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Tu CF, Peng SH, Chuang CK, Wong CH, Yang TS. - Invited Review - Reproductive technologies needed for the generation of precise gene-edited pigs in the pathways from laboratory to farm. Anim Biosci 2023; 36:339-349. [PMID: 36397683 PMCID: PMC9899582 DOI: 10.5713/ab.22.0389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene editing (GE) offers a new breeding technique (NBT) of sustainable value to animal agriculture. There are 3 GE working sites covering 5 feasible pathways to generate GE pigs along with the crucial intervals of GE/genotyping, microinjection/electroporation, induced pluripotent stem cells, somatic cell nuclear transfer, cryopreservation, and nonsurgical embryo transfer. The extension of NBT in the new era of pig breeding depends on the synergistic effect of GE and reproductive biotechnologies; the outcome relies not only on scientific due diligence and operational excellence but also on the feasibility of application on farms to improve sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Fu Tu
- Division of Animal Technology, Animal Technology Research Center, Agricultural Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu 30093,
Taiwan,Corresponding Author: Ching-Fu Tu, Tel: +886-37-585815, E-mail:
| | - Shu-Hui Peng
- Division of Animal Technology, Animal Technology Research Center, Agricultural Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu 30093,
Taiwan
| | - Chin-kai Chuang
- Division of Animal Technology, Animal Technology Research Center, Agricultural Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu 30093,
Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hong Wong
- Division of Animal Technology, Animal Technology Research Center, Agricultural Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu 30093,
Taiwan
| | - Tien-Shuh Yang
- Division of Animal Technology, Animal Technology Research Center, Agricultural Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu 30093,
Taiwan,Department of Biotechnology and Animal Science, National Ilan University, Yilan 260007,
Taiwan
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Improved developmental ability of porcine oocytes grown in nude mice after fusion with cytoplasmic fragments prepared by centrifugation: A model for utilization of primordial oocytes. Theriogenology 2013; 80:887-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2013.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Revised: 07/07/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Viet Linh N, Kikuchi K, Nakai M, Tanihara F, Noguchi J, Kaneko H, Dang-Nguyen TQ, Men NT, Van Hanh N, Somfai T, Nguyen BX, Nagai T, Manabe N. Fertilization ability of porcine oocytes reconstructed from ooplasmic fragments produced and characterized after serial centrifugations. J Reprod Dev 2013; 59:549-56. [PMID: 23965685 PMCID: PMC3934151 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2013-042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are reported to be critical in in vitro maturation of oocytes and subsequent embryo development after fertilization, but their contribution for fertilization has not been investigated in detail. In the present study, we investigate the contribution of mitochondria to fertilization using reconstructed porcine oocytes by fusion of ooplasmic fragments produced by serial centrifugations (centri-fusion). Firstly, we evaluated the characteristics of ooplasmic fragments. Three types of fragments were obtained by centrifugation of porcine oocytes matured in vitro for 46 h: brownish (B), transparent (T) and large (L) fragments containing both B and T parts in a fragment. The production efficiencies of these types of fragments were 71.7, 91.0 and 17.8 fragments/100 oocytes, respectively. In experiments, L fragments were excluded because they contained both brownish and transparent components that were apparently intermediate between B and T fragments. Observations by confocal microscopy after staining with MitoTracker Red CMXRos® and transmission electron microscopy revealed highly condensed active mitochondria in B fragments in contrast to T fragments that contained only sparse organelles. We reconstructed oocytes by fusion of a karyoplast and two cytoplasts from B and T fragments (B and T oocytes, respectively). The B oocytes showed higher sperm penetration (95.8%) and male pronuclear formation rates (94.2%) by in vitro fertilization than T oocytes (66.7% and 50.0%, respectively). These results suggest that the active mitochondria in oocytes may be related to their ability for fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Viet Linh
- Animal Resource Science Center, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Ibaraki 319-0206, Japan
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Maside C, Gil M, Cuello C, Sanchez-Osorio J, Parrilla I, Vazquez J, Roca J, Martinez E. Exposure of in vitro-matured porcine oocytes to SYBR-14 and fluorescence impairs their developmental capacity. Anim Reprod Sci 2012; 133:101-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2012.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2011] [Revised: 04/19/2012] [Accepted: 06/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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SOMFAI T, KIKUCHI K, NAGAI T. Factors Affecting Cryopreservation of Porcine Oocytes. J Reprod Dev 2012; 58:17-24. [DOI: 10.1262/jrd.11-140n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tamás SOMFAI
- National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Ibaraki 305-0901, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro KIKUCHI
- National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan
| | - Takashi NAGAI
- National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Ibaraki 305-0901, Japan
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Kikuchi K, Nakai M, Kashiwazaki N, Kaneko H. Xenografting of gonadal tissues into mice as a possible method for conservation and utilization of porcine genetic resources. Anim Sci J 2011; 82:495-503. [PMID: 21794005 DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-0929.2011.00919.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
