1
|
George NL, Bennett EC, Orlando BJ. Guarding the walls: the multifaceted roles of Bce modules in cell envelope stress sensing and antimicrobial resistance. J Bacteriol 2024; 206:e0012324. [PMID: 38869304 PMCID: PMC11270860 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00123-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacteria have developed diverse strategies for defending their cell envelopes from external threats. In Firmicutes, one widespread strategy is to use Bce modules-membrane protein complexes that unite a peptide-detoxifying ABC transporter with a stress response coordinating two-component system. These modules provide specific, front-line defense for a wide variety of antimicrobial peptides and small molecule antibiotics as well as coordinate responses for heat, acid, and oxidative stress. Because of these abilities, Bce modules play important roles in virulence and the development of antibiotic resistance in a variety of pathogens, including Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Enterococcus species. Despite their importance, Bce modules are still poorly understood, with scattered functional data in only a small number of species. In this review, we will discuss Bce module structure in light of recent cryo-electron microscopy structures of the B. subtilis BceABRS module and explore the common threads and variations-on-a-theme in Bce module mechanisms across species. We also highlight the many remaining questions about Bce module function. Understanding these multifunctional membrane complexes will enhance our understanding of bacterial stress sensing and may point toward new therapeutic targets for highly resistant pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natasha L. George
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Genetics, and Immunology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Ellen C. Bennett
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Genetics, and Immunology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Benjamin J. Orlando
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ren J, Wang M, Zhou W, Liu Z. Efflux pumps as potential targets for biofilm inhibition. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1315238. [PMID: 38596384 PMCID: PMC11002903 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1315238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Biofilms account for a great deal of infectious diseases and contribute significantly to antimicrobial resistance. Efflux pumps confer antimicrobial resistance to microorganisms and involve multiple processes of biofilm formation. Efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs) are attracting considerable attention as a biofilm inhibition strategy. The regulatory functions of efflux pumps in biofilm formation such as mediating adherence, quorum sensing (QS) systems, and the expression of biofilm-associated genes have been increasingly identified. The versatile properties confer efflux pumps both positive and negative effects on biofilm formation. Furthermore, the expression and function of efflux pumps in biofilm formation are species-specific. Therefore, this review aims to detail the double-edged sword role of efflux pumps in biofilm formation to provide potential inhibition targets and give an overview of the effects of EPIs on biofilm formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wenjuan Zhou
- Department of Implantology, Yantai Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang H, Fan Q, Gao S, Yi L, Wang Y, Wang Y. Transposon library screening to identify genes with a potential role in Streptococcus suis biofilm formation. Future Microbiol 2024; 19:107-115. [PMID: 38305226 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2023-0181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Biofilm formation is considered to be one of reasons for difficulty in the prevention and control of Streptococcus suis. Aims: To explore the potential genes involved in the biofilm formation of S. suis. Methods: Transposon mutagenesis technology was used to screen biofilm-defective strains of S. suis, and the potential genes related to biofilm were identified. Results: A total of 19 genes were identified that were involved in bacterial metabolism, peptidoglycan-binding protein, cell wall synthesis, ABC transporters, and so on. Conclusion: This study constructed 979 transposon mutation libraries of S. suis. A total of 19 gene loci related to the formation of S. suis biofilm were identified, providing a reference for exploring the mechanism of S. suis biofilm formation in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haikun Wang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, 471000, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathogen & Immunology of Animal of Luoyang, Luoyang, 471000, China
| | - Qingying Fan
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, 471000, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathogen & Immunology of Animal of Luoyang, Luoyang, 471000, China
| | - Shuji Gao
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, 471000, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathogen & Immunology of Animal of Luoyang, Luoyang, 471000, China
| | - Li Yi
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathogen & Immunology of Animal of Luoyang, Luoyang, 471000, China
- College of Life Science, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, 471934, China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, 471000, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathogen & Immunology of Animal of Luoyang, Luoyang, 471000, China
| | - Yang Wang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, 471000, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathogen & Immunology of Animal of Luoyang, Luoyang, 471000, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jiang W, Zhang Y, Yan J, He Z, Chen W. Differences of protein expression in enterococcus faecalis biofilm during resistance to environmental pressures. Technol Health Care 2024; 32:371-383. [PMID: 38759062 DOI: 10.3233/thc-248033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enterococcus faecalis biofilm was frequently found on the failed treated root canal wall, which survived by resisting disinfectant during endodontic treatment.Many researches have been conducted to explore the mechanisms of persistence of this pathogen in unfavorable conditions. However, no comprehensive proteomics studies have been conducted to investigate stress response in Enterococcus faecalis caused by alkali and NaOCl. OBJECTIVE Enterococcus faecalis (E.f) has been recognized as a main pathogen of refractory apical periodontitis, its ability to withstand environmental pressure is the key to grow in the environment of high alkaline and anti-bacterial drug that causes chronic infection in the root canal. This study aims to focus on the protein expression patterns of E.f biofilm under extreme pressure environment". METHODS Enterococcus faecalis biofilm model was established in vitro. Liquid Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometer (LC-MS/MS)-based label free quantitative proteomics approach was applied to compare differential protein expression under different environmental pressures (pH 10 and 5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl)). And then qPCR and Parallel Reaction Monitoring Verification (PRM) were utilized to verify the consequence of proteomics. RESULTS The number of taxa in this study was higher than those in previous studies, demonstrating the presence of a remarkable number of proteins in the groups of high alkaline and NaOCl. Proteins involved in ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter were significantly enriched in experimental samples. We identified a total of 15 highly expressed ABC transporters in the high alkaline environment pressure group, with 7 proteins greater than 1.5 times. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed considerable changes in expression of proteins in E.f biofilm during resistance to environmental pressures. The findings enriched our understanding of association between the differential expression proteins and environmental pressures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jiang
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Hudong Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Hudong Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Youmeng Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Eye and Ent Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Hudong Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Yan
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Hudong Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Hudong Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyan He
- Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weixu Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Eye and Ent Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang S, Wang J, Ahn J. Advances in the Discovery of Efflux Pump Inhibitors as Novel Potentiators to Control Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1417. [PMID: 37760714 PMCID: PMC10525980 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12091417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The excessive use of antibiotics has led to the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens in clinical settings and food-producing animals, posing significant challenges to clinical management and food control. Over the past few decades, the discovery of antimicrobials has slowed down, leading to a lack of treatment options for clinical infectious diseases and foodborne illnesses. Given the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance and the limited availability of effective antibiotics, the discovery of novel antibiotic potentiators may prove useful for the treatment of bacterial infections. The application of antibiotics combined with antibiotic potentiators has demonstrated successful outcomes in bench-scale experiments and clinical settings. For instance, the use of efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs) in combination with antibiotics showed effective inhibition of MDR pathogens. Thus, this review aims to enable the possibility of using novel EPIs as potential adjuvants to effectively control MDR pathogens. Specifically, it provides a comprehensive summary of the advances in novel EPI discovery and the underlying mechanisms that restore antimicrobial activity. In addition, we also characterize plant-derived EPIs as novel potentiators. This review provides insights into current challenges and potential strategies for future advancements in fighting antibiotic resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Song Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Juhee Ahn
- Department of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea;
- Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Huang H, He J, Gao X, Lei J, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Liu X, Hao J. Mechanism of acid and alkali electrolyzed water on the elimination of Listeria monocytogenes biofilm based on proteomic analysis. J Proteomics 2023; 286:104952. [PMID: 37390895 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2023.104952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Acidic electrolyzed water is a relatively mature bactericide, which has a certain inhibitory effect on a variety of microorganisms, and is widely used in the field of food processing for cleaning, sterilization and disinfection. This study investigated the deactivation mechanisms of Listeria monocytogenes by Tandem Mass Tags quantitative proteomics analysis. Samples were treated through A1S4 (Alkaline electrolytic water treatment for 1 min and Acid electrolytic water treatment for 4 min), S3A1S1 (Acid electrolyzed water treatment 3 min, Alkaline electrolyzed water treatment 1 min and Acid electrolyzed water treatment 1 min), S5 (Acid electrolytic water treatment for 5 min). Proteomic analysis showed that the mechanism of acid alkaline electrolyzed water treatment to eliminate the inactivation of the biofilm of L. monocytogenes was related to protein transcription and extension, RNA processing and synthesis, gene regulation, sugar and amino acid transport and metabolism, signal transduction and ATP binding. The study on the influence mechanism and action mechanism of the combination of acidic and alkaline electrolyzed water to remove L. monocytogenes biofilm is helpful to understand the development of the process of removing biofilm by electrolyzed water, and provides theoretical support for the treatment of other microbial contamination problems in food processing by electrolyzed water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanbing Huang
- College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, No. 26 Yuxiang Street, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, China
| | - Jialin He
- College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, No. 26 Yuxiang Street, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, China
| | - Xiangyu Gao
- College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, No. 26 Yuxiang Street, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, China
| | - Jun Lei
- College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, No. 26 Yuxiang Street, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, China
| | - Yuxi Zhang
- College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, No. 26 Yuxiang Street, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, No. 26 Yuxiang Street, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, China
| | - Xueqiang Liu
- College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, No. 26 Yuxiang Street, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, China.
