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Wang H, Akbari-Alavijeh S, Parhar RS, Gaugler R, Hashmi S. Partners in diabetes epidemic: A global perspective. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:1463-1477. [PMID: 37970124 PMCID: PMC10642420 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i10.1463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a recent increase in the worldwide prevalence of both obesity and diabetes. In this review we assessed insulin signaling, genetics, environment, lipid metabolism dysfunction and mitochondria as the major determinants in diabetes and to identify the potential mechanism of gut microbiota in diabetes diseases. We searched relevant articles, which have key information from laboratory experiments, epidemiological evidence, clinical trials, experimental models, meta-analysis and review articles, in PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Google scholars and Cochrane Controlled Trial Database. We selected 144 full-length articles that met our inclusion and exclusion criteria for complete assessment. We have briefly discussed these associations, challenges, and the need for further research to manage and treat diabetes more efficiently. Diabetes involves the complex network of physiological dysfunction that can be attributed to insulin signaling, genetics, environment, obesity, mitochondria and stress. In recent years, there are intriguing findings regarding gut microbiome as the important regulator of diabetes. Valid approaches are necessary for speeding medical advances but we should find a solution sooner given the burden of the metabolic disorder - What we need is a collaborative venture that may involve laboratories both in academia and industries for the scientific progress and its application for the diabetes control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning Province, China
- Rutgers Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States
| | - Safoura Akbari-Alavijeh
- Rutgers Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Ranjit S Parhar
- Department of Biological and Medical Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Randy Gaugler
- Rutgers Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States
| | - Sarwar Hashmi
- Rutgers Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States
- Research and Diagnostics, Ghazala and Sanya Hashmi Foundation, Holmdel, NJ 07733, United States
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2
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Wang H, Brey CW, Wang Y, Gaugler R, Hashmi S. KLF regulation of insulin pathway genes. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:87. [PMID: 36816753 PMCID: PMC9935763 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03502-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Alteration in lipid metabolism can result in fat accumulation in adipose tissues, which may lead to two most important human diseases, obesity and diabetes. A shift in lipid metabolism deregulates signaling pathways which regulates obesity and/or diabetes. In this study, we examined the components of insulin/ TGF-β pathways and their genetic interaction with Krüppel-like transcription factors (KLFs). Their role in energy homeostasis were discussed. We separately created klf/daf genes double mutants by carrying out klfs RNAi on daf-2 (e1391), daf-4 (e1364), daf-7 (e1372); dpy-1 (e1), daf-14 (m77), daf-16 (mgDf50) mutants. And then conducted Oil O Red staining to assay the klf/daf RNAi worms for fat deposits and examine genetic interaction between klfs and daf genes. The results showed that worms bearing klf-1, 2, or 3 and daf-2, or daf-4 mutations deposit large, but similar fat levels as individual mutants. The results suggested that they target the same molecular pathway of fat storage. klf-1, 2 or 3 RNAi /daf-7 worms showed higher fat deposits in klf-1, 2, or 3 RNAi/daf-7 worms than klf-1, 2, or 3 RNAi or daf-7 mutants alone, which showed a functional interaction between klfs and daf-7 in perhaps TGF-β-like pathway. Altogether our study suggests a direct role of klfs in insulin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agriculture University, Shanyang, 110866 China
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, USA
| | | | - Yi Wang
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, 180 Jones Avenue, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA
| | - Randy Gaugler
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, 180 Jones Avenue, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA
| | - Sarwar Hashmi
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, 180 Jones Avenue, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, USA
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3
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Takeuchi Y, Yahagi N, Aita Y, Mehrazad-Saber Z, Ho MH, Huyan Y, Murayama Y, Shikama A, Masuda Y, Izumida Y, Miyamoto T, Matsuzaka T, Kawakami Y, Shimano H. FoxO-KLF15 pathway switches the flow of macronutrients under the control of insulin. iScience 2021; 24:103446. [PMID: 34988390 PMCID: PMC8710527 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
KLF15 is a transcription factor that plays an important role in the activation of gluconeogenesis from amino acids as well as the suppression of lipogenesis from glucose. Here we identified the transcription start site of liver-specific KLF15 transcript and showed that FoxO1/3 transcriptionally regulates Klf15 gene expression by directly binding to the liver-specific Klf15 promoter. To achieve this, we performed a precise in vivo promoter analysis combined with the genome-wide transcription-factor-screening method "TFEL scan", using our original Transcription Factor Expression Library (TFEL), which covers nearly all the transcription factors in the mouse genome. Hepatic Klf15 expression is significantly increased via FoxOs by attenuating insulin signaling. Furthermore, FoxOs elevate the expression levels of amino acid catabolic enzymes and suppress SREBP-1c via KLF15, resulting in accelerated amino acid breakdown and suppressed lipogenesis during fasting. Thus, the FoxO-KLF15 pathway contributes to switching the macronutrient flow in the liver under the control of insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Takeuchi
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.,Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Naoya Yahagi
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.,Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yuichi Aita
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.,Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Zahra Mehrazad-Saber
