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Alaia EF, Ross AB, Chen B, Gyftopoulos S. Utilization of Hip or Knee MRI in Patients 50 Years and Older With Atraumatic Pain: An Analysis of the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. J Am Coll Radiol 2024:S1546-1440(24)00686-0. [PMID: 39122200 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacr.2024.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to use the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey database to assess MRI utilization in patients 50 years and older with atraumatic hip or knee pain. METHODS National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey weighted survey data (2007-2019) were obtained for ambulatory visits in patients 50 years and older with atraumatic hip or knee pain. The outcome variable was MRI ordering status, and analyzed characteristics included patient age, race/ethnicity, payer, physician specialty, metropolitan statistical area, and a coexistent radiography order. Multivariable logistic regressions were conducted to assess the association between MRI ordering status and the analyzed patient characteristics. All tests were two sided, and P values ≤.05 were considered to indicate statistical significance. RESULTS In total, 88,978,804 knee pain and 28,675,725 hip pain patient visits (survey weighted) were analyzed, with 4,690,943 (5.3%) and 2,023,226 (7.1%) having knee or hip MRI orders, respectively. Overall, 2,454,433 knee pain visits (2.8%) and 575,155 hip pain visits (2.0%) had orders for both MRI and radiographs. Black patients (P = .03) and patients 80 years and older (P = .04) were less likely to have knee MRI ordered, whereas uninsured patients were less likely to have hip MRI ordered (P = .01). Patients with hip pain were more likely to have hip MRI ordered if seen by a surgical subspecialist (P = .01). CONCLUSIONS A low proportion of MRI examinations were ordered for visits in patients 50 years and older with atraumatic hip or knee pain. Groups with lower health care access were less likely to have an MRI order, highlighting known disparities in health care equity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin F Alaia
- Department of Radiology and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York.
| | - Andrew B Ross
- Musculoskeletal Radiology Fellowship Director, Director of Medical Student Research, and Director of Musculoskeletal Ultrasound, Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Bangyan Chen
- Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Soterios Gyftopoulos
- Department of Radiology and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York; and Chief of Radiology, NYU-Brooklyn. https://twitter.com/SoteriosGyft
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Templeton KJ. CORR Insights®: Is a Rapid Recovery Protocol for THA and TKA Associated With Decreased 90-day Complications, Opioid Use, and Readmissions in a Health Safety-net Hospital? Clin Orthop Relat Res 2024; 482:1452-1454. [PMID: 38917080 PMCID: PMC11272355 DOI: 10.1097/corr.0000000000003158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly J Templeton
- Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
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Edington MR, Stronach BM, Barnes CL, Mears SC, Siegel ER, Stambough JB. Do Quality Measures or Hospital Characteristics Predict Readmission Penalties for Hip and Knee Arthroplasty? J Arthroplasty 2024; 39:S27-S32. [PMID: 38401618 PMCID: PMC11283986 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2024.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quality rating systems exist to grade the value of care provided by hospitals, but the extent to which these rating systems correlate with patient outcomes is unclear. The association of quality rating systems and hospital characteristics with excess readmission penalties for total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) was studied. METHODS The fiscal year 2022 Inpatient Prospective Payment System final rule was used to identify 2,286 hospitals subject to the Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program. Overall, 6 hospital quality rating systems and 5 hospital characteristics were obtained. These factors were analyzed to determine the effect on hospital penalties for THA and TKA excess readmissions. RESULTS Hospitals that achieved a higher Medicare Overall Hospital Quality Star Rating demonstrated a significantly lower likelihood of receiving THA and TKA readmission penalties (Cramer's V = 0.236 and Rp = -0.233; P < .001 for both). Hospitals ranked among the US News & World Report's top 50 best hospitals for orthopaedics were significantly less likely to be penalized (V = 0.042; P = .043). The remaining 4 quality rating systems were not associated with readmission penalties. Penalization was more likely for hospitals with fewer THA and TKA discharges (Rp = -0.142; P < .001), medium-sized institutions (100 to 499 beds; V = 0.075; P = .002), teaching hospitals (V = 0.049; P = .019), and safety net hospitals (V = 0.043; P = .039). Penalization was less likely for West and Midwest hospitals (V = 0.112; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS A higher Overall Hospital Quality Star Rating and recognition among the US News & World Report's top 50 orthopaedic hospitals were associated with a reduced likelihood of THA and TKA readmission penalties. The other 4 widely accepted quality rating systems did not correlate with readmission penalties. Teaching and safety net hospitals may be biased toward higher readmission rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Macllain R. Edington
