previously practicable, these findings also represent a significant step towards understanding corollaries and divergent aspects of bovine pluripotency. This article has an associated First Person interview with the joint first authors of the paper. Summary: Pluripotency reprogramming by overcoming the stable epigenome of bovine cells, and uncovering precise early embryo self-renewal mechanisms enables sustenance and expansion of authentic induced pluripotent stem cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viju Vijayan Pillai
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY14853, USA
| | - Prasanthi P Koganti
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY14853, USA
| | - Tiffany G Kei
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY14853, USA
| | - Shailesh Gurung
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY14853, USA
| | - W Ronald Butler
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY14853, USA
| | - Vimal Selvaraj
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY14853, USA
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11
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Su Y, Wang L, Fan Z, Liu Y, Zhu J, Kaback D, Oudiz J, Patrick T, Yee SP, Tian X(C, Polejaeva I, Tang Y. Establishment of Bovine-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910489. [PMID: 34638830 PMCID: PMC8508593 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) have been successfully developed in many species. However, the establishment of bovine-induced pluripotent stem cells (biPSCs) has been challenging. Here we report the generation of biPSCs from bovine mesenchymal stem cells (bMSCs) by overexpression of lysine-specific demethylase 4A (KDM4A) and the other reprogramming factors OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, cMYC, LIN28, and NANOG (KdOSKMLN). These biPSCs exhibited silenced transgene expression at passage 10, and had prolonged self-renewal capacity for over 70 passages. The biPSCs have flat, primed-like PSC colony morphology in combined media of knockout serum replacement (KSR) and mTeSR, but switched to dome-shaped, naïve-like PSC colony morphology in mTeSR medium and 2i/LIF with single cell colonization capacity. These cells have comparable proliferation rate to the reported primed- or naïve-state human PSCs, with three-germ layer differentiation capacity and normal karyotype. Transcriptome analysis revealed a high similarity of biPSCs to reported bovine embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and embryos. The naïve-like biPSCs can be incorporated into mouse embryos, with the extended capacity of integration into extra-embryonic tissues. Finally, at least 24.5% cloning efficiency could be obtained in nuclear transfer (NT) experiment using late passage biPSCs as nuclear donors. Our report represents a significant advance in the establishment of bovine PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Su
- Department of Animal Science, Institute of Systems Genetics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06268, USA; (Y.S.); (L.W.); (J.Z.); (J.O.); (X.T.)
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Animal Science, Institute of Systems Genetics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06268, USA; (Y.S.); (L.W.); (J.Z.); (J.O.); (X.T.)
| | - Zhiqiang Fan
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA; (Z.F.); (Y.L.); (T.P.)
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA; (Z.F.); (Y.L.); (T.P.)
| | - Jiaqi Zhu
- Department of Animal Science, Institute of Systems Genetics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06268, USA; (Y.S.); (L.W.); (J.Z.); (J.O.); (X.T.)
| | - Deborah Kaback
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; (D.K.); (S.P.Y.)
| | - Julia Oudiz
- Department of Animal Science, Institute of Systems Genetics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06268, USA; (Y.S.); (L.W.); (J.Z.); (J.O.); (X.T.)
| | - Tayler Patrick
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA; (Z.F.); (Y.L.); (T.P.)
| | - Siu Pok Yee
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; (D.K.); (S.P.Y.)
| | - Xiuchun (Cindy) Tian
- Department of Animal Science, Institute of Systems Genetics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06268, USA; (Y.S.); (L.W.); (J.Z.); (J.O.); (X.T.)
| | - Irina Polejaeva
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA; (Z.F.); (Y.L.); (T.P.)
- Correspondence: (I.P.); (Y.T.)
| | - Young Tang
- Department of Animal Science, Institute of Systems Genetics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06268, USA; (Y.S.); (L.W.); (J.Z.); (J.O.); (X.T.)
- Correspondence: (I.P.); (Y.T.)
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12
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Reiss J, Robertson S, Suzuki M. Cell Sources for Cultivated Meat: Applications and Considerations throughout the Production Workflow. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7513. [PMID: 34299132 PMCID: PMC8307620 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular agriculture is an emerging scientific discipline that leverages the existing principles behind stem cell biology, tissue engineering, and animal sciences to create agricultural products from cells in vitro. Cultivated meat, also known as clean meat or cultured meat, is a prominent subfield of cellular agriculture that possesses promising potential to alleviate the negative externalities associated with conventional meat production by producing meat in vitro instead of from slaughter. A core consideration when producing cultivated meat is cell sourcing. Specifically, developing livestock cell sources that possess the necessary proliferative capacity and differentiation potential for cultivated meat production is a key technical component that must be optimized to enable scale-up for commercial production of cultivated meat. There are several possible approaches to develop cell sources for cultivated meat production, each possessing certain advantages and disadvantages. This review will discuss the current cell sources used for cultivated meat production and remaining challenges that need to be overcome to achieve scale-up of cultivated meat for commercial production. We will also discuss cell-focused considerations in other components of the cultivated meat production workflow, namely, culture medium composition, bioreactor expansion, and biomaterial tissue scaffolding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Reiss
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (J.R.); (S.R.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Samantha Robertson
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (J.R.); (S.R.)
| | - Masatoshi Suzuki
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (J.R.); (S.R.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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13
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Bessi BW, Botigelli RC, Pieri NCG, Machado LS, Cruz JB, de Moraes P, de Souza AF, Recchia K, Barbosa G, de Castro RVG, Nogueira MFG, Bressan FF. Cattle In Vitro Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Generated and Maintained in 5 or 20% Oxygen and Different Supplementation. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061531. [PMID: 34204517 PMCID: PMC8234940 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The event of cellular reprogramming into pluripotency is influenced by several factors, such as in vitro culture conditions (e.g., culture medium and oxygen concentration). Herein, bovine iPSCs (biPSCs) were generated in different levels of oxygen tension (5% or 20% of oxygen) and supplementation (bFGF or bFGF + LIF + 2i-bFL2i) to evaluate the efficiency of pluripotency induction and maintenance in vitro. Initial reprogramming was observed in all groups and bFL2i supplementation initially resulted in a superior number of colonies. However, bFL2i supplementation in low oxygen led to a loss of self-renewal and pluripotency maintenance. All clonal lines were positive for alkaline phosphatase; they expressed endogenous pluripotency-related genes SOX2, OCT4 and STELLA. However, expression was decreased throughout the passages without the influence of oxygen tension. GLUT1 and GLUT3 were upregulated by low oxygen. The biPSCs were immunofluorescence-positive stained for OCT4 and SOX2 and they formed embryoid bodies which differentiated in ectoderm and mesoderm (all groups), as well as endoderm (one line from bFL2i in high oxygen). Our study is the first to compare high and low oxygen environments during and after induced reprogramming in cattle. In our conditions, a low oxygen environment did not favor the pluripotency maintenance of biPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendon Willian Bessi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga 13635-000, Brazil; (B.W.B.); (N.C.G.P.); (L.S.M.); (J.B.C.); (P.d.M.); (A.F.d.S.); (K.R.); (G.B.); (R.V.G.d.C.)
| | - Ramon Cesar Botigelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga 13635-000, Brazil; (B.W.B.); (N.C.G.P.); (L.S.M.); (J.B.C.); (P.d.M.); (A.F.d.S.); (K.R.); (G.B.); (R.V.G.d.C.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences (IBB), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil
- Correspondence: (R.C.B.); (F.F.B.)
| | - Naira Caroline Godoy Pieri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga 13635-000, Brazil; (B.W.B.); (N.C.G.P.); (L.S.M.); (J.B.C.); (P.d.M.); (A.F.d.S.); (K.R.); (G.B.); (R.V.G.d.C.)
