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Lopes-Pacheco M, Rocco PRM. Functional enhancement strategies to potentiate the therapeutic properties of mesenchymal stromal cells for respiratory diseases. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1067422. [PMID: 37007034 PMCID: PMC10062457 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1067422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory diseases remain a major health concern worldwide because they subject patients to considerable financial and psychosocial burdens and result in a high rate of morbidity and mortality. Although significant progress has been made in understanding the underlying pathologic mechanisms of severe respiratory diseases, most therapies are supportive, aiming to mitigate symptoms and slow down their progressive course but cannot improve lung function or reverse tissue remodeling. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are at the forefront of the regenerative medicine field due to their unique biomedical potential in promoting immunomodulation, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and antimicrobial activities, and tissue repair in various experimental models. However, despite several years of preclinical research on MSCs, therapeutic outcomes have fallen far short in early-stage clinical trials for respiratory diseases. This limited efficacy has been associated with several factors, such as reduced MSC homing, survival, and infusion in the late course of lung disease. Accordingly, genetic engineering and preconditioning methods have emerged as functional enhancement strategies to potentiate the therapeutic actions of MSCs and thus achieve better clinical outcomes. This narrative review describes various strategies that have been investigated in the experimental setting to functionally potentiate the therapeutic properties of MSCs for respiratory diseases. These include changes in culture conditions, exposure of MSCs to inflammatory environments, pharmacological agents or other substances, and genetic manipulation for enhanced and sustained expression of genes of interest. Future directions and challenges in efficiently translating MSC research into clinical practice are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miquéias Lopes-Pacheco
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- *Correspondence: Miquéias Lopes-Pacheco, ; Patricia R. M. Rocco,
| | - Patricia R. M. Rocco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Miquéias Lopes-Pacheco, ; Patricia R. M. Rocco,
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2
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Luo Y, Ge S, Chen Q, Lin S, He W, Zeng M. Overexpression of FoxM1 optimizes the therapeutic effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on acute respiratory distress syndrome. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:27. [PMID: 36788588 PMCID: PMC9926819 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03240-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Injury of alveolar epithelial cells and capillary endothelial cells is crucial in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising cell source for ALI/ARDS treatment. Overexpression of Fork head box protein M1 (FoxM1) facilitates MSC differentiation into alveolar type II (AT II) cells in vitro. Moreover, FoxM1 has been shown to repair the endothelial barrier. Therefore, this study explored whether overexpression of FoxM1 promotes the therapeutic effect of bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) on ARDS by differentiation of BMSCs into AT II cells or a paracrine mechanism. METHODS A septic ALI model was established in mice by intraperitoneal administration of lipopolysaccharide. The protective effect of BMSCs-FoxM1 on ALI was explored by detecting pathological variations in the lung, total protein concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), wet/dry (W/D) lung weight ratio, oxidative stress levels, cytokine levels, and retention of BMSCs in the lung. In addition, we assessed whether FoxM1 overexpression promoted the therapeutic effect of BMSCs on ALI/ARDS by differentiating into AT II cells using SPC-/- mice. Furthermore, the protective effect of BMSCs-FoxM1 on lipopolysaccharide-induced endothelial cell (EC) injury was explored by detecting EC proliferation, apoptosis, scratch wounds, tube formation, permeability, and oxidative stress, and analyzing whether the Wnt/β-catenin pathway contributes to the regulatory mechanism in vitro using a pathway inhibitor. RESULTS Compared with BMSCs-Vector, treatment with BMSCs-FoxM1 significantly decreased the W/D lung weight ratio, total BALF protein level, lung injury score, oxidative stress, and cytokine levels. With the detected track of BMSCs-FoxM1, we observed a low residency rate and short duration of residency in the lung. Notably, SPC was not expressed in SPC-/- mice injected with BMSCs-FoxM1. Furthermore, BMSCs-FoxM1 enhanced EC proliferation, migration, and tube formation; inhibited EC apoptosis and inflammation; and maintained vascular integrity through activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, which was partially reversed by XAV-939. CONCLUSION Overexpression of FoxM1 enhanced the therapeutic effect of BMSCs on ARDS, possibly through a paracrine mechanism rather than by promoting BMSC differentiation into AT II cells in vivo, and prevented LPS-induced EC barrier disruption partially through activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Luo
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Medical Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China
| | - Shanhui Ge
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Medical Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China
| | - Qingui Chen
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Medical Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China
| | - Shan Lin
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Medical Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China
| | - Wanmei He
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Medical Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China
| | - Mian Zeng
- Department of Medical Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
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3