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W Markham St., Little Rock, AR 72205
| | - Benjamin M. Stronach
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W Markham St., Little Rock, AR 72205
| | - C. Lowry Barnes
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W Markham St., Little Rock, AR 72205
| | - Simon C. Mears
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W Markham St., Little Rock, AR 72205
| | - Eric R. Siegel
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W Markham St., Little Rock, AR 72205
| | - Jeffrey B. Stambough
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W Markham St., Little Rock, AR 72205
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Chandra R, Meier J, Marshall N, Chuckaree I, Harirah O, Khoury MK, Ring WS, Peltz M, Wait MA, Jessen ME, Hackmann AE, Heid CA. Safety-Net Hospital Status Is Associated With Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Outcomes at an Urban Academic Medical Center. J Surg Res 2024; 294:112-121. [PMID: 37866066 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2023.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Socioeconomic disparities impact outcomes after cardiac surgery. At our institution, cardiac surgery cases from the safety-net, county funded hospital (CH), which primarily provides care for underserved patients, are performed at the affiliated university hospital. We aimed to investigate the association of socioeconomic factors and CH referral status with outcomes after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). METHODS The institutional Adult Cardiac Surgery database was queried for perioperative and demographic data from patients who underwent isolated CABG between January 2014 and June 2020. The primary outcome was major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE), a composite of postoperative myocardial infarction, stroke, or death. Secondary outcomes included individual complications. Chi-square, Wilcoxon rank-sum, and logistic regression analyses were used to compare differences between CH and non-CH cohorts. RESULTS We included 836 patients with 472 (56.5%) from CH. Compared to the non-CH cohort, CH patients were younger, more likely to be Hispanic, non-English speaking, and be completely uninsured or require state-specific financial assistance. CH patients were more likely to have a history of tobacco and drug use, liver disease, diabetes, prior myocardial infarction, and greater degrees of left main coronary and left anterior descending artery stenosis. CH cases were less likely to be elective. The incidence of MACE was significantly higher in the CH cohort (16.3% versus 8.2%, P = 0.001). There were no significant differences in 30-d mortality, home discharge, prolonged mechanical ventilation, bleeding, sepsis, pneumonia, new dialysis requirement, cardiac arrest, or multiorgan system failure between cohorts. CH patients were more likely to develop renal failure and less likely to develop atrial fibrillation. On multivariable analysis, CH status (odds ratio 2.39, 95% confidence interval 1.25-4.55, P = 0.008) was independently associated with MACE. CONCLUSIONS CH patients undergoing CABG presented with greater comorbidity burden, more frequently required nonelective surgery, and are at significantly higher risk of postoperative MACE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghav Chandra
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas; Parkland Memorial Hospital, Dallas, Texas
| | - Jennie Meier
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas; Parkland Memorial Hospital, Dallas, Texas
| | - Nicholas Marshall
- Parkland Memorial Hospital, Dallas, Texas; School of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Ishwar Chuckaree
- Parkland Memorial Hospital, Dallas, Texas; School of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Omar Harirah
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas; Parkland Memorial Hospital, Dallas, Texas
| | - Mitri K Khoury
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas; Parkland Memorial Hospital, Dallas, Texas
| | - W Steves Ring
- Parkland Memorial Hospital, Dallas, Texas; Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Matthias Peltz
- Parkland Memorial Hospital, Dallas, Texas; Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Michael A Wait
- Parkland Memorial Hospital, Dallas, Texas; Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Michael E Jessen
- Parkland Memorial Hospital, Dallas, Texas; Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Amy E Hackmann
- Parkland Memorial Hospital, Dallas, Texas; Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Christopher A Heid
- Parkland Memorial Hospital, Dallas, Texas; Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.
