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Liu Y, Liu S, Sheng H, Feng X, Wang S, Hu Y, Zhang L, Cai B, Ma Y. Revolutionizing cattle breeding: Gene editing advancements for enhancing economic traits. Gene 2024; 927:148595. [PMID: 38795857 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Beef and dairy products are rich in protein and amino acids, making them highly nutritious for human consumption. The increasing use of gene editing technology in agriculture has paved the way for genetic improvement in cattle breeding via the development of the CRISPR/Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein) system. Gene sequences are artificially altered and employed in the pursuit of improving bovine breeding research through targeted knockout, knock-in, substitution, and mutation methods. This review offers a comprehensive analysis of the advancements in gene editing technology and its diverse applications in enhancing both quantitative and qualitative traits across livestock. These applications encompass areas such as meat quality, milk quality, fertility, disease resistance, environmental adaptability, sex control, horn development, and coat colour. Furthermore, the review considers prospective ideas and insights that may be employed to refine breeding traits, enhance editing efficiency, and navigate the ethical considerations associated with these advancements. The review's focus on improving the quality of beef and milk is intended to enhance the economic viability of these products. Furthermore, it constitutes a valuable resource for scholars and researchers engaged in the fields of cattle genetic improvement and breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
| | - Shuang Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
| | - Hui Sheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
| | - Xue Feng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
| | - Shuzhe Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
| | - Yamei Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
| | - Lingkai Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
| | - Bei Cai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Yun Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
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Tara A, Singh P, Gautam D, Tripathi G, Uppal C, Malhotra S, De S, Singh MK, Telugu BP, Selokar NL. CRISPR-mediated editing of β-lactoglobulin (BLG) gene in buffalo. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14822. [PMID: 38937564 PMCID: PMC11211398 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65359-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Milk is a good source of nutrition but is also a source of allergenic proteins such as α-lactalbumin, β-lactoglobulin (BLG), casein, and immunoglobulins. The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/Cas technology has the potential to edit any gene, including milk allergens. Previously, CRISPR/Cas has been successfully employed in dairy cows and goats, but buffaloes remain unexplored for any milk trait. In this study, we utilized the CRISPR/Cas9 system to edit the major milk allergen BLG gene in buffaloes. First, the editing efficiency of designed sgRNAs was tested in fibroblast cells using the T7E assay and Sanger sequencing. The most effective sgRNA was selected to generate clonal lines of BLG-edited cells. Analysis of 15 single-cell clones, through TA cloning and Sanger sequencing, revealed that 7 clones exhibited bi-allelic (-/-) heterozygous, bi-allelic (-/-) homozygous, and mono-allelic (-/+) disruptions in BLG. Bioinformatics prediction analysis confirmed that non-multiple-of-3 edited nucleotide cell clones have frame shifts and early truncation of BLG protein, while multiple-of-3 edited nucleotides resulted in slightly disoriented protein structures. Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) method was used to produce blastocyst-stage embryos that have similar developmental rates and quality with wild-type embryos. This study demonstrated the successful bi-allelic editing (-/-) of BLG in buffalo cells through CRISPR/Cas, followed by the production of BLG-edited blastocyst stage embryos using SCNT. With CRISPR and SCNT methods described herein, our long-term goal is to generate gene-edited buffaloes with BLG-free milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aseem Tara
- Animal Biotechnology Division (ABTD), ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Priyanka Singh
- Animal Biotechnology Division (ABTD), ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Devika Gautam
- Animal Biotechnology Division (ABTD), ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Gaurav Tripathi
- Animal Biotechnology Division (ABTD), ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Chirag Uppal
- Animal Biotechnology Division (ABTD), ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Shreya Malhotra
- Animal Biotechnology Division (ABTD), ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Sacchinandan De
- Animal Biotechnology Division (ABTD), ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Manoj K Singh
- Animal Biotechnology Division (ABTD), ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Bhanu P Telugu
- Division of Animal Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Naresh L Selokar
- Animal Biotechnology Division (ABTD), ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India.