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 05508-270, Brazil
| | - Lucas Simões Machado
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga 13635-000, Brazil; (B.W.B.); (N.C.G.P.); (L.S.M.); (J.B.C.); (P.d.M.); (A.F.d.S.); (K.R.); (G.B.); (R.V.G.d.C.)
| | - Jessica Brunhara Cruz
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga 13635-000, Brazil; (B.W.B.); (N.C.G.P.); (L.S.M.); (J.B.C.); (P.d.M.); (A.F.d.S.); (K.R.); (G.B.); (R.V.G.d.C.)
| | - Pamela de Moraes
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga 13635-000, Brazil; (B.W.B.); (N.C.G.P.); (L.S.M.); (J.B.C.); (P.d.M.); (A.F.d.S.); (K.R.); (G.B.); (R.V.G.d.C.)
| | - Aline Fernanda de Souza
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga 13635-000, Brazil; (B.W.B.); (N.C.G.P.); (L.S.M.); (J.B.C.); (P.d.M.); (A.F.d.S.); (K.R.); (G.B.); (R.V.G.d.C.)
| | - Kaiana Recchia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga 13635-000, Brazil; (B.W.B.); (N.C.G.P.); (L.S.M.); (J.B.C.); (P.d.M.); (A.F.d.S.); (K.R.); (G.B.); (R.V.G.d.C.)
| | - Gabriela Barbosa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga 13635-000, Brazil; (B.W.B.); (N.C.G.P.); (L.S.M.); (J.B.C.); (P.d.M.); (A.F.d.S.); (K.R.); (G.B.); (R.V.G.d.C.)
| | - Raquel Vasconcelos Guimarães de Castro
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga 13635-000, Brazil; (B.W.B.); (N.C.G.P.); (L.S.M.); (J.B.C.); (P.d.M.); (A.F.d.S.); (K.R.); (G.B.); (R.V.G.d.C.)
- Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Fábio Gouveia Nogueira
- Department of Biological Science, School of Sciences, Humanities and Languages, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Assis 19806-900, Brazil;
| | - Fabiana Fernandes Bressan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga 13635-000, Brazil; (B.W.B.); (N.C.G.P.); (L.S.M.); (J.B.C.); (P.d.M.); (A.F.d.S.); (K.R.); (G.B.); (R.V.G.d.C.)
- Correspondence: (R.C.B.); (F.F.B.)
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14
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Sandoval-Villegas N, Nurieva W, Amberger M, Ivics Z. Contemporary Transposon Tools: A Review and Guide through Mechanisms and Applications of Sleeping Beauty, piggyBac and Tol2 for Genome Engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105084. [PMID: 34064900 PMCID: PMC8151067 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Transposons are mobile genetic elements evolved to execute highly efficient integration of their genes into the genomes of their host cells. These natural DNA transfer vehicles have been harnessed as experimental tools for stably introducing a wide variety of foreign DNA sequences, including selectable marker genes, reporters, shRNA expression cassettes, mutagenic gene trap cassettes, and therapeutic gene constructs into the genomes of target cells in a regulated and highly efficient manner. Given that transposon components are typically supplied as naked nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) or recombinant protein, their use is simple, safe, and economically competitive. Thus, transposons enable several avenues for genome manipulations in vertebrates, including transgenesis for the generation of transgenic cells in tissue culture comprising the generation of pluripotent stem cells, the production of germline-transgenic animals for basic and applied research, forward genetic screens for functional gene annotation in model species and therapy of genetic disorders in humans. This review describes the molecular mechanisms involved in transposition reactions of the three most widely used transposon systems currently available (Sleeping Beauty, piggyBac, and Tol2), and discusses the various parameters and considerations pertinent to their experimental use, highlighting the state-of-the-art in transposon technology in diverse genetic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zoltán Ivics
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-6103-77-6000; Fax: +49-6103-77-1280
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15
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Strategy to Establish Embryo-Derived Pluripotent Stem Cells in Cattle. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22095011. [PMID: 34065074 PMCID: PMC8125899 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22095011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell research is essential not only for the research and treatment of human diseases, but also for the genetic preservation and improvement of animals. Since embryonic stem cells (ESCs) were established in mice, substantial efforts have been made to establish true ESCs in many species. Although various culture conditions were used to establish ESCs in cattle, the capturing of true bovine ESCs (bESCs) has not been achieved. In this review, the difficulty of establishing bESCs with various culture conditions is described, and the characteristics of proprietary induced pluripotent stem cells and extended pluripotent stem cells are introduced. We conclude with a suggestion of a strategy for establishing true bESCs.
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16
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Abstract
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells have the potential to differentiate to all cell types of an adult individual and are useful for studying development and for translational research. However, extrapolation of mouse and human ESC knowledge to deriving stable ESC lines of domestic ungulates and large livestock species has been challenging. In contrast to ESCs that are usually established from the blastocyst, mouse expanded potential stem cells (EPSCs) are derived from four-cell and eight-cell embryos. We have recently used the EPSC approach and established stem cells from porcine and human preimplantation embryos. EPSCs are molecularly similar across species and have broader developmental potential to generate embryonic and extraembryonic cell lineages. We further explore the EPSC technology for mammalian species refractory to the standard ESC approaches and report here the successful establishment of bovine EPSCs (bEPSCs) from preimplantation embryos of both wild-type and somatic cell nuclear transfer. bEPSCs express high levels of pluripotency genes, propagate robustly in feeder-free culture, and are genetically stable in long-term culture. bEPSCs have enriched transcriptomic features of early preimplantation embryos and differentiate in vitro to cells of the three somatic germ layers and, in chimeras, contribute to both the embryonic (fetal) and extraembryonic cell lineages. Importantly, precise gene editing is efficiently achieved in bEPSCs, and genetically modified bEPSCs can be used as donors in somatic cell nuclear transfer. bEPSCs therefore hold the potential to substantially advance biotechnology and agriculture.
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17
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Abstract
Organoids are three-dimensional structures that are derived from the self-organization of stem cells as they differentiate in vitro. The plasticity of stem cells is one of the major criteria for generating organoids most similar to the tissue structures they intend to mimic. Stem cells are cells with unique properties of self-renewal and differentiation. Depending on their origin, a distinction is made between pluripotent (embryonic) stem cells (PSCs), adult (or tissue) stem cells (ASCs), and those obtained by somatic reprogramming, so-called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). While most data since the 1980s have been acquired in the mouse model, and then from the late 1990s in humans, the process of somatic reprogammation has revolutionized the field of stem cell research. For domestic animals, numerous attempts have been made to obtain PSCs and iPSCs, an approach that makes it possible to omit the use of embryos to derive the cells. Even if the plasticity of the cells obtained is not always optimal, the recent progress in obtaining reprogrammed cells is encouraging. Along with PSCs and iPSCs, many organoid derivations in animal species are currently obtained from ASCs. In this study, we present state-of-the-art stem cell research according to their origins in the various animal models developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertrand Pain
- Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, INSERM, INRAE, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute, U1208, CSC USC1361, Bron, France.
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18
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Xiang J, Wang H, Zhang Y, Wang J, Liu F, Han X, Lu Z, Li C, Li Z, Gao Y, Tian Y, Wang Y, Li X. LCDM medium supports the derivation of bovine extended pluripotent stem cells with embryonic and extraembryonic potency in bovine-mouse chimeras from iPSCs and bovine fetal fibroblasts. FEBS J 2021; 288:4394-4411. [PMID: 33524211 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cattle have emerged as one of the most important domestic animals widely used for meat, milk, and fur. Derivation of bovine pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) can be applied in drug selecting and human disease modeling and facilitated agriculture-related applications such as production of genetically excellent cattle by gene editing. Extended PSCs (EPSCs), capable of differentiating into embryonic and extraembryonic parts, have been generated in mouse, human, and pig. Whether bovine EPSCs could be generated, and their chimeric competency remains unclear. This study focused on derivation of bovine EPSCs using LCDM medium and exploring the characteristics of EPSCs among different species, including bovine, mouse, and human EPSCs. Here, using LCDM medium (consisting of hLIF, CHIR99021, (S)-(+)-dimethindene maleate, and minocycline hydrochloride) enables the derivation of bovine EPSCs from induced PSCs (iPSCs) and bovine fetal fibroblasts (BFF) with stable morphology, pluripotent marker expression, and in vitro differentiation ability. Notably, bovine EPSCs exhibited interspecies chimeric contribution to embryonic and extraembryonic tissues in pre-implantation blastocysts and postimplantation bovine-mouse chimeras. Transcriptome analysis revealed the unique molecular characteristics of bovine EPSCs compared with iPSCs. The similarities and differences in molecular features across bovine, human, and mouse EPSCs were also described by transcriptome analysis. Taken together, the LCDM culture system containing chemical cocktails can be used for the establishment and long-term passaging of bovine EPSCs with embryonic and extraembryonic potency in bovine-mouse chimeras. Our findings lay the foundation of generating PSCs in domestic animals and open avenues for basic and applied research in biology, medicine, and agriculture. DATABASE: Gene expression data of bovine EPSCs and bovine iPSCs are available in the GEO databases under the accession number PRJNA693452.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhu Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Hanning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xuejie Han
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Zhenyu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Chen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Zihong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yanru Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yujing Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yingjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xueling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
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19
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Su Y, Zhu J, Salman S, Tang Y. Induced pluripotent stem cells from farm animals. J Anim Sci 2021; 98:5937369. [PMID: 33098420 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skaa343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of the induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) technology has revolutionized the world on the establishment of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) across a great variety of animal species. Generation of iPSCs from domesticated animals would provide unrestricted cell resources for the study of embryonic development and cell differentiation of these species, for screening and establishing desired traits for sustainable agricultural production, and as veterinary and preclinical therapeutic tools for animal and human diseases. Induced PSCs from domesticated animals thus harbor enormous scientific, economical, and societal values. Although much progress has been made toward the generation of PSCs from these species, major obstacles remain precluding the exclamation of the establishment of bona fide iPSCs. The most prominent of them remain the inability of these cells to silence exogenous reprogramming factors, the obvious reliance on exogenous factors for their self-renewal, and the restricted development potential in vivo. In this review, we summarize the history and current progress in domestic farm animal iPSC generation, with a focus on swine, ruminants (cattle, ovine, and caprine), horses, and avian species (quails and chickens). We also discuss the problems associated with the farm animal iPSCs and potential future directions toward the complete reprogramming of somatic cells from farm animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Su
- Department of Animal Science, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT
| | - Jiaqi Zhu
- Department of Animal Science, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT
| | - Saleh Salman
- Department of Animal Science, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT
| | - Young Tang
- Department of Animal Science, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT
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Kumar D, Talluri TR, Selokar NL, Hyder I, Kues WA. Perspectives of pluripotent stem cells in livestock. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:1-29. [PMID: 33584977 PMCID: PMC7859985 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent progress in derivation of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) from farm animals opens new approaches not only for reproduction, genetic engineering, treatment and conservation of these species, but also for screening novel drugs for their efficacy and toxicity, and modelling of human diseases. Initial attempts to derive PSCs from the inner cell mass of blastocyst stages in farm animals were largely unsuccessful as either the cells survived for only a few passages, or lost their cellular potency; indicating that the protocols which allowed the derivation of murine or human embryonic stem (ES) cells were not sufficient to support the maintenance of ES cells from farm animals. This scenario changed by the innovation of induced pluripotency and by the development of the 3 inhibitor culture conditions to support naïve pluripotency in ES cells from livestock species. However, the long-term culture of livestock PSCs while maintaining the full pluripotency is still challenging, and requires further refinements. Here, we review the current achievements in the derivation of PSCs from farm animals, and discuss the potential application areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Kumar
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar 125001, India.
| | - Thirumala R Talluri
- Equine Production Campus, ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Bikaner 334001, India
| | - Naresh L Selokar
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar 125001, India
| | - Iqbal Hyder
- Department of Physiology, NTR College of Veterinary Science, Gannavaram 521102, India
| | - Wilfried A Kues
- Department of Biotechnology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute, Federal Institute of Animal Health, Neustadt 31535, Germany
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21
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Generation of Murine Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells through Transposon-Mediated Reprogramming. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2454:791-809. [PMID: 33755907 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2021_350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The seminal discovery of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells through ectopic expression of a cocktail of gene factors (OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, and c-MYC) by the group of Yamanaka was a major breakthrough, gained widespread acclaim and garnered much attention in the field of stem cell science. The iPS cells possess most of the characteristics and advantages of embryonic stem (ES) cells without the association of ethical stigma for their derivation. In addition, these cells can give rise to any cell type of the body and thus have tremendous potential for many downstream applications in research and regenerative medicine. The original method requires viral transduction of several reprogramming factors, which may be associated with an increased risk of oncogenicity and insertional mutagenesis. Nonviral methods for generation of iPS cells through somatic cell reprogramming are powerful tools for establishing in vitro disease models, development of new protocols for treatment of different diseases, and creating transgenic mice models. Here, we present a detailed protocol for the generation of transposon-mediated iPS cells from mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and give a short overview of the characterization of the generated iPS cell lines.
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22
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Amberger M, Ivics Z. Latest Advances for the Sleeping Beauty Transposon System: 23 Years of Insomnia but Prettier than Ever: Refinement and Recent Innovations of the Sleeping Beauty Transposon System Enabling Novel, Nonviral Genetic Engineering Applications. Bioessays 2020; 42:e2000136. [PMID: 32939778 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202000136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The Sleeping Beauty transposon system is a nonviral DNA transfer tool capable of efficiently mediating transposition-based, stable integration of DNA sequences of choice into eukaryotic genomes. Continuous refinements of the system, including the emergence of hyperactive transposase mutants and novel approaches in vectorology, greatly improve upon transposition efficiency rivaling viral-vector-based methods for stable gene insertion. Current developments, such as reversible transgenesis and proof-of-concept RNA-guided transposition, further expand on possible applications in the future. In addition, innate advantages such as lack of preferential integration into genes reduce insertional mutagenesis-related safety concerns while comparably low manufacturing costs enable widespread implementation. Accordingly, the system is recognized as a powerful and versatile tool for genetic engineering and is playing a central role in an ever-expanding number of gene and cell therapy clinical trials with the potential to become a key technology to meet the growing demand for advanced therapy medicinal products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Amberger
- Division of Medical Biotechnology, Paul Ehrlich Institute, Langen, D-63225, Germany
| | - Zoltán Ivics
- Division of Medical Biotechnology, Paul Ehrlich Institute, Langen, D-63225, Germany
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23
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Navarro M, Soto DA, Pinzon CA, Wu J, Ross PJ. Livestock pluripotency is finally captured in vitro. Reprod Fertil Dev 2020; 32:11-39. [PMID: 32188555 DOI: 10.1071/rd19272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) have demonstrated great utility in improving our understanding of mammalian development and continue to revolutionise regenerative medicine. Thanks to the improved understanding of pluripotency in mice and humans, it has recently become feasible to generate stable livestock PSCs. Although it is unlikely that livestock PSCs will be used for similar applications as their murine and human counterparts, new exciting applications that could greatly advance animal agriculture are being developed, including the use of PSCs for complex genome editing, cellular agriculture, gamete generation and invitro breeding schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micaela Navarro
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, 450 Bioletti Way, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Delia A Soto
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, 450 Bioletti Way, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Carlos A Pinzon
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; and Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Pablo J Ross
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, 450 Bioletti Way, Davis, CA 95616, USA; and Corresponding author.
