Evaluating the Performance of the Indian Diabetes Risk Score in Different Ethnic Groups

Risk assessment of diabetes using the Indian Diabetes Risk Score among older adults: Secondary analysis from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India

BACKGROUND

The Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS) is a simple tool to assess the probability of an individual having type 2 diabetes (T2DM) but its applicability in community-dwelling older adults is lacking. This study aimed to estimate the risk of T2DM and its determinants among older adults without prior diabetes (DM) using the IDRS, while also assessing its sensitivity and specificity in individuals with a history of diabetes.

METHODS

We analyzed cross-sectional data from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) wave-1 (2017-18). IDRS was calculated amongst individuals aged ≥45 years considering waist circumference, physical activity, age and family history of DM. Risk was categorized as high (≥60), moderate (30-50), and low (<30).

RESULTS

Among 64541 individuals, 7.27 % (95 % CI: 6.78, 7.80) were at low risk, 61.80 % (95 % CI: 60.99, 62.61) at moderate risk, and 30.93 % (95 % CI: 30.19, 31.67) at high risk for T2DM. Adjusted analysis showed higher risk of T2DM among men, widowed/divorced, urban residents, minority religions, overweight, obese, and individuals with hypertension. ROC curve yielded an AUC of 0.67 (95 % CI: 0.66, 0.67, P < 0.001). The IDRS cutoff ≥50 had 73.69 % sensitivity and 51.40 % specificity for T2DM detection.

CONCLUSION

More than 9 in 10 older adults in India without history of DM have high-moderate risk of T2DM when assessed with the IDRS risk-prediction tool. However, the low specificity and moderate sensitivity of IDRS in existing DM cases constraints its practical utility as a decision tool for screening.

Risk Assessment for Diabetes Mellitus by Using Indian Diabetes Risk Score Among Office Workers of Health Institutions of South India

BACKGROUND

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the non-communicable diseases plaguing the world and contributes a major part to the total disease burden. Diabetes has been prevalent in all countries throughout the years, with the majority of diabetics living in low- and middle-income countries. Madras Diabetes Research Foundation developed the Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS), a simple and cost-effective method to assess the chances of developing diabetes.

OBJECTIVES

To assess the diabetes risk profile of office workers using IDRS and to determine the proportion of individual risk factors of diabetes among the participants.

METHODS

This cross sectional study included 94 non-diabetic office workers working in two health care institutions situated in coastal South India. Data was collected by a study questionnaire consisting of three sections. Section A included details related to participant characteristics, Section B included anthropometric measurements, and Section C consisted of the Indian Diabetes Risk Score. The collected data were coded and entered into Statistical Package for Social Sciences.

RESULTS

The mean age of the study participants was 40.88 (±9.761) years, and the mean BMI was 23.8 (±3.6) kg/m2. Majority (n=65, 67%) of the study participants did not have a family history of diabetes. One-third of the study participants had IDRS ≥ 60, which allocated them in the high risk category for type 2 diabetes (n=34, 35.1%).

CONCLUSION

It has been conclusively shown from the study that most of the office workers have moderate to high risk of developing diabetes and are also overweight or obese.