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Poswar FDO, Henriques Nehm J, Kubaski F, Poletto E, Giugliani R. Diagnosis and Emerging Treatment Strategies for Mucopolysaccharidosis VII (Sly Syndrome). Ther Clin Risk Manag 2022; 18:1143-1155. [PMID: 36578769 PMCID: PMC9791935 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s351300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis VII (MPS VII, Sly syndrome) is an ultra-rare lysosomal disease caused by a deficiency of the enzyme β-glucuronidase (GUS). The diagnosis is suspected based on a range of symptoms that are common to many other MPS types, and it is confirmed through biochemical and molecular studies. Besides supportive treatment, current and emerging treatments include enzyme replacement therapy, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and gene therapy. This review summarizes the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and emerging treatments for MPS VII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiano de Oliveira Poswar
- Clinical Research Group in Medical Genetics, Clinical Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,DR Brasil Research Group, HCPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Johanna Henriques Nehm
- Clinical Research Group in Medical Genetics, Clinical Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Francyne Kubaski
- Greenwood Genetic Center, Biochemical Genetics Laboratory, Greenwood, SC, USA
| | - Edina Poletto
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Roberto Giugliani
- Clinical Research Group in Medical Genetics, Clinical Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,DR Brasil Research Group, HCPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,Department of Genetics, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,DASA Genômica, São Paulo, SP, Brazil,Casa dos Raros, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,Correspondence: Roberto Giugliani, Medical Genetics Service- HCPA / Dep Genet UFRGS, 2350 Ramiro Barcelos, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-903, Brazil, Tel +55 51 3359 6338, Email
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Rintz E, Higuchi T, Kobayashi H, Galileo DS, Wegrzyn G, Tomatsu S. Promoter considerations in the design of lentiviral vectors for use in treating lysosomal storage diseases. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2022; 24:71-87. [PMID: 34977274 PMCID: PMC8688940 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2021.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
More than 50 lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) are associated with lysosomal dysfunctions with the frequency of 1:5,000 live births. As a result of missing enzyme activity, the lysosome dysfunction accumulates undegraded or partially degraded molecules, affecting the entire body. Most of them are life-threatening diseases where patients could die within the first or second decade of life. Approximately 20 LSDs have the approved treatments, which do not provide the cure for the disorder. Therefore, the delivery of missing genes through gene therapy is a promising approach for LSDs. Over the years, ex vivo lentiviral-mediated gene therapy for LSDs has been approached using different strategies. Several clinical trials for LSDs are under investigation.Ex vivo lentiviral-mediated gene therapy needs optimization in dose, time of delivery, and promoter-driven expression. Choosing suitable promoters seems to be one of the important factors for the effective expression of the dysfunctional enzyme. This review summarizes the research on therapy for LSDs that has used different lentiviral vectors, emphasizing gene promoters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estera Rintz
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza, 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
- Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, 1600 Rockland Road, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA
| | - Takashi Higuchi
- Division of Gene Therapy, Research Center for Medical Sciences, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3 Chome-25-8 Nishishinbashi, Minato City, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kobayashi
- Division of Gene Therapy, Research Center for Medical Sciences, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3 Chome-25-8 Nishishinbashi, Minato City, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
| | - Deni S. Galileo
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, 118 Wolf Hall, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Grzegorz Wegrzyn
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza, 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Shunji Tomatsu
- Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, 1600 Rockland Road, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, 118 Wolf Hall, Newark, DE 19716, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Gifu University, Gifu, Yanagido 501-1193, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Thomas Jefferson University, 901 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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Wada M, Shimada Y, Iizuka S, Ishii N, Hiraki H, Tachibana T, Maeda K, Saito M, Arakawa S, Ishimoto T, Nakano T, Ida H, Ohashi T, Kobayashi H. Ex Vivo Gene Therapy Treats Bone Complications of Mucopolysaccharidosis Type II Mouse Models through Bone Remodeling Reactivation. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2020; 19:261-274. [PMID: 33102618 PMCID: PMC7567932 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2020.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type II is a disease caused by organ accumulation of glycosaminoglycans due to iduronate 2-sulfatase deficiency. This study investigated the pathophysiology of the bone complications associated with mucopolysaccharidosis II and the effect of lentivirus-mediated gene therapy of hematopoietic stem cells on bone lesions of mucopolysaccharidosis type II mouse models in comparison with enzyme replacement therapy. Bone volume, density, strength, and trabecular number were significantly higher in the untreated mucopolysaccharidosis type II mice than in wild-type mice. Accumulation of glycosaminoglycans caused reduced bone metabolism. Specifically, persistent high serum iduronate 2-sulfatase levels and release of glycosaminoglycans from osteoblasts and osteoclasts in mucopolysaccharidosis type II mice that had undergone gene therapy reactivated bone lineage remodeling, subsequently reducing bone mineral density, strength, and trabecular number to a similar degree as that observed in wild-type mice. Bone formation, resorption parameters, and mineral density in the diaphysis edge did not appear to have been affected by the irradiation administered as a pre-treatment for gene therapy. Hence, the therapeutic effect of gene therapy on the bone complications of mucopolysaccharidosis type II mice possibly outweighed that of enzyme replacement therapy in many aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miho Wada
- Department of Pediatrics, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Gene Therapy, Research Center for Medicine Sciences, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yohta Shimada
- Division of Gene Therapy, Research Center for Medicine Sciences, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sayoko Iizuka
- Division of Gene Therapy, Research Center for Medicine Sciences, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Natsumi Ishii
- Division of Gene Therapy, Research Center for Medicine Sciences, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromi Hiraki
- Division of Gene Therapy, Research Center for Medicine Sciences, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Tachibana
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Research Center for Medical Science, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Maeda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Saito
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoutaro Arakawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuya Ishimoto
- Biomaterials & Structural Materials Design Area, Course of Materials Science & Engineering, Division of Materials & Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Nakano
- Biomaterials & Structural Materials Design Area, Course of Materials Science & Engineering, Division of Materials & Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ida
- Department of Pediatrics, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Gene Therapy, Research Center for Medicine Sciences, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toya Ohashi
- Department of Pediatrics, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Gene Therapy, Research Center for Medicine Sciences, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kobayashi
- Department of Pediatrics, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Gene Therapy, Research Center for Medicine Sciences, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Jiang Z, Byers S, Casal ML, Smith LJ. Failures of Endochondral Ossification in the Mucopolysaccharidoses. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2020; 18:759-773. [PMID: 33064251 PMCID: PMC7736118 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-020-00626-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are a group of inherited lysosomal storage disorders characterized by abnormal accumulation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in cells and tissues. MPS patients frequently exhibit failures of endochondral ossification during postnatal growth leading to skeletal deformity and short stature. In this review, we outline the current understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying failures of endochondral ossification in MPS and discuss associated treatment challenges and opportunities. RECENT FINDINGS Studies in MPS patients and animal models have demonstrated that skeletal cells and tissues exhibit significantly elevated GAG storage from early in postnatal life and that this is associated with impaired cartilage-to-bone conversion in primary and secondary ossification centers, and growth plate dysfunction. Recent studies have begun to elucidate the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms, including impaired chondrocyte proliferation and hypertrophy, diminished growth factor signaling, disrupted cell cycle progression, impaired autophagy, and increased cell stress and apoptosis. Current treatments such as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and enzyme replacement therapy fail to normalize endochondral ossification in MPS. Emerging treatments including gene therapy and small molecule-based approaches hold significant promise in this regard. Failures of endochondral ossification contribute to skeletal deformity and short stature in MPS patients, increasing mortality and reducing quality of life. Early intervention is crucial for effective treatment, and there is a critical need for new approaches that normalize endochondral ossification by directly targeting affected cells and signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhirui Jiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 371 Stemmler Hall, 3450 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Sharon Byers
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Paediatrics, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Genetics and Evolution, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Margret L Casal
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lachlan J Smith
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 371 Stemmler Hall, 3450 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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Hu Y, Xiong J, Wen H, Wei H, Zeng X. MiR-98-5p promotes ischemia/reperfusion-induced microvascular dysfunction by targeting NGF and is a potential biomarker for microvascular reperfusion. Microcirculation 2020; 28:e12657. [PMID: 32892409 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined the correlation between serum miR-98-5p levels and indices of microvascular reperfusion in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Additionally, we evaluated the mechanisms by which miR-98-5p promoted ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced injury in both cultured cell lines and an animal model. METHODS Circulating miR-98-5p levels were measured and compared from 171 STEMI patients undergoing pPCI, who were divided into two groups: no-reflow and reflow. The levels of miR-98-5p, nerve growth factor (NGF), and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) were analyzed in cultured human coronary endothelial cells (HCECs) exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R). The effects of antagomir-98-5p on myocardial I/R-induced microvascular dysfunction in vivo were evaluated. Target gene expression and activity were assessed. RESULTS Higher miR-98-5p levels were associated with compromised indices of microvascular reperfusion. In vitro experiments on HCECs showed that exposure to H/R significantly increased miR-98-5p levels. We identified NGF as a novel target of miR-98-5p. Further, antagomir-98-5p relieved microvascular dysfunction and enhanced the expression of NGF and TRPV1 in the rat myocardial I/R model. CONCLUSIONS MiR-98-5p promotes microvascular dysfunction by targeting the NGF-TRPV1 axis. Serum miR-98-5p serves as a potential biomarker for microvascular reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yisen Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, & Guangxi Key Laboratory Base of Precision Medicine in Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases Control and Prevention & Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Jingjie Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, & Guangxi Key Laboratory Base of Precision Medicine in Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases Control and Prevention & Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Hong Wen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, & Guangxi Key Laboratory Base of Precision Medicine in Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases Control and Prevention & Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Heng Wei
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, & Guangxi Key Laboratory Base of Precision Medicine in Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases Control and Prevention & Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiaocong Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, & Guangxi Key Laboratory Base of Precision Medicine in Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases Control and Prevention & Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
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Derrick-Roberts A, Kaidonis X, Jackson MR, Liaw WC, Ding X, Ong C, Ranieri E, Sharp P, Fletcher J, Byers S. Comparative analysis of brain pathology in heparan sulphate storing mucopolysaccharidoses. Mol Genet Metab 2020; 131:197-205. [PMID: 32739280 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2020.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The cause of neurodegeneration in MPS mouse models is the focus of much debate and what the underlying cause of disease pathology in MPS mice is. The timing of development of pathology and when this can be reversed or impacted is the key to developing suitable therapies in MPS. This study is the first of its kind to correlate the biochemical changes with the functional outcome as assessed using non-invasive behaviour testing across multiple mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) mouse models. In the MPS brain, the primary lysosomal enzyme dysfunction leads to accumulation of primary glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) with gangliosides (GM2 and GM3) being the major secondary storage products. With a focus on the neuropathology, a time course experiment was conducted in MPS I, MPS IIIA, MPS VII (severe and attenuated models) in order to understand the relative timing and level of GAG and ganglioside accumulation and how this correlates to behaviour deficits. Time course analysis from 1 to 6 months of age was conducted on brain samples to assess primary GAG (uronic acid), β-hexosaminidase enzyme activity and levels of GM2 and GM3 gangliosides. This was compared to a battery of non-invasive behaviour tests including open field, inverted grid, rotarod and water cross maze were assessed to determine effects on motor function, activity and learning ability. The results show that the GAG and ganglioside accumulation begins prior to the onset of detectable changes in learning ability and behaviour. Interestingly, the highest levels of GAG and ganglioside accumulation was observed in the MPS IIIA mouse despite having 3% residual enzyme activity. Deficits in motor function were clearly observed in the severe Gusmps/mps, which were significantly delayed in the attenuated Gustm(L175F)Sly model despite their minimal increase in detectable enzyme activity. This suggests that genotype and residual enzyme activity are not indicative of severity of disease pathology in MPS disease and there exists a window when there are considerable storage products without detectable functional deficits which may allow an alteration to occur with therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainslie Derrick-Roberts
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology (WCH site), Adelaide, Australia; Discipline of Paediatrics, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Xenia Kaidonis
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology (WCH site), Adelaide, Australia; Discipline of Genetics and Evolution, University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - Matilda R Jackson
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology (WCH site), Adelaide, Australia; Discipline of Genetics and Evolution, University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - Wan Chin Liaw
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology (WCH site), Adelaide, Australia
| | - XiaoDan Ding
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology (WCH site), Adelaide, Australia
| | - Chun Ong
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology (WCH site), Adelaide, Australia
| | - Enzo Ranieri
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology (WCH site), Adelaide, Australia
| | - Peter Sharp
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology (WCH site), Adelaide, Australia
| | - Janice Fletcher
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology (WCH site), Adelaide, Australia
| | - Sharon Byers
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology (WCH site), Adelaide, Australia; Discipline of Paediatrics, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Discipline of Genetics and Evolution, University of Adelaide, Australia
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Jiang Z, Derrick-Roberts ALK, Reichstein C, Byers S. Cell cycle progression is disrupted in murine MPS VII growth plate leading to reduced chondrocyte proliferation and transition to hypertrophy. Bone 2020; 132:115195. [PMID: 31863960 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2019.115195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Endochondral bone growth is abnormal in 6 of the 11 types of mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) disorders; resulting in short stature, reduced size of the thoracic cavity and compromised manual dexterity. Current therapies for MPS have had a limited effect on bone growth and to improve these therapies or develop adjunct approaches requires an understanding of the underlying basis of abnormal bone growth in MPS. The MPS VII mouse model replicates the reduction in long bone and vertebral length observed in human MPS. Using this model we have shown that the growth plate is elongated but contains fewer chondrocytes in the proliferative and hypertrophic zones. Endochondral bone growth is in part regulated by entry and exit from the cell cycle by growth plate chondrocytes. More MPS VII chondrocytes were positive for Ki67, a marker for active phases of the cell cycle, suggesting that more MPS VII chondrocytes were in the cell cycle. The number of cells positive for phosphorylated histone H3 was significantly reduced in MPS VII chondrocytes, suggesting fewer MPS VII chondrocytes progressed to mitotic division. While MPS VII HZ chondrocytes continued to express cyclin D1 and more cells were positive for E2F1 and phos pRb than normal, fewer MPS VII HZ chondrocytes were positive for p57kip2 a marker of terminal differentiation, suggesting fewer MPS VII chondrocytes were able to exit the cell cycle. In addition, multiple markers typical of PZ to HZ transition were not downregulated in MPS VII, in particular Sox9, Pthrpr and Wnt5a. These findings are consistent with MPS VII growth plates elongating at a slower rate than normal due to a delay in progression through the cell cycle, in particular the transition between G1 and S phases, leading to both reduced cell division and transition to the hypertrophic phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhirui Jiang
- School of Bioscience, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
| | - Ainslie L K Derrick-Roberts
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Clare Reichstein
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Sharon Byers
- School of Bioscience, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Poletto E, Pasqualim G, Giugliani R, Matte U, Baldo G. Effects of gene therapy on cardiovascular symptoms of lysosomal storage diseases. Genet Mol Biol 2019; 42:261-285. [PMID: 31132295 PMCID: PMC6687348 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2018-0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) are inherited conditions caused by impaired lysosomal function and consequent substrate storage, leading to a range of clinical manifestations, including cardiovascular disease. This may lead to significant symptoms and even cardiac failure, which is an important cause of death among patients. Currently available treatments do not completely correct cardiac involvement in the LSDs. Gene therapy has been tested as a therapeutic alternative with promising results for the heart disease. In this review, we present the results of different approaches of gene therapy for LSDs, mainly in animal models, and its effects in the heart, focusing on protocols with cardiac functional analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edina Poletto
- Gene Therapy Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Pasqualim
- Gene Therapy Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Roberto Giugliani
- Gene Therapy Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ursula Matte
- Gene Therapy Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Baldo
- Gene Therapy Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake M. Kieserman
- Division of CardiologyThe Department of MedicineLewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple UniversityPhiladelphiaPA
| | - Valerie D. Myers
- Division of CardiologyThe Department of MedicineLewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple UniversityPhiladelphiaPA
| | - Praveen Dubey
- Division of CardiologyThe Department of MedicineLewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple UniversityPhiladelphiaPA
| | - Joseph Y. Cheung
- Division of CardiologyThe Department of MedicineLewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple UniversityPhiladelphiaPA
| | - Arthur M. Feldman
- Division of CardiologyThe Department of MedicineLewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple UniversityPhiladelphiaPA
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10
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Kobayashi H. Recent trends in mucopolysaccharidosis research. J Hum Genet 2018; 64:127-137. [PMID: 30451936 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-018-0534-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) is a group of inherited conditions involving metabolic dysfunction. Lysosomal enzyme deficiency leads to the accumulation of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) resulting in systemic symptoms, and is categorized into seven types caused by deficiency in one of eleven different enzymes. The pathophysiological mechanism of these diseases has been investigated, indicating impaired autophagy in neuronal damage initiation, association of activated microglia and astrocytes with the neuroinflammatory processes, and involvement of tauopathy. A new inherited error of metabolism resulting in a multisystem disorder with features of the MPS was also identified. Additionally, new therapeutic methods are being developed that could improve conventional therapies, such as new recombinant enzymes that can penetrate the blood brain barrier, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with reduced intensity conditioning, gene therapy using a viral vector system or gene editing, and substrate reduction therapy. In this review, we discuss the recent developments in MPS research and provide a framework for developing strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kobayashi
- Division of Gene Therapy, Research Center for Medical Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan.
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11
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Jiang Z, Derrick-Roberts ALK, Jackson MR, Rossouw C, Pyragius CE, Xian C, Fletcher J, Byers S. Delayed development of ossification centers in the tibia of prenatal and early postnatal MPS VII mice. Mol Genet Metab 2018; 124:135-142. [PMID: 29747998 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2018.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Short stature is a characteristic feature of most of the mucopolysaccharidoses, a group of inherited lysosomal storage disorders caused by a single enzyme deficiency. MPS patients present with progressive skeletal defects from an early age, including short stature due to impaired cartilage-to-bone conversion (endochondral ossification). The aim of this study was to determine which murine MPS model best reproduces the bone length reduction phenotype of human MPS and use this model to determine the earliest developmental stage when disrupted endochondral ossification first appears. Gusmps/mps mice representing severe MPS VII displayed the greatest reduction in bone elongation and were chosen for histopathological analysis. Tibial development was assessed from E12.5 to 6 months of age. Chondrocytes in the region of the future primary ossification center became hypertrophic at a similar age to normal in the MPS VII mouse fetus, but a delay in bone deposition was observed with an approximate 1 day delay in the formation of the primary ossification centre. Likewise, chondrocytes in the region of the future secondary ossification center also became hypertrophic at the same age as normal in the MPS VII early postnatal mouse. Bone deposition in the secondary ossification centre was delayed by two days in the MPS VII proximal tibia (observed at postnatal day 14 (P14) compared to P12 in normal). The thickness of the tibial growth plate was larger in MPS VII mice from P9 onwards. Abnormal endochondral ossification starts in utero in MPS VII and worsens with age. It is characterized by a normal timeframe for chondrocyte hypertrophy but a delay in the subsequent deposition of bone in both the primary and secondary ossification centres, accompanied by an increase in growth plate thickness. This suggests that the signals for vascular invasion and bone deposition, some of which are derived from hypertrophic chondrocytes, are altered in MPS VII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhirui Jiang
- Genetics & Evolution, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Ainslie L K Derrick-Roberts
- Genetics & Evolution, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Paediatrics, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Matilda R Jackson
- Genetics & Evolution, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Charné Rossouw
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Paediatrics, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Carmen E Pyragius
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Cory Xian
- Paediatrics, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Janice Fletcher
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Sharon Byers
- Genetics & Evolution, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Paediatrics, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
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12
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Rout-Pitt N, McCarron A, McIntyre C, Parsons D, Donnelley M. Large-scale production of lentiviral vectors using multilayer cell factories. J Biol Methods 2018; 5:e90. [PMID: 31453241 PMCID: PMC6706103 DOI: 10.14440/jbm.2018.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lentiviral-mediated gene therapy has been proposed for the treatment of a range of diseases, and due to its genome integration properties, it offers the potential for long-lasting benefit from a once-off treatment. Production methods for pre-clinical studies in animal models, and ultimately for human clinical trials, must be capable of producing large quantities of high-quality lentiviral vector in an efficient and cost-effective manner. We report here a medium-scale method (from 1.5 L to 6 L of vector supernatant) for lentiviral vector production in adherent cell cultures using the NUNC™ EasyFill™ Cell Factory™ from Thermo Fisher Scientific. Downstream purification uses a Mustang Q XT5 anion exchange capsule from Pall, and an ultracentrifugation step to concentrate the vector. This method is capable of producing lentiviral vector with concentrated titres of 108-109 TU/ml, with reduced manual handling compared to single monolayer flask methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Rout-Pitt
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, 72 King William Road, North Adelaide SA 5006, Australia.,Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide SA 5000, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia
| | - Alexandra McCarron
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, 72 King William Road, North Adelaide SA 5006, Australia.,Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide SA 5000, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia
| | - Chantelle McIntyre
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, 72 King William Road, North Adelaide SA 5006, Australia.,Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide SA 5000, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia
| | - David Parsons
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, 72 King William Road, North Adelaide SA 5006, Australia.,Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide SA 5000, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia
| | - Martin Donnelley
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, 72 King William Road, North Adelaide SA 5006, Australia.,Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide SA 5000, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia
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13
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Zielonka M, Garbade SF, Kölker S, Hoffmann GF, Ries M. Quantitative clinical characteristics of 53 patients with MPS VII: a cross-sectional analysis. Genet Med 2017; 19:983-988. [PMID: 28383542 DOI: 10.1038/gim.2017.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The main purpose of the study was to provide quantitative data regarding survival and diagnostic delay. Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) type VII (OMIM 253220) is a progressive neurometabolic disorder caused by deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme β-glucuronidase (GUS). Hard clinical end points have not been quantitatedMethods:We quantitatively analyzed published cases with MPS VII (N = 53/88 with sufficient data). Main outcome measures were onset of disease and survival. The role of biomarkers such as GUS residual enzyme activity and levels of storage material assessed as urinary excretion of glucosaminoglycans (GAG) as potential predictors of clinical outcomes were investigated. The analysis was conducted according to STROBE criteria. RESULTS Median survival of the postnatally diagnosed population was up to 360 months . Median age of disease onset was the first day of life; median age at diagnosis was 11 months. Hydrops fetalis was frequent. Patients with residual GUS activity in fibroblasts more than 1.4% or urinary GAG excretion less than 602% of normal survived longer than patients with GUS enzyme activity below or GAG excretion above these thresholds. CONCLUSION MPS VII has its disease onset prenatally. In the absence of a prenatal diagnosis, most cases are clinically apparent at birth. Our data corroborate a phenotype-biomarker association in MPS VII. The survival data characterize the natural history with important implications for therapeutic studies.Genet Med advance online publication 06 April 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Zielonka
- Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sven F Garbade
- Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Kölker
- Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Georg F Hoffmann
- Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Ries
- Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Substrate Deprivation Therapy to Reduce Glycosaminoglycan Synthesis Improves Aspects of Neurological and Skeletal Pathology in MPS I Mice. Diseases 2017; 5:diseases5010005. [PMID: 28933358 PMCID: PMC5456338 DOI: 10.3390/diseases5010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I) is the most common form of the MPS group of genetic diseases. MPS I results from a deficiency in the lysosomal enzyme α-l-iduronidase, leading to accumulation of undegraded heparan and dermatan sulphate glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains in patient cells. MPS children suffer from multiple organ failure and die in their teens to early twenties. In particular, MPS I children also suffer from profound mental retardation and skeletal disease that restricts growth and movement. Neither brain nor skeletal disease is adequately treated by current therapy approaches. To overcome these barriers to effective therapy we have developed and tested a treatment called substrate deprivation therapy (SDT). MPS I knockout mice were treated with weekly intravenous injections of 1 mg/kg rhodamine B for six months to assess the efficacy of SDT. Mice were assessed using biochemistry, micro-CT and a battery of behaviour tests to determine the outcome of treatment. A reduction in female bodyweight gain was observed with the treatment as well as a decrease in lung GAG. Behavioural studies showed slight improvements in inverted grid and significant improvements in learning ability for female MPS I mice treated with rhodamine B. Skeletal disease also improved with a reduction in bone mineral volume observed. Overall, rhodamine B is safe to administer to MPS I knockout mice where it had an effect on improving aspects of neurological and skeletal disease symptoms and may therefore provide a potential therapy or adjunct therapy for MPS I patients.