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24
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Kumar D, Anand T, Talluri TR, Kues WA. Potential of transposon-mediated cellular reprogramming towards cell-based therapies. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:527-544. [PMID: 32843912 PMCID: PMC7415244 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i7.527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells present a seminal discovery in cell biology and promise to support innovative treatments of so far incurable diseases. To translate iPS technology into clinical trials, the safety and stability of these reprogrammed cells needs to be shown. In recent years, different non-viral transposon systems have been developed for the induction of cellular pluripotency, and for the directed differentiation into desired cell types. In this review, we summarize the current state of the art of different transposon systems in iPS-based cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Kumar
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar 125001, India
| | - Taruna Anand
- NCVTC, ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar 125001, India
| | - Thirumala R Talluri
- Equine Production Campus, ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Bikaner 334001, India
| | - Wilfried A Kues
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Department of Biotechnology, Mariensee 31535, Germany
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25
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Bressan FF, Bassanezze V, de Figueiredo Pessôa LV, Sacramento CB, Malta TM, Kashima S, Fantinato Neto P, Strefezzi RDF, Pieri NCG, Krieger JE, Covas DT, Meirelles FV. Generation of induced pluripotent stem cells from large domestic animals. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:247. [PMID: 32586372 PMCID: PMC7318412 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01716-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have enormous potential in developmental biology studies and in cellular therapies. Although extensively studied and characterized in human and murine models, iPSCs from animals other than mice lack reproducible results. METHODS Herein, we describe the generation of robust iPSCs from equine and bovine cells through lentiviral transduction of murine or human transcription factors Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc and from human and murine cells using similar protocols, even when different supplementations were used. The iPSCs were analyzed regarding morphology, gene and protein expression of pluripotency factors, alkaline phosphatase detection, and spontaneous and induced differentiation. RESULTS Although embryonic-derived stem cells are yet not well characterized in domestic animals, generation of iPS cells from these species is possible through similar protocols used for mouse or human cells, enabling the use of pluripotent cells from large animals for basic or applied purposes. Herein, we also infer that bovine iPS (biPSCs) exhibit similarity to mouse iPSCs (miPSCs), whereas equine iPSs (eiPSCs) to human (hiPSCs). CONCLUSIONS The generation of reproducible protocols in different animal species will provide an informative tool for producing in vitro autologous pluripotent cells from domestic animals. These cells will create new opportunities in animal breeding through transgenic technology and will support a new era of translational medicine with large animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Fernandes Bressan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Center for Cell-Based Therapy, Regional Blood Center, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Bassanezze
- Heart Institute (INCOR), Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Present Address: Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Laís Vicari de Figueiredo Pessôa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Chester Bittencourt Sacramento
- Heart Institute (INCOR), Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Present Address: Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, USA
| | - Tathiane Maistro Malta
- Center for Cell-Based Therapy, Regional Blood Center, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP Brazil
| | - Simone Kashima
- Center for Cell-Based Therapy, Regional Blood Center, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Paulo Fantinato Neto
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo De Francisco Strefezzi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Naira Caroline Godoy Pieri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Krieger
- Heart Institute (INCOR), Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dimas Tadeu Covas
- Center for Cell-Based Therapy, Regional Blood Center, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Flávio Vieira Meirelles
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Center for Cell-Based Therapy, Regional Blood Center, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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26
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Singh B, Mal G, Kues WA, Yadav PS. The domesticated buffalo - An emerging model for experimental and therapeutic use of extraembryonic tissues. Theriogenology 2020; 151:95-102. [PMID: 32320839 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Large animals play important roles as model animals for biomedical sciences and translational research. The water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) is an economically important, multipurpose livestock species. Important assisted reproduction techniques, such as in vitro fertilization, cryo-conservation of sperm and embryos, embryo transfer, somatic cell nuclear transfer, genetic engineering, and genome editing have been successfully applied to buffaloes. Recently, detailed whole genome data and transcriptome maps have been generated. In addition, rapid progress has been made in stem cell biology of the buffalo. Apart from embryonic stem cells, bubaline extra-embryonic stem cells have gained particular interest. The multipotency of non-embryonic stem cells has been revealed, and their utility in basic and applied research is currently investigated. In particular, success achieved in bubaline extra-embryonic stem cells may have important roles in experimental biology and therapeutic regenerative medicine. Progress in other farm animals in assisted reproduction techniques, stem cell biology and genetic engineering, which could be of importance for buffalo, will also be briefly summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birbal Singh
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Regional Station Palampur, 176 061, India
| | - Gorakh Mal
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Regional Station Palampur, 176 061, India
| | | | - Prem S Yadav
- ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, 125001, India.
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27
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Jiang Y, An XL, Yu H, Cai NN, Zhai YH, Li Q, Cheng H, Zhang S, Tang B, Li ZY, Zhang XM. Transcriptome profile of bovine iPSCs derived from Sertoli Cells. Theriogenology 2020; 146:120-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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28
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Kesselring L, Miskey C, Zuliani C, Querques I, Kapitonov V, Laukó A, Fehér A, Palazzo A, Diem T, Lustig J, Sebe A, Wang Y, Dinnyés A, Izsvák Z, Barabas O, Ivics Z. A single amino acid switch converts the Sleeping Beauty transposase into an efficient unidirectional excisionase with utility in stem cell reprogramming. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:316-331. [PMID: 31777924 PMCID: PMC6943129 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz1119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon is an advanced tool for genetic engineering and a useful model to investigate cut-and-paste DNA transposition in vertebrate cells. Here, we identify novel SB transposase mutants that display efficient and canonical excision but practically unmeasurable genomic re-integration. Based on phylogenetic analyses, we establish compensating amino acid replacements that fully rescue the integration defect of these mutants, suggesting epistasis between these amino acid residues. We further show that the transposons excised by the exc+/int− transposase mutants form extrachromosomal circles that cannot undergo a further round of transposition, thereby representing dead-end products of the excision reaction. Finally, we demonstrate the utility of the exc+/int− transposase in cassette removal for the generation of reprogramming factor-free induced pluripotent stem cells. Lack of genomic integration and formation of transposon circles following excision is reminiscent of signal sequence removal during V(D)J recombination, and implies that cut-and-paste DNA transposition can be converted to a unidirectional process by a single amino acid change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Kesselring
- Transposition and Genome Engineering, Division of Medical Biotechnology, Paul Ehrlich Institute, Langen, Germany
| | - Csaba Miskey
- Transposition and Genome Engineering, Division of Medical Biotechnology, Paul Ehrlich Institute, Langen, Germany
| | - Cecilia Zuliani
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
| | - Irma Querques
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
| | - Vladimir Kapitonov
- Transposition and Genome Engineering, Division of Medical Biotechnology, Paul Ehrlich Institute, Langen, Germany
| | | | - Anita Fehér
- BioTalentum Ltd, Gödöllő, 2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Antonio Palazzo
- Department of Biology, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Italy
| | - Tanja Diem
- Transposition and Genome Engineering, Division of Medical Biotechnology, Paul Ehrlich Institute, Langen, Germany
| | - Janna Lustig
- Transposition and Genome Engineering, Division of Medical Biotechnology, Paul Ehrlich Institute, Langen, Germany
| | - Attila Sebe
- Transposition and Genome Engineering, Division of Medical Biotechnology, Paul Ehrlich Institute, Langen, Germany
| | - Yongming Wang
- Mobile DNA, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Zsuzsanna Izsvák
- Mobile DNA, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Orsolya Barabas
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
| | - Zoltán Ivics
- Transposition and Genome Engineering, Division of Medical Biotechnology, Paul Ehrlich Institute, Langen, Germany
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29
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Hyder I, Eghbalsaied S, Kues WA. Systematic optimization of square-wave electroporation conditions for bovine primary fibroblasts. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2020; 21:9. [PMID: 32111153 PMCID: PMC7049184 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-020-00254-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gene transfer by electroporation is an established method for the non-viral mediated transfection of mammalian cells. Primary cells pose a particular challenge for electroporation-mediated gene transfer, since they are more vulnerable than immortalized cells, and have a limited proliferative capacity. Improving the gene transfer by using square wave electroporation in difficult to transfect cells, like bovine fetal fibroblasts, is a prerequisite for transgenic and further downstream experiments. RESULTS Here, bovine fetal fibroblasts were used for square-wave electroporation experiments in which the following parameters were systematically tested: electroporation buffer, electroporation temperature, pulse voltage, pulse duration, pulse number, cuvette type and plasmid DNA amount. For the experiments a commercially available square-wave generator was applied. Post electroporation, the bovine fetal fibroblasts were observed after 24 h for viability and reporter expression. The best results were obtained with a single 10 millisecond square-wave pulse of 400 V using 10 μg supercoiled plasmid DNA and 0.3 × 106 cells in 100 μl of Opti-MEM medium in 4 mm cuvettes. Importantly, the electroporation at room temperature was considerably better than with pre-cooled conditions. CONCLUSIONS The optimized electroporation conditions will be relevant for gene transfer experiments in bovine fetal fibroblasts to obtain genetically engineered donor cells for somatic cell nuclear transfer and for reprogramming experiments in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqbal Hyder
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute, 31535, Neustadt, Germany.,Department of Veterinary Physiology, NTR College of Veterinary Science, Gannavaram, India
| | - Shahin Eghbalsaied
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute, 31535, Neustadt, Germany.,Transgenesis Center of Excellence, Isfahan (Khorasgan) branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Wilfried A Kues
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute, 31535, Neustadt, Germany.