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Wang MC, Bangaru S, Zhou K. Care for Vulnerable Populations with Chronic Liver Disease: A Safety-Net Perspective. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2725. [PMID: 37893800 PMCID: PMC10606794 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11202725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Safety-net hospitals (SNHs) and facilities are the cornerstone of healthcare services for the medically underserved. The burden of chronic liver disease-including end-stage manifestations of cirrhosis and liver cancer-is high and rising among populations living in poverty who primarily seek and receive care in safety-net settings. For many reasons related to social determinants of health, these individuals often present with delayed diagnoses and disease presentations, resulting in higher liver-related mortality. With recent state-based policy changes such as Medicaid expansion that impact access to insurance and critical health services, an overview of the body of literature on SNH care for chronic liver disease is timely and informative for the liver disease community. In this narrative review, we discuss controversies in the definition of a SNH and summarize the known disparities in the cascade of the care and management of common liver-related conditions: (1) steatotic liver disease, (2) liver cancer, (3) chronic viral hepatitis, and (4) cirrhosis and liver transplantation. In addition, we review the specific impact of Medicaid expansion on safety-net systems and liver disease outcomes and highlight effective provider- and system-level interventions. Lastly, we address remaining gaps and challenges to optimizing care for vulnerable populations with chronic liver disease in safety-net settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark C Wang
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Saroja Bangaru
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- Los Angeles General Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Kali Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- Los Angeles General Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- Research Center for Liver Diseases, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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Chaudhari SR, Lai TS, Zakhour M, Myung Shin S, Baltayan A, Tan H, Cohen JG. Comparison of Mirena and Liletta levonorgestrel intrauterine devices for the treatment of endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia and grade 1 endometrioid endometrial cancer. Gynecol Oncol Rep 2023; 49:101257. [PMID: 37691755 PMCID: PMC10485590 DOI: 10.1016/j.gore.2023.101257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Current standard nonsurgical management of endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN) and grade 1 endometrioid endometrial cancer (g1EEC) is the Mirena levonorgestrel intrauterine device (M-IUD). This retrospective study was designed primarily to determine noninferiority of the Liletta IUD (L-IUD) for pathologic regression of EIN and g1EEC compared to the M-IUD at 6 months of continuous use. Secondary objectives include to determine noninferiority as above at 3, 9, and 12 months of continuous use and to identify factors including DNA mismatch repair (MMR) status associated with pathologic regression after LNG-IUD use. Methods A retrospective observational study was performed with patients treated for EIN or g1EEC and managed continuously with M- or L-IUD. Patients with recent (within 6 months) or concurrent progesterone use were excluded. For the EIN group, the noninferiority margin of odds ratio was predetermined to be 0.58, and for the g1EEC group it was 0.64. Results 62 patients from an academic center and a safety-net hospital were identified with continuous M-IUD (n = 44) or L-IUD (n = 18) use for EIN or g1EEC. 85% of patients treated with L-IUD were from a safety-net hospital, which had 63% with public insurance. At 3/6/9 months, 54/71/73% of patients with M-IUD and 80/83/100% with L-IUD had pathologic regression of EIN (95% confidence interval of estimated odds ratio 1.00-2.07/0.84-2.03/0.69-2.10). Lifetime smoking status, not MMR status, was significantly associated with pathologic regression. Conclusions L-IUD is an effective fertility-sparing treatment for EIN. L-IUD is noninferior to M-IUD for pathologic regression of EIN after 3,6, and 9 months. Further larger studies are warranted to validate findings in EIN and g1EEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal R. Chaudhari
- University of California, Los Angeles, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Surgery, USA
- Olive View-UCLA Medical Center, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Surgery, USA
| | - Tiffany S. Lai
