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Jenner AL, Smalley M, Goldman D, Goins WF, Cobbs CS, Puchalski RB, Chiocca EA, Lawler S, Macklin P, Goldman A, Craig M. Agent-based computational modeling of glioblastoma predicts that stromal density is central to oncolytic virus efficacy. iScience 2022; 25:104395. [PMID: 35637733 PMCID: PMC9142563 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are emerging cancer immunotherapy. Despite notable successes in the treatment of some tumors, OV therapy for central nervous system cancers has failed to show efficacy. We used an ex vivo tumor model developed from human glioblastoma tissue to evaluate the infiltration of herpes simplex OV rQNestin (oHSV-1) into glioblastoma tumors. We next leveraged our data to develop a computational, model of glioblastoma dynamics that accounts for cellular interactions within the tumor. Using our computational model, we found that low stromal density was highly predictive of oHSV-1 therapeutic success, suggesting that the efficacy of oHSV-1 in glioblastoma may be determined by stromal-to-tumor cell regional density. We validated these findings in heterogenous patient samples from brain metastatic adenocarcinoma. Our integrated modeling strategy can be applied to suggest mechanisms of therapeutic responses for central nervous system cancers and to facilitate the successful translation of OVs into the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrianne L. Jenner
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Munisha Smalley
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - William F. Goins
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Charles S. Cobbs
- Ben and Catherine Ivy Center for Advanced Brain Tumor Treatment, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ralph B. Puchalski
- Ben and Catherine Ivy Center for Advanced Brain Tumor Treatment, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - E. Antonio Chiocca
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sean Lawler
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paul Macklin
- Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Aaron Goldman
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Morgan Craig
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
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2
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Kuryk L, Rodella G, Staniszewska M, Pancer KW, Wieczorek M, Salmaso S, Caliceti P, Garofalo M. Novel Insights Into Mesothelioma Therapy: Emerging Avenues and Future Prospects. Front Oncol 2022; 12:916839. [PMID: 35785199 PMCID: PMC9247278 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.916839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive cancer that develops in the thin layer surrounding the mesothelium and is mainly caused by asbestos exposure. Despite improvements in patient prognosis with conventional cancer treatments, such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, there are still no curative treatment modalities for advanced disease. In recent years, new therapeutic avenues have been explored. Improved understanding of the mechanisms underlying the dynamic tumor interaction with the immune system has led to the development of immunotherapeutic approaches. Numerous recent clinical trials have shown a desire to develop more effective treatments that can be used to fight against the disease. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, oncolytic adenoviruses, and their combination represent a promising strategy that can be used to synergistically overcome immunosuppression in the mesothelioma tumor microenvironment. This review provides a synthesized overview of the current state of knowledge on new therapeutic options for mesothelioma with a focus on the results of clinical trials conducted in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Kuryk
- Department of Virology, National Institute of Public Health National Institute of Hygiene (NIH)—National Institute of Research, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- *Correspondence: Lukasz Kuryk, ; Mariangela Garofalo,
| | - Giulia Rodella
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Monika Staniszewska
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Technologies, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Wanda Pancer
- Department of Virology, National Institute of Public Health National Institute of Hygiene (NIH)—National Institute of Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Wieczorek
- Department of Virology, National Institute of Public Health National Institute of Hygiene (NIH)—National Institute of Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Stefano Salmaso
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Caliceti
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Mariangela Garofalo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- *Correspondence: Lukasz Kuryk, ; Mariangela Garofalo,
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3
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Feola S, Russo S, Ylösmäki E, Cerullo V. Oncolytic ImmunoViroTherapy: A long history of crosstalk between viruses and immune system for cancer treatment. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 236:108103. [PMID: 34954301 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.108103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer Immunotherapy relies on harnessing a patient's immune system to fine-tune specific anti-tumor responses and ultimately eradicate cancer. Among diverse therapeutic approaches, oncolytic viruses (OVs) have emerged as a novel form of cancer immunotherapy. OVs are a naturally occurring or genetically modified class of viruses able to selectively kill cancer cells, leaving healthy cells unharmed; in the last two decades, the role of OVs has been redefined to act beyond their oncolytic activity. Indeed, the immunogenic cancer cell death mediated by OVs induces the release of tumor antigens that in turn induces anti-tumor immunity, allowing OVs to act as in situ therapeutic cancer vaccines. Additionally, OVs can be engineered for intratumoral delivery of immunostimulatory molecules such as tumor antigens or cytokines to further enhance anti-tumor response. Moreover, OVs can be used in combination with other cancer immunotherapeutic approaches such as Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and CAR-T cells. The current review first defines the three main mechanisms of action (MOA) of OVs currently used in cancer therapy that are: i) Oncolysis, ii) OV-induced cancer-specific immune activation, and iii) Exploiting pre-existing anti-viral immunity to enhance cancer therapy. Secondly, we focus on how OVs can induce and/or improve anti-cancer immunity in a specific or unspecific fashion, highlighting the importance of these approaches. Finally, the last part of the review analyses OVs combined with other cancer immunotherapies, revising present and future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Feola
- Laboratory of Immunovirotherapy, Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5E, 00790 Helsinki, Finland; TRIMM, Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - S Russo
- Laboratory of Immunovirotherapy, Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5E, 00790 Helsinki, Finland; TRIMM, Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - E Ylösmäki
- Laboratory of Immunovirotherapy, Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5E, 00790 Helsinki, Finland; TRIMM, Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - V Cerullo
- Laboratory of Immunovirotherapy, Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5E, 00790 Helsinki, Finland; TRIMM, Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology and CEINGE, Naples University Federico II, S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
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4
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Characterization of a novel OX40 ligand and CD40 ligand-expressing oncolytic adenovirus used in the PeptiCRAd cancer vaccine platform. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2021; 20:459-469. [PMID: 33718594 PMCID: PMC7917457 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2021.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) have been shown to induce anti-cancer immunity and enhance cancer immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies. OV therapies can be further improved by arming OVs with immunostimulatory molecules, including various cytokines or chemokines. Here, we have developed a novel adenovirus encoding two immunostimulatory molecules: cluster of differentiation 40 ligand (CD40L) and tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4 ligand (OX40L). This novel virus, designated VALO-D102, is designed to activate both innate and adaptive immune responses against tumors. CD40L affects the innate side by licensing antigen-presenting cells to drive CD8+ T cell responses, and OX40L increases clonal expansion and survival of CD8+ T cells and formation of a larger pool of memory T cells. VALO-D102 and its murine surrogate VALO-mD901, expressing murine OX40L and CD40L, were used in our previously developed PeptiCRAd cancer vaccine platform. Intratumoral administration of PeptiCRAd significantly increased tumor-specific T cell responses, reduced tumor growth, and induced systemic anti-cancer immunity in two mouse models of melanoma. In addition, PeptiCRAd therapy, in combination with anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, significantly improved tumor growth control as compared to either monotherapy alone.
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Burman B, Pesci G, Zamarin D. Newcastle Disease Virus at the Forefront of Cancer Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123552. [PMID: 33260685 PMCID: PMC7761210 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Preclinical and clinical studies dating back to the 1950s have demonstrated that Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has oncolytic properties and can potently stimulate antitumor immune responses. NDV selectively infects, replicates within, and lyses cancer cells by exploiting defective antiviral defenses in cancer cells. Inflammation within the tumor microenvironment in response to NDV leads to the recruitment of innate and adaptive immune effector cells, presentation of tumor antigens, and induction of immune checkpoints. In animal models, intratumoral injection of NDV results in T cell infiltration of both local and distant non-injected tumors, demonstrating the potential of NDV to activate systemic adaptive antitumor immunity. The combination of intratumoral NDV with systemic immune checkpoint blockade leads to regression of both injected and distant tumors, an effect further potentiated by introduction of immunomodulatory transgenes into the viral genome. Clinical trials with naturally occurring NDV administered intravenously demonstrated durable responses across numerous cancer types. Based on these studies, further exploration of NDV is warranted, and clinical studies using recombinant NDV in combination with immune checkpoint blockade have been initiated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Burman
- Department of Medicine, Gynecologic Medical Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; (B.B.); (G.P.)
- Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Giulio Pesci
- Department of Medicine, Gynecologic Medical Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; (B.B.); (G.P.)
- Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Dmitriy Zamarin
- Department of Medicine, Gynecologic Medical Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; (B.B.); (G.P.)
- Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Correspondence:
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6
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Haq K, Jia Y, Elahi SM, MacLean S, Akache B, Gurnani K, Chattopadhyay A, Nazemi-Moghaddam N, Gilbert R, McCluskie MJ, Weeratna RD. Evaluation of recombinant adenovirus vectors and adjuvanted protein as a heterologous prime-boost strategy using HER2 as a model antigen. Vaccine 2019; 37:7029-7040. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.08.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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7
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Kuryk L, Møller ASW, Jaderberg M. Abscopal effect when combining oncolytic adenovirus and checkpoint inhibitor in a humanized NOG mouse model of melanoma. J Med Virol 2019; 91:1702-1706. [PMID: 31081549 PMCID: PMC6771875 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma, an immunogenic tumor, is the first indication where oncolytic viruses are now becoming part of clinical practice. ONCOS‐102, a transgened adenovirus, has shown to act as a primer of relevant tumor targeting immune cells both in preclinical and clinical melanoma studies. Strategies to augment its effectiveness warrant investigation. Combination therapy of ONCOS‐102 with the checkpoint inhibitor (CPI) pembrolizumab was evaluated in a quasi‐human animal model, the humanized NOG mouse model. A dosing schedule of the combination, beginning the CPI concurrently with the oncolytic viral therapy and continuing the CPI treatment, appeared to induce an abscopal effect in untreated tumor lesions. Concurrent combination therapy with checkpoint inhibitors may improve the induction of antitumor immune responses of ONCOS‐102. The combinatory therapy of ONCOS‐102 and CPI, appeared to induce an abscopal effect in untreated tumor lesions. The data support the development of ONCOS‐102 with checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of malignant cancer diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Kuryk
- Targovax Oy, Clinical Science, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Virology, National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene, Warsaw, Poland
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8
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Tarasova IA, Tereshkova AV, Lobas AA, Solovyeva EM, Sidorenko AS, Gorshkov V, Kjeldsen F, Bubis JA, Ivanov MV, Ilina IY, Moshkovskii SA, Chumakov PM, Gorshkov MV. Comparative proteomics as a tool for identifying specific alterations within interferon response pathways in human glioblastoma multiforme cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:1785-1802. [PMID: 29416731 PMCID: PMC5788599 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An acquisition of increased sensitivity of cancer cells to viruses is a common outcome of malignant progression that justifies the development of oncolytic viruses as anticancer therapeutics. Studying molecular changes that underlie the sensitivity to viruses would help to identify cases where oncolytic virus therapy would be most effective. We quantified changes in protein abundances in two glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cell lines that differ in the ability to induce resistance to vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) infection in response to type I interferon (IFN) treatment. In IFN-treated samples we observed an up-regulation of protein products of some IFN-regulated genes (IRGs). In total, the proteome analysis revealed up to 20% more proteins encoded by IRGs in the glioblastoma cell line, which develops resistance to VSV infection after pre-treatment with IFN. In both cell lines protein-protein interaction and signaling pathway analyses have revealed a significant stimulation of processes related to type I IFN signaling and defense responses to viruses. However, we observed a deficiency in STAT2 protein in the VSV-sensitive cell line that suggests a de-regulation of the JAK/STAT/IRF9 signaling. The study has shown that the up-regulation of IRG proteins induced by the IFNα treatment of GBM cells can be detected at the proteome level. Similar analyses could be applied for revealing functional alterations within the antiviral mechanisms in glioblastoma samples, accompanying by acquisition of sensitivity to oncolytic viruses. The approach can be useful for discovering the biomarkers that predict a potential sensitivity of individual glioblastoma tumors to oncolytic virus therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina A Tarasova
- Talrose Institute for Energy Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alesya V Tereshkova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Chumakov Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142782 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna A Lobas
- Talrose Institute for Energy Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Elizaveta M Solovyeva
- Talrose Institute for Energy Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Alena S Sidorenko