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30
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Moradi S, Mahdizadeh H, Šarić T, Kim J, Harati J, Shahsavarani H, Greber B, Moore JB. Research and therapy with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs): social, legal, and ethical considerations. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:341. [PMID: 31753034 PMCID: PMC6873767 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1455-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can self-renew indefinitely in culture and differentiate into all specialized cell types including gametes. iPSCs do not exist naturally and are instead generated (“induced” or “reprogrammed”) in culture from somatic cells through ectopic co-expression of defined pluripotency factors. Since they can be generated from any healthy person or patient, iPSCs are considered as a valuable resource for regenerative medicine to replace diseased or damaged tissues. In addition, reprogramming technology has provided a powerful tool to study mechanisms of cell fate decisions and to model human diseases, thereby substantially potentiating the possibility to (i) discover new drugs in screening formats and (ii) treat life-threatening diseases through cell therapy-based strategies. However, various legal and ethical barriers arise when aiming to exploit the full potential of iPSCs to minimize abuse or unauthorized utilization. In this review, we discuss bioethical, legal, and societal concerns associated with research and therapy using iPSCs. Furthermore, we present key questions and suggestions for stem cell scientists, legal authorities, and social activists investigating and working in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharif Moradi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Cancer Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Isar 11, 47138-18983, Babol, Iran.
| | - Hamid Mahdizadeh
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tomo Šarić
- Center for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute for NeurophysiologyMedical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Johnny Kim
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Javad Harati
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Biomedical Innovations, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hosein Shahsavarani
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Biomedical Innovations, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Boris Greber
- RheinCell Therapeutics GmbH, 40764, Langenfeld, Germany
| | - Joseph B Moore
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.,The Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
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31
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Rawat N, Singh MK, Sharma T, Vats P, Nagoorvali D, Palta P, Chauhan MS, Manik RS. Media switching at different time periods affects the reprogramming efficiency of buffalo fetal fibroblasts. Anim Biotechnol 2019; 32:155-168. [PMID: 31599201 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2019.1671435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Many contrasting reports are available on generation of bovine induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) employing different timelines and culture conditions which signifies reprogramming process varies between species and cell types. The present study determines an optimum time period required to re-initiate reprogramming events in buffalo fibroblasts after introduction of exogenous genes (OCT4, SOX2, KLF4 and c-MYC) by lentiviral vector. The reprogramming efficiency is cumulative result of many factors including culture conditions and addition of growth factors in culture media. In our study, we observed when stem cell culture conditions were provided Day 5 post-transduction, it results in maximum reprogramming efficiency in comparison when same conditions were provided too early or on later days. The putative iPSCs were expanded on feeder layer for 15 passages and found positive for alkaline phosphatase and pluripotency markers (OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, c-MYC, UTF, TELOMERASE, FOXD3, REX1, STAT3, NUCLEOSTAMIN and TRA1-81). Also, they produced embryoid bodies showing expression for ectodermal (NF68, MOBP), mesodermal (ASA, BMP4) and endodermal (GATA4, AFP) markers to confirm their pluripotent nature. Our results suggest that reprogramming is accompanied by time dependent events and providing stem cell culture conditions at definite time during reprogramming can help in generation of iPSCs with greater efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Rawat
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Singh
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Tushar Sharma
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Preeti Vats
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - D Nagoorvali
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Prabhat Palta
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Manmohan Singh Chauhan
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India.,ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdum, India
| | - Radhey Sham Manik
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
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32
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Pessôa LVDF, Bressan FF, Freude KK. Induced pluripotent stem cells throughout the animal kingdom: Availability and applications. World J Stem Cells 2019; 11:491-505. [PMID: 31523369 PMCID: PMC6716087 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v11.i8.491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Up until the mid 2000s, the capacity to generate every cell of an organism was exclusive to embryonic stem cells. In 2006, researchers Takahashi and Yamanaka developed an alternative method of generating embryonic-like stem cells from adult cells, which they coined induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Such iPSCs possess most of the advantages of embryonic stem cells without the ethical stigma associated with derivation of the latter. The possibility of generating “custom-made” pluripotent cells, ideal for patient-specific disease models, alongside their possible applications in regenerative medicine and reproduction, has drawn a lot of attention to the field with numbers of iPSC studies published growing exponentially. IPSCs have now been generated for a wide variety of species, including but not limited to, mouse, human, primate, wild felines, bovines, equines, birds and rodents, some of which still lack well-established embryonic stem cell lines. The paucity of robust characterization of some of these iPSC lines as well as the residual expression of transgenes involved in the reprogramming process still hampers the use of such cells in species preservation or medical research, underscoring the requirement for further investigations. Here, we provide an extensive overview of iPSC generated from a broad range of animal species including their potential applications and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís Vicari de Figueiredo Pessôa
- Group of Stem Cell Models for Studies of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Section for Pathobiological Sciences, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg 1870, Denmark
| | - Fabiana Fernandes Bressan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kristine Karla Freude
- Group of Stem Cell Models for Studies of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Section for Pathobiological Sciences, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg 1870, Denmark
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Zhou R, Comizzoli P, Keefer CL. Endogenous pluripotent factor expression after reprogramming cat fetal fibroblasts using inducible transcription factors. Mol Reprod Dev 2019; 86:1671-1681. [PMID: 31429169 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Incomplete transgene-silencing remains a challenge in the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) in felids-a critical family in biomedical and biodiversity conservation science. In this study doxycycline-inducible transgenes (NANOG, POU5F1, SOX2, KLF4, and cMYC) were used to reprogram cat fetal fibroblasts with the objective of obtaining iPSC with fully silenced transgenes. Colony formation was slower (14 vs. 8 days) and at lower efficiency than mouse embryonic fibroblasts (0.002% vs. 0.02% of seeded cells). Alkaline-phosphatase positive colonies were grown on feeder cells plus LIF and GSK3, MEK, and ROCK inhibitors. Cells could be passaged singly and transgene expression was silenced at passage 3 (P3) after doxycycline removal at P2. NANOG, POU5F1, and SOX2 were expressed at P3, P6, and P10, although at lower immunostaining intensities than in cat inner cell masses (ICM). Transcripts related to pluripotency (NANOG, POU5F1, SOX2, KLF4, cMYC, and REX1) and differentiation (FGF5, TBXT, GATA6, SOX17, FOXF1, PAX6, and SOX1) were assessed by a reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction in iPSC and embryoid bodies. The immunostaining patterns, relatively low levels of NANOG and REX1 in comparison to ICM along with the expression of TBXT (mesoderm) suggested that cells were a mix of reprogrammed pluripotent and differentiating cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Zhou
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland.,Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute (SCBI), National Zoological Park, Washington, DC
| | - Pierre Comizzoli
- Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute (SCBI), National Zoological Park, Washington, DC
| | - Carol L Keefer
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