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Punetha M, Kumar D, Saini S, Chaudhary S, Bajwa KK, Sharma S, Mangal M, Yadav PS, Green JA, Whitworth K, Datta TK. Optimising Electroporation Condition for CRISPR/Cas-Mediated Knockout in Zona-Intact Buffalo Zygotes. Animals (Basel) 2023; 14:134. [PMID: 38200865 PMCID: PMC10778295 DOI: 10.3390/ani14010134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Somatic cell nuclear transfer or cytoplasm microinjection has widely been used to produce genome-edited farm animals; however, these methods have several drawbacks which reduce their efficiency. In the present study, we describe an easy adaptable approach for the introduction of mutations using CRISPR-Cas9 electroporation of zygote (CRISPR-EP) in buffalo. The goal of the study was to determine the optimal conditions for an experimental method in which the CRISPR/Cas9 system is introduced into in vitro-produced buffalo zygotes by electroporation. Electroporation was performed using different combinations of voltage, pulse and time, and we observed that the electroporation in buffalo zygote at 20 V/mm, 5 pulses, 3 msec at 10 h post insemination (hpi) resulted in increased membrane permeability and higher knockout efficiency without altering embryonic developmental potential. Using the above parameters, we targeted buffalo POU5F1 gene as a proof of concept and found no variations in embryonic developmental competence at cleavage or blastocyst formation rate between control, POU5F1-KO, and electroporated control (EC) embryos. To elucidate the effect of POU5F1-KO on other pluripotent genes, we determined the relative expression of SOX2, NANOG, and GATA2 in the control (POU5F1 intact) and POU5F1-KO-confirmed blastocyst. POU5F1-KO significantly (p ≤ 0.05) altered the expression of SOX2, NANOG, and GATA2 in blastocyst stage embryos. In conclusion, we standardized an easy and straightforward protocol CRISPR-EP method that could be served as a useful method for studying the functional genomics of buffalo embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meeti Punetha
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Sheetal Saini
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Suman Chaudhary
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Kamlesh Kumari Bajwa
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Surabhi Sharma
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Manu Mangal
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Prem S. Yadav
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Jonathan A. Green
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Kristin Whitworth
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Tirtha K. Datta
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
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Bajwa KK, Punetha M, Kumar D, Yadav PS, Long CR, Selokar NL. Electroporation-based CRISPR gene editing in adult buffalo fibroblast cells. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:5055-5066. [PMID: 37870061 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2023.2271030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Electroporation is a widely used method for delivering CRISPR components into cells; however, it presents challenges when applied to difficult-to-transfect cells like adult buffalo fibroblasts. In this study, the ITGB2 gene (encoding the CD18 protein), plays vital for cellular adhesion and immune responses, was selected for editing experiments. To optimize electroporation conditions, we investigated parameters such as electric field strength, pulse duration, plasmid DNA amount, cuvette type, and cell type. The best transfection rates were obtained in a 4 mm gap cuvette with a single 20-millisecond pulse of 300 V using a 10 μg of all-in-one CRISPR plasmid for 106 cells in 100 μL of electroporation buffer. Increasing DNA quantity enhanced transfection rates but compromised cell viability. The 4 mm cuvette gap had high transfection rates than the 2 mm gap, and newborn cells exhibited higher transfection rates than adult cells. We achieved transfection rates of 10-12% with a cell viability of 25-30% for adult fibroblast cells. Subsequently, successfully edited the ITGB2 gene with a 30% editing efficiency, confirmed through various analysis methods, including T7E1 assay, TIDE and ICE analysis, and TA cloning. In conclusion, electroporation conditions reported here can edit buffalo gene(s) for various biotechnological research applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamlesh Kumari Bajwa
- Division of Animal Physiology and Reproduction, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, India
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Meeti Punetha
- Division of Animal Physiology and Reproduction, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar
- Division of Animal Physiology and Reproduction, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, India
| | - Prem Singh Yadav
- Division of Animal Physiology and Reproduction, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, India
| | - Chares R Long
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Naresh L Selokar
- Division of Animal Physiology and Reproduction, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, India
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
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Pathak J, Singh SP, Kharche SD, Goel A, Soni YK, Kaushik R, Kose M, Kumar A. Cell culture media dependent in vitro dynamics and culture characteristics of adult caprine dermal fibroblast cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13716. [PMID: 37607956 PMCID: PMC10444776 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38634-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The enhanced availability of functional fibroblasts from precious tissue samples requires an ideal cell-culture system. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the performance of caprine adult fibroblast cells (cadFibroblast) when cultivated in different culture media. The cadFibroblast cell lines from adult Barbari (Capra hircus) bucks were established and the effect of different media viz. DMEM/F-12 [with low-glucose (5.5 mM; DL) and high-glucose (30 mM; DH)], α-MEM [with low-glucose (5.5 mM; ML) and with high-glucose (30 mM; MH)], and fibroblast growth medium (FGM) were evaluated. Cells were then compared for growth characteristics and in-vitro dynamics through cellular morphology, proliferation, population-doubling time, double-immunocytochemistry, colony-forming units, wound healing, transwell migration, and differential expression of fibroblast-specific markers (FSP-1 and vimentin). The results of immunocytochemistry, transwell migration/invasion, and wound healing assays showed the superiority of DH over DL and other media tested. Whereas, similar effects of glucose supplementation and expression of FSP-1 were not observed in α-MEM. Transwell migration was significantly (p < 0.05) lower in FGM compared with other media tested. Overall, our results illustrate the media-dependent deviation in in-vitro dynamics and culture characteristics of cadFibroblasts that may be useful to develop strategies to cultivate these cells efficiently for research and downstream applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhi Pathak
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281 122, India
- Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281 406, India
| | - Shiva Pratap Singh
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281 122, India.
| | - Suresh Dinkar Kharche
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281 122, India.
| | - Anjana Goel
- Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281 406, India
| | - Yogesh K Soni
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281 122, India
| | - Rakesh Kaushik
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281 122, India
| | - Megha Kose
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281 122, India
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281 122, India
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