| | - Jianxiong Hao
- College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, No. 26 Yuxiang Street, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hajiagha MN, Kafil HS. Efflux pumps and microbial biofilm formation. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2023:105459. [PMID: 37271271 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2023.105459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Biofilm-related infections are resistant forms of pathogens that are regarded as a medical problem, particularly due to the spread of multiple drug resistance. One of the factors associated with biofilm drug resistance is the presence of various types of efflux pumps in bacteria. Efflux pumps also play a role in biofilm formation by influencing Physical-chemical interactions, mobility, gene regulation, quorum sensing (QS), extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), and toxic compound extrusion. According to the findings of studies based on efflux pump expression analysis, their role in the anatomical position within the biofilm will differ depending on the biofilm formation stage, encoding gene expression level, the type and concentration of substrate. In some cases, the function of the efflux pumps can overlap with each other, so it seems necessary to accurate identify the efflux pumps of biofilm-forming bacteria along with their function in this process. Such studies will help to choose treatment strategy, at least in combination with antibiotics. Furthermore, if the goal of treatment is an efflux pump manipulation, we should not limit it to inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahdyeh Neghabi Hajiagha
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Samadi Kafil
- Drug Applied Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wu Y, Ma J, Shi J, Cao S, Luo J, Zheng T, Wang M. iTRAQ-Based Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Arthrobacter simplex in Response to Cortisone Acetate and Its Mutants with Improved Δ 1-Dehydrogenation Efficiency. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:6376-6388. [PMID: 37043686 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Arthrobacter simplex is extensively used for cortisone acetate (CA) biotransformation in industry, but the Δ1-dehydrogenation molecular fundamental remains unclear. Herein, the comparative proteome revealed several proteins with the potential role in this reaction, which were mainly involved in lipid or amino acid transport and metabolism, energy production and conversion, steroid degradation, and transporter. The influences of six proteins were further confirmed, where pps, MceGA, yrbE4AA, yrbE4BA, and hyp2 showed positive impacts, while hyp1 exhibited a negative effect. Additionally, KsdD5 behaved as the best catalytic enzyme. By the combined manipulation in multiple genes under the control of a stronger promoter, an optimal strain with better catalytic enzyme activity, substrate transportation, and cell stress tolerance was created. After biotechnology optimization, the production peak and productivity were, respectively, boosted by 4.1- and 4.0-fold relative to the initial level. Our work broadens the understanding of the Δ1-dehydrogenation mechanism, also providing effective strategies for excellent steroid-transforming strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Jianan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Jinghui Shi
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Shuting Cao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Jianmei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Tingting Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Min Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Jiang W, He Z, Zhang Y, Ran S, Sun Z, Chen W. Variations in protein expression associated with oral cancer. Technol Health Care 2023; 31:145-167. [PMID: 37038789 DOI: 10.3233/thc-236014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Differential protein expression of the oral microbiome is related to human diseases, including cancer. OBJECTIVE In order to reveal the potential relationship between oral bacterial protein expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), we designed this study. METHODS We obtained samples of the same patient from cancer lesion and anatomically matched normal site. Then, we used the label free quantitative technique based on liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to analyze the bacteria in the samples of oral squamous cell carcinoma at the protein level, so as to detect the functional proteins. RESULTS Protein diversity in the cancer samples was significantly greater than in the normal samples. We identified a substantially higher number of the taxa than those detected in previous studies, demonstrating the presence of a remarkable number of proteins in the groups. In particular, proteins involved in energy production and conversion, proton transport, hydrogen transport and hydrogen ion transmembrane transport, ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter, PTS system, and L-serine dehydratase were enriched significantly in the experimental group. Moreover, some proteins associated with Actinomyces and Fusobacterium were highly associated with OSCC and provided a good diagnostic outcome. CONCLUSION The present study revealed considerable changes in the expression of bacterial proteins in OSCC and enrich our understanding in this point.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jiang
- Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyan He
- Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Youmeng Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Eye & Ent Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shujun Ran
- Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhe Sun
- Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Weixu Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Eye & Ent Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Liu M, Lv Q, Xu J, Liu B, Zhou Y, Zhang S, Shen X, Wang L. Isoflavone glucoside genistin, an inhibitor targeting Sortase A and Listeriolysin O, attenuates the virulence of Listeria monocytogenes in vivo and in vitro. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 209:115447. [PMID: 36746262 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
As a common intracellular facultative anaerobic Gram-positive bacterium, Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) exhibits strong resistance to extreme environments, such as low temperature and a wide range of pH values, causing contamination in food production and processing. Sortase A (SrtA) and listeriolysin O (LLO), two crucial virulence factors of L. monocytogenes, are widely recognized as potential targets for the development of anti-L. monocytogenes infection drugs. In this study, we found that genistin simultaneously inhibits the peptidase activity of SrtA and the hemolytic activity of LLO without affecting the growth of L. monocytogenes, alleviating concerns about developing resistance. Furthermore, we demonstrated that genistin reduces L. monocytogenes biofilm formation and invasion of human colorectal cancer (Caco-2) cells. Subsequent mechanistic studies revealed that genistin inhibited LLO-mediated Caco-2 cell damage by blocking LLO oligomerization. Fluorescence quenching assay revealed the potential binding mode of SrtA and LLO to genistin. Genistin might bind to the active pocket of SrtA through residues Leu33, Asn29, and Met40, interacting with D1 domain of LLO involved in oligomerization and pore formation through residues Asn259. Studies in infection models revealed that genistin reduces mortality and pathological damage in mice infected with L. monocytogenes. These results indicate that genistin is a promising anti-virulence agent that could be considered an alternative candidate for the treatment of L. monocytogenes infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minda Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qianghua Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, P.R.China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, P.R.China
| | - Jingwen Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Baichen Liu
- The Second Bethune Clinical Medical College of Jilin University, Changchun 130012, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonglin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Siqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xue Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Department of Food Science, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Lin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Xue Y, Zhang L, Liu F, Dai F, Kong L, Ma D, Han Y. Alkaline "Nanoswords" Coordinate Ferroptosis-like Bacterial Death for Antibiosis and Osseointegration. ACS NANO 2023; 17:2711-2724. [PMID: 36662033 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c10960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent cell death and is associated with cancer therapy. Can it play a role in resistance of postoperative infection of implants, especially with an extracellular supplement of Fe ions in a non-cytotoxic dose? To answer this, "nanoswords" of Fe-doped titanite are fabricated on a Ti implant surface to resist bacterial invasion by a synergistic action of ferroptosis-like bacteria killing, proton disturbance, and physical puncture. The related antibiosis mechanism is explored by atomic force microscopy and genome sequencing. The nanoswords induce an increased local pH value, which not only weakens the proton motive force, reducing adenosine triphosphate synthesis of Staphylococcus aureus, but also decreases the membrane modulus, making the nanoswords distort and even puncture a bacterial membrane easily. Simultaneously, more Fe ions are taken by bacteria due to increased bacterial membrane permeability, resulting in ferroptosis-like death of bacteria, and this is demonstrated by intracellular iron enrichment, lipid peroxidation, and glutathione depletion. Interestingly, a microenvironment constructed by these nanoswords improves osteoblast behavior in vitro and bone regeneration in vivo. Overall, the nanoswords can induce ferroptosis-like bacterial death without cytotoxicity and have great promise in applications with clinical implants for outstanding antibiosis and biointegration performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xue
- State-key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- State-key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Fuwei Liu
- Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Fang Dai
- State-key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Liang Kong
- Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Dayan Ma
- State-key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yong Han
- State-key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yuan L, Mgomi FC, Xu Z, Wang N, He G, Yang Z. Understanding of food biofilms by the application of omics techniques. Future Microbiol 2021; 16:257-269. [PMID: 33595346 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2020-0218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilms constitute a protective barrier for foodborne pathogens to survive under stressful food processing conditions. Therefore, studies into the development and control of biofilms by novel techniques are vital for the food industry. In recent years, foodomics techniques have been developed for biofilm studies, which contributed to a better understanding of biofilm behavior, physiology, composition, as well as their response to antibiofilm methods at different molecular levels including genes, RNA, proteins and metabolic metabolites. Throughout this review, the main studies where foodomics tools used to explore the mechanisms for biofilm formation, dispersal and elimination were reviewed. The data summarized from relevant studies are important to design novel and appropriate biofilm elimination methods for enhancing food safety at any point of food processing lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yuan
- College of Food Science & Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology & Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Fedrick C Mgomi
- College of Food Science & Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, China
| | - Zhenbo Xu
- School of Food Science & Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Ni Wang
- College of Biosystems Engineering & Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Guoqing He
- College of Biosystems Engineering & Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhenquan Yang
- College of Food Science & Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
AlMatar M, Albarri O, Makky EA, Köksal F. Efflux pump inhibitors: new updates. Pharmacol Rep 2020; 73:1-16. [PMID: 32946075 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-020-00160-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of antibiotics ought to have ended the issue of bacterial infections, but this was not the case as it has led to the evolution of various mechanisms of bacterial resistance against various antibiotics. The efflux pump remains one of the mechanisms through which organisms develop resistance against antibiotics; this is because organisms can extrude most of the clinically relevant antibiotics from the interior cell environment to the exterior environment via the efflux pumps. Efflux pumps are thought to contribute significantly to biofilm formation as highlighted by various studies. Therefore, the inhibition of these efflux pumps can be a potential way of improving the activity of antibiotics, particularly now that the discovery of novel antibiotics is becoming tedious. Efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs) are molecules that can inhibit efflux pumps; they have been considered potential therapeutic agents for rejuvenating the activity of antibiotics that have already lost their activity against bacteria. However, studies are yet to determine the specific substrates for such pumps; the effect of altered efflux activity of these pumps on biofilm formation is still being investigated. A clear knowledge of the involvement of efflux pumps in biofilm development could aid in developing new agents that can interfere with their function and help to prevent biofilms formation; thereby, improving the outcome of treatment strategies. This review focuses on the novel update of EPIs and discusses the evidence of the roles of efflux pumps in biofilm formation; the potential approaches towards overcoming the increasing problem of biofilm-based infections are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manaf AlMatar
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP), 26300, Gambang, Kuantan, Malaysia.
| | - Osman Albarri
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences (Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü), Çukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Essam A Makky
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP), 26300, Gambang, Kuantan, Malaysia.