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Gorshkov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Frank Kjeldsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Julia A Bubis
- Talrose Institute for Energy Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Mark V Ivanov
- Talrose Institute for Energy Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Irina Y Ilina
- Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergei A Moshkovskii
- Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Peter M Chumakov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Chumakov Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142782 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail V Gorshkov
- Talrose Institute for Energy Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia
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9
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Le DT, Hubbard-Lucey VM, Morse MA, Heery CR, Dwyer A, Marsilje TH, Brodsky AN, Chan E, Deming DA, Diaz LA, Fridman WH, Goldberg RM, Hamilton SR, Housseau F, Jaffee EM, Kang SP, Krishnamurthi SS, Lieu CH, Messersmith W, Sears CL, Segal NH, Yang A, Moss RA, Cha E, O'Donnell-Tormey J, Roach N, Davis AQ, McAbee K, Worrall S, Benson AB. A Blueprint to Advance Colorectal Cancer Immunotherapies. Cancer Immunol Res 2017; 5:942-949. [PMID: 29038296 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-17-0375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy is rapidly becoming a standard of care for many cancers. However, colorectal cancer had been generally resistant to immunotherapy, despite features in common with sensitive tumors. Observations of substantial clinical activity for checkpoint blockade in colorectal cancers with defective mismatch repair (microsatellite instability-high tumors) have reignited interest in the search for immunotherapies that could be extended to the larger microsatellite stable (MSS) population. The Cancer Research Institute and Fight Colorectal Cancer convened a group of scientists, clinicians, advocates, and industry experts in colorectal cancer and immunotherapy to compile ongoing research efforts, identify gaps in translational and clinical research, and provide a blueprint to advance immunotherapy. We identified lack of a T-cell inflamed phenotype (due to inadequate T-cell infiltration, inadequate T-cell activation, or T-cell suppression) as a broad potential explanation for failure of checkpoint blockade in MSS. The specific cellular and molecular underpinnings for these various mechanisms are unclear. Whether biomarkers with prognostic value, such as the immunoscores and IFN signatures, would also predict benefit for immunotherapies in MSS colon cancer is unknown, but if so, these and other biomarkers for measuring the potential for an immune response in patients with colorectal cancer will need to be incorporated into clinical guidelines. We have proposed a framework for research to identify immunologic factors that may be modulated to improve immunotherapy for colorectal cancer patients, with the goal that the biomarkers and treatment strategies identified will become part of the routine management of colorectal cancer. Cancer Immunol Res; 5(11); 942-9. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dung T Le
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Michael A Morse
- Division of Medical Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Christopher R Heery
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Andrea Dwyer
- Fight Colorectal Cancer, Alexandria, Virginia.,The Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Thomas H Marsilje
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, California
| | | | - Emily Chan
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Dustin A Deming
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Luis A Diaz
- Ludwig Center and Howard Hughes Medical Institute at Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Wolf H Fridman
- University Paris-Descartes, Cordeliers Research Centre, Paris, France
| | - Richard M Goldberg
- The West Virginia University Mary Randolph Babb Cancer Center, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | | | - Franck Housseau
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Elizabeth M Jaffee
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | | | | | | | - Cynthia L Sears
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Neil H Segal
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Arvin Yang
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey
| | | | | | | | - Nancy Roach
- Fight Colorectal Cancer, Alexandria, Virginia
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10
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Santiago DN, Heidbuechel JPW, Kandell WM, Walker R, Djeu J, Engeland CE, Abate-Daga D, Enderling H. Fighting Cancer with Mathematics and Viruses. Viruses 2017; 9:E239. [PMID: 28832539 PMCID: PMC5618005 DOI: 10.3390/v9090239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