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.,Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Man Hei Ho
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.,Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yiren Huyan
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yuki Murayama
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.,Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Akito Shikama
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.,Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yukari Masuda
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.,Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Izumida
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Takafumi Miyamoto
- Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Takashi Matsuzaka
- Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yasushi Kawakami
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Shimano
- Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
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4
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Hsieh PN, Zhou G, Yuan Y, Zhang R, Prosdocimo DA, Sangwung P, Borton AH, Boriushkin E, Hamik A, Fujioka H, Fealy CE, Kirwan JP, Peters M, Lu Y, Liao X, Ramírez-Bergeron D, Feng Z, Jain MK. A conserved KLF-autophagy pathway modulates nematode lifespan and mammalian age-associated vascular dysfunction. Nat Commun 2017; 8:914. [PMID: 29030550 PMCID: PMC5640649 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00899-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of protein and organelle quality control secondary to reduced autophagy is a hallmark of aging. However, the physiologic and molecular regulation of autophagy in long-lived organisms remains incompletely understood. Here we show that the Kruppel-like family of transcription factors are important regulators of autophagy and healthspan in C. elegans, and also modulate mammalian vascular age-associated phenotypes. Kruppel-like family of transcription factor deficiency attenuates autophagy and lifespan extension across mechanistically distinct longevity nematode models. Conversely, Kruppel-like family of transcription factor overexpression extends nematode lifespan in an autophagy-dependent manner. Furthermore, we show the mammalian vascular factor Kruppel-like family of transcription factor 4 has a conserved role in augmenting autophagy and improving vessel function in aged mice. Kruppel-like family of transcription factor 4 expression also decreases with age in human vascular endothelium. Thus, Kruppel-like family of transcription factors constitute a transcriptional regulatory point for the modulation of autophagy and longevity in C. elegans with conserved effects in the murine vasculature and potential implications for mammalian vascular aging.KLF family transcription factors (KLFs) regulate many cellular processes, including proliferation, survival and stress responses. Here, the authors position KLFs as important regulators of autophagy and lifespan in C. elegans, a role that may extend to the modulation of age-associated vascular phenotypes in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paishiun N Hsieh
- Department of Medicine, Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.,Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, 2103 Cornell Road, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.,Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Guangjin Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.,Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, 2103 Cornell Road, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Yiyuan Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Rongli Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.,Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, 2103 Cornell Road, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Domenick A Prosdocimo
- Department of Medicine, Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.,Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, 2103 Cornell Road, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Panjamaporn Sangwung
- Department of Medicine, Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.,Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, 2103 Cornell Road, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Anna H Borton
- Department of Medicine, Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.,Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, 2103 Cornell Road, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.,Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Evgenii Boriushkin
- Department of Medicine, Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.,Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, 2103 Cornell Road, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Anne Hamik
- Department of Medicine, Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.,Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, 2103 Cornell Road, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Hisashi Fujioka
- Electron Microscopy Facility, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Center for Mitochondrial Diseases, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Ciaran E Fealy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Cunningham Hall, Kent, OH, 44242, USA
| | - John P Kirwan
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.,Metabolic Translational Research Center, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue/ M83-02, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Maureen Peters
- Department of Biology, Oberlin College, 119 Woodland Street, Oberlin, OH, 44074, USA
| | - Yuan Lu
- Department of Medicine, Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.,Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, 2103 Cornell Road, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Xudong Liao
- Department of Medicine, Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.,Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, 2103 Cornell Road, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Diana Ramírez-Bergeron
- Department of Medicine, Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.,Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, 2103 Cornell Road, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Zhaoyang Feng
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
| | - Mukesh K Jain
- Department of Medicine, Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA. .,Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, 2103 Cornell Road, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
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5
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Ling J, Brey C, Schilling M, Lateef F, Lopez-Dee ZP, Fernandes K, Thiruchelvam K, Wang Y, Chandel K, Rau K, Parhar R, Al-Mohanna F, Gaugler R, Hashmi S. Defective lipid metabolism associated with mutation in klf-2 and klf-3: important roles of essential dietary salts in fat storage. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2017; 14:22. [PMID: 28261316 PMCID: PMC5331652 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-017-0172-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dietary salts are important factors in metabolic disorders. They are vital components of enzymes, vitamins, hormones, and signal transduction that act synergistically to regulate lipid metabolism. Our previous studies have identified that Krüppel-like factor −3 (KLF-3) is an essential regulator of lipid metabolism. However, it is not known if KLF-2 also regulates lipid metabolism and whether KLF-2 and −3 mediate the effects of dietary salts on lipid metabolism. Methods In this study, we used klf mutants [homozygous klf-2 (ok1043) V and klf-3 (ok1975) II mutants] to investigate the role of dietary salts in lipid metabolism. All gene expression was quantified by qRT-PCR. Localization of KLF-2 was analyzed by the expression of klf-2::gfp (in pPD95.75 vector) using a fluorescent microscope. Fat storage was measured by Oil Red O staining. Results Klf-2 was identified to express in the intestine during all stages of Caenorhabditis elegans development with peak expression at L3 stage. Mutation of klf-2 increased fat accumulation. Under regular growth media free of Ca2+, the expression of both klf-2 and −3 was inhibited slightly; further their expression reduced significantly in WT worms fed on 10X Ca2+ diet. When klf-3 was mutated, the expression of klf-2 increased under 10X Ca2+ diet; but when klf-2 was mutated, the expression of klf-3 was not altered under 10X Ca2+ diet. Overall, Mg2+ and K+ were less effective on the gene expression of klfs. KLF target gene Ce-C/EBP-2 showed elevated expression in WT and klf-3 (ok1975) worms with changed Ca2+ concentrations but not in klf-2 (ok1043) worms. However, high Ca+2 diet exhibited inhibitory effect on Ce-SREBP expression in WT worms. Conclusion Dietary Ca2+ is most effective on fat storage and klf-2 expression, wherein high Ca2+ diet decreased klf-2 expression and reduced fat buildup. Mechanistic study identified Ce-C/EBP (C48E7.3; lpd-2) and Ce-SREBP (Y47D3B.7; lpd-1) as the target genes of klf-2 and/or klf-3 to mediate lipid metabolism. This study identifies a new function of klf-2 in inhibiting fat buildup and reveals the interplay between dietary salts and klf-2 and klf-3 in lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ling
- Department of Basic Sciences, Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine, 525 Pine Street, Scranton, PA 18509 USA
| | | | - Megan Schilling
- Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Biosciences Huck Institute of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
| | - Farah Lateef
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, 180, Jones Avenue, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA
| | - Zenaida P Lopez-Dee
- Department of Basic Sciences, Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine, 525 Pine Street, Scranton, PA 18509 USA
| | - Kristopher Fernandes
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, 180, Jones Avenue, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA
| | - Kavita Thiruchelvam
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, 180, Jones Avenue, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA
| | - Yi Wang
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, 180, Jones Avenue, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA
| | - Kshitij Chandel
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, 180, Jones Avenue, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA
| | - Kai Rau
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, 180, Jones Avenue, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA
| | - Ranjit Parhar
- Department of Cell Biology-Cardiovascular unit, KFSH&RC, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Futwan Al-Mohanna
- Department of Cell Biology-Cardiovascular unit, KFSH&RC, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Randy Gaugler
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, 180, Jones Avenue, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA
| | - Sarwar Hashmi
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, 180, Jones Avenue, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.,Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, & Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA
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6
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Witting M, Schmitt-Kopplin P. The Caenorhabditis elegans lipidome. Arch Biochem Biophys 2016; 589:27-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2015.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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7
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Human cancer: Is it linked to dysfunctional lipid metabolism? Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2015; 1850:352-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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8
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A Krüppel-like factor downstream of the E3 ligase WWP-1 mediates dietary-restriction-induced longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans. Nat Commun 2014; 5:3772. [PMID: 24805825 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The HECT ubiquitin E3 ligase WWP-1 is a positive regulator of lifespan in response to dietary restriction (DR) in Caenorhabditis elegans. However, substrates of WWP-1 for ubiquitylation in the DR pathway have not yet been identified. Here we identify the C. elegans Krüppel-like factor, KLF-1, as an essential and specific regulator of DR-induced longevity and a substrate for ubiquitylation by WWP-1. Knockdown of klf-1 suppresses the extended lifespan of both DR animals and wwp-1-overexpressing animals, indicating that KLF-1 functions within the same pathway as WWP-1. In addition, overexpression of klf-1 in the intestine is sufficient to extend the lifespan of WT animals on an ad libitum diet, and requires wwp-1 or pha-4/FoxA. We demonstrate that WWP-1 directly interacts with KLF-1 and mediates multiple monoubiquitylation of KLF-1 in vitro and in cellulo. Our data support a model in which modulation of KLF-1 by WWP-1 regulates diet-restriction-induced longevity.
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9
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Zhang J, Hashmi S, Cheema F, Al-Nasser N, Bakheet R, Parhar RS, Al-Mohanna F, Gaugler R, Hussain MM, Hashmi S. Regulation of lipoprotein assembly, secretion and fatty acid β-oxidation by Krüppel-like transcription factor, klf-3. J Mol Biol 2013; 425:2641-55. [PMID: 23639358 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2013.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Lipid metabolism is coordinately regulated through signaling networks that integrate biochemical pathways of fat assimilation, mobilization and utilization. Excessive diversion of fat for storage is a key risk factor for many fat-related human diseases. Dietary lipids are absorbed from the intestines and transported to various organs and tissues to provide energy and maintain lipid homeostasis. In humans, disparity between triglycerides (TG) synthesis and removal, via mitochondrial β-oxidation and VLDL (very low density lipoprotein) secretion, causes excessive TG accumulation in the liver. The mutation in Caenorhabditis elegans KLF-3 leads to high TG accumulation in the worm's intestine. Our previous data suggested that klf-3 regulates lipid metabolism by promoting fatty acid β-oxidation. Depletion of cholesterol in the diet has no effect on fat deposition in klf-3 (ok1975) mutants. Addition of vitamin D in the diet, however, increases fat levels in klf-3 worms. This suggests that excess vitamin D may be lowering the rate of fatty acid β-oxidation, with the eventual increase in fat accumulation. We also demonstrate that mutation in klf-3 reduces expression of C. elegans dsc-4 and/or vit genes, the orthologs of mammalian microsomal triglyceride transfer protein and apolipoprotein B, respectively. Both microsomal triglyceride transfer protein and apolipoprotein B are essential for mammalian lipoprotein assembly and transport, and mutation in both dsc-4 (qm182) and vit-5 (ok3239) results in high fat accumulation in worm intestine. Genetic interactions between klf-3 and dsc-4, as well as vit-5 genes, suggest that klf-3 may have an important role in regulating lipid assembly and secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Developmental Biology, New York Blood Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
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10
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Hashmi S, Wang Y, Parhar RS, Collison KS, Conca W, Al-Mohanna F, Gaugler R. A C. elegans model to study human metabolic regulation. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2013; 10:31. [PMID: 23557393 PMCID: PMC3636097 DOI: 10.1186/1743-7075-10-31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid metabolic disorder is a critical risk factor for metabolic syndrome, triggering debilitating diseases like obesity and diabetes. Both obesity and diabetes are the epicenter of important medical issues, representing a major international public health threat. Accumulation of fat in adipose tissue, muscles and liver and/or the defects in their ability to metabolize fatty acids, results in insulin resistance. This triggers an early pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D). In mammals, lipid metabolism involves several organs, including the brain, adipose tissue, muscles, liver, and gut. These organs are part of complex homeostatic system and communicate through hormones, neurons and metabolites. Our study dissects the importance of mammalian Krüppel-like factors in over all energy homeostasis. Factors controlling energy metabolism are conserved between mammals and Caenorhabditis elegans providing a new and powerful strategy to delineate the molecular pathways that lead to metabolic disorder. The C. elegans intestine is our model system where genetics, molecular biology, and cell biology are used to identify and understand genes required in fat metabolism. Thus far, we have found an important role of C. elegans KLF in FA biosynthesis, mitochondrial proliferation, lipid secretion, and β-oxidation. The mechanism by which KLF controls these events in lipid metabolism is unknown. We have recently observed that C. elegans KLF-3 selectively acts on insulin components to regulate insulin pathway activity. There are many factors that control energy homeostasis and defects in this control system are implicated in the pathogenesis of human obesity and diabetes. In this review we are discussing a role of KLF in human metabolic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarwar Hashmi
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, 180 Jones Avenue, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.
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11
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Sajid M, Azim MK. Characterization of the nematicidal activity of natural honey. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:7428-7434. [PMID: 22783999 DOI: 10.1021/jf301653n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial activities of honey against bacteria and fungi are extensively reported in the scientific literature. However, its nematicidal potential has not been characterized so far. This study examined the effect of natural honey on model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and analyzed the honey component(s) responsible for nematicidal activity. Characterization of honey-treated C. elegans was done using fluorescence and phase contrast microscopy. Egg-laying and egg-hatching defects of honey-treated C. elegans were studied. For identification of nematicidal component(s), bioactivity-directed fractionation of honey samples was carried out using dialysis, ultrafiltration, chromatographic, and spectroscopic techniques. Natural honeys of different floral sources showed nematicidal activity against different developmental stages of C. elegans. The nematicidal components of honey induced cell death in intestinal lumen and gonads of C. elegans as revealed by microscopy. The nematicidal action of honey was found to be due to reproductive anomaly as manifested by defects in egg-laying and -hatching by C. elegans. Honey with concentration as low as 0.03% exerted profound egg-laying defects, whereas 6% honey showed defects in egg hatching. The major sugar components of honey were not involved in observed nematicidal activity. The bioactive components responsible for anti-C. elegans activity were found in the 2-10 kDa fraction of honey, which was resolved into ∼25 peaks by reverse phase HPLC. LC-MS followed by further spectroscopic characterization revealed a glycoconjugate with the molecular mass of 5511 as the major nematicidal component of honey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sajid
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi , Karachi 75270, Pakistan
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Hashmi S, Zhang J, Siddiqui SS, Parhar RS, Bakheet R, Al-Mohanna F. Partner in fat metabolism: role of KLFs in fat burning and reproductive behavior. 3 Biotech 2011; 1:59-72. [PMID: 22582147 PMCID: PMC3339616 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-011-0016-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2011] [Accepted: 06/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The abnormalities caused by excess fat accumulation can result in pathological conditions which are linked to several interrelated diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and obesity. This set of conditions, known as metabolic syndrome, is a global pandemic of enormous medical, economic, and social concern affecting a significant portion of the world’s population. Although genetics, physiology and environmental components play a major role in the onset of disease caused by excessive fat accumulation, little is known about how or to what extent each of these factors contributes to it. The worm, Caenorhabditis elegans offers an opportunity to study disease related to metabolic disorder in a developmental system that provides anatomical and genomic simplicity relative to the vertebrate animals and is an excellent eukaryotic genetic model which enable us to answer the questions concerning fat accumulation which remain unresolved. The stored triglycerides (TG) provide the primary source of energy during periods of food deficiency. In nature, lipid stored as TGs are hydrolyzed into fatty acids which are broken down through β-oxidation to yield acetyl-CoA. Our recent study suggests that a member of C. elegans Krüppel-like factor, klf-3 regulates lipid metabolism by promoting FA β-oxidation and in parallel may contribute in normal reproduction and fecundity. Genetic and epigenetic factors that influence this pathway may have considerable impact on fat related diseases in human. Increasing number of studies suggest the role of mammalian KLFs in adipogenesis. This functional conservation should guide our further effort to explore C. elegans as a legitimate model system for studying the role of KLFs in many pathway components of lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarwar Hashmi
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, 310 East 67th Street, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Jun Zhang
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, 310 East 67th Street, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Shahid S. Siddiqui
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60037 USA
| | - Ranjit S. Parhar
- Cell Biology-Cardiovascular Unit, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Razan Bakheet
- Cell Biology-Cardiovascular Unit, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Futwan Al-Mohanna
- Cell Biology-Cardiovascular Unit, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Zhang J, Bakheet R, Parhar RS, Huang CH, Hussain MM, Pan X, Siddiqui SS, Hashmi S. Regulation of fat storage and reproduction by Krüppel-like transcription factor KLF3 and fat-associated genes in Caenorhabditis elegans. J Mol Biol 2011; 411:537-53. [PMID: 21704635 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2011.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2011] [Revised: 06/06/2011] [Accepted: 06/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Coordinated regulation of fat storage and utilization is essential for energy homeostasis, and its disruption is associated with metabolic syndrome and atherosclerosis in humans. Across species, Krüppel-like transcription factors (KLFs) have been identified as key components of adipogenesis. In humans, KLF14 acts as a master transregulator of adipose gene expression in type 2 diabetes and cis-acting expression quantitative trait locus associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Herein we report that, in Caenorhabditis elegans, mutants in klf-3 accumulate large fat droplets rich in neutral lipids in the intestine; this lipid accumulation is associated with an increase in triglyceride levels. The klf-3 mutants show normal pharyngeal pumping; however, they are sterile or semisterile. We explored important genetic interactions of klf-3 with the genes encoding enzymes involved in fatty acid (FA) β-oxidation in mitochondria or peroxisomes and FA synthesis in the cytosol, namely acyl-CoA synthetase (acs-1 and acs-2), acyl-CoA oxidase (F08A8.1 and F08A8.2), and stearoyl-CoA desaturase (fat-7). We show that mutations or RNA interference in these genes increases fat deposits in the intestine of acs-1, acs-2, F08A8.1, and F08A8 animals. We further show that acs-1 and F08A8.1 influence larval development and fertility, respectively. Thus, KLF3 may regulate FA utilization in the intestine and reproductive tissue. We demonstrate that depletion of F08A8.1 activity, but not of acs-1, acs-2, F08A8.2, or fat-7 activity, enhances the fat phenotype of the klf-3 mutant. Taken together, these results suggest that klf-3 regulates lipid metabolism, along with acs-1, acs-2, F08A8.1, and F08A8.2, by promoting FA β-oxidation and, in parallel, may contribute to normal reproductive behavior and fecundity in C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, 310 East 67th Street, New York, NY 10065, USA
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Elle IC, Olsen LCB, Pultz D, Rødkaer SV, Faergeman NJ. Something worth dyeing for: molecular tools for the dissection of lipid metabolism in Caenorhabditis elegans. FEBS Lett 2010; 584:2183-93. [PMID: 20371247 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2010.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2010] [Revised: 03/30/2010] [Accepted: 03/30/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) has during the last decade emerged as an invaluable eukaryotic model organism to understand the metabolic and neuro-endocrine regulation of lipid accumulation. The fundamental pathways of food intake, digestion, metabolism, and signalling are evolutionary conserved between mammals and worms making C. elegans a genetically and metabolically extremely tractable model to decipher new regulatory mechanisms of lipid storage and to understand how nutritional and genetic perturbations can lead to obesity and other metabolic diseases. Besides providing an overview of the most important regulatory mechanisms of lipid accumulation in C. elegans, we also critically assess the current methodologies to monitor lipid storage and content as various methods differ in their applicability, consistency, and simplicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Coordt Elle
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
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Brey CW, Nelder MP, Hailemariam T, Gaugler R, Hashmi S. Krüppel-like family of transcription factors: an emerging new frontier in fat biology. Int J Biol Sci 2009; 5:622-36. [PMID: 19841733 PMCID: PMC2757581 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.5.622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2009] [Accepted: 09/28/2009] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammals, adipose tissue stores energy in the form of fat. The ability to regulate fat storage is essential for the growth, development and reproduction of most animals, thus any abnormalities caused by excess fat accumulation can result in pathological conditions which are linked to several interrelated diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and obesity. In recent years significant effort has been applied to understand basic mechanism of fat accumulation in mammalian system. Work in mouse has shown that the family of Krüppel-like factors (KLFs), a conserved and important class of transcription factors, regulates adipocyte differentiation in mammals. However, how fat storage is coordinated in response to positive and negative feedback signals is still poorly understood. To address mechanisms underlying fat storage we have studied two Caenorhabditis elegans KLFs and demonstrate that both worm klfs are key regulators of fat metabolism in C. elegans. These results provide the first in vivo evidence supporting essential regulatory roles for KLFs in fat metabolism in C. elegans and shed light on the human counterpart in disease-gene association. This finding allows us to pursue a more comprehensive approach to understand fat biology and provides an opportunity to learn about the cascade of events that regulate KLF activation, repression and interaction with other factors in exerting its biological function at an organismal level. In this review, we provide an overview of the most current information on the key regulatory components in fat biology, synthesize the diverse literature, pose new questions, and propose a new model organism for understanding fat biology using KLFs as the central theme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher W Brey
- Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA
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Zhang J, Yang C, Brey C, Rodriguez M, Oksov Y, Gaugler R, Dickstein E, Huang CH, Hashmi S. Mutation in Caenorhabditis elegans Krüppel-like factor, KLF-3 results in fat accumulation and alters fatty acid composition. Exp Cell Res 2009; 315:2568-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2009.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2009] [Revised: 03/23/2009] [Accepted: 04/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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