- University of California, Los Angeles, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Surgery, USA
- Olive View-UCLA Medical Center, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Surgery, USA
| | - Mae Zakhour
- Corewell Health Gynecology Oncology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Surgery, USA
| | - Sim Myung Shin
- University of California, Los Angeles, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Surgery, USA
| | - Armine Baltayan
- Olive View-UCLA Medical Center, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Surgery, USA
| | - Hongying Tan
- Olive View-UCLA Medical Center, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Surgery, USA
| | - Joshua G. Cohen
- City of Hope, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Surgery, USA
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Cooke A, Castellanos S, Koenders S, Joshi N, Enriquez C, Olsen P, Miaskowski C, Kushel M, Knight KR. The intersection of drug use discrimination and racial discrimination in the management of chronic non-cancer pain in United States primary care safety-net clinics: Implications for healthcare system and clinic-level changes. Drug Alcohol Depend 2023; 250:110893. [PMID: 37459819 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.110893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinicians' bias related to patients' race and substance use history play a role in pain management. However, patients' or clinicians' understandings about discriminatory practices and the structural factors that contribute to and exacerbate these practices are underexamined. We report on perceptions of discrimination from the perspectives of patients with chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) and a history of substance use and their clinicians within the structural landscape of reductions in opioid prescribing in the United States. METHODS We interviewed 46 clinicians and 94 patients, using semi-structured interview guides, from eight safety-net primary care clinics across the San Francisco Bay Area from 2013 to 2020. We used a modified grounded theory approach to code and analyze transcripts. RESULTS Clinicians discussed using opioid prescribing guidelines with the goals of increased opioid safety and reduced bias in patient monitoring. While patients acknowledged the validity of clinicians' concerns about opioid safety, they indicated that clinicians made assumptions about opioid misuse towards Black patients and patients suspected of substance use. Clinicians discussed evidence of discrimination in opioid prescribing at the clinic-wide level; racialized stereotypes about patients likely to misuse opioids; and their own struggles to overcome discriminatory practices regarding CNCP management. CONCLUSION While clinicians and patients acknowledged opioid safety concerns, the practical application of opioid prescribing guidelines impacted how patients perceived and engaged with CNCP care particularly for patients who are Black and/or report a history of substance use. We recommend healthcare system and clinic-level interventions that may remediate discriminatory practices and associated disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Cooke
- Department of Community Health Systems, School of Nursing, University of California-San Francisco, 2 Koret Way, N505, San Francisco, CA94143-0608, United States
| | - Stacy Castellanos
- Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco490 Illinois Street, 7th Floor, San Francisco, CA94143-0850, United States
| | - Sedona Koenders
- Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco490 Illinois Street, 7th Floor, San Francisco, CA94143-0850, United States
| | - Neena Joshi
- Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco490 Illinois Street, 7th Floor, San Francisco, CA94143-0850, United States
| | - Celeste Enriquez
- Center for Vulnerable Populations at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California-San FranciscoUCSF Box 1339, San Francisco, CA94143-0608, United States
| | - Pamela Olsen
- Center for Vulnerable Populations at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California-San FranciscoUCSF Box 1339, San Francisco, CA94143-0608, United States
| | - Christine Miaskowski
- Department of Physiological Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California-San Francisco2 Koret Way, Rm 631, San Francisco, CA94143-0610, United States
| | - Margot Kushel
- Center for Vulnerable Populations at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California-San FranciscoUCSF Box 1339, San Francisco, CA94143-0608, United States
| | - Kelly R Knight
- Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco490 Illinois Street, 7th Floor, San Francisco, CA94143-0850, United States.
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