After decades of research, oncolytic virotherapy has recently advanced to clinical application, and currently a multitude of novel agents and combination treatments are being evaluated for cancer therapy. Oncolytic agents preferentially replicate in tumor cells, inducing tumor cell lysis and complex antitumor effects, such as innate and adaptive immune responses and the destruction of tumor vasculature. With the availability of different vector platforms and the potential of both genetic engineering and combination regimens to enhance particular aspects of safety and efficacy, the identification of optimal treatments for patient subpopulations or even individual patients becomes a top priority. Mathematical modeling can provide support in this arena by making use of experimental and clinical data to generate hypotheses about the mechanisms underlying complex biology and, ultimately, predict optimal treatment protocols. Increasingly complex models can be applied to account for therapeutically relevant parameters such as components of the immune system. In this review, we describe current developments in oncolytic virotherapy and mathematical modeling to discuss the benefit of integrating different modeling approaches into biological and clinical experimentation. Conclusively, we propose a mutual combination of these research fields to increase the value of the preclinical development and the therapeutic efficacy of the resulting treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel N Santiago
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
- Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
| | | | - Wendy M Kandell
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
- Cancer Biology PhD Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
| | - Rachel Walker
- Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
| | - Julie Djeu
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
| | - Christine E Engeland
- German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
- National Center for Tumor Diseases Heidelberg, Department of Translational Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Daniel Abate-Daga
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
| | - Heiko Enderling
- Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
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11
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Boisgerault N, Grégoire M, Fonteneau JF. Viral cancer therapies: are they ready for combination with other immunotherapies? Future Oncol 2017; 13:1569-1571. [PMID: 28776392 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2017-0135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marc Grégoire
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
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12
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Chia SL, Lei J, Ferguson DJP, Dyer A, Fisher KD, Seymour LW. Group B adenovirus enadenotucirev infects polarised colorectal cancer cells efficiently from the basolateral surface expected to be encountered during intravenous delivery to treat disseminated cancer. Virology 2017; 505:162-171. [PMID: 28260622 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2017.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Enadenotucirev (EnAd) is a group B oncolytic adenovirus developed for systemic delivery and currently undergoing clinical evaluation for advanced cancer therapy. For differentiated carcinomas, systemic delivery would likely expose virus particles to the basolateral surface of cancer cells rather than the apical surface encountered during natural infection. Here, we compare the ability of EnAd and adenovirus type-5 (Ad5) to infect polarised colorectal carcinoma cells from the apical or basolateral surfaces. Whereas Ad5 infection was more efficient via the apical than basolateral surface, EnAd readily infected cells from either surface. Progeny particles from EnAd were released preferentially via the apical surface for all cell lines and routes of infection. These data further support the utility of group B adenoviruses for systemic delivery and suggest that progeny virus are more likely to be released into the tumour rather than back through the basolateral surface into the blood stream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suet-Lin Chia
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Janet Lei
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - David J P Ferguson
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Arthur Dyer
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Kerry D Fisher
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; PsiOxus Therapeutics, Abingdon, United Kingdom
| | - Leonard W Seymour
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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13
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Yumul R, Richter M, Lu ZZ, Saydaminova K, Wang H, Wang CHK, Carter D, Lieber A. Epithelial Junction Opener Improves Oncolytic Adenovirus Therapy in Mouse Tumor Models. Hum Gene Ther 2016; 27:325-37. [PMID: 26993072 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2016.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A central resistance mechanism in solid tumors is the maintenance of epithelial junctions between malignant cells that prevent drug penetration into the tumor. Human adenoviruses (Ads) have evolved mechanisms to breach epithelial barriers. For example, during Ad serotype 3 (Ad3) infection of epithelial tumor cells, massive amounts of subviral penton-dodecahedral particles (PtDd) are produced and released from infected cells to trigger the transient opening of epithelial junctions, thus facilitating lateral virus spread. We show here that an Ad3 mutant that is disabled for PtDd production is significantly less effective in killing of epithelial human xenograft tumors than the wild-type Ad3 virus. Intratumoral spread and therapeutic effect of the Ad3 mutant was enhanced by co-administration of a small recombinant protein (JO; produced in Escherichia coli) that incorporated the minimal junction opening domains of PtDd. We then demonstrated that co-administration of JO with replication-competent Ads that do not produce PtDd (Ad5, Ad35) resulted in greater attenuation of tumor growth than virus injection alone. Furthermore, we genetically modified a conditionally replicating Ad5-based oncolytic Ad (Ad5Δ24) to express a secreted form of JO upon replication in tumor cells. The JO-expressing virus had a significantly greater antitumor effect than the unmodified AdΔ24 version. Our findings indicate that epithelial junctions limit the efficacy of oncolytic Ads and that this problem can be address by co-injection or expression of JO. JO has also the potential for improving cancer therapy with other types of oncolytic viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roma Yumul