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Sadeghi B, Ringdén O, Gustafsson B, Castegren M. Mesenchymal stromal cells as treatment for acute respiratory distress syndrome. Case Reports following hematopoietic cell transplantation and a review. Front Immunol 2022; 13:963445. [PMID: 36426365 PMCID: PMC9680556 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.963445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening lung disease. It may occur during the pancytopenia phase following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). ARDS is rare following HCT. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have strong anti-inflammatory effect and first home to the lung following intravenous infusion. MSCs are safe to infuse and have almost no side effects. During the Covid-19 pandemic many patients died from ARDS. Subsequently MSCs were evaluated as a therapy for Covid-19 induced ARDS. We report three patients, who were treated with MSCs for ARDS following HCT. Two were treated with MSCs derived from the bone marrow (BM). The third patient was treated with MSCs obtained from the placenta, so-called decidua stromal cells (DSCs). In the first patient, the pulmonary infiltrates cleared after infusion of BM-MSCs, but he died from multiorgan failure. The second patient treated with BM-MSCs died of aspergillus infection. The patient treated with DSCs had a dramatic response and survived. He is alive after 7 years with a Karnofsky score of 100%. We also reviewed experimental and clinical studies using MSCs or DSCs for ARDS. Several positive reports are using MSCs for sepsis and ARDS in experimental animals. In man, two prospective randomized placebo-controlled studies used adipose and BM-MSCs, respectively. No difference in outcome was seen compared to placebo. Some pilot studies used MSCs for Covid-19 ARDS. Positive results were achieved using umbilical cord and DSCs however, optimal source of MSCs remains to be elucidated using randomized trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnam Sadeghi
- Translational Cell Therapy Research (TCR), Division of Paediatrics, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Behnam Sadeghi,
| | - Olle Ringdén
- Translational Cell Therapy Research (TCR), Division of Paediatrics, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Britt Gustafsson
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Markus Castegren
- Center for Clinical Research, Sörmland, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, CLINTEC, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Science, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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4
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Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Potential Biodrug for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Treatment. BioDrugs 2022; 36:701-715. [PMID: 36087245 PMCID: PMC9463673 DOI: 10.1007/s40259-022-00555-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe respiratory disease associated with high morbidity and mortality in the clinic. In the face of limited treatment options for ARDS, extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-EVs) have recently shown promise. They regulate levels of growth factors, cytokines, and other internal therapeutic molecules. The possible therapeutic mechanisms of MSC-EVs include anti-inflammatory, cell injury repair, alveolar fluid clearance, and microbe clearance. The potent therapeutic ability and biocompatibility of MSC-EVs have enabled them as an alternative option to ameliorate ARDS. In this review, recent advances, therapeutic mechanisms, advantages and limitations, as well as improvements of using MSC-EVs to treat ARDS are summarized. This review is expected to provide a brief view of the potential applications of MSC-EVs as novel biodrugs to treat ARDS.
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5
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Ngai HW, Kim DH, Hammad M, Gutova M, Aboody K, Cox CD. Stem Cell‐based therapies for COVID‐19‐related acute respiratory distress syndrome. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:2483-2504. [PMID: 35426198 PMCID: PMC9077311 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hoi Wa Ngai
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine City of Hope Beckman Research Institute Duarte California USA
| | - Dae Hong Kim
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine City of Hope Beckman Research Institute Duarte California USA
| | - Mohamed Hammad
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine City of Hope Beckman Research Institute Duarte California USA
| | - Margarita Gutova
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine City of Hope Beckman Research Institute Duarte California USA
| | - Karen Aboody
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine City of Hope Beckman Research Institute Duarte California USA
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6
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Kulesza A, Zielniok K, Hawryluk J, Paczek L, Burdzinska A. Ibuprofen in Therapeutic Concentrations Affects the Secretion of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells, but Not Their Proliferative and Migratory Capacity. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12020287. [PMID: 35204788 PMCID: PMC8961564 DOI: 10.3390/biom12020287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are able to modulate the immune system activity and the regeneration processes mainly through the secretion of multiple soluble factors, including prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). PGE2 is produced as a result of cyclooxygenases (COX) activity. In the present study, we investigated how ibuprofen, a nonselective COX inhibitor, affects the proliferation, migration and secretion of human bone marrow MSCs (hBM-MSCs). For this purpose, six hBM-MSCs populations were treated with ibuprofen at doses which do not differ from maximum serum concentrations during standard pharmacotherapy. Ibuprofen treatment (25 or 50 µg/mL) substantially reduced the secretion of PGE2 in all tested populations. Following ibuprofen administration, MSCs were subjected to proliferation (BrdU), transwell migration, and scratch assays, while its effect on MSCs secretome was evaluated by Proteome Profiler and Luminex immunoassays. Ibuprofen did not cause statistically significant changes in the proliferation rate and migration ability of MSCs (p > 0.05). However, ibuprofen (25 µg/mL for 3 days) significantly decreased mean secretion of: CCL2 (by 44%), HGF (by 31%), IL-6 (by 22%), VEGF (by 20%) and IL-4 (by 8%) compared to secretion of control MSCs (p < 0.05). Our results indicate that ibuprofen at therapeutic concentrations may impair the pro-regenerative properties of hBM-MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Kulesza
- Department of Immunology, Transplantology and Internal Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Nowogrodzka 59, 02-006 Warsaw, Poland; (A.K.); (J.H.); (L.P.)
| | - Katarzyna Zielniok
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Nowogrodzka 59, 02-006 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Jakub Hawryluk
- Department of Immunology, Transplantology and Internal Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Nowogrodzka 59, 02-006 Warsaw, Poland; (A.K.); (J.H.); (L.P.)
| | - Leszek Paczek
- Department of Immunology, Transplantology and Internal Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Nowogrodzka 59, 02-006 Warsaw, Poland; (A.K.); (J.H.); (L.P.)
- Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5A, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Burdzinska
- Department of Immunology, Transplantology and Internal Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Nowogrodzka 59, 02-006 Warsaw, Poland; (A.K.); (J.H.); (L.P.)
- Correspondence:
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7
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Esquivel-Ruiz S, González-Rodríguez P, Lorente JA, Pérez-Vizcaíno F, Herrero R, Moreno L. Extracellular Vesicles and Alveolar Epithelial-Capillary Barrier Disruption in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Pathophysiological Role and Therapeutic Potential. Front Physiol 2021; 12:752287. [PMID: 34887773 PMCID: PMC8650589 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.752287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) mediate intercellular communication by transferring genetic material, proteins and organelles between different cells types in both health and disease. Recent evidence suggests that these vesicles, more than simply diagnostic markers, are key mediators of the pathophysiology of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and other lung diseases. In this review, we will discuss the contribution of EVs released by pulmonary structural cells (alveolar epithelial and endothelial cells) and immune cells in these diseases, with particular attention to their ability to modulate inflammation and alveolar-capillary barrier disruption, a hallmark of ARDS. EVs also offer a unique opportunity to develop new therapeutics for the treatment of ARDS. Evidences supporting the ability of stem cell-derived EVs to attenuate the lung injury and ongoing strategies to improve their therapeutic potential are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Esquivel-Ruiz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain.,Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma González-Rodríguez
- Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Critical Care, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Madrid, Spain
| | - José A Lorente
- Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Critical Care, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Madrid, Spain.,Clinical Section, School of Medicine, European University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Pérez-Vizcaíno
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain.,Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Herrero
- Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Critical Care, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Moreno
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain.,Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
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8
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Xu Z, Huang Y, Zhou J, Deng X, He W, Liu X, Li Y, Zhong N, Sang L. Current Status of Cell-Based Therapies for COVID-19: Evidence From Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Sepsis and ARDS. Front Immunol 2021; 12:738697. [PMID: 34659231 PMCID: PMC8517471 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.738697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The severe respiratory consequences of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have prompted the urgent need for novel therapies. Cell-based therapies, primarily using mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), have demonstrated safety and potential efficacy in the treatment of critical illness, particularly sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). However, there are limited preclinical data for MSCs in COVID-19. Recent studies have shown that MSCs could decrease inflammation, improve lung permeability, enhance microbe and alveolar fluid clearance, and promote lung epithelial and endothelial repair. In addition, MSC-based therapy has shown promising effects in preclinical studies and phase 1 clinical trials in sepsis and ARDS. Here, we review recent advances related to MSC-based therapy in the context of sepsis and ARDS and evaluate the potential value of MSCs as a therapeutic strategy for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongbo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianmeng Zhou
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiumei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiqun He
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yimin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nanshan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
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9
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Fengyun W, LiXin Z, Xinhua Q, Bin F. Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Attenuate Infection-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Animal Experiments: A Meta-Analysis. Cell Transplant 2021; 29:963689720969186. [PMID: 33164559 PMCID: PMC7784610 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720969186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) therapy is a potential therapy for treating acute lung injury (ALI) or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which was widely studied in the last decade. The purpose of our meta-analysis was to investigate the efficacy of MSCs for simulated infection-induced ALI/ARDS in animal trials. PubMed and EMBASE were searched to screen relevant preclinical trials with a prespecified search strategy. 57 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in our study. Our meta-analysis showed that MSCs can reduce the lung injury score of ALI caused by lipopolysaccharide or bacteria (standardized mean difference (SMD) = −2.97, 95% CI [−3.64 to −2.30], P < 0.00001) and improve the animals’ survival (odds ratio = 3.64, 95% CI [2.55 to 5.19], P < 0.00001). Our study discovered that MSCs can reduce the wet weight to dry weight ratio of the lung (SMD = −2.58, 95% CI [−3.24 to −1.91], P < 0.00001). The proportion of the alveolar sac in the MSC group was higher than that in the control group (SMD = 1.68, 95% CI [1.22 to 2.13], P < 0.00001). Moreover, our study detected that MSCs can downregulate the levels of proinflammatory factors such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α in the lung and it can upregulate the level of anti-inflammatory factor IL-10. MSCs were also found to reduce the level of neutrophils and total protein in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, decrease myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in the lung, and improve lung compliance. MSC therapy may be a promising treatment for ALI/ARDS since it may mitigate the severity of lung injury, modulate the immune balance, and ameliorate the permeability of lung vessels in ALI/ARDS, thus facilitating lung regeneration and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Fengyun
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, 66278The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Zhou LiXin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, 66278The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Qiang Xinhua
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, 66278The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Fang Bin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, 66278The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
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Sharma A, Chakraborty A, Jaganathan BG. Review of the potential of mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of infectious diseases. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:568-593. [PMID: 34249228 PMCID: PMC8246252 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i6.568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic value of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for the treatment of infectious diseases and the repair of disease-induced tissue damage has been explored extensively. MSCs inhibit inflammation, reduce pathogen load and tissue damage encountered during infectious diseases through the secretion of antimicrobial factors for pathogen clearance and they phagocytose certain bacteria themselves. MSCs dampen tissue damage during infection by downregulating the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and inhibiting the excessive recruitment of neutrophils and proliferation of T cells at the site of injury. MSCs aid in the regeneration of damaged tissue by differentiating into the damaged cell types or by releasing paracrine factors that direct tissue regeneration, differentiation, and wound healing. In this review, we discuss in detail the various mechanisms by which MSCs help combat pathogens, tissue damage associated with infectious diseases, and challenges in utilizing MSCs for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Sharma
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Group, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Anuja Chakraborty
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Group, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Bithiah Grace Jaganathan
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Group, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
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11
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Lam G, Zhou Y, Wang JX, Tsui YP. Targeting mesenchymal stem cell therapy for severe pneumonia patients. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:139-154. [PMID: 33708343 PMCID: PMC7933990 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i2.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pneumonia is the inflammation of the lungs and it is the world's leading cause of death for children under 5 years of age. The latest coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) virus is a prominent culprit to severe pneumonia. With the pandemic running rampant for the past year, more than 1590000 deaths has occurred worldwide up to December 2020 and are substantially attributable to severe pneumonia and induced cytokine storm. Effective therapeutic approaches in addition to the vaccines and drugs under development are hence greatly sought after. Therapies harnessing stem cells and their derivatives have been established by basic research for their versatile capacity to specifically inhibit inflammation due to pneumonia and prevent alveolar/pulmonary fibrosis while enhancing antibacterial/antiviral immunity, thus significantly alleviating the severe clinical conditions of pneumonia. In recent clinical trials, mesenchymal stem cells have shown effectiveness in reducing COVID-19-associated pneumonia morbidity and mortality; positioning these cells as worthy candidates for combating one of the greatest challenges of our time and shedding light on their prospects as a next-generation therapy to counter future challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Lam
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Research and Development, Help Therapeutics Co. Ltd., Nanjing 211100, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jia-Xian Wang
- Research and Development, Help Therapeutics Co. Ltd., Nanjing 211100, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yat-Ping Tsui
- Research and Development, Help Therapeutics Co. Ltd., Nanjing 211100, Jiangsu Province, China.
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12
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Comprehensive Analysis of the Profiles of Differentially Expressed mRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs in Phosgene-Induced Acute Lung Injury. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6278526. [PMID: 33506021 PMCID: PMC7811572 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6278526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Phosgene exposure can cause acute lung injury (ALI), for which there is no currently available effective treatment. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) which have been proven to have therapeutic potential and be helpful in the treatment of various diseases, but the mechanisms underlying the function of MSCs against phosgene-induced ALI are still poorly explored. In this study, we compared the expression profiles of mRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs in the lung tissues from rats of three groups—air control (group A), phosgene-exposed (group B), and phosgene + MSCs (group C). The results showed that 389 mRNAs, 198 lncRNAs, and 56 circRNAs were differently expressed between groups A and B; 130 mRNAs, 107 lncRNAs, and 35 circRNAs between groups A and C; and 41 mRNAs, 88 lncRNAs, and 18 circRNAs between groups B and C. GO and KEGG analyses indicated that the differentially expressed RNAs were mainly involved in signal transduction, immune system processes, and cancers. In addition, we used a database to predict target microRNAs (miRNAs) interacting with circRNAs and the R network software package to construct a circRNA-targeted miRNA gene network map. Our study showed new insights into changes in the RNA expression in ALI, contributing to explore the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic potential of MSCs in phosgene-induced ALI.
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Liu F, Xie J, Zhang X, Wu Z, Zhang S, Xue M, Chen J, Yang Y, Qiu H. Overexpressing TGF-β1 in mesenchymal stem cells attenuates organ dysfunction during CLP-induced septic mice by reducing macrophage-driven inflammation. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:378. [PMID: 32883356 PMCID: PMC7469348 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01894-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sepsis remains a leading cause of death in critically ill patients. It is well known that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising therapy partly due to their paracrine-mediated immunoregulatory function. Previous study demonstrated that transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) is an important cytokine secreted by MSCs and that it participates in MSC-mediated macrophage phenotype switch from pro-inflammatory to pro-resolution. In addition, the transformation of macrophage phenotype may be a potential treatment for sepsis. However, the therapeutic effect of overexpressing TGF-β1 in MSCs (MSC-TGF-β1) on sepsis is not well understood. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of TGF-β1 overexpressing MSCs on organ injury in cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced septic mice and to detect the changes in macrophage phenotype during this process. Methods Mouse MSCs stably transfected with TGF-β1 were constructed and injected into CLP-induced septic mice via tail vein. After 24 h, the mice were sacrificed; then, the histopathology of the organ was evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining. Inflammatory cytokines were detected by ELISA. Macrophage infiltration and phenotype transformation in the tissues were determined by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. In addition, we performed adoptive transfer of mouse peritoneal macrophage pretreated with TGF-β1 overexpressing MSCs in septic mice. Results We found that infusion of TGF-β1 overexpressing MSCs attenuated the histopathological impairment of the organ, decreased the pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and inhibited macrophage infiltration in tissues. TGF-β1 overexpressing MSCs induced macrophage phenotypes changed from pro-inflammatory to pro-resolution in inflammatory environment. The adoptive transfer of mouse peritoneal macrophages pretreated with TGF-β1 overexpressing MSCs also relieved organ damage in CLP-induced septic mice. Conclusion Under septic conditions, TGF-β1 overexpressing MSCs can enhance the therapeutic effects of MSCs on organ injury and inflammation as a result of reduced macrophage infiltration and induced macrophages transformation, the adoptive transfer of macrophages treated with TGF-β1 overexpressing MSCs also relieved organ damage. This will provide new hope for the treatment of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jianfeng Xie
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Xiwen Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Zongsheng Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Shi Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ming Xue
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jianxiao Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Haibo Qiu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
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14
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Byrnes D, Masterson CH, Artigas A, Laffey JG. Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Therapy for Sepsis and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2020; 42:20-39. [PMID: 32767301 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1713422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) constitute devastating conditions with high morbidity and mortality. Sepsis results from abnormal host immune response, with evidence for both pro- and anti-inflammatory activation present from the earliest phases. The "proinflammatory" response predominates initially causing host injury, with later-phase sepsis characterized by immune cell hypofunction and opportunistic superinfection. ARDS is characterized by inflammation and disruption of the alveolar-capillary membrane leading to injury and lung dysfunction. Sepsis is the most common cause of ARDS. Approximately 20% of deaths worldwide in 2017 were due to sepsis, while ARDS occurs in over 10% of all intensive care unit patients and results in a mortality of 30 to 45%. Given the fact that sepsis and ARDS share some-but not all-underlying pathophysiologic injury mechanisms, the lack of specific therapies, and their frequent coexistence in the critically ill, it makes sense to consider therapies for both conditions together. In this article, we will focus on the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs). MSCs are available from several tissues, including bone marrow, umbilical cord, and adipose tissue. Allogeneic administration is feasible, an important advantage for acute conditions like sepsis or ARDS. They possess diverse mechanisms of action of relevance to sepsis and ARDS, including direct and indirect antibacterial actions, potent effects on the innate and adaptive response, and pro-reparative effects. MSCs can be preactivated thereby potentiating their effects, while the use of their extracellular vesicles can avoid whole cell administration. While early-phase clinical trials suggest safety, considerable challenges exist in moving forward to phase III efficacy studies, and to implementation as a therapy should they prove effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Declan Byrnes
- Department of Anaesthesia, School of Medicine, Clinical Sciences Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.,Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Claire H Masterson
- Department of Anaesthesia, School of Medicine, Clinical Sciences Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.,Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Antonio Artigas
- Critical Care Center, Corporació Sanitaria Parc Tauli, CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain
| | - John G Laffey
- Department of Anaesthesia, School of Medicine, Clinical Sciences Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.,Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.,Department of Anaesthesia, SAOLTA University Health Group, Galway University Hospitals, Galway, Ireland
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15
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Alveolar Type II Cells or Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Comparison of Two Different Cell Therapies for the Treatment of Acute Lung Injury in Rats. Cells 2020; 9:cells9081816. [PMID: 32751857 PMCID: PMC7464506 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of cell therapies has recently increased for the treatment of pulmonary diseases. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) and alveolar type II cells (ATII) are the main cell-based therapies used for the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Many pre-clinical studies have shown that both therapies generate positive outcomes; however, the differences in the efficiency of MSCs or ATII for reducing lung damage remains to be studied. We compared the potential of both cell therapies, administering them using the same route and dose and equal time points in a sustained acute lung injury (ALI) model. We found that the MSCs and ATII cells have similar therapeutic effects when we tested them in a hydrochloric acid and lipopolysaccharide (HCl-LPS) two-hit ALI model. Both therapies were able to reduce proinflammatory cytokines, decrease neutrophil infiltration, reduce permeability, and moderate hemorrhage and interstitial edema. Although MSCs and ATII cells have been described as targeting different cellular and molecular mechanisms, our data indicates that both cell therapies are successful for the treatment of ALI, with similar beneficial results. Understanding direct cell crosstalk and the factors released from each cell will open the door to more accurate drugs being able to target specific pathways and offer new curative options for ARDS.
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16
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Eiro N, Cabrera JR, Fraile M, Costa L, Vizoso FJ. The Coronavirus Pandemic (SARS-CoV-2): New Problems Demand New Solutions, the Alternative of Mesenchymal (Stem) Stromal Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:645. [PMID: 32766251 PMCID: PMC7378818 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal (stem) stromal cells (MSC) can be a therapeutic alternative for COVID-19 considering their anti-inflammatory, regenerative, angiogenic, and even antimicrobial capacity. Preliminary data point to therapeutic interest of MSC for patients with COVID-19, and their effect seems based on the MSC's ability to curb the cytokine storm caused by COVID-19. In fact, promising clinical studies using MSC to treat COVID-19, are currently underway. For this reason, now is the time to firmly consider new approaches to MSC research that addresses key issues, like selecting the most optimal type of MSC for each indication, assuming the heterogeneity of the donor-dependent MSC and the biological niche where MSC are located.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Eiro
- Research Unit, Fundación Hospital de Jove, Gijón, Spain
- Foundation for Research With Uterine Stem Cells - FICEMU, Gijón, Spain
| | - Jorge Ruben Cabrera
- Research Unit, Fundación Hospital de Jove, Gijón, Spain
- Foundation for Research With Uterine Stem Cells - FICEMU, Gijón, Spain
| | - Maria Fraile
- Research Unit, Fundación Hospital de Jove, Gijón, Spain
- Foundation for Research With Uterine Stem Cells - FICEMU, Gijón, Spain
| | - Luis Costa
- Research Unit, Fundación Hospital de Jove, Gijón, Spain
- Foundation for Research With Uterine Stem Cells - FICEMU, Gijón, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Vizoso
- Research Unit, Fundación Hospital de Jove, Gijón, Spain
- Foundation for Research With Uterine Stem Cells - FICEMU, Gijón, Spain
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17
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Mançanares ACF, Cabezas J, Manríquez J, de Oliveira VC, Wong Alvaro YS, Rojas D, Navarