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Chen Y, Liu L, Guo Y, Chu J, Wang B, Sui Y, Wei H, Hao H, Huang L, Cheng G. Distribution and genetic characterization of fluoroquinolone resistance gene qnr among Salmonella strains from chicken in China. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0300023. [PMID: 38411972 PMCID: PMC10986518 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03000-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence and dissemination of the plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone (FQ) resistance gene qnr in Salmonella are considered serious public health concerns worldwide. So far, no comprehensive large-scale studies have focused on the prevalence and genetic characteristics of the qnr gene in Salmonella isolated from chickens. Herein, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns, and molecular characteristics of chicken-originated qnr-positive Salmonella strains from chicken farms, slaughterhouses, and markets in 12 provinces of China in 2020-2021. The overall prevalence of the qnr gene was 21.13% (56/265), with the highest prevalence in markets (36.11%, 26/72), followed in farms (17.95%, 21/117), and slaughterhouses (10.53%, 9/76). Only the qnrS and qnrB genes were detected, and the prevalence rate of the qnrS gene (19.25%, 51/265) was higher than that of the qnrB gene (1.89%, 5/265). Whole genome sequencing identified 37 distinct AMR genes and 15 plasmid replicons, and the most frequent mutation in quinolone resistance determining regions was parC (T57S; 91.49%, 43/47). Meanwhile, four different qnrS and two qnrB genetic environments were discovered among 47 qnr-positive Salmonella strains. In total, 21.28% (10/47) of the strains were capable of conjugative transfer, and all were qnrS1-positive strains, with the majority of transferable plasmids being IncHI2 types (n = 4). Overall, the prevalence of qnr-positive Salmonella strains from chickens in China and their carriage of multiple resistance and virulence genes and transferable plasmids is a major concern, which calls for continuous surveillance of qnr-positive Salmonella and the development of measures to control its prevalence and transmission.IMPORTANCESalmonella is a common foodborne pathogen responsible for 155,000 deaths annually worldwide. Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are used as first-line drugs for the treatment of Salmonella infections in several countries and regions. However, the emergence and increasing prevalence of the FQ-resistant gene qnr in Salmonella isolated from chickens have been widely reported. Gaining insight into the genetic mechanisms of AMR genes in chicken could lead to the development of preventive measures to control and reduce the risk of drug resistance. In this study, we identified qnr-positive Salmonellae isolated from chickens in different regions of China and their AMR patterns and genome-wide characteristics, providing a theoretical basis for further control of their prevalence and transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lihui Liu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yali Guo
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jinhua Chu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bangjuan Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuxin Sui
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hanqi Wei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Haihong Hao
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lingli Huang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Guyue Cheng
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Antimicrobial susceptibility and molecular characterization of Salmonella enterica serovar Indiana from foods, patients, and environments in China during 2007–2016. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Ong KH, Khor WC, Quek JY, Low ZX, Arivalan S, Humaidi M, Chua C, Seow KLG, Guo S, Tay MYF, Schlundt J, Ng LC, Aung KT. Occurrence and Antimicrobial Resistance Traits of Escherichia coli from Wild Birds and Rodents in Singapore. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17155606. [PMID: 32756497 PMCID: PMC7432465 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Escherichia coli (E. coli) poses a public health concern worldwide. Wild birds and rodents, due to their mobility, are potential vehicles for transmission of AMR bacteria to humans. Ninety-six wild birds’ faecal samples and 135 rodents’ droppings samples were collected and analysed in 2017. Forty-six E. coli isolates from wild birds and rodents were subjected to AMR phenotypic and genotypic characterisation. The proportion of E. coli isolates resistant to at least one of the antimicrobials tested from wild birds (80.8%) was significantly higher than that of isolates from rodents (40.0%). The proportion of E. coli isolates resistant to each antimicrobial class for wild birds was 3.8% to 73.1% and that for rodents was 5.0% to 35.0%. Six out of 26 E. coli isolates from wild birds (23.1%) and two out of 20 (10.0%) isolates from rodents were multi-drug resistant (MDR) strains. These MDR E. coli isolates were detected with various antimicrobial resistance genes such as blaTEM-1B and qnrS1 and could be considered as part of the environmental resistome. Findings in this study suggested that wild birds and rodents could play a role in disseminating antimicrobial resistant E. coli, and this underscores the necessity of environment management and close monitoring on AMR bacteria in wild birds and rodents to prevent spreading of resistant organisms to other wildlife animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kar Hui Ong
- Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, Singapore 138667, Singapore; (K.H.O.); (J.Y.Q.); (Z.X.L.); (S.A.); (M.H.); (C.C.); (K.T.A.)
- National Centre for Food Science, Singapore Food Agency, Singapore 608550, Singapore;
| | - Wei Ching Khor
- National Centre for Food Science, Singapore Food Agency, Singapore 608550, Singapore;
| | - Jing Yi Quek
- Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, Singapore 138667, Singapore; (K.H.O.); (J.Y.Q.); (Z.X.L.); (S.A.); (M.H.); (C.C.); (K.T.A.)
| | - Zi Xi Low
- Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, Singapore 138667, Singapore; (K.H.O.); (J.Y.Q.); (Z.X.L.); (S.A.); (M.H.); (C.C.); (K.T.A.)
| | - Sathish Arivalan
- Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, Singapore 138667, Singapore; (K.H.O.); (J.Y.Q.); (Z.X.L.); (S.A.); (M.H.); (C.C.); (K.T.A.)
| | - Mahathir Humaidi
- Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, Singapore 138667, Singapore; (K.H.O.); (J.Y.Q.); (Z.X.L.); (S.A.); (M.H.); (C.C.); (K.T.A.)
| | - Cliff Chua
- Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, Singapore 138667, Singapore; (K.H.O.); (J.Y.Q.); (Z.X.L.); (S.A.); (M.H.); (C.C.); (K.T.A.)
| | - Kelyn L. G. Seow
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore; (K.L.G.S.); (S.G.); (M.Y.F.T.); (J.S.)
- Nanyang Technological University Food Technology Centre (NAFTEC), Singapore 637459, Singapore
| | - Siyao Guo
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore; (K.L.G.S.); (S.G.); (M.Y.F.T.); (J.S.)
- Nanyang Technological University Food Technology Centre (NAFTEC), Singapore 637459, Singapore
| | - Moon Y. F. Tay
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore; (K.L.G.S.); (S.G.); (M.Y.F.T.); (J.S.)
- Nanyang Technological University Food Technology Centre (NAFTEC), Singapore 637459, Singapore
| | - Joergen Schlundt
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore; (K.L.G.S.); (S.G.); (M.Y.F.T.); (J.S.)
- Nanyang Technological University Food Technology Centre (NAFTEC), Singapore 637459, Singapore
| | - Lee Ching Ng
- Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, Singapore 138667, Singapore; (K.H.O.); (J.Y.Q.); (Z.X.L.); (S.A.); (M.H.); (C.C.); (K.T.A.)
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
- Correspondence:
| | - Kyaw Thu Aung
- Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, Singapore 138667, Singapore; (K.H.O.); (J.Y.Q.); (Z.X.L.); (S.A.); (M.H.); (C.C.); (K.T.A.)
- National Centre for Food Science, Singapore Food Agency, Singapore 608550, Singapore;
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore; (K.L.G.S.); (S.G.); (M.Y.F.T.); (J.S.)
- Nanyang Technological University Food Technology Centre (NAFTEC), Singapore 637459, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
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Li J, Zhang H, Ning J, Sajid A, Cheng G, Yuan Z, Hao H. The nature and epidemiology of OqxAB, a multidrug efflux pump. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2019; 8:44. [PMID: 30834112 PMCID: PMC6387526 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-019-0489-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background OqxAB efflux pump has been found to mediate multidrug resistance (MDR) in various bacteria over the past decades. The updates on the nature and epidemiology of OqxAB efflux pump need to be fully reviewed to broaden our understanding of this MDR determinant. Methods A literature search using the keyword of "oqxAB" was conducted in the online databases of Pubmed and ISI Web of Science with no restriction on the date of publication. The 87 publications were included into this review as references due to their close relevance to the nature and/or epidemiology of OqxAB efflux pump. Results The oqxAB gene generally locates on chromosome and/or plasmids flanked by IS26-like elements in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae and Klebsiella pneumoniae, conferring low to intermediated resistance to quinoxalines, quinolones tigecycline, nitrofurantoin, several detergents and disinfectants (benzalkonium chloride, triclosan and SDS). It could co-spread with other antimicrobial resistance genes (bla CTX-M, rmtB and aac(6')-Ib etc.), virulence genes and heavy metal resistance genes (pco and sil operons). Both RarA (activator) and OqxR (repressor) play important roles on regulation of the expression of OqxAB. Conclusions The dissemination of oqxAB gene may pose a great risk on food safety and public health. Further investigation and understanding of the natural functions, horizontal transfer, and regulation mechanism of the OqxAB efflux pump will aid in future strategies of antimicrobial usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- 1National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and Key Laboratory of the Detection for Veterinary Drug Residues, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei China.,2Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014 Jiangsu China
| | - Heying Zhang
- 1National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and Key Laboratory of the Detection for Veterinary Drug Residues, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei China
| | - Jianan Ning
- 1National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and Key Laboratory of the Detection for Veterinary Drug Residues, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei China
| | - Abdul Sajid
- 1National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and Key Laboratory of the Detection for Veterinary Drug Residues, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei China.,4College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, KP Pakistan
| | - Guyue Cheng
- 3Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Livestock and Poultry Products (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture, P.R China, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei China
| | - Zonghui Yuan
- 1National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and Key Laboratory of the Detection for Veterinary Drug Residues, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei China.,3Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Livestock and Poultry Products (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture, P.R China, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei China
| | - Haihong Hao
- 1National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and Key Laboratory of the Detection for Veterinary Drug Residues, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei China.,3Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Livestock and Poultry Products (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture, P.R China, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei China
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Zwe YH, Tang VCY, Aung KT, Gutiérrez RA, Ng LC, Yuk HG. Prevalence, sequence types, antibiotic resistance and, gyrA mutations of Salmonella isolated from retail fresh chicken meat in Singapore. Food Control 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Identification and Characterization of Conjugative Plasmids That Encode Ciprofloxacin Resistance in Salmonella. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2018; 62:AAC.00575-18. [PMID: 29760137 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00575-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize novel conjugative plasmids that encode transferable ciprofloxacin resistance in Salmonella In this study, 157 nonduplicated Salmonella isolates were recovered from food products, of which 55 were found to be resistant to ciprofloxacin. Interestingly, 37 of the 55 CiprSalmonella isolates (67%) did not harbor any mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDR). Six Salmonella isolates were shown to carry two novel types of conjugative plasmids that could transfer the ciprofloxacin resistance phenotype to Escherichia coli J53 (azithromycin resistant [Azir]). The first type of conjugative plasmid belonged to the ∼110-kb IncFIB-type conjugative plasmids carrying qnrB-bearing and aac(6')-Ib-cr-bearing mobile elements. Transfer of the plasmid between E. coli and Salmonella could confer a ciprofloxacin MIC of 1 to 2 μg/ml. The second type of conjugative plasmid belonged to ∼240-kb IncH1/IncF plasmids carrying a single PMQR gene, qnrS Importantly, this type of conjugative ciprofloxacin resistance plasmid could be detected in clinical Salmonella isolates. The dissemination of these conjugative plasmids that confer ciprofloxacin resistance poses serious challenges to public health and Salmonella infection control.
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Zhang Z, Cao C, Liu B, Xu X, Yan Y, Cui S, Chen S, Meng J, Yang B. Comparative Study on Antibiotic Resistance and DNA Profiles of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Isolated from Humans, Retail Foods, and the Environment in Shanghai, China. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2018; 15:481-488. [PMID: 29741928 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2017.2414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We characterized antibiotic resistance profiles, antibiotic resistance-associated genes, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns of 145 Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium isolates from human infections and retail foods that were possibly responsible for salmonellosis outbreaks from 2008 to 2012 in Shanghai, China. Resistance to at least three antibiotics was found in 66.7% of chicken isolates, 76.5% of duck isolates, 77.8% of pork isolates, and 80.5% of human isolates. Seven antibiotic resistance phenotypes were detected in chicken isolates, 16 in pork isolates, 17 in duck isolates, and 50 in human isolates. No significant difference (p > 0.05) was found between Salmonella isolates derived from human salmonellosis and from retail foods in terms of the percent resistance of ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ceftiofur, ceftriaxone, nalidixic acid, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, kanamycin, streptomycin, tetracycline, sulfisoxazole, and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim. PFGE using XbaI and BlnI showed that some Salmonella isolates recovered from human infections and retail foods had same or highly similar genetic profile. Same or similar antibiotic resistance profiles, antibiotic resistance associated genes (i.e., qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, aac(6')-Ib, and oqxAB), gene cassettes (i.e., aadA2, dfrA12-aadA2, and aadA1), and mutations were detected in those isolates that exhibited high genetic similarities. These findings highlighted the frequent presence of Salmonella Typhimurium in retail chicken, pork, duck, and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengfeng Zhang
- 1 College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, China
| | - Chenyang Cao
- 1 College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, China
| | - Bin Liu
- 1 College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, China
| | - Xuebin Xu
- 2 Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Shanghai, China
| | - Yanfei Yan
- 1 College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, China
| | - Shenghui Cui
- 3 National Institutes for Food and Drug Control , Beijing, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- 4 State Key Laboratory of Chirosciences, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hung Hom, Hong Kong
| | - Jianghong Meng
- 1 College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, China .,5 Joint Institute for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland , College Park, Maryland
| | - Baowei Yang
- 1 College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, China
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Moawad AA, Hotzel H, Awad O, Tomaso H, Neubauer H, Hafez HM, El-Adawy H. Occurrence of Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli in raw chicken and beef meat in northern Egypt and dissemination of their antibiotic resistance markers. Gut Pathog 2017; 9:57. [PMID: 29075329 PMCID: PMC5648511 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-017-0206-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global incidence of foodborne infections and antibiotic resistance is recently increased and considered of public health concern. Currently, scarcely information is available on foodborne infections and ESBL associated with poultry and beef meat in Egypt. METHODS In total, 180 chicken and beef meat samples as well as internal organs were collected from different districts in northern Egypt. The samples were investigated for the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Salmonella enterica serovars and Escherichia coli. All isolates were investigated for harbouring class 1 and class 2 integrons. RESULTS Out of 180 investigated samples 15 S. enterica (8.3%) and 21 E. coli (11.7%) were isolated and identified. S. enterica isolates were typed as 9 S. Typhimurium (60.0%), 3 S. Paratyphi A (20.0%), 2 S. Enteritidis (13.3%) and 1 S. Kentucky (6.7%). Twenty-one E. coli isolates were serotyped into O1, O18, O20, O78, O103, O119, O126, O145, O146 and O158. The phenotypic antibiotic resistance profiles of S. enterica serovars to ampicillin, cefotaxime, cefpodoxime, trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole and tetracycline were 86.7, 80.0, 60.0, 53.3 and 40.0%, respectively. Isolated E. coli were resistant to tetracycline (80.9%), ampicillin (71.4%), streptomycin, trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole (61.9% for each) and cefotaxime (33.3%). The dissemination of genes coding for ESBL and AmpC β-lactamase in S. enterica isolates included blaCTX-M (73.3%), blaTEM (73.3%) and blaCMY (13.3%). In E. coli isolates blaTEM, blaCTX-M and blaOXA were identified in 52.4, 42.9 and 14.3%, respectively. The plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes identified in S. enterica were qnrA (33.3%), qnrB (20.0%) and qnrS (6.7%) while qnrA and qnrB were detected in 33.3% of E. coli isolates. Class 1 integron was detected in 13.3% of S. enterica and in 14.3% of E. coli isolates. Class 2 integron as well as the colistin resistance gene mcr-1 was not found in any of E. coli or S. enterica isolates. CONCLUSIONS This study showed high prevalence of S. enterica and E. coli as foodborne pathogens in raw chicken and beef meat in Nile Delta, Egypt. The emergence of antimicrobial resistance in S. enterica and E. coli isolates is of public health concern in Egypt. Molecular biological investigation elucidated the presence of genes associated with antibiotic resistance as well as class 1 integron in S. enterica and E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira A Moawad
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743 Jena, Germany.,Bacteriology department, Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Mansoura branch, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Helmut Hotzel
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Omnia Awad
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Herbert Tomaso
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Heinrich Neubauer
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Hafez M Hafez
- Institute of Poultry Diseases, Free University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hosny El-Adawy
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743 Jena, Germany.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33516 Egypt
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Scavuzzi AML, Maciel MAV, de Melo HRL, Alves LC, Brayner FA, Lopes ACS. Occurrence of qnrB1 and qnrB12 genes, mutation in gyrA and ramR, and expression of efflux pumps in isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae carriers of bla
KPC-2. J Med Microbiol 2017; 66:477-484. [DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alexsandra Maria Lima Scavuzzi
- Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães (CPqAM-Fiocruz), Recife-PE, Brazil
- Departamento de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), 50.732-970, Recife-PE, Brazil
| | - Maria Amélia Vieira Maciel
- Departamento de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), 50.732-970, Recife-PE, Brazil
| | - Heloísa Ramos Lacerda de Melo
- Departamento de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), 50.732-970, Recife-PE, Brazil
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), 50.732-970, Recife-PE, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos Alves
- Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães (CPqAM-Fiocruz), Recife-PE, Brazil
| | - Fábio André Brayner
- Departamento de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), 50.732-970, Recife-PE, Brazil
- Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães (CPqAM-Fiocruz), Recife-PE, Brazil
| | - Ana Catarina Souza Lopes