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Pillai VV, Kei TG, Reddy SE, Das M, Abratte C, Cheong SH, Selvaraj V. Induced pluripotent stem cell generation from bovine somatic cells indicates unmet needs for pluripotency sustenance. Anim Sci J 2019; 90:1149-1160. [PMID: 31322312 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mechanisms that direct reprogramming of differentiated somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), albeit incomplete in understanding, are highly conserved across all mammalian species studied. Equally, proof of principle that iPSCs can be derived from domestic cattle has been reported in several publications. In our efforts to derive and study bovine iPSCs, we encountered inadequacy of methods to generate, sustain, and characterize these cells. Our results suggest that iPSC protocols optimized for mouse and human somatic cells do not effectively translate to bovine somatic cells, which show some refractoriness to reprogramming that also affects sustenance. Moreover, methods that enhance reprogramming efficiency in mouse and human cells had no effect on improving bovine cell reprogramming. Although use of retroviral vectors coding for bovine OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, cMYC, and NANOG appeared to produce consistent iPSC-like cells from both fibroblasts and cells from the Wharton's jelly, these colonies could not be sustained. Use of bovine genes could successfully reprogram both mouse and human cells. These findings indicated either incomplete reprogramming and/or discordant/inadequate culture conditions for bovine pluripotent stem cells. Therefore, additional studies that advance core knowledge of bovine pluripotency are necessary before any anticipated iPSC-driven bovine technologies can be realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viju V Pillai
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Tiffany G Kei
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Shannon E Reddy
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Moubani Das
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Christian Abratte
- iPSC Core Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Soon H Cheong
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Vimal Selvaraj
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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35
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Augustyniak J, Bertero A, Coccini T, Baderna D, Buzanska L, Caloni F. Organoids are promising tools for species-specific in vitro toxicological studies. J Appl Toxicol 2019; 39:1610-1622. [PMID: 31168795 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Organoids are three-dimensional self-aggregating structures generated from stem cells (SCs) or progenitor cells in a process that recapitulates molecular and cellular stages of early organ development. The differentiation process leads to the appearance of specialized mature cells and is connected with changes in the organoid internal structure rearrangement and self-organization. The formation of organ-specific structures in vitro with highly ordered architecture is also strongly influenced by the extracellular matrix. These features make organoids as a powerful model for in vitro toxicology. Nowadays this technology is developing very quickly. In this review we present, from a toxicological and species-specific point of view, the state of the art of organoid generation from adult SCs and pluripotent SCs: embryonic SCs or induced pluripotent SCs. The current culture organoid techniques are discussed for their main advantages, disadvantages and limitations. In the second part of the review, we concentrated on the characterization of species-specific organoids generated from tissue-specific SCs of different sources: mammary (bovine), epidermis (canine), intestinal (porcine, bovine, canine, chicken) and liver (feline, canine).
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Augustyniak
- Department of Stem Cell Bioengineering, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alessia Bertero
- Department of Veterinary Medicine (DIMEVET), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Teresa Coccini
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Toxicology, Toxicology Unit, ICS Maugeri SpA-SB, IRCCS Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Diego Baderna
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Italy
| | - Leonora Buzanska
- Department of Stem Cell Bioengineering, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Francesca Caloni
- Department of Veterinary Medicine (DIMEVET), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Kim SJ, Kwon HS, Kwon DK, Koo OJ, Moon JH, Park EJ, Yum SY, Lee BC, Jang G. Production of Transgenic Porcine Embryos Reconstructed with Induced Pluripotent Stem-Like Cells Derived from Porcine Endogenous Factors Using piggyBac System. Cell Reprogram 2019; 21:26-36. [DOI: 10.1089/cell.2018.0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Su-Jin Kim
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Sun Kwon
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-kee Kwon
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Joon-Ho Moon
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Park
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Young Yum
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Chun Lee
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Goo Jang
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Plus program, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Emergence Center for Food-Medicine Personalized Therapy System, Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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37
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Kumar D, Anand T, Vijayalakshmy K, Sharma P, Rajendran R, Selokar NL, Yadav PS, Kumar D. Transposon mediated reprogramming of buffalo fetal fibroblasts to induced pluripotent stem cells in feeder free culture conditions. Res Vet Sci 2019; 123:252-260. [PMID: 30703616 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Commonly, induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are generated by viral transduction of four core reprogramming genes, but recent evidences suggest that slightly different combination of transcription factors improve the efficiency and quality of generated iPS cells. However, vectors like retro- and lentiviral may cause insertional mutagenesis due to its integrating ability. Hence, alternate methods with safety concerns are needed to be investigated. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to reprogram buffalo fibroblasts using non-viral piggyBac (PB) transposon mediated transfer of six transcription factors. To generate buffalo iPS cells, fibroblasts were isolated from buffalo fetus at passage 2. The cells were co-electroporated with a PB transposon having CAGGS promoter driven cassette of Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, cMyc, Nanog, and Lin28 transcription factors separated by self-cleaving 2A peptide and a helper plasmid pCMV-PB transposase. After 12-14 days post electroporation, fibroblast cells morphology was observed to change to round structures which formed loose aggregates of cells on day 18. Putative iPS cell colonies were propagated in feeder free system and characterized through expression of pluripotency markers such as alkaline phosphatase, SSEA-1, SSEA-4, SSEA-5, TRA-1-81, Oct4, Nanog and Sox2 and endogenous genes supported the stemness property of the generated cells. These cells differentiated in vitro to form embryoid bodies and were found to express three germ layers markers. In conclusion, generation of buffalo iPS cells using transposon system provides insights into viral-free iPS technology which will facilitate genetic modification of the buffalo genome and help in the production of transgenic animals using genetically modified iPS cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kumar
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffalo, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Taruna Anand
- NCVTC, ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Kennady Vijayalakshmy
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffalo, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Papori Sharma
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffalo, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Rasika Rajendran
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffalo, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Naresh L Selokar
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffalo, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
| | - P S Yadav
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffalo, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffalo, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India.
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38
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RATHORE NS, KASHYAP SK, DEORA ANUPAMA, KUMAR PANKAJ, SINGH J, TRIPATHI BN, TALLURI TR. Isolation and culture of putative mesenchymal stem cells from equine umbilical cord Wharton’s jelly. THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v88i9.83546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Despite major progress and knowledge related to the application of adult stem cells, finding alternative sources for bone marrow MSCs has remained a challenge in both humans and animals. In the current study, two protocols namely sequential enzymatic tissue digestion and tissue explant techniques were tried for successful establishment of MSC culture. Umbilical tissues were isolated each time of foaling from five sequential foalings of Marwari mares. Total cell yield, their growth potential and cryopreservation potential were studied. Adherent cell colonies could be established using both isolation methods. Both the cell populations yielded from different protocols performed similarly in terms of population doubling and CFU number value. Additionally, the cells proliferated vigourously and displayed a similar morphology of mesenchymal stem cells. The MSCs were plastic adherent, colonogenic and their morphology was polygonal and fibroblast like. During the proliferation, the cells exhibited density dependent inhibition; analysis of microbial contamination from bacteria, mycoplasma and fungi were negative; the population doubling time of the MSCs isolated was 34.8 h and 40.2 h in enzymatic treatment and tissue explant methods respectively, and diploid chromosome number of the cells was 64, and the diploid frequency was higher than 80%. In conclusion, this study reveals that both the techniques proved to be non-invasive, efficient, simple and quick for isolation and establishment of MSC culture of extra embryonic tissues from equines.