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Derrick-Roberts ALK, Panir K, Pyragius CE, Zarrinkalam KH, Atkins GJ, Byers S. Reversal of established bone pathology in MPS VII mice following lentiviral-mediated gene therapy. Mol Genet Metab 2016; 119:249-257. [PMID: 27692945 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Severe, progressive skeletal dysplasia is a major symptom of multiple mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) types. While a gene therapy approach initiated at birth has been shown to prevent the development of bone pathology in different animal models of MPS, the capacity to correct developed bone disease is unknown. In this study, ex vivo micro-computed tomography was used to demonstrate that bone mass and architecture of murine MPS VII L5 vertebrae were within the normal range at 1month of age but by 2months of age were significantly different to normal. The difference between normal and MPS VII BV/TV increased with age reaching a maximal difference at approximately 4months of age. In mature MPS VII bone BV/TV is increased (51.5% versus 21.5% in normal mice) due to an increase in trabecular number (6.2permm versus 3.8permm in normal mice). The total number of osteoclasts in the metaphysis of MPS VII mice was decreased, as was the percentage of osteoclasts attached to bone. MPS VII osteoblasts produced significantly more osteoprotegerin (OPG) than normal osteoblasts and supported the production of fewer osteoclasts from spleen precursor cells than normal osteoblasts in a co-culture system. In contrast, the formation of osteoclasts from MPS VII spleen monocytes was similar to normal in vitro, when exogenous RANKL and m-CSF was added to the culture medium. Administration of murine β-glucuronidase to MPS VII mice at 4months of age, when bone disease was fully manifested, using lentiviral gene delivery resulted in a doubling of osteoclast numbers and a significant increase in attachment capacity (68% versus 29.4% in untreated MPS VII animals). Bone mineral volume rapidly decreased by 39% after gene therapy and fell within the normal range by 6months of age. Collectively, these results indicate that lentiviral-mediated gene therapy is effective in reversing established skeletal pathology in murine MPS VII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainslie L K Derrick-Roberts
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology Directorate, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Kavita Panir
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology Directorate, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Carmen E Pyragius
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology Directorate, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | | | - Gerald J Atkins
- Centre for Orthopaedic and Trauma Research, Discipline of Orthopaedics and Trauma, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Sharon Byers
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology Directorate, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Adelaide, Australia; Department of Genetics and Evolution, School of Molecular & Biomedical Science, The University of Adelaide, Australia
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16
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Kaidonis X, Byers S, Ranieri E, Sharp P, Fletcher J, Derrick-Roberts A. N-butyldeoxynojirimycin treatment restores the innate fear response and improves learning in mucopolysaccharidosis IIIA mice. Mol Genet Metab 2016; 118:100-10. [PMID: 27106513 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Mucopolysaccharidosis IIIA is a heritable neurodegenerative disorder resulting from the dysfunction of the lysosomal hydrolase sulphamidase. This leads to the primary accumulation of the complex carbohydrate heparan sulphate in a wide range of tissues and the secondary neuronal storage of gangliosides GM2 and GM3 in the brain. GM2 storage is associated with CNS deterioration in the GM2 gangliosidosis group of lysosomal storage disorders and may also contribute to MPS CNS disease. N-butyldeoxynojirimycin, an inhibitor of ceramide glucosyltransferase activity and therefore of ganglioside synthesis, was administered to MPS IIIA mice both prior to maximal GM2 and GM3 accumulation (early treatment) and after the maximum level of ganglioside had accumulated in the brain (late treatment) to determine if behaviour was altered by ganglioside level. Ceramide glucosyltransferase activity was decreased in both treatment groups; however, brain ganglioside levels were only decreased in the late treatment group. Learning in the water cross maze was improved in both groups and the innate fear response was also restored in both groups. A reduction in the expression of inflammatory gene Ccl3 was observed in the early treatment group, while IL1β expression was reduced in both treatment groups. Thus, it appears that NB-DNJ elicits a transient decrease in brain ganglioside levels, some modulation of inflammatory cytokines and a functional improvement in behaviour that can be elicited both before and after overt neurological changes manifest. SYNOPSIS NB-DNJ improves learning and restores the innate fear response in MPS IIIA mice by decreasing ceramide glucosyltransferase activity and transiently reducing ganglioside storage and/or modulating inflammatory signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xenia Kaidonis
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology (CYWHS site), North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Department of Genetics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Sharon Byers
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology (CYWHS site), North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Department of Genetics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Enzo Ranieri
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology (CYWHS site), North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Peter Sharp
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology (CYWHS site), North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Janice Fletcher
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology (CYWHS site), North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ainslie Derrick-Roberts
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology (CYWHS site), North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
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17
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Tomatsu S, Azario I, Sawamoto K, Pievani AS, Biondi A, Serafini M. Neonatal cellular and gene therapies for mucopolysaccharidoses: the earlier the better? J Inherit Metab Dis 2016; 39:189-202. [PMID: 26578156 PMCID: PMC4754332 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-015-9900-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs) are a group of lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs). The increasing interest in newborn screening procedures for LSDs underlines the need for alternative cellular and gene therapy approaches to be developed during the perinatal period, supporting the treatment of MPS patients before the onset of clinical signs and symptoms. The rationale for considering these early therapies results from the clinical experience in the treatment of MPSs and other genetic disorders. The normal or gene-corrected hematopoiesis transplanted in patients can produce the missing protein at levels sufficient to improve and/or halt the disease-related abnormalities. However, these current therapies are only partially successful, probably due to the limited efficacy of the protein provided through the hematopoiesis. An alternative explanation is that the time at which the cellular or gene therapy procedures are performed could be too late to prevent pre-existing or progressive organ damage. Considering these aspects, in the last several years, novel cellular and gene therapy approaches have been tested in different animal models at birth, a highly early stage, showing that precocious treatment is critical to prevent long-term pathological consequences. This review provides insights into the state-of-art accomplishments made with neonatal cellular and gene-based therapies and the major barriers that need to be overcome before they can be implemented in the medical community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunji Tomatsu
- Department of Biomedical Research, Alfred I. duPont Institute Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA.