- Departamento de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), 50.732-970, Recife-PE, Brazil
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Gong J, Kelly P, Wang C. Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Salmonella enterica Serovar Indiana in China (1984-2016). Zoonoses Public Health 2016; 64:239-251. [PMID: 28009105 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serovar Indiana, first described in 1955, is generally regarded as having a low frequency worldwide with outbreaks of gastroenteritis and abortions described in North America and Europe. In China, S. Indiana was first reported in 1984 and in the subsequent 71 surveys in 35 cities/municipalities from 18 provinces, 70% of which were after 2012, S. Indiana has been shown to have become widely prevalent in people, animals, food and the environment around abattoirs and meat processing facilities. The organism is now one of the most common serovars found in livestock and raw meat in China with S. Indiana isolates having high levels of drug resistance, especially against tetracyclines, quinolones, folate pathway inhibitors, phenicols, penicillins, monobactams and nitrofurans. Further, S. Indiana isolates that are concurrently resistant to ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone/cefotaxime have emerged. Studies have suggested the high levels of multidrug resistance of S. Indiana might be associated with the presence of class 1 integrons and plasmids. Unfortunately, information on the high prevalence of S. Indiana and its extensive drug resistance in China has largely escaped international recognition as it largely appears in local reports written in Chinese. To address this situation, we reviewed all the available local Chinese and international publications on the organism in China and report our findings in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Gong
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - P Kelly
- Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis
| | - C Wang
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Yangzhou University College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
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Campioni F, Souza RA, Martins VV, Stehling EG, Bergamini AMM, Falcão JP. Prevalence of gyrA Mutations in Nalidixic Acid-Resistant Strains of Salmonella Enteritidis Isolated from Humans, Food, Chickens, and the Farm Environment in Brazil. Microb Drug Resist 2016; 23:421-428. [PMID: 27559761 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2016.0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella Enteritidis strains that are resistant to nalidixic acid and exhibit reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones have been increasing worldwide. In Brazil, few studies have been conducted to elucidate the quinolone resistance mechanisms of S. Enteritidis strains. This study analyzed the profile of gyrA, gyrB, parC, and parE mutations and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) mechanisms in S. Enteritidis NalR strains isolated in Brazil. Moreover, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of ciprofloxacin were evaluated in 84 NalR strains and compared with 20 NalS strains. The mutation profiles of the gyrA gene were accessed by high-resolution melting analysis and gyrB, parC, and parE by quinolone resistance-determining region sequencing. The MICs of ciprofloxacin were accessed with Etest®. The strains were divided into five gyrA melting profiles. The NalR strains exhibited the following amino acid substitutions: Ser97→Pro, Ser83→Phe, Asp87→Asn, or Asp87→Tyr. The average MICs of ciprofloxacin was 0.006 μg/ml in the NalS and 0.09 μg/ml in the NalR strains. No points of mutation were observed in the genes gyrB, parC, and parE. The qnrB gene was found in two strains. In conclusion, the reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin observed in NalR strains may cause treatment failures once this drug is commonly used to treat Salmonella infections. Moreover, this reduced susceptibility in these Brazilian strains was provided by target alteration of gene gyrA and not by mobile elements, such as resistance plasmids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Campioni
- 1 Universidade de São Paulo - Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto , Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Roberto Antonio Souza
- 1 Universidade de São Paulo - Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto , Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Vicente Martins
- 1 Universidade de São Paulo - Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto , Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Eliana Guedes Stehling
- 1 Universidade de São Paulo - Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto , Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Juliana Pfrimer Falcão
- 1 Universidade de São Paulo - Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto , Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Yin M, Yang B, Wu Y, Wang L, Wu H, Zhang T, Tuohetaribayi G. Prevalence and characterization of Salmonella enterica serovar in retail meats in market place in Uighur, Xinjiang, China. Food Control 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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13
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Lettini AA, Vo Than T, Marafin E, Longo A, Antonello K, Zavagnin P, Barco L, Mancin M, Cibin V, Morini M, Dang Thi Sao M, Nguyen Thi T, Pham Trung H, Le L, Nguyen Duc T, Ricci A. Distribution of Salmonella Serovars and Antimicrobial Susceptibility from Poultry and Swine Farms in Central Vietnam. Zoonoses Public Health 2016; 63:569-576. [PMID: 26952244 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of Salmonella spp. and their antimicrobial susceptibilities on poultry and swine farms, sampled in 2 regions in Central Vietnam. A total of 67 poultry farms and 46 swine farms were sampled in a period of 5 months (from September 2012 to January 2013). Salmonella spp. was prevalent in 46.3% and 71.7% of poultry and swine farms, respectively. Altogether, 99 non-typhoidal Salmonella were isolated and the most common serovars were Salmonella Weltevreden (19%), followed by Salmonella Typhimurium (12%) and Salmonella 4,[5],12:i:- (11%). Overall, 71 of 99 (72%) Salmonella isolates were resistant to at least one of the 14 antimicrobial agents tested. Both in poultry and swine farms, high levels of resistance were observed for ampicillin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, sulphamethoxazole and tetracycline. The presence of Salmonella isolates from poultry and swine farms which were resistant to different classes of antimicrobials suggests that alternative control measures to antimicrobials should be implemented. Moreover, an effective policy should be promoted to encourage a prudent use of these agents in animal farming in Vietnam.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Lettini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, National Reference Laboratory for Salmonellosis, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - T Vo Than
- Central of Vietnam Veterinary Institute, Nha Trang, Vietnam
| | - E Marafin
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, National Reference Laboratory for Salmonellosis, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - A Longo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, National Reference Laboratory for Salmonellosis, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - K Antonello
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, National Reference Laboratory for Salmonellosis, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - P Zavagnin
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, National Reference Laboratory for Salmonellosis, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - L Barco
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, National Reference Laboratory for Salmonellosis, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - M Mancin
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, National Reference Laboratory for Salmonellosis, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - V Cibin
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, National Reference Laboratory for Salmonellosis, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - M Morini
- International Cooperation Office, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - M Dang Thi Sao
- Central of Vietnam Veterinary Institute, Nha Trang, Vietnam
| | - T Nguyen Thi
- Central of Vietnam Veterinary Institute, Nha Trang, Vietnam
| | - H Pham Trung
- Central of Vietnam Veterinary Institute, Nha Trang, Vietnam
| | - L Le
- Central of Vietnam Veterinary Institute, Nha Trang, Vietnam
| | - T Nguyen Duc
- Central of Vietnam Veterinary Institute, Nha Trang, Vietnam
| | - A Ricci
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, National Reference Laboratory for Salmonellosis, Legnaro (PD), Italy.
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Plasmid-Mediated OqxAB Is an Important Mechanism for Nitrofurantoin Resistance in Escherichia coli. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2015; 60:537-43. [PMID: 26552976 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02156-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing consumption of nitrofurantoin (NIT) for treatment of acute uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTI) highlights the need to monitor emerging NIT resistance mechanisms. This study investigated the molecular epidemiology of the multidrug-resistant efflux gene oqxAB and its contribution to nitrofurantoin resistance by using Escherichia coli isolates originating from patients with UTI (n = 205; collected in 2004 to 2013) and food-producing animals (n = 136; collected in 2012 to 2013) in Hong Kong. The oqxAB gene was highly prevalent among NIT-intermediate (11.5% to 45.5%) and -resistant (39.2% to 65.5%) isolates but rare (0% to 1.7%) among NIT-susceptible (NIT-S) isolates. In our isolates, the oqxAB gene was associated with IS26 and was carried by plasmids of diverse replicon types. Multilocus sequence typing revealed that the clones of oqxAB-positive E. coli were diverse. The combination of oqxAB and nfsA mutations was found to be sufficient for high-level NIT resistance. Curing of oqxAB-carrying plasmids from 20 NIT-intermediate/resistant UTI isolates markedly reduced the geometric mean MIC of NIT from 168.9 μg/ml to 34.3 μg/ml. In the plasmid-cured variants, 20% (1/5) of isolates with nfsA mutations were NIT-S, while 80% (12/15) of isolates without nfsA mutations were NIT-S (P = 0.015). The presence of plasmid-based oqxAB increased the mutation prevention concentration of NIT from 128 μg/ml to 256 μg/ml and facilitated the development of clinically important levels of nitrofurantoin resistance. In conclusion, plasmid-mediated oqxAB is an important nitrofurantoin resistance mechanism. There is a great need to monitor the dissemination of this transferable multidrug-resistant efflux pump.
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