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39
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Canizo JR, Vazquez Echegaray C, Klisch D, Aller JF, Paz DA, Alberio RH, Alberio R, Guberman AS. Exogenous human OKSM factors maintain pluripotency gene expression of bovine and porcine iPS-like cells obtained with STEMCCA delivery system. BMC Res Notes 2018; 11:509. [PMID: 30053877 PMCID: PMC6062933 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-018-3627-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The use of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells as an alternative to embryonic stem cells to produce transgenic animals requires the development of a biotechnological platform for their generation. In this study, different strategies for the generation of bovine and porcine iPS cells were evaluated. Lentiviral vectors were used to deliver human factors OCT4, SOX2, KLF4 and c-MYC (OKSM) into bovine and porcine embryonic fibroblasts and different culture conditions were evaluated. RESULTS Protocols based on the integrative lentiviral vector STEMCCA produced porcine iPS-like cells more efficiently than in bovine cells. The iPS-like cells generated displayed stem cell features; however, expression of exogenous factors was maintained along at least 12 passages. Since inactivation of the exogenous factors is still a major bottleneck for establishing fully reprogrammed iPS cells, defining culture conditions that support endogenous OKSM expression is critical for the efficient generation of farm animals' iPS cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesica R Canizo
- Departamento de Producción Animal, INTA EEA Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Camila Vazquez Echegaray
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Química Biológica (IQUIBICEN), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Doris Klisch
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Juan F Aller
- Departamento de Producción Animal, INTA EEA Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Dante A Paz
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), Universidad de Buenos Aires - CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ricardo H Alberio
- Departamento de Producción Animal, INTA EEA Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Ramiro Alberio
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Alejandra S Guberman
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina. .,CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Química Biológica (IQUIBICEN), Buenos Aires, Argentina. .,Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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40
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Yum SY, Youn KY, Choi WJ, Jang G. Development of genome engineering technologies in cattle: from random to specific. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2018; 9:16. [PMID: 29423215 PMCID: PMC5789629 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-018-0232-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of transgenic farm animals (e.g., cattle) via genome engineering for the gain or loss of gene functions is an important undertaking. In the initial stages of genome engineering, DNA micro-injection into one-cell stage embryos (zygotes) followed by embryo transfer into a recipient was performed because of the ease of the procedure. However, as this approach resulted in severe mosaicism and has a low efficiency, it is not typically employed in the cattle as priority, unlike in mice. To overcome the above issue with micro-injection in cattle, somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) was introduced and successfully used to produce cloned livestock. The application of SCNT for the production of transgenic livestock represents a significant advancement, but its development speed is relatively slow because of abnormal reprogramming and low gene targeting efficiency. Recent genome editing technologies (e.g., ZFN, TALEN, and CRISPR-Cas9) have been rapidly adapted for applications in cattle and great results have been achieved in several fields such as disease models and bioreactors. In the future, genome engineering technologies will accelerate our understanding of genetic traits in bovine and will be readily adapted for bio-medical applications in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Young Yum
- 1Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and the Research Institute of Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Young Youn
- 1Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and the Research Institute of Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Jae Choi
- 1Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and the Research Institute of Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Goo Jang
- 1Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and the Research Institute of Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 Republic of Korea.,2Farm Animal Clinical Training and Research Center, Institute of GreenBio Science Technology, Seoul National University, PyeongChang-Gun, Gangwon-do 25354 Republic of Korea.,3Emergence Center for Food-Medicine Personalized Therapy System, Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, SuWon, Gyeonggi-do 16629 Republic of Korea.,4College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, #85, Room631, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826 Republic of Korea
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41
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Hayashi M, Kawaguchi T, Durcova-Hills G, Imai H. Generation of germ cells from pluripotent stem cells in mammals. Reprod Med Biol 2017; 17:107-114. [PMID: 29692667 PMCID: PMC5902460 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The germ cell lineage transmits genetic and epigenetic information to the next generation. Primordial germ cells (PGCs), the early embryonic precursors of sperm or eggs, have been studied extensively. Recently, in vitro models of PGC induction have been established in the mouse. Many attempts are reported to enhance our understanding of PGC development in other mammals, including human. Methods Here, original and review articles that have been published on PubMed are reviewed in order to give an overview of the literature that is focused on PGC development, including the specification of in vivo and in vitro in mice, human, porcine, and bovine. Results Mammalian PGC development, in vivo and in vitro, have been studied primarily by using the mouse model as a template to study PGC specification in other mammals, including human, porcine, and bovine. Conclusion The growing body of published works reveals similarities, as well as differences, in PGC establishment in and between mouse and human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Hayashi
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology Graduate School of Agriculture Kyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Takamasa Kawaguchi
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology Graduate School of Agriculture Kyoto University Kyoto Japan.,The Fukui Research Institute Ono Pharmaceutical Companyy, Ltd. Fukui Japan
| | - Gabriela Durcova-Hills
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology Graduate School of Agriculture Kyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Hiroshi Imai
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology Graduate School of Agriculture Kyoto University Kyoto Japan
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42
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Preclinical and clinical advances in transposon-based gene therapy. Biosci Rep 2017; 37:BSR20160614. [PMID: 29089466 PMCID: PMC5715130 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20160614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Transposons derived from Sleeping Beauty (SB), piggyBac (PB), or Tol2 typically require cotransfection of transposon DNA with a transposase either as an expression plasmid or mRNA. Consequently, this results in genomic integration of the potentially therapeutic gene into chromosomes of the desired target cells, and thus conferring stable expression. Non-viral transfection methods are typically preferred to deliver the transposon components into the target cells. However, these methods do not match the efficacy typically attained with viral vectors and are sometimes associated with cellular toxicity evoked by the DNA itself. In recent years, the overall transposition efficacy has gradually increased by codon optimization of the transposase, generation of hyperactive transposases, and/or introduction of specific mutations in the transposon terminal repeats. Their versatility enabled the stable genetic engineering in many different primary cell types, including stem/progenitor cells and differentiated cell types. This prompted numerous preclinical proof-of-concept studies in disease models that demonstrated the potential of DNA transposons for ex vivo and in vivo gene therapy. One of the merits of transposon systems relates to their ability to deliver relatively large therapeutic transgenes that cannot readily be accommodated in viral vectors such as full-length dystrophin cDNA. These emerging insights paved the way toward the first transposon-based phase I/II clinical trials to treat hematologic cancer and other diseases. Though encouraging results were obtained, controlled pivotal clinical trials are needed to corroborate the efficacy and safety of transposon-based therapies.
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Tipanee J, VandenDriessche T, Chuah MK. Transposons: Moving Forward from Preclinical Studies to Clinical Trials. Hum Gene Ther 2017; 28:1087-1104. [DOI: 10.1089/hum.2017.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jaitip Tipanee
- Department of Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Free University of Brussels (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thierry VandenDriessche
- Department of Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Free University of Brussels (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
- Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marinee K. Chuah
- Department of Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Free University of Brussels (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
- Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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44
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Rawat N, Singh MK. Induced pluripotent stem cell: A headway in reprogramming with promising approach in regenerative biology. Vet World 2017; 10:640-649. [PMID: 28717316 PMCID: PMC5499081 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2017.640-649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the embryonic stem cells have knocked the doorsteps, they have proved themselves in the field of science, research, and medicines, but the hovered restrictions confine their application in human welfare. Alternate approaches used to reprogram the cells to the pluripotent state were not up to par, but the innovation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) paved a new hope for the researchers. Soon after the discovery, iPSCs technology is undergoing renaissance day by day, i.e., from the use of genetic material to recombinant proteins and now only chemicals are employed to convert somatic cells to iPSCs. Thus, this technique is moving straightforward and productive at an astonishing pace. Here, we provide a brief introduction to iPSCs, the mechanism and methods for their generation, their prevailing and prospective applications and the future opportunities that can be expected from them.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Rawat
- Embryo Biotechnology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR - National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal - 132 001, Haryana, India
| | - M K Singh
- Embryo Biotechnology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR - National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal - 132 001, Haryana, India
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45
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Characterization of the single-cell derived bovine induced pluripotent stem cells. Tissue Cell 2017; 49:521-527. [PMID: 28720304 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Single-cell derived bovine induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were generated by the introduction of piggyBac transposons with CAG promoting transcription factors (Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and cMyc). In the study, the bovine iPSCs colony from single cell could passage more than 50 passages after enzymatic dissociation into single cells. These bovine iPSCs cells kept the normal karyotype and displayed dome shaped clones similar to mouse embryonic stem cells. They showed pluripotency in many ways, including their expression of pluripotency markers, such as OCT3/4, NANOG, SOX2, SSEA1, SSEA4, and AP in immunofluorescence assay, Oct4, Nanog, Sox2, Klf4 and cMyc in RT-PCR. Additionally, single-cell derived bovine iPSCs formed embryoid bodies and teratomas that all subsequently gave rise to differentiated cells from all three embryonic germ layers. The results showed that our reprogramming method could obtain high efficiency single-cell cloning bovine iPSCs, and the efficiency of single cell cloning is 40%.