- Skeletal Dysplasia Lab, Department of Biomedical Research, Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, 1600 Rockland Rd., Wilmington, DE, 19899-0269, USA.
| | - Isabella Azario
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute at Centro Ricerca M. Tettamanti, Department of Paediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, via Pergolesi, 33, 20900, Monza, MB, Italy
| | - Kazuki Sawamoto
- Department of Biomedical Research, Alfred I. duPont Institute Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Alice Silvia Pievani
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute at Centro Ricerca M. Tettamanti, Department of Paediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, via Pergolesi, 33, 20900, Monza, MB, Italy
| | - Andrea Biondi
- Centro Ricerca M. Tettamanti, Department of Paediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Pergolesi, 33, Monza, 20900, Italy
| | - Marta Serafini
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute at Centro Ricerca M. Tettamanti, Department of Paediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, via Pergolesi, 33, 20900, Monza, MB, Italy.
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18
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Jackson M, Derrick Roberts A, Martin E, Rout-Pitt N, Gronthos S, Byers S. Mucopolysaccharidosis enzyme production by bone marrow and dental pulp derived human mesenchymal stem cells. Mol Genet Metab 2015; 114:584-93. [PMID: 25748347 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are inherited metabolic disorders that arise from a complete loss or a reduction in one of eleven specific lysosomal enzymes. MPS children display pathology in multiple cell types leading to tissue and organ failure and early death. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) give rise to many of the cell types affected in MPS, including those that are refractory to current treatment protocols such as hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) based therapy. In this study we compared multiple MPS enzyme production by bone marrow derived (hBM) and dental pulp derived (hDP) MSCs to enzyme production by HSCs. hBM MSCs produce significantly higher levels of MPS I, II, IIIA, IVA, VI and VII enzyme than HSCs, while hDP MSCs produce significantly higher levels of MPS I, IIIA, IVA, VI and VII enzymes. Higher transfection efficiency was observed in MSCs (89%) compared to HSCs (23%) using a lentiviral vector. Over-expression of four different lysosomal enzymes resulted in up to 9303-fold and up to 5559-fold greater levels in MSC cell layer and media respectively. Stable, persistent transduction of MSCs and sustained over-expression of MPS VII enzyme was observed in vitro. Transduction of MSCs did not affect the ability of the cells to differentiate down osteogenic, adipogenic or chondrogenic lineages, but did partially delay differentiation down the non-mesodermal neurogenic lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matilda Jackson
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Department of Genetics, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ainslie Derrick Roberts
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ellenore Martin
- Department of Genetics, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Nathan Rout-Pitt
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Stan Gronthos
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Sharon Byers
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Department of Genetics, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
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McIntyre C, Derrick-Roberts ALK, Byers S, Anson DS. Correction of murine mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA central nervous system pathology by intracerebroventricular lentiviral-mediated gene delivery. J Gene Med 2014; 16:374-87. [DOI: 10.1002/jgm.2816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chantelle McIntyre
- School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health; University of Adelaide; South Australia Australia
| | - Ainslie L. K. Derrick-Roberts
- School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health; University of Adelaide; South Australia Australia
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology; North Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Sharon Byers
- School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health; University of Adelaide; South Australia Australia
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology; North Adelaide South Australia Australia
- School of Molecular and Biomedical Science; University of Adelaide; South Australia Australia
| | - Donald S. Anson
- School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health; University of Adelaide; South Australia Australia
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology; North Adelaide South Australia Australia
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