- 1 Division of Medical Genetics, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington
| | - Maximilian Richter
- 1 Division of Medical Genetics, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington
| | - Zhuo-Zhuang Lu
- 1 Division of Medical Genetics, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington.,2 National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Beijing, PR China
| | - Kamola Saydaminova
- 1 Division of Medical Genetics, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington
| | - Hongjie Wang
- 1 Division of Medical Genetics, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Darrick Carter
- 4 Compliment Corp. , Seattle, Washington.,5 PAI Life Sciences Inc. , Seattle, Washington
| | - André Lieber
- 1 Division of Medical Genetics, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington.,4 Compliment Corp. , Seattle, Washington.,6 Department of Pathology, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington
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14
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Whole cell vaccination using immunogenic cell death by an oncolytic adenovirus is effective against a colorectal cancer model. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2016; 3:16031. [PMID: 28035331 PMCID: PMC5155634 DOI: 10.1038/mto.2016.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cancer vaccine application is limited to specific cancer types because few cancer-associated antigens are known to induce tumor rejection. Accordingly, we assessed the utility of Ad881, an oncolytic adenovirus in which viral replication was strictly regulated by the cancer-specific midkine promoter, as a cancer vaccine in a murine colorectal cancer model lacking specific cancer-associated antigens. In CT26 and CMT93 cells, Ad881 (multiplicity of infection: 100 or 1,000) showed stronger cytotoxicity and oncolysis in vitro than its equivalent replication-defective adenovirus, Ad884. CT26 cells (1 × 104) infected with Ad881 (multiplicity of infection: 1,000) for 24 hours were suitable as vaccine antigens without tumor formation in our model. Repeated vaccinations, but not single vaccination, induced a greater prophylactic immune response. The percentage of mice that rejected the tumor challenge was 0, 4, and 38% after no vaccination, single vaccination, and repeated vaccinations, respectively. Immunogenic cell death marker high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) and adenosine triphosphate in culture medium were higher after Ad881 infection (24.3 ng/ml and 48.2 nmol/l, respectively) than after Ad884 infection (8.6 ng/ml and 15.4 nmol/l, respectively) or oxaliplatin treatment (3.7 ng/ml and 1.8 nmol/l, respectively). These results indicate that repeated whole cell vaccination using an oncolytic adenovirus may be a potent approach to evoke immunogenic cell death.
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15
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Predictive and Prognostic Clinical Variables in Cancer Patients Treated With Adenoviral Oncolytic Immunotherapy. Mol Ther 2016; 24:1323-32. [PMID: 27039846 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2016.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of oncolytic viruses has recently made great progress towards being available to cancer patients. With the breakthrough into clinics, it is crucial to analyze the existing clinical experience and use it as a basis for treatment improvements. Here, we report clinical data from 290 patients treated with oncolytic adenovirus. Using clinical variables and treatment characteristics, we constructed statistical models with regard to treatment response and overall survival (OS). Additionally, we investigated effects of neutralizing antibodies, tumor burden, and peripheral blood leucocyte counts on these outcomes. We found the absence of liver metastases to correlate with an improved rate of disease control (P = 0.021). In multivariate evaluation, patients treated with viruses coding for immunostimulatory granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor were linked to better prognosis (hazard ratio (HR) 0.378, P < 0.001), as well as women with any cancer type (HR 0.694, P = 0.017). In multivariate analysis for imaging response, patients treated via intraperitoneal injection were more likely to achieve disease control (odds ratio (OR) 3.246, P = 0.027). Patients with low neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio before treatment had significantly longer OS (P < 0.001). These findings could explain some of the variation seen in treatment outcomes after virotherapy. Furthermore, the results offer hypotheses for treatment optimization and patient selection in oncolytic adenovirus immunotherapy.