| | - Fatih Köksal
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Çukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Alav I, Sutton JM, Rahman KM. Role of bacterial efflux pumps in biofilm formation. J Antimicrob Chemother 2019; 73:2003-2020. [PMID: 29506149 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dky042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Efflux pumps are widely implicated in antibiotic resistance because they can extrude the majority of clinically relevant antibiotics from within cells to the extracellular environment. However, there is increasing evidence from many studies to suggest that the pumps also play a role in biofilm formation. These studies have involved investigating the effects of efflux pump gene mutagenesis and efflux pump inhibitors on biofilm formation, and measuring the levels of efflux pump gene expression in biofilms. In particular, several key pathogenic species associated with increasing multidrug resistance, such as Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, have been investigated, whilst other studies have focused on Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium as a model organism and problematic pathogen. Studies have shown that efflux pumps, including AcrAB-TolC of E. coli, MexAB-OprM of P. aeruginosa, AdeFGH of A. baumannii and AcrD of S. enterica, play important roles in biofilm formation. The substrates for such pumps, and whether changes in their efflux activity affect biofilm formation directly or indirectly, remain to be determined. By understanding the roles that efflux pumps play in biofilm formation, novel therapeutic strategies can be developed to inhibit their function, to help disrupt biofilms and improve the treatment of infections. This review will discuss and evaluate the evidence for the roles of efflux pumps in biofilm formation and the potential approaches to overcome the increasing problem of biofilm-based infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilyas Alav
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | - J Mark Sutton
- Public Health England, National Infection Service, Porton Down, Salisbury, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Blanco P, Corona F, Martínez JL. Involvement of the RND efflux pump transporter SmeH in the acquisition of resistance to ceftazidime in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4917. [PMID: 30894628 PMCID: PMC6426872 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41308-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of antibiotic resistant Gram-negative bacteria has become a serious global health issue. In this study, we have employed the intrinsically resistant opportunistic pathogen Stenotrophomonas maltophilia as a model to study the mechanisms involved in the acquisition of mutation-driven resistance to antibiotics. To this aim, laboratory experimental evolution studies, followed by whole-genome sequencing, were performed in the presence of the third-generation cephalosporin ceftazidime. Using this approach, we determined that exposure to increasing concentrations of ceftazidime selects high-level resistance in S. maltophilia through a novel mechanism: amino acid substitutions in SmeH, the transporter protein of the SmeGH RND efflux pump. The recreation of these mutants in a wild-type background demonstrated that, in addition to ceftazidime, the existence of these substitutions provides bacteria with cross-resistance to other beta-lactam drugs. This acquired resistance does not impose relevant fitness costs when bacteria grow in the absence of antibiotics. Structural prediction of both amino acid residues points that the observed resistance phenotype could be driven by changes in substrate access and recognition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Blanco
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Corona
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhou Y, Nie R, Liu X, Kong J, Wang X, Li J. GntR is involved in the expression of virulence in strain Streptococcus suis P1/7. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2018; 365:4964750. [DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fny091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruonan Nie
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinghui Kong
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinquan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
The VirAB ABC Transporter Is Required for VirR Regulation of Listeria monocytogenes Virulence and Resistance to Nisin. Infect Immun 2018; 86:IAI.00901-17. [PMID: 29263107 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00901-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive intracellular pathogen that causes a severe invasive disease. Upon infecting a host cell, L. monocytogenes upregulates the transcription of numerous factors necessary for productive infection. VirR is the response regulator component of a two-component regulatory system in L. monocytogenes In this report, we have identified the putative ABC transporter encoded by genes lmo1746-lmo1747 as necessary for VirR function. We have designated lmo1746-lmo1747 virAB We constructed an in-frame deletion of virAB and determined that the ΔvirAB mutant exhibited reduced transcription of VirR-regulated genes. The ΔvirAB mutant also showed defects in in vitro plaque formation and in vivo virulence that were similar to those of a ΔvirR deletion mutant. Since VirR is important for innate resistance to antimicrobial agents, we determined the MICs of nisin and bacitracin for ΔvirAB bacteria. We found that VirAB expression was necessary for nisin resistance but was dispensable for resistance to bacitracin. This result suggested a VirAB-independent mechanism of VirR regulation in response to bacitracin. Lastly, we found that the ΔvirR and ΔvirAB mutants had no deficiency in growth in broth culture, intracellular replication, or production of the ActA surface protein, which facilitates actin-based motility and cell-to-cell spread. However, the ΔvirR and ΔvirAB mutants produced shorter actin tails during intracellular infection, which suggested that these mutants have a reduced ability to move and spread via actin-based motility. These findings have demonstrated that L. monocytogenes VirAB functions in a pathway with VirR to regulate the expression of genes necessary for virulence and resistance to antimicrobial agents.
Collapse
|
18
|
Wu S, Yu PL, Flint S. Persister cell formation of Listeria monocytogenes in response to natural antimicrobial agent nisin. Food Control 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
19
|
Camargo AC, de Paula OAL, Todorov SD, Nero LA. In Vitro Evaluation of Bacteriocins Activity Against Listeria monocytogenes Biofilm Formation. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2015; 178:1239-51. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-015-1941-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
20
|
Alonso AN, Perry KJ, Regeimbal JM, Regan PM, Higgins DE. Identification of Listeria monocytogenes determinants required for biofilm formation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113696. [PMID: 25517120 PMCID: PMC4269431 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive, food-borne pathogen of humans and animals. L. monocytogenes is considered to be a potential public health risk by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), as this bacterium can easily contaminate ready-to-eat (RTE) foods and cause an invasive, life-threatening disease (listeriosis). Bacteria can adhere and grow on multiple surfaces and persist within biofilms in food processing plants, providing resistance to sanitizers and other antimicrobial agents. While whole genome sequencing has led to the identification of biofilm synthesis gene clusters in many bacterial species, bioinformatics has not identified the biofilm synthesis genes within the L. monocytogenes genome. To identify genes necessary for L. monocytogenes biofilm formation, we performed a transposon mutagenesis library screen using a recently constructed Himar1 mariner transposon. Approximately 10,000 transposon mutants within L. monocytogenes strain 10403S were screened for biofilm formation in 96-well polyvinyl chloride (PVC) microtiter plates with 70 Himar1 insertion mutants identified that produced significantly less biofilms. DNA sequencing of the transposon insertion sites within the isolated mutants revealed transposon insertions within 38 distinct genetic loci. The identification of mutants bearing insertions within several flagellar motility genes previously known to be required for the initial stages of biofilm formation validated the ability of the mutagenesis screen to identify L. monocytogenes biofilm-defective mutants. Two newly identified genetic loci, dltABCD and phoPR, were selected for deletion analysis and both ΔdltABCD and ΔphoPR bacterial strains displayed biofilm formation defects in the PVC microtiter plate assay, confirming these loci contribute to biofilm formation by L. monocytogenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Almaris N. Alonso
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, United States of America
- Food and Drug Administration–Winchester Engineering and Analytical Center, 109 Holton St., Winchester, Massachusetts, 01890, United States of America
| | - Kyle J. Perry
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, United States of America
| | - James M. Regeimbal
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, United States of America
| | - Patrick M. Regan
- Food and Drug Administration–Winchester Engineering and Analytical Center, 109 Holton St., Winchester, Massachusetts, 01890, United States of America
| | - Darren E. Higgins
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Suo Y, Liu Y, Zhou X, Huang Y, Shi C, Matthews K, Shi X. Impact of Sod on the expression of stress-related genes in Listeria monocytogenes 4b G with/without paraquat treatment. J Food Sci 2014; 79:M1745-9. [PMID: 25146690 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen that causes listeriosis. Paraquat can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells, which results in oxidative stress. It was first shown that 1 mM of paraquat inhibited the growth rate of a superoxide dismutase (sod)-deletion mutant (∆sod) generated from L. monocytogenes 4b G but not in the wild-type, and induced the expression of other resistance genes (kat, fri, perR, sigB, and recA) as well as sod in the wild type. Interestingly, without paraquat treatment the expression of all the 5 genes were repressed in ∆sod compared to the wild type, while the expression of recA triggering SOS response, a global response to DNA damage, was increased in ∆sod in the presence of 1 mM paraquat. Taken together, these results suggest that SOD plays a central role in oxidant defense of L. monocytogenes 4b G, and SOS probably significantly impacts ∆sod survival under oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujuan Suo
- MOST-USDA Joint Research Center for Food Safety, School of Agriculture and Biology, and State Key Lab of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Cabrita P, Trigo MJ, Ferreira RB, Brito L. Is the exoproteome important for bacterial pathogenesis? Lessons learned from interstrain exoprotein diversity in Listeria monocytogenes grown at different temperatures. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2014; 18:553-69. [PMID: 25127015 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2013.0151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial exoproteomes vary in composition and quantity among species and within each species, depending on the environmental conditions to which the cells are exposed. This article critically reviews the literature available on exoproteins synthesized by the foodborne pathogenic bacterium Listeria monocytogenes grown at different temperatures. The main challenges posed for exoproteome analyses and the strategies that are being used to overcome these constraints are discussed. Over thirty exoproteins from L. monocytogenes are considered, and the multifunctionality of some of them is discussed. Thus, at the host temperature of 37°C, good examples are provided by Lmo0443, a potential marker for low virulence, and by the virulence factors internalin C (InlC) and listeriolysin O (LLO). Based on the reported LLO-induced mucin exocytosis, a model is proposed for the involvement of extracellular LLO in optimizing the conditions for InlC intervention in the invasion of intestinal epithelial cells. At lower growth temperatures, exoproteins such as flagellin (FlaA) and oligopeptide permease (OppA) may explain the persistence of particular strains in the food industry environment, eventually allowing the development of new tools to eradicate L. monocytogenes, a major concern for public health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Cabrita
- 1 CBAA/DRAT-Departamento dos Recursos Naturais, Ambiente e Território, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon , Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ortiz S, López V, Martínez-Suárez JV. The influence of subminimal inhibitory concentrations of benzalkonium chloride on biofilm formation by Listeria monocytogenes. Int J Food Microbiol 2014; 189:106-12. [PMID: 25136789 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Revised: 07/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Disinfectants, such as benzalkonium chloride (BAC), are commonly used to control Listeria monocytogenes and other pathogens in food processing plants. Prior studies have demonstrated that the resistance to BAC of L. monocytogenes was associated with the prolonged survival of three strains of molecular serotype 1/2a in an Iberian pork processing plant. Because survival in such environments is related to biofilm formation, we hypothesised that the influence of BAC on the biofilm formation potential of L. monocytogenes might differ between BAC-resistant strains (BAC-R, MIC≥10mg/L) and BAC-sensitive strains (BAC-S, MIC≤2.5mg/L). To evaluate this possibility, three BAC-R strains and eight BAC-S strains, which represented all of the molecular serotype 1/2a strains detected in the sampled plant, were compared. Biofilm production was measured using the crystal violet staining method in 96-well microtitre plates. The BAC-R strains produced significantly (p<0.05) less biofilm than the BAC-S in the absence of BAC, independent of the rate of planktonic growth. In contrast, when the biofilm values were measured in the presence of BAC, one BAC-R strain (S10-1) was able to form biofilm at 5mg/L of BAC, which prevented biofilm formation among the rest of the strains. A genetic determinant of BAC resistance recently described in L. monocytogenes (Tn6188) was detected in S10-1. When a BAC-S strain and its spontaneous mutant BAC-R derivative were compared, resistance to BAC led to biofilm formation at 5mg/L of BAC and to a significant (p<0.05) stimulation of biofilm formation at 1.25mg/L of BAC, which significantly (p<0.05) reduced the biofilm level in the parent BAC-S strain. Our results suggest that the effect of subminimal inhibitory concentrations of BAC on biofilm production by L. monocytogenes might differ between strains with different MICs and even between resistant strains with similar MICs but different genetic determinants of BAC resistance. For BAC-R strains similar to S10-1, subminimal inhibitory BAC may represent an advantage, compensating for the weak biofilm formation level that might be associated with resistance. Biofilm formation in the presence of increased subminimal inhibitory concentrations of the disinfectant may represent an important attribute among certain resistant and persistent strains of L. monocytogenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sagrario Ortiz
- Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Victoria López
- Departamento de Bioinformática y Salud Pública, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquín V Martínez-Suárez
- Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Winkelströter LK, Teixeira FBDR, Silva EP, Alves VF, De Martinis ECP. Unraveling microbial biofilms of importance for food microbiology. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2014; 68:35-46. [PMID: 24370864 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-013-0347-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The presence of biofilms is a relevant risk factors in the food industry due to the potential contamination of food products with pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms. The majority of bacteria are able to adhere and to form biofilms, where they can persist and survive for days to weeks or even longer, depending on the microorganism and the environmental conditions. The biological cycle of biofilms includes several developmental phases such as: initial attachment, maturation, maintenance, and dispersal. Bacteria in biofilms are generally well protected against environmental stress, consequently, extremely difficult to eradicate and detect in food industry. In the present manuscript, some techniques and compounds used to control and to prevent the biofilm formation are presented and discussed. Moreover, a number of novel techniques have been recently employed to detect and evaluate bacteria attached to surfaces, including real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), DNA microarray and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Better knowledge on the architecture, physiology and molecular signaling in biofilms can contribute for preventing and controlling food-related spoilage and pathogenic bacteria. The present study highlights basic and applied concepts important for understanding the role of biofilms in bacterial survival, persistence and dissemination in food processing environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lizziane Kretli Winkelströter
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (FCFRP-USP), Av. do Café s/n, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ceruso M, Fratamico P, Chirollo C, Taglialatela R, Cortesi ML, Pepe T. The Capacity of Listeria Monocytogenes Mutants with In-Frame Deletions in Putative ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters to form Biofilms and Comparison with the Wild Type. Ital J Food Saf 2014; 3:1657. [PMID: 27800311 PMCID: PMC5076661 DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2014.1657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Revised: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) is a food-borne pathogen responsible for human listeriosis, an invasive infection with high mortality rates. Lm has developed efficient strategies for survival under stress conditions such as starvation and wide variations in temperature, pH, and osmolarity. Therefore, Lm can survive in food under multiple stress conditions. Detailed studies to determine the mode of action of this pathogen for survival under stress conditions are important to control Lm in food. It has been shown that genes encoding for ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are induced in Lm in food, in particular under stress conditions. Previous studies showed that these genes are involved in sensitivity to nisin, acids, and salt. The aim of this study was to determine the involvement of some ABC transporters in biofilm formation. Therefore, deletion mutants of ABC transporter genes (LMOf2365_1875 and LMOf2365_1877) were created in Lm F2365, and then were compared to the wild type for their capacity to form biofilms. Lm strain F2365 was chosen as reference since the genome is fully sequenced and furthermore this strain is particularly involved in food-borne outbreaks of listeriosis. Our results showed that ΔLMOf2365_1875 had an increased capacity to form biofilms compared to the wild type, indicating that LMOf2365_1875 negatively regulates biofilm formation. A deeper knowledge on the ability to form biofilms in these mutants may help in the development of intervention strategies to control Lm in food and in the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Ceruso
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Produzioni animali, Università degli Studi Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Pina Fratamico
- Molecular Characterization of Foodborne Pathogens (MCFP), Eastern Regional Research Center (ERRC), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Wyndmoor, PA, USA
| | - Claudia Chirollo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Produzioni animali, Università degli Studi Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Rosanna Taglialatela
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Produzioni animali, Università degli Studi Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Cortesi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Produzioni animali, Università degli Studi Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Tiziana Pepe
