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Liu Y, Li H, Dai D, He J, Liang Z. Gene Regulatory Mechanism of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis during Dormancy. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:5825-5844. [PMID: 38921019 PMCID: PMC11203133 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46060348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) complex, is a zoonotic disease that remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Latent tuberculosis infection reactivation is a challenging obstacle to eradicating TB globally. Understanding the gene regulatory network of Mtb during dormancy is important. This review discusses up-to-date information about TB gene regulatory networks during dormancy, focusing on the regulation of lipid and energy metabolism, dormancy survival regulator (DosR), White B-like (Wbl) family, Toxin-Antitoxin (TA) systems, sigma factors, and MprAB. We outline the progress in vaccine and drug development associated with Mtb dormancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiduo Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, No. 100 University West Road, Nanning 530004, China (D.D.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Han Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, No. 100 University West Road, Nanning 530004, China (D.D.)
| | - Dejia Dai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, No. 100 University West Road, Nanning 530004, China (D.D.)
| | - Jiakang He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, No. 100 University West Road, Nanning 530004, China (D.D.)
| | - Zhengmin Liang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, No. 100 University West Road, Nanning 530004, China (D.D.)
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Yang Y, Chen YZ, Xia T. Optimizing antigen selection for the development of tuberculosis vaccines. CELL INSIGHT 2024; 3:100163. [PMID: 38572176 PMCID: PMC10987857 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellin.2024.100163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a prevalent global infectious disease caused by genetically closely related tubercle bacilli in Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC). For a century, the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine has been the primary preventive measure against TB. While it effectively protects against extrapulmonary forms of pediatric TB, it lacks consistent efficacy in providing protection against pulmonary TB in adults. Consequently, the exploration and development of novel TB vaccines, capable of providing broad protection to populations, have consistently constituted a prominent area of interest in medical research. This article presents a concise overview of the novel TB vaccines currently undergoing clinical trials, discussing their classification, protective efficacy, immunogenicity, advantages, and limitations. In vaccine development, the careful selection of antigens that can induce strong and diverse specific immune responses is essential. Therefore, we have summarized the molecular characteristics, biological function, immunogenicity, and relevant studies associated with the chosen antigens for TB vaccines. These insights gained from vaccines and immunogenic proteins will inform the development of novel mycobacterial vaccines, particularly mRNA vaccines, for effective TB control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yi-Zhen Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Tian Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou, 730046, China
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3
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Fan X, Zhao X, Wang R, Li M, Luan X, Wang R, Wan K, Liu H. A novel multistage antigens ERA005f confer protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis by driving Th-1 and Th-17 type T cell immune responses. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1276887. [PMID: 38022539 PMCID: PMC10662081 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1276887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Tuberculosis (TB) is a major threat to human health. In 2021, TB was the second leading cause of death after COVID-19 among infectious diseases. The Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine (BCG), the only licensed TB vaccine, is ineffective against adult TB. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new effective vaccines. Methods In this study, we developed a novel multistage subunit vaccine (ERA005f) comprising various proteins expressed in metabolic states, based on three immunodominant antigens (ESAT-6, Rv2628, and Ag85B). We utilized the E. coli prokaryotic expression system to express ERA005f and subsequently purified the protein using nickel affinity chromatography and anion exchange. Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of ERA005f and ERA005m were evaluated in BALB/c mice. Results ERA005f was consistently expressed as an inclusion body in a prokaryotic expression system, and a highly pure form of the protein was successfully obtained. Both ERA005f and ERA005m significantly improved IgG titers in the serum. In addition, mice immunized with ERA005f and ERA005m generated higher titers of antigen-specific IgG2a than the other groups. Elispot results showed that, compared with other groups, ERA005f increased the numbers of IFN-γ-secreting and IL-4-secreting T cells, especially the number of IFN-γ-secreting T cells. Meanwhile, ERA005f induced a higher number of IFN-γ+ T lymphocytes than ERA005m did. In addition, ERA005f improved the expression of cytokines, including IFN-γ, IL-12p70, TNF-α, IL-17, and GM-CSF and so on. Importantly, both ERA005f and ERA005m significantly inhibited the growth of Mtb. Conclusion The novel multistage antigen ERA005f elicited a strong antigen-specific humoral response and Th-1 and Th-17 cell-mediated immunity in mice. Meanwhile, it can effectively inhibit H37Rv growth in vitro, and represents a correlate of protection in vivo, indicating that ERA005f may exhibit excellent protective efficacy against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv infection. Our study suggests that ERA005f has the potential to be a promising multistage tuberculosis vaccine candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueting Fan
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuqin Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Ruibai Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Machao Li
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuli Luan
- Department of Tuberculosis, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Ruihuan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Kanglin Wan
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Haican Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
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Martin M, deVisch A, Boudehen YM, Barthe P, Gutierrez C, Turapov O, Aydogan T, Heriaud L, Gracy J, Neyrolles O, Mukamolova GV, Letourneur F, Cohen-Gonsaud M. A Mycobacterium tuberculosis Effector Targets Mitochondrion, Controls Energy Metabolism, and Limits Cytochrome c Exit. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0106623. [PMID: 37036353 PMCID: PMC10269737 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01066-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Host metabolism reprogramming is a key feature of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection that enables the survival of this pathogen within phagocytic cells and modulates the immune response facilitating the spread of the tuberculosis disease. Here, we demonstrate that a previously uncharacterized secreted protein from Mtb, Rv1813c, manipulates the host metabolism by targeting mitochondria. When expressed in eukaryotic cells, the protein is delivered to the mitochondrial intermembrane space and promotes the enhancement of host ATP production by boosting the oxidative phosphorylation metabolic pathway. Furthermore, the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria, an early apoptotic event in response to short-term oxidative stress, is delayed in Rv1813c-expressing cells. This study reveals a novel class of mitochondria targeting effectors from Mtb that might participate in host cell metabolic reprogramming and apoptosis control during Mtb infections. IMPORTANCE In this article, using a combination of techniques (bioinformatics, structural biology, and cell biology), we identified and characterized a new class of effectors present only in intracellular mycobacteria. These proteins specifically target host cell mitochondria when ectopically expressed in cells. We showed that one member of this family (Rv1813c) affects mitochondria metabolism in a way that might twist the immune response. This effector also inhibits the cytochrome c exit from mitochondria, suggesting that it might alter normal host cell apoptotic capacities, one of the first defenses of immune cells against Mtb infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Martin
- Laboratory of Pathogen Host Interactions, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Angelique deVisch
- Centre de Biochimie Structurale, CNRS, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Yves-Marie Boudehen
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Philippe Barthe
- Centre de Biochimie Structurale, CNRS, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Claude Gutierrez
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Obolbek Turapov
- Leicester Tuberculosis Research Group, Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Talip Aydogan
- Laboratory of Pathogen Host Interactions, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurène Heriaud
- Centre de Biochimie Structurale, CNRS, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jerome Gracy
- Centre de Biochimie Structurale, CNRS, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Olivier Neyrolles
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Galina V. Mukamolova
- Leicester Tuberculosis Research Group, Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - François Letourneur
- Laboratory of Pathogen Host Interactions, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Martin Cohen-Gonsaud
- Centre de Biochimie Structurale, CNRS, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Liang Y, Li X, Yang Y, Xiao L, Liang Y, Mi J, Xue Y, Gong W, Wang L, Wang J, Zhang J, Shi Y, Peng B, Chen X, Zhao W, Wu X. Preventive effects of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA vaccines on the mouse model with latent tuberculosis infection. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1110843. [PMID: 36860878 PMCID: PMC9968874 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1110843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background About a quarter of the world's population with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) are the main source of active tuberculosis. Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) cannot effectively control LTBI individuals from developing diseases. Latency-related antigens can induce T lymphocytes of LTBI individuals to produce higher IFN-γ levels than tuberculosis patients and normal subjects. Herein, we firstly compared the effects of M. tuberculosis (MTB) ag85ab and 7 latent DNA vaccines on clearing latent MTB and preventing its activation in the mouse LTBI model. Methods A mouse LTBI model was established, and then immunized respectively with PBS, pVAX1 vector, Vaccae vaccine, ag85ab DNA and 7 kinds of latent DNAs (including rv1733c, rv2660c, rv1813c, rv2029c, rv2628, rv2659c and rv3407) for three times. The mice with LTBI were injected with hydroprednisone to activate the latent MTB. Then, the mice were sacrificed for the bacterial count, histopathological examination, and immunological evaluation. Results Using chemotherapy made the MTB latent in the infected mice, and then using hormone treatment reactivated the latent MTB, indicating that the mouse LTBI model was successfully established. After the mouse LTBI model was immunized with the vaccines, the lung colony-forming units (CFUs) and lesion degree of mice in all vaccines group were significantly decreased than those in the PBS group and vector group (P<0.0001, P<0.05). These vaccines could induce antigen-specific cellular immune responses. The number of IFN-γ effector T cells spots secreted by spleen lymphocytes in the ag85ab DNA group was significantly increased than those in the control groups (P<0.05). In the splenocyte culture supernatant, IFN-γ and IL-2 levels in the ag85ab, rv2029c, and rv2659c DNA groups significantly increased (P<0.05), and IL-17A levels in ag85ab and rv2659c DNA groups also significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with the PBS and vector groups, the proportion of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells in spleen lymphocytes of ag85ab, rv2660c, rv2029c, and rv3407 DNA groups were significantly reduced (P<0.05). Conclusions MTB ag85ab and 7 kinds of latent DNA vaccines showed immune preventive efficacies on a mouse model of LTBI, especially the rv2659c, and rv1733c DNA. Our findings will provide candidates for the development of new multi-stage vaccines against TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liang
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, the Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, the Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China,Department of Respiration, Hengdong People’s Hospital, Hengyang, China
| | - Yourong Yang
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, the Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li Xiao
- Department of Respiration, the Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yumei Liang
- Department of Pathology, the Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Mi
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, the Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Xue
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, the Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenping Gong
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, the Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, the Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, the Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Junxian Zhang
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, the Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yingchang Shi
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, the Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bizhen Peng
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, the Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyang Chen
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, the Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weiguo Zhao
- Department of Respiration, the Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Weiguo Zhao, ; Xueqiong Wu,
| | - Xueqiong Wu
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, the Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Weiguo Zhao, ; Xueqiong Wu,
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6
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Weng S, Zhang J, Ma H, Zhou J, Jia L, Wan Y, Cui P, Ruan Q, Shao L, Wu J, Wang H, Zhang W, Xu Y. B21 DNA vaccine expressing ag85b, rv2029c, and rv1738 confers a robust therapeutic effect against latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1025931. [PMID: 36569899 PMCID: PMC9768437 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1025931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) treatment is known to accelerate the decline in TB incidence, especially in high-risk populations. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) expression profiles differ at different growth periods, and vaccines protective and therapeutic effects may increase when they include antigenic compositions from different periods. To develop a post-exposure vaccine that targets LTBI, we constructed four therapeutic DNA vaccines (A39, B37, B31, and B21) using different combinations of antigens from the proliferation phase (Ag85A, Ag85B), PE/PPE family (Rv3425), and latent phase (Rv2029c, Rv1813c, Rv1738). We compared the immunogenicity of the four DNA vaccines in C57BL/6j mice. The B21 vaccine stimulated the strongest cellular immune responses, namely Th1/Th17 and CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses. It also induced the generation of strengthened effector memory and central memory T cells. In latently infected mice, the B21 vaccine significantly reduced bacterial loads in the spleens and lungs and decreased lung pathology. In conclusion, the B21 DNA vaccine can enhance T cell responses and control the reactivation of LTBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufeng Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huixia Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyu Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liqiu Jia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanmin Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiaoling Ruan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingyun Shao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Honghai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhong Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/MOH), Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Ying Xu, ; Wenhong Zhang,
| | - Ying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Huashen Institute of Microbes and Infections, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Ying Xu, ; Wenhong Zhang,
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7
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Saelee C, Hanthamrongwit J, Soe PT, Khaenam P, Inthasin N, Ekpo P, Chootong P, Leepiyasakulchai C. Toll-like receptor-mediated innate immune responses by recognition of the recombinant dormancy-associated Mycobacterium tuberculosis proteins Rv2659c and Rv1738. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0273517. [PMID: 36048884 PMCID: PMC9436120 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) poses a major threat to the global public health. Importantly, latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) still impedes the elimination of TB incidence since it has a substantial risk to develop active disease. A multi-stage subunit vaccine comprising active and latency antigens of Mtb has been raised as the promising vaccine to trigger immune protection against all stages of TB. Therefore, the discovery of new antigens that could trigger broad immune response is essential. While current development of TB vaccine mainly focuses on protective immunity mediated by adaptive immune response, the knowledge on triggering the innate immune response by antigens is still limited. We showed that recombinant dormancy-associated Mtb proteins Rv2659c and Rv1738 were recognized by human innate immune recognition molecules, Toll-like receptors (TLRs) 2 and 4 by using HEK-Blue™ hTLR2/hTLR4 systems. We further demonstrated that these two proteins activated phosphorylated NF-κB p65 (Ser536) in the human CD14+ blood cells. We also investigated that these two proteins significantly induced level of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and TNF-α) which were mediated through TLR2 and TLR4 pathways in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs). These findings suggest that proteins Rv2659c and Rv1738 stimulated innate immune response targeting TLR2 and TLR4 to produce inflammatory cytokines, and their benefits would be valuable for the development of an effective prophylactic tuberculosis vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chutiphon Saelee
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jariya Hanthamrongwit
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Phyu Thwe Soe
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, University of Medical Technology, Mandalay, Myanmar
| | - Prasong Khaenam
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Center of Standardization and Product Validation, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Naharuthai Inthasin
- Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Department of Immunology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pattama Ekpo
- Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Department of Immunology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Patchanee Chootong
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chaniya Leepiyasakulchai
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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8
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Chiwala G, Liu Z, Mugweru JN, Wang B, Khan SA, Bate PNN, Yusuf B, Hameed HMA, Fang C, Tan Y, Guan P, Hu J, Tan S, Liu J, Zhong N, Zhang T. A recombinant selective drug-resistant M. bovis BCG enhances the bactericidal activity of a second-line anti-tuberculosis regimen. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 142:112047. [PMID: 34426260 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) poses a new threat to global health; to improve the treatment outcome, therapeutic vaccines are considered the best chemotherapy adjuvants. Unfortunately, there is no therapeutic vaccine approved against DR-TB. Our study assessed the therapeutic efficacy of a recombinant drug-resistant BCG (RdrBCG) vaccine in DR-TB. We constructed the RdrBCG overexpressing Ag85B and Rv2628 by selecting drug-resistant BCG strains and transformed them with plasmid pEBCG or pIBCG to create RdrBCG-E and RdrBCG-I respectively. Following successful stability testing, we tested the vaccine's safety in severe combined immune deficient (SCID) mice that lack both T and B lymphocytes plus immunoglobulins. Finally, we evaluated the RdrBCG's therapeutic efficacy in BALB/c mice infected with rifampin-resistant M. tuberculosis and treated with a second-line anti-TB regimen. We obtained M. bovis strains which were resistant to several second-line drugs and M. tuberculosis resistant to rifampin. Notably, the exogenously inserted genes were lost in RdrBCG-E but remained stable in the RdrBCG-I both in vitro and in vivo. When administered adjunct to a second-line anti-TB regimen in a murine model of DR-TB, the RdrBCG-I lowered lung M. tuberculosis burden by 1 log10. Furthermore, vaccination with RdrBCG-I adjunct to chemotherapy minimized lung tissue pathology in mice. Most importantly, the RdrBCG-I showed almost the same virulence as its parent BCG Tice strain in SCID mice. Our findings suggested that the RdrBCG-I was stable, safe and effective as a therapeutic vaccine. Hence, the "recombinant" plus "drug-resistant" BCG strategy could be a useful concept for developing therapeutic vaccines against DR-TB.
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MESH Headings
- Amikacin/pharmacology
- Amikacin/therapeutic use
- Animals
- Antigens, Bacterial/biosynthesis
- Antigens, Bacterial/genetics
- Antigens, Bacterial/immunology
- Antitubercular Agents/pharmacology
- Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use
- BCG Vaccine/biosynthesis
- BCG Vaccine/genetics
- BCG Vaccine/immunology
- BCG Vaccine/therapeutic use
- Disease Models, Animal
- Drug Resistance, Bacterial/genetics
- Levofloxacin/pharmacology
- Levofloxacin/therapeutic use
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, SCID
- Mycobacterium bovis/chemistry
- Mycobacterium bovis/drug effects
- Mycobacterium bovis/genetics
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis/drug effects
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis/pathogenicity
- Plasmids
- Prothionamide/pharmacology
- Prothionamide/therapeutic use
- Pyrazinamide/pharmacology
- Pyrazinamide/therapeutic use
- Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/drug therapy
- Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/pathology
- Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/prevention & control
- Vaccines, Synthetic/biosynthesis
- Vaccines, Synthetic/genetics
- Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology
- Vaccines, Synthetic/therapeutic use
- Virulence
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Gift Chiwala
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou 510530, China; Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou 510320, China
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Julius N Mugweru
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Embu, Embu 60100, Kenya
| | - Bangxing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Shahzad Akbar Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Petuel Ndip Ndip Bate
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou 510530, China; Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou 510320, China
| | - Buhari Yusuf
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou 510530, China; Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou 510320, China
| | - H M Adnan Hameed
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou 510530, China; Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou 510320, China
| | - Cuiting Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou 510530, China; Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou 510320, China
| | - Yaoju Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Chest Hospital, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Ping Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Chest Hospital, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Jinxing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Chest Hospital, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Shouyong Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Chest Hospital, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Jianxiong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Chest Hospital, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Nanshan Zhong
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou 510530, China; Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou 510320, China; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou 510530, China; Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou 510320, China.
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9
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Shiraz M, Lata S, Kumar P, Shankar UN, Akif M. Immunoinformatics analysis of antigenic epitopes and designing of a multi-epitope peptide vaccine from putative nitro-reductases of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DosR. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2021; 94:105017. [PMID: 34332157 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.105017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) resides in alveolar macrophages as a non-dividing and dormant state causing latent tuberculosis. Currently, no vaccine is available against the latent tuberculosis. Latent Mtb expresses ~48 genes under the control of DosR regulon. Among these, putative nitroreductases have significantly high expression levels, help Mtb to cope up with nitrogen stresses and possess antigenic properties. In the current study, immunoinformatics methodologies are applied to predict promiscuous antigenic T-cell epitopes from putative nitro-reductases of the DosR regulon. The promiscuous antigenic T-cell epitopes prediction was performed on the basis of their potential to induce an immune response and forming a stable interaction with the HLA alleles. The highest antigenic promiscuous epitopes were assembled for designing an in-silico vaccine construct. A TLR-2 agonist Phenol-soluble modulin alpha 4 was exploited as an adjuvant. Molecular docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulations were used to predict the stability of vaccine construct with the immune receptor. The predicted promiscuous epitopes may be helpful in the construction of a subunit vaccine against latent tuberculosis, which can also be administered along with the BCG to increase its efficacy. Experimental validation is a prerequisite for the in-silico designed vaccine construct against TB infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Shiraz
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Surabhi Lata
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Umate Nachiket Shankar
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Mohd Akif
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India.
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10
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Alvarez AH, Flores-Valdez MA. Can immunization with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin be improved for prevention or therapy and elimination of chronic Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection? Expert Rev Vaccines 2020; 18:1219-1227. [PMID: 31826664 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2019.1704263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most prevalent infectious diseases in the world. Current vaccination with BCG can prevent meningeal and disseminated TB in children. However, success against latent pulmonary TB infection (LTBI) or its reactivation is limited. Evidence suggests that there may be means to improve the efficacy of BCG raising the possibility of developing new vaccine candidates against LTBI.Areas covered: BCG improvements include the use of purified mycobacterial immunogenic proteins, either from an active or dormant state, as well as expressing those proteins from recombinant BCG strains that harvor those specific genes. It also includes boost protein mixtures with synthetic adjuvants or within liposomes, as a way to increase a protective immune response during chronic TB produced in laboratory animal models. References cited were chosen from PubMed searches.Expertopinion: Strategies aiming to improve or boost BCG have been receiving increased attention. With the advent of -omics, it has been possible to dissect several specific stages during mycobacterial infection. Recent experimental models of disease, diagnostic and immunological data obtained from individual M. tuberculosis antigens could introduce promising developments for more effective TB vaccines that may contribute to eliminating the hidden (latent) form of this infectious disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Alvarez
- Biotecnología Médica Farmacéutica (CIATEJ-CONACYT), Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C, Guadalajara, México
| | - M A Flores-Valdez
- Biotecnología Médica Farmacéutica (CIATEJ-CONACYT), Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C, Guadalajara, México
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