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46
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Talbot NC, Sparks WO, Phillips CE, Ealy AD, Powell AM, Caperna TJ, Garrett WM, Donovan DM, Blomberg LA. Bovine trophectoderm cells induced from bovine fibroblasts with induced pluripotent stem cell reprogramming factors. Mol Reprod Dev 2017; 84:468-485. [PMID: 28332752 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Thirteen independent induced bovine trophectroderm (iBT) cell lines were established by reprogramming bovine fetal liver-derived fibroblasts after viral-vector transduction with either six or eight factors, including POU5F1 (OCT4), KLF4, SOX2, MYC, NANOG, LIN28, SV40 large T antigen, and hTERT. Light- and electron-microscopy analysis showed that the iBT cells had epithelial cell morphology typical of bovine trophectoderm cells. Reverse-transcription-PCR assays indicated that all of the cell lines expressed interferon-tau (IFNT) at passages 1 or 2. At later passages (≥ passage 8), however, immunoblot and antiviral activity assays revealed that more than half of the iBT cell lines had stopped expressing IFNT. Messenger RNAs specific to trophectoderm differentiation and function were found in the iBT cell lines, and 2-dimensional-gel analysis for cellular proteins showed an expression pattern similar to that of trophectoderm cell lines derived from bovine blastocysts. Integration of some of the human reprogramming factors, including POU5F1, KLF4, SOX2, MYC, NANOG, and LIN28, were detected by PCR, but their transcription was mostly absent in the iBT cell lines. Gene expression assessment of endogenous bovine reprogramming factor orthologs revealed endogenous bLIN28 and bMYC transcripts in all; bSOX2 and bNANOG in none; and bKLF4 and bPOU5F1 in less than half of the iBT cell lines. These results demonstrate that bovine trophectoderm can be induced via reprogramming factor expression from bovine liver-derived fibroblasts, although other fibroblast populations-e.g., derived from fetal thigh tissue-may produce similar results, albeit at lower frequencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil C Talbot
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland
| | - Wendy O Sparks
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland
| | - Caitlin E Phillips
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland
| | - Alan D Ealy
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia
| | - Anne M Powell
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland
| | - Thomas J Caperna
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland
| | - Wesley M Garrett
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland
| | - David M Donovan
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland
| | - Le Ann Blomberg
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland
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Clinical potential of human-induced pluripotent stem cells : Perspectives of induced pluripotent stem cells. Cell Biol Toxicol 2016; 33:99-112. [PMID: 27900567 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-016-9370-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The recent establishment of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells promises the development of autologous cell therapies for degenerative diseases, without the ethical concerns associated with human embryonic stem (ES) cells. Initially, iPS cells were generated by retroviral transduction of somatic cells with core reprogramming genes. To avoid potential genotoxic effects associated with retroviral transfection, more recently, alternative non-viral gene transfer approaches were developed. Before a potential clinical application of iPS cell-derived therapies can be planned, it must be ensured that the reprogramming to pluripotency is not associated with genome mutagenesis or epigenetic aberrations. This may include direct effects of the reprogramming method or "off-target" effects associated with the reprogramming or the culture conditions. Thus, a rigorous safety testing of iPS or iPS-derived cells is imperative, including long-term studies in model animals. This will include not only rodents but also larger mammalian model species to allow for assessing long-term stability of the transplanted cells, functional integration into the host tissue, and freedom from undifferentiated iPS cells. Determination of the necessary cell dose is also critical; it is assumed that a minimum of 1 billion transplantable cells is required to achieve a therapeutic effect. This will request medium to long-term in vitro cultivation and dozens of cell divisions, bearing the risk of accumulating replication errors. Here, we review the clinical potential of human iPS cells and evaluate which are the most suitable approaches to overcome or minimize risks associated with the application of iPS cell-derived cell therapies.
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Narayanavari SA, Chilkunda SS, Ivics Z, Izsvák Z. Sleeping Beauty transposition: from biology to applications. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2016; 52:18-44. [PMID: 27696897 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2016.1237935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Sleeping Beauty (SB) is the first synthetic DNA transposon that was shown to be active in a wide variety of species. Here, we review studies from the last two decades addressing both basic biology and applications of this transposon. We discuss how host-transposon interaction modulates transposition at different steps of the transposition reaction. We also discuss how the transposon was translated for gene delivery and gene discovery purposes. We critically review the system in clinical, pre-clinical and non-clinical settings as a non-viral gene delivery tool in comparison with viral technologies. We also discuss emerging SB-based hybrid vectors aimed at combining the attractive safety features of the transposon with effective viral delivery. The success of the SB-based technology can be fundamentally attributed to being able to insert fairly randomly into genomic regions that allow stable long-term expression of the delivered transgene cassette. SB has emerged as an efficient and economical toolkit for safe and efficient gene delivery for medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suneel A Narayanavari
- a Mobile DNA , Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC) , Berlin , Germany
| | - Shreevathsa S Chilkunda
- a Mobile DNA , Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC) , Berlin , Germany
| | - Zoltán Ivics
- b Division of Medical Biotechnology , Paul Ehrlich Institute , Langen , Germany
| | - Zsuzsanna Izsvák
- a Mobile DNA , Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC) , Berlin , Germany
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49
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Differentiation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells to Lentoid Bodies Expressing a Lens Cell-Specific Fluorescent Reporter. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157570. [PMID: 27322380 PMCID: PMC4913943 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Curative approaches for eye cataracts and other eye abnormalities, such as myopia and hyperopia currently suffer from a lack of appropriate models. Here, we present a new approach for in vitro growth of lentoid bodies from induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells as a tool for ophthalmological research. We generated a transgenic mouse line with lens-specific expression of a fluorescent reporter driven by the alphaA crystallin promoter. Fetal fibroblasts were isolated from transgenic fetuses, reprogrammed to iPS cells, and differentiated to lentoid bodies exploiting the specific fluorescence of the lens cell-specific reporter. The employment of cell type-specific reporters for establishing and optimizing differentiation in vitro seems to be an efficient and generally applicable approach for developing differentiation protocols for desired cell populations.
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50
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Ogorevc J, Orehek S, Dovč P. Cellular reprogramming in farm animals: an overview of iPSC generation in the mammalian farm animal species. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2016; 7:10. [PMID: 26900466 PMCID: PMC4761155 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-016-0070-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Establishment of embryonic stem cell (ESC) lines has been successful in mouse and human, but not in farm animals. Development of direct reprogramming technology offers an alternative approach for generation of pluripotent stem cells, applicable also in farm animals. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) represent practically limitless, ethically acceptable, individuum-specific source of pluripotent cells that can be generated from different types of somatic cells. iPSCs can differentiate to all cell types of an organism’s body and have a tremendous potential for numerous applications in medicine, agriculture, and biotechnology. However, molecular mechanisms behind the reprogramming process remain largely unknown and hamper generation of bona fide iPSCs and their use in human clinical practice. Large animal models are essential to expand the knowledge obtained on rodents and facilitate development and validation of transplantation therapies in preclinical studies. Additionally, transgenic animals with special traits could be generated from genetically modified pluripotent cells, using advanced reproduction techniques. Despite their applicative potential, it seems that iPSCs in farm animals haven’t received the deserved attention. The aim of this review was to provide a systematic overview on iPSC generation in the most important mammalian farm animal species (cattle, pig, horse, sheep, goat, and rabbit), compare protein sequence similarity of pluripotency-related transcription factors in different species, and discuss potential uses of farm animal iPSCs. Literature mining revealed 32 studies, describing iPSC generation in pig (13 studies), cattle (5), horse (5), sheep (4), goat (3), and rabbit (2) that are summarized in a concise, tabular format.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ogorevc
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Domžale, Slovenia
| | - S Orehek
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Domžale, Slovenia
| | - P Dovč
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Domžale, Slovenia
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