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Mu J, Maeda K, Ohashi A, Urano T, Nariai Y, Kamino H, Nakamura M, Yamamura T, Sawada T, Ishikawa E, Murate K, Yamamoto K, Hirose T, Furukawa K, Fujishiro M, Kawashima H. Monoclonal Antibodies Against Mature Interleukin-18 Ameliorate Colitis and Repair Goblet Cell Function. Dig Dis Sci 2024; 69:2573-2585. [PMID: 38713271 PMCID: PMC11258180 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-024-08453-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous biological interventions and small molecules are used to treat Crohn's disease; however, the effectiveness of these treatments varies largely. Non-responsiveness to biological therapies is associated with interleukin (IL)-18 gene polymorphisms and high IL-18 expression has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease. AIMS The aim of this study was to elucidate the expression of precursor and mature IL-18 in patients with Crohn's disease who exhibited varied responses to cytokine-targeted treatments and determine whether selective inhibition of mature IL-18 offers a novel therapeutic avenue. METHODS We generated a monoclonal antibody that specifically recognizes the neoepitope of caspase-cleaved mature IL-18. Expression of precursor and mature IL-18 was analyzed in patients with Crohn's disease. Anti-mature IL-18 monoclonal antibodies were intraperitoneally administered in an acute colitis mouse model, and the disease activity index, body weight loss, tissue pathology, proinflammatory cytokine expression, goblet cell function, and microbiota composition were assessed. RESULTS Precursor and mature IL-18 expression was upregulated and goblet cell function was impaired in patients with Crohn's disease who were unresponsive to biological therapies. Administration of anti-mature IL-18 antibodies ameliorated induced colitis by repairing goblet cell function and restoring the mucus layer. CONCLUSIONS The newly developed monoclonal antibody holds promise as a therapeutic alternative for Crohn's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxi Mu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-Cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Keiko Maeda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-Cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan.
| | - Ayako Ohashi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-Cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Takeshi Urano
- Department of Biochemistry, Shimane University School of Medicine, Izumo, 693-8501, Japan
- mAbProtein Co. Ltd, Izumo, 693-8501, Japan
- Center for Vaccines and Therapeutic Antibodies for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shimane University, Izumo, 693-8501, Japan
| | - Yuko Nariai
- Center for Vaccines and Therapeutic Antibodies for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shimane University, Izumo, 693-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kamino
- Center for Vaccines and Therapeutic Antibodies for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shimane University, Izumo, 693-8501, Japan
| | - Masanao Nakamura
- Department of Endoscopy, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-Cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yamamura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-Cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Tsunaki Sawada
- Department of Endoscopy, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-Cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Eri Ishikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-Cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kentaro Murate
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-Cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kenta Yamamoto
- Department of Endoscopy, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-Cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Takashi Hirose
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-Cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Furukawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-Cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Fujishiro
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kawashima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-Cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
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Chen Y, Ye Y, Liu H, Luo Z, Li Q, Xie Q. Interleukin-18 Gene Polymorphisms and Rheumatoid Arthritis Susceptibility: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses. J Immunol Res 2024; 2024:6631033. [PMID: 38328001 PMCID: PMC10849815 DOI: 10.1155/2024/6631033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
This study systematically analyzes the association between interleukin-18 (IL-18) gene polymorphisms and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) susceptibility. The electronic databases Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Excerpta Medica Database, and Cochrane Library were searched to identify meta-analyses that included case-control studies reporting IL-18 gene polymorphisms and RA susceptibility. Data were reanalyzed using Review Manager Software 5.1, and Mantel-Haenszel random effects were applied for the five genetic models: allelic, recessive, dominant, homozygote, and heterozygote. The effect size of odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. A total of seven meta-analyses with poor quality were included. The IL-18 polymorphisms -607 A/C, -137 C/G, -920 T/C, and -105 C/A have been reported. With weak evidence, IL-18 -607 A/C polymorphisms were associated with a reduced risk of RA susceptibility using the allele model (OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.61 - 0.93, p=0.01), dominant model (OR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.50 - 0.90, p=0.008), homozygote model (OR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.35 - 0.91, p=0.02), and heterozygote model (OR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.54 - 0.93, p=0.01) in the overall population. IL-18 gene polymorphisms and RA susceptibility are affected by ethnicity: With weak evidence, IL-18 -137 C/G polymorphisms were related to reduce RA susceptibility in the Asian population (allele model: OR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.40 - 0.88, p=0.01; dominant model: OR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.37 - 0.89, p=0.01; heterozygote model: OR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.38 - 0.94, p=0.03). IL-18 -607 A/C gene polymorphisms are a protective factor for RA susceptibility in the overall population, and IL-18 -137 C/G gene polymorphisms are a protective factor for RA susceptibility in the Asian population. Further studies are needed to confirm these results owing to the limitations of the included studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehong Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yali Ye