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16
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Siurala M, Vähä-Koskela M, Havunen R, Tähtinen S, Bramante S, Parviainen S, Mathis JM, Kanerva A, Hemminki A. Syngeneic syrian hamster tumors feature tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes allowing adoptive cell therapy enhanced by oncolytic adenovirus in a replication permissive setting. Oncoimmunology 2016; 5:e1136046. [PMID: 27467954 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2015.1136046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Adoptive transfer of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) has shown promising yet sometimes suboptimal results in clinical trials for advanced cancer, underscoring the need for approaches improving efficacy and safety. Six implantable syngeneic tumor cell lines of the Syrian hamster were used to initiate TIL cultures. TIL generated from tumor fragments cultured in human interleukin-2 (IL-2) for 10 d were adoptively transferred into tumor-bearing hamsters with concomitant intratumoral injections of oncolytic adenovirus (Ad5-D24) for the assessment of antitumor efficacy. Pancreatic cancer (HapT1) and melanoma (RPMI 1846) TIL exhibited potent and tumor-specific cytotoxicity in effector-to-target (E/T) assays. MHC Class I blocking abrogated the cell killing of RPMI 1846 TIL, indicating cytotoxic CD8(+) T-cell activity. When TIL were combined with Ad5-D24 in vitro, HapT1 tumor cell killing was significantly enhanced over single agents. In vivo, the intratumoral administration of HapT1 TIL and Ad5-D24 resulted in improved tumor growth control compared with either treatment alone. Additionally, splenocytes derived from animals treated with the combination of Ad5-D24 and TIL killed autologous tumor cells more efficiently than monotherapy-derived splenocytes, suggesting that systemic antitumor immunity was induced. For the first time, TIL of the Syrian hamster have been cultured, characterized and used therapeutically together with oncolytic adenovirus for enhancing the efficacy of TIL therapy. Our results support human translation of oncolytic adenovirus as an enabling technology for adoptive T-cell therapy of solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikko Siurala
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; TILT Biotherapeutics Ltd, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markus Vähä-Koskela
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki , Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riikka Havunen
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki , Helsinki, Finland
| | - Siri Tähtinen
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki , Helsinki, Finland
| | - Simona Bramante
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki , Helsinki, Finland
| | - Suvi Parviainen
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; TILT Biotherapeutics Ltd, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J Michael Mathis
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Anna Kanerva
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital (HUCH), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Akseli Hemminki
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; TILT Biotherapeutics Ltd, Helsinki, Finland; Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
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17
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Newcastle Disease Virus: Potential Therapeutic Application for Human and Canine Lymphoma. Viruses 2015; 8:v8010003. [PMID: 26703717 PMCID: PMC4728563 DOI: 10.3390/v8010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Research on oncolytic viruses has mostly been directed towards the treatment of solid tumors, which has yielded limited information regarding their activity in hematological cancer. It has also been directed towards the treatment of humans, yet veterinary medicine may also benefit. Several strains of the Newcastle disease virus (NDV) have been used as oncolytics in vitro and in a number of in vivo experiments. We studied the cytolytic effect of NDV-MLS, a low virulence attenuated lentogenic strain, on a human large B-cell lymphoma cell line (SU-DHL-4), as well as on primary canine-derived B-cell lymphoma cells, and compared them to healthy peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from both humans and dogs. NDV-MLS reduced cell survival in both human (42% ± 5%) and dog (34% ± 12%) lymphoma cells as compared to untreated controls. No significant effect on PBMC was seen. Cell death involved apoptosis as documented by flow-cytometry. NDV-MLS infections of malignant lymphoma tumors in vivo in dogs were confirmed by electron microscopy. Early (24 h) biodistribution of intravenous injection of 1 × 1012 TCID50 (tissue culture infective dose) in a dog with T-cell lymphoma showed viral localization only in the kidney, the salivary gland, the lung and the stomach by immunohistochemistry and/or endpoint PCR. We conclude that NDV-MLS may be a promising agent for the treatment of lymphomas. Future research is needed to elucidate the optimal therapeutic regimen and establish appropriate biosafety measures.
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