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Produzioni animali, Università degli Studi Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wassinger A, Zhang L, Tracy E, Munson RS, Kathariou S, Wang HH. Role of a GntR-family response regulator LbrA in Listeria monocytogenes biofilm formation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e70448. [PMID: 23894658 PMCID: PMC3720924 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2012] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation of Listeria monocytogenes biofilms contributes to persistent contamination in food processing facilities. A microarray comparison of L. monocytogenes between the transcriptome of the strong biofilm forming strain (Bfms) Scott A and the weak biofilm forming (Bfmw) strain F2365 was conducted to identify genes potentially involved in biofilm formation. Among 951 genes with significant difference in expression between the two strains, a GntR-family response regulator encoding gene (LMOf2365_0414), designated lbrA, was found to be highly expressed in Scott A relative to F2365. A Scott A lbrA-deletion mutant, designated AW3, formed biofilm to a much lesser extent as compared to the parent strain by a rapid attachment assay and scanning electron microscopy. Complementation with lbrA from Scott A restored the Bfms phenotype in the AW3 derivative. A second microarray assessment using the lbrA deletion mutant AW3 and the wild type Scott A revealed a total of 304 genes with expression significantly different between the two strains, indicating the potential regulatory role of LbrA in L. monocytogenes. A cloned copy of Scott A lbrA was unable to confer enhanced biofilm forming potential in F2365, suggesting that additional factors contributed to weak biofilm formation by F2365.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Wassinger
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Erin Tracy
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, and the Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Robert S. Munson
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, and the Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Sophia Kathariou
- Department of Food Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Hua H. Wang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Liu Y, Morgan S, Ream A, Huang L. Gene expression profiling of a nisin-sensitive Listeria monocytogenes Scott A ctsR deletion mutant. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 40:495-505. [PMID: 23494707 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-013-1243-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a food-borne pathogen of significant threat to public health. Nisin is the only bacteriocin that can be used as a food preservative. Due to its antimicrobial activity, it can be used to control L. monocytogenes in food; however, the antimicrobial mechanism of nisin activity against L. monocytogenes is not fully understood. The CtsR (class III stress gene repressor) protein negatively regulates the expression of class III heat shock genes. A spontaneous pressure-tolerant ctsR deletion mutant that showed increased sensitivity to nisin has been identified. Microarray technology was used to monitor the gene expression profiles of the ctsR mutant under treatments with nisin. Compared to the nisin-treated wild type, 113 genes were up-regulated (>2-fold increase) in the ctsR deletion mutant whereas four genes were down-regulated (<-2-fold decrease). The up-regulated genes included genes that encode for ribosomal proteins, membrane proteins, cold-shock domain proteins, translation initiation and elongation factors, cell division, an ATP-dependent ClpC protease, a putative accessory gene regulator protein D, transport and binding proteins, a beta-glucoside-specific phosphotransferase system IIABC component, as well as hypothetical proteins. The down-regulated genes consisted of genes that encode for virulence, a transcriptional regulator, a stress protein, and a hypothetical protein. The gene expression changes determined by microarray assays were confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR analyses. Moreover, an in-frame deletion mutant for one of the induced genes (LMOf2365_1877) was constructed in the wild-type L. monocytogenes F2365 background. ΔLMOf2365_1877 had increased nisin sensitivity compared to the wild-type strain. This study enhances our understanding of how nisin interacts with the ctsR gene product in L. monocytogenes and may contribute to the understanding of the antibacterial mechanisms of nisin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Liu
- Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Suo Y, Huang Y, Liu Y, Shi C, Shi X. The expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and a putative ABC transporter permease is inversely correlated during biofilm formation in Listeria monocytogenes 4b G. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48467. [PMID: 23119031 PMCID: PMC3485238 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2012] [Accepted: 09/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the molecular basis of biofilm formation in Listeria monocytogenes. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) of the deletion mutant of lm.G_1771 gene, which encodes for a putative ABC transporter permease, is highly expressed in biofilm. In this study, the sod gene deletion mutant Δsod, and double deletion mutant of the sod and lm. G_1771 genes Δ1771Δsod were used to investigate the role of SOD and its relationship to the expression of the putative ABC transporter permease in biofilm formation. Our results showed that the ability to form a biofilm was significantly reduced in the Δsod mutant and the Δ1771Δsod double mutant. Both Δsod and Δ1771Δsod mutants exhibited slow growth phenotypes and produced more reactive oxygen species (ROS). The growth was inhibited in the mutants by methyl viologen (MV, internal oxygen radical generator) treatment. In addition, the expression of one oxidation resistance gene (kat), two stress regulators encoding genes (perR and sigB), and one DNA repair gene (recA) were analyzed in both the wild-type L. monocytogenes 4b G and the deletion mutants by RT-qPCR. The expression levels of the four genes were increased in the deletion mutants when biofilms were formed. Taken together, our data indicated that SOD played an important role in biofilm formation through coping with the oxidant burden in deficient antioxidant defenses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujuan Suo
- MOST-USDA Joint Research Center for Food Safety and Bor Luh Food Safety Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyan Huang
- MOST-USDA Joint Research Center for Food Safety and Bor Luh Food Safety Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanhong Liu
- Molecular Characterization of Foodborne Pathogens Research Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Chunlei Shi
- MOST-USDA Joint Research Center for Food Safety and Bor Luh Food Safety Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianming Shi
- MOST-USDA Joint Research Center for Food Safety and Bor Luh Food Safety Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|