In vitro production of embryos, including in vitro maturation, fertilization of oocytes and their subsequent culture to the embryo stage, has become the most popular method of studying gametogenesis and embryogenesis in pigs. As well as their utility for basic studies, these procedures now enable us to generate viable embryos and offspring as a means of conserving genetic resources and rare animal breeds. Recently, more advanced technologies such as xenografting of gonadal (testicular and ovarian) tissues into immunodeficient experimental animals have been developed. In combination with in vitro embryo production techniques, this approach may provide many benefits. We have been carrying out studies to acquire basic information about the application of this method to porcine species, and to improve the existing techniques. Recently, we obtained oocytes from ovarian tissue xenografted and grown in nude mice that had the capacity to be fertilized and the ability to develop into early-stage embryos. We also obtained spermatozoa from the xenografted testicular tissues and injected them intracytoplasmically into in vitro-matured oocytes to produce piglets. Here we discuss the further possibilities of conservation and utilization of porcine gonadal tissue by xenografting into immunodeficient mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Kikuchi
- Division of Animal Sciences, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
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VIET LINH N, KIKUCHI K, NAKAI M, NOGUCHI J, KANEKO H, DANG-NGUYEN TQ, MAEDOMARI N, NGUYEN BX, NAGAI T, MANABE N. Improvement of Porcine Oocytes with Low Developmental Ability after Fusion of Cytoplasmic Fragments Prepared by Serial Centrifugation. J Reprod Dev 2011; 57:620-6. [DOI: 10.1262/jrd.11-053h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen VIET LINH
- Animal Resource Science Center, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Ibaraki 319-0206, Japan
- Division of Animal Sciences, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnamese Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Kazuhiro KIKUCHI
- Division of Animal Sciences, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan
| | - Michiko NAKAI
- Division of Animal Sciences, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan
| | - Junko NOGUCHI
- Division of Animal Sciences, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki KANEKO
- Division of Animal Sciences, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan
| | - Thanh Quang DANG-NGUYEN
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnamese Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
- National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Ibaraki 305-0901, Japan
| | - Naoki MAEDOMARI
- Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Bui Xuan NGUYEN
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnamese Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Takashi NAGAI
- National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Ibaraki 305-0901, Japan
| | - Noboru MANABE
- Animal Resource Science Center, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Ibaraki 319-0206, Japan
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Maedomari N, Kikuchi K, Nagai T, Fahrudin M, Kaneko H, Noguchi J, Nakai M, Ozawa M, Somfai T, Nguyen LV, Ito J, Kashiwazaki N. Nuclear replacement of in vitro-matured porcine oocytes by a serial centrifugation and fusion method. Reprod Domest Anim 2009; 45:659-65. [PMID: 19144027 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2008.01324.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to establish a method for nuclear replacement in metaphase-II (M-II) stage porcine oocytes. Karyoplasts containing M-II chromosomes (K) and cytoplasts without chromosomes (C) were produced from in vitro-matured oocytes by a serial centrifugation method. The oocytes were then reconstructed by fusion of one karyoplast with 1, 2, 3 or 4 cytoplasts (K + 1C, K + 2C, K + 3C and K + 4C, respectively). Reconstructed oocytes, karyoplasts without fusion of any cytoplast (K) and zona-free M-II oocytes (control) were used for experiments. The rates of female pronucleus formation after parthenogenetic activation in all groups of reconstructed oocytes (58.2-77.4%) were not different from those of the K and control groups (58.2% and 66.0%, respectively). In vitro fertilization was carried out to assay the fertilization ability and subsequent embryonic development of the reconstructed oocytes. The cytoplast : karyoplast ratio did not affect the fertilization status (penetration and male pronuclear formation rates) of the oocytes. A significantly high monospermy rate was found in K oocytes (p < 0.05, 61.6%) compared with the other groups (18.2-32.8%). Blastocyst formation rates increased significantly as the number of the cytoplasts fused with karyoplasts increased (p < 0.05, 0.0-15.3%). The blastocyst rate in the K + 4C group (15.3%) was comparable with that of the control (17.8%). Total cell numbers in both the K + 3C and K + 4C groups (16.0 and 15.3 cells, respectively) were comparable with that of the control (26.2 cells). Our results demonstrate that a serial centrifugation and fusion (Centri-Fusion) is an effective method for producing M-II chromosome transferred oocytes with normal fertilization ability and in vitro development. It is suggested that the number of cytoplasts fused with a karyoplast plays a critical role in embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Maedomari
- Division of Animal Sciences, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Kikuchi K, Kashiwazaki N, Nagai T, Nakai M, Somfai T, Noguchi J, Kaneko H. Selected aspects of advanced porcine reproductive technology. Reprod Domest Anim 2008; 43 Suppl 2:401-6. [PMID: 18638153 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2008.01191.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
In vitro fertilization (IVF) of in vitro matured (IVM) oocytes in pigs has become the most popular method of studying gametogenesis and embryogenesis in this species. Furthermore, because of recent advances in in vitro culture (IVC) of IVM-IVF embryos, in vitro production (IVP) of embryos now enables us to generate viable embryos as successfully as for in vivo-derived embryos and with less cost and in less time. These technologies contribute not only to developments in reproductive physiology and agriculture but also to the conservation of porcine genetic resources and the production of cloned or genetically modified pigs. However, in IVP, there still remains the problem of abnormal ploidy, which is caused by performing procedures under non-physiological conditions. In recent years, unique technologies such as intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) or xenografting of gonadal tissue into immunodeficient experimental animals have been developed to help conserve gamete resources. These technologies combined with IVP are expected to be useful for the conservation of gametes from important genetic resources. Here, we discuss the developmental ability and normality of porcine IVP embryos and also the utilization of ICSI and xenografting in advancing biotechnology in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kikuchi
- Division of Animal Sciences, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
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