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhongling Luo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qianwei Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qibing Xie
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Fan X, Yin J, Yin J, Weng X, Ding R. Comparison of the anti-inflammatory effects of vitamin E and vitamin D on a rat model of dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis. Exp Ther Med 2023; 25:98. [PMID: 36761001 PMCID: PMC9893224 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.11797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to compare the clinical effects of vitamin E and vitamin D on a rat model of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC), and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms associated with changes in the levels of cytokines. After successful establishment of the rat model of DSS-induced UC, prednisolone (1 mg/kg), vitamin D (50 ng) and vitamin E (6, 30 and 150 IU/kg) were orally administered for 1 week. The pharmacodynamics were evaluated by a daily combination of clinical observation (CO) scores, histopathological evaluations and assessment of molecular markers of inflammation. Administration of vitamin D, vitamin E (30 and 150 IU/kg), prednisolone, and the combination of vitamin D and vitamin E resulted in a decrease in CO scores. The severity of inflammation of the colon was markedly alleviated in the treatment groups compared with that in the untreated DSS group according to the results of histopathological examination; however, they showed different inhibitory effects on the levels of some cytokines. In conclusion, the present results indicated that oral administration of vitamin E could promote recovery of DSS-induced UC by the inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines, and that its underlying mechanism may differ from that of vitamin D and glucocorticoid drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Fan
- National Beijing Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory for Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, P.R. China,Office of Laboratory Management, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, P.R. China
| | - Jie Yin
- Department of Neuroscience, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, P.R. China
| | - Jiye Yin
- National Beijing Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory for Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, P.R. China
| | - Xiechuan Weng
- Department of Neuroscience, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Dr Xiechuan Weng, Department of Neuroscience, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, P.R. China NULL
| | - Rigao Ding
- National Beijing Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory for Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Dr Xiechuan Weng, Department of Neuroscience, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, P.R. China NULL
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Bian Z, Qin Y, Li L, Su L, Fei C, Li Y, Hu M, Chen X, Zhang W, Mao C, Yuan X, Lu T, Ji D. Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. Protects against DSS-induced colitis in mice: Involvement of TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and gut microbiota. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 298:115570. [PMID: 35868549 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE the fruit of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. (SC) is an important traditional Chinese herbal medicine, which has been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for treating intestinal diseases. It is also traditionally used as health product and medicine in Russia and other countries. However, the effect of SC ethanol extract on anti-ulcerative colitis (UC) has not been systematically studied yet. AIM OF THE STUDY We investigated the protective effects and underlying action mechanisms of SC extract (SCE) for UC treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS An animal model of UC induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) was established. After oral administration of SCE, the Disease Activity Index (DAI) was calculated, the length of colon measured, levels of proinflammatory factors determined, and histopathology carried out to assess the therapeutic efficacy of SCE on UC. The effects of SCE on the toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-kappa B/nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 inflammasome (TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome) signaling pathway were evaluated by western blotting. High-throughput sequencing was done to reveal the effect of SCE on the change of the gut microbiota (GM) in mice with DSS-induced colitis. RESULTS SCE significantly reduced the DAI score, restored colon-length shortening, and ameliorated colonic histopathologic injury in mice with DSS-induced colitis. SCE inhibited the inflammatory response by regulating the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway in mice with UC. SCE also maintained gut barrier function by increasing the levels of zonula occludens (ZO)-1 and occludin. 16S rRNA sequencing showed that SCE could reverse the GM imbalance caused by UC. CONCLUSIONS SCE can ameliorate DSS-induced colitis, and that its effects might be associated with suppression of the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and GM regulation, which may provide significant supports for the development of potential candidates for UC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Bian
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Department of Pharmacy, Wuxi TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, 214071, China.
| | - Yuwen Qin
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Lin Li
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Lianlin Su
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Chenghao Fei
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Yu Li
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Minmin Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuxi TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, 214071, China.
| | - Xiaowei Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuxi TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, 214071, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Chunqin Mao
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Xiaohang Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuxi TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, 214071, China.
| | - Tulin Lu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - De Ji
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Uchiyama K, Takagi T, Mizushima K, Asaeda K, Kajiwara M, Kashiwagi S, Toyokawa Y, Hotta Y, Tanaka M, Inoue K, Dohi O, Okayama T, Yoshida N, Katada K, Kamada K, Ishikawa T, Yasuda H, Konishi H, Kishimoto M, Naito Y, Itoh Y. Mucosal interleukin-8 expression as a predictor of subsequent relapse in ulcerative colitis patients with Mayo endoscopic subscore 0. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 37:1034-1042. [PMID: 35233808 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Complete endoscopic mucosal healing is defined as a Mayo endoscopic subscore of 0. Some patients diagnosed with a Mayo endoscopic subscore 0 may present with subsequent clinical relapse. Here, we aimed to demonstrate mucosal cytokine profile as a predictor of clinical relapse in ulcerative colitis patients with a Mayo endoscopic subscore of 0 as a marker of mucosal healing. METHODS We conducted prospective observational pilot study to examine the relationship between mucosal cytokine expression and subsequent relapse of UC patients diagnosed with a Mayo endoscopic subscore of 0. We enrolled 55 patients, and expression of cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon γ, interleukin-1β, interleukin-2, interleukin-4, interleukin-5, interleukin-6, interleukin-7, interleukin-8, interleukin-9, interleukin-10, interleukin-12, interleukin-13, interleukin-15, interleukin-17A, interleukin-17F, interleukin-18, interleukin-21, interleukin-22, interleukin-23, interleukin-27, and interleukin-33 was measured by quantitative real-time PCR using rectal mucosa biopsy materials. Cytokine expression levels were compared between patients who relapsed between March 1, 2016, and March 30, 2020, of the study period and those who remained in remission. RESULTS Ten cytokines, including interleukin-2, interleukin-4, interleukin-8, interleukin-10, interleukin-12, interleukin-15, interleukin-17A, interleukin-21, interleukin-23, and interleukin-33, were significantly elevated in patients with subsequent relapse compared with those who remained in remission. Interleukin-8 expression was the most useful predictor. CONCLUSIONS In the rectal mucosa of ulcerative colitis patients with Mayo endoscopic subscore 0, levels of several cytokines were elevated in cases of subsequent relapse. Among these, interleukin-8 expression was the most useful for predicting relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Uchiyama
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Takagi
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Katsura Mizushima
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kohei Asaeda
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mariko Kajiwara
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Saori Kashiwagi
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Toyokawa
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuma Hotta
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Makoto Tanaka
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ken Inoue
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Osamu Dohi
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Okayama
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naohisa Yoshida
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Katada
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kamada
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ishikawa
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Yasuda
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Konishi
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Kishimoto
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Kyoto City Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuji Naito
- Department of Human Immunology and Nutrition Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshito Itoh
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Protective effect of mirtazapine against acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rats: Role of NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:108174. [PMID: 34601335 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that causes long-lasting inflammation on the innermost lining of the colon and rectum. Mirtazapine (MRT) is a well-known antidepressant that was proven to have anti-inflammatory activity; however, to date, its role has not been investigated in UC. The current study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of MRT in UC. MAIN METHOD Acetic acid (AA) was used for UC induction, and sulfasalazine (SLZ) was used as a positive control. Rats were divided into five equal groups; as follows; normal control, AA, SLZ (received SLZ in a dose of 250 mg/kg for 14 days), MRT10 (received MRT in a dose of 10 mg/kg/day for 14 days), and MRT30 (received MRT in a dose of 30 mg/kg/day for 14 days) groups. Macroscopic and microscopic examinations together with oxidative stress parameters evaluation were done. NOD-like receptors-3 (NLRP3), caspase-1, TNF-α, and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) expression together with interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 levels were examined. KEY FINDING MRT, in a dose-dependent manner, prevented the macroscopic and microscopic colonic damage and corrected the oxidative stress induced by AA. Moreover, MRT decreased the colonic tissue NLRP3 inflammasome, caspase-1, NF-κB, TNF-α expressions, IL-1β, and IL-18 levels that were elevated in colonic tissue by the AA. SIGNIFICANCE MRT has a dose-dependent protective effect against UC that was mediated mainly by its anti-inflammatory activity with modulation of NLRP3/caspase-1 inflammatory pathway.
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Inflammasomes in the Gut Mucosal Homeostasis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1024:133-151. [PMID: 28921468 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-5987-2_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Inflammasomes are critical checkpoints in inflammation. The activation of inflammasome can cause a series of inflammatory responses including maturation of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 and a specialized form of cell death called pyroptosis. Since its identification in the early 2000s, inflammasomes have been implicated to play multifaceted roles in varied pathological and physiological conditions, especially in the mucosal compartments including the gut. Maintaining gut mucosal homeostasis has always been a remarkable challenge for the host due to both the vast mucosal surface that is exposed to the outside and the enormous amount of local microbiota. To accomplish this challenge, the host mounts a constant dynamic low-grade inflammatory response (physiological inflammation) in coping with insults of microbes in the intestine. This book chapter aims to summarize the current knowledge of how inflammasomes contribute to gut mucosal homeostasis.
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Bank S, Andersen PS, Burisch J, Pedersen N, Roug S, Galsgaard J, Ydegaard Turino S, Broder Brodersen J, Rashid S, Kaiser Rasmussen B, Avlund S, Bastholm Olesen T, Hoffmann HJ, Andersen Nexø B, Sode J, Vogel U, Andersen V. Polymorphisms in the Toll-Like Receptor and the IL-23/IL-17 Pathways Were Associated with Susceptibility to Inflammatory Bowel Disease in a Danish Cohort. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145302. [PMID: 26698117 PMCID: PMC4689491 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), result from the combined effects of susceptibility genes and environmental factors. Previous studies have shown that polymorphisms in the Toll-like receptor (TLR), the apoptosis, the IL-23/IL-17 and the interferon gamma (IFNG) pathways are associated with risk of both CD and UC. METHODS Using a candidate gene approach, 21 functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 15 genes were assessed in a clinical homogeneous group of severely diseased ethnic Danish patients consisting of 624 patients with CD, 411 patients with UC and 795 controls. The results were analysed using logistic regression. RESULTS The polymorphisms TLR5 (rs5744174) and IL12B (rs6887695) were associated with risk of CD, and TLR1 (rs4833095) and IL18 (rs187238) were associated with risk of both CD and UC (p<0.05). After Bonferroni correction for multiple testing, the homozygous variant genotype of TLR1 743 T>C (rs4833095) was associated with increased risk CD (OR: 3.15, 95% CI: 1.59-6.26, p = 0.02) and CD and UC combined (OR: 2.96, 95% CI: 1.64-5.32, p = 0.005). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that genetically determined high activity of TLR1 and TLR5 was associated with increased risk of both CD and UC and CD, respectively. This supports that the host microbial composition or environmental factors in the gut are involved in risk of IBD. Furthermore, genetically determined high activity of the IL-23/IL-17 pathway was associated with increased risk of CD and UC. Overall, our results support that genetically determined high inflammatory response was associated with increased risk of both CD and UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Bank
- Medical Department, Viborg Regional Hospital, Viborg, Denmark
- Biomedicine, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| | - Paal Skytt Andersen
- Microbiology and Infection Control, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Veterinary Disease Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Johan Burisch
- Department of Gastroenterology, Herlev Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Natalia Pedersen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Herlev Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Stine Roug
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | | | | | - Jacob Broder Brodersen
- Medical Department, Sydvestjysk Hospital, Esbjerg, Denmark
- Department of medical Gastroenterology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Shaista Rashid
- Medical Department, Bispebjerg Hospital, Bispebjerg, Denmark
| | | | - Sara Avlund
- Medical Department V, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Hans Jürgen Hoffmann
- Department of Respiratory Diseases B, Institute for Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Jacob Sode
- Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Autoimmunology and Biomarkers, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Rheumatology, Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vibeke Andersen
- Medical Department, Viborg Regional Hospital, Viborg, Denmark
- Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Research unit for Molecular Diagnostic, Hospital of Southern Jutland Aabenraa, Aabenraa, Denmark
- OPEN Odense Patient data Explorative Network, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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Helicobacter pylori-specific protection against inflammatory bowel disease requires the NLRP3 inflammasome and IL-18. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2015; 21:854-61. [PMID: 25742401 DOI: 10.1097/mib.0000000000000318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Gram-negative bacterium Helicobacter pylori is a constituent of the human gastric microbiota. Chronic infection with H. pylori causes gastritis and predisposes to gastric carcinoma but has also been inversely linked to various allergic and chronic inflammatory conditions. In particular, large meta-analyses have documented an inverse association between H. pylori infection and the risk of developing ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. METHODS We investigated possible protective effects of experimental H. pylori infection and of regular treatment with H. pylori extract in 2 mouse models of colitis and in mouse models of type I diabetes and multiple sclerosis. The mechanism of protection was examined in mouse strains lacking specific innate immune recognition pathways and cytokines. RESULTS We show here that experimental infection with H. pylori and administration of regular doses of H. pylori extract both alleviate the clinical and histopathological features of dextran sodium sulfate-induced chronic colitis and of T-cell transfer-induced colitis. High resolution endoscopy of the protected animals revealed the accumulation of large amounts of colonic mucus upon H. pylori exposure, which could be attributed to transcriptional activation of the mucin 2 gene. The protection against dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis was dependent on the NLRP3 inflammasome and interleukin-18 signaling. Other autoimmune diseases, i.e., experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and type I diabetes, were not controlled by H. pylori. CONCLUSIONS In summary, we propose here that the immunomodulatory activity of an ancient constituent of the gut microbiota, H. pylori, may be exploited for the prevention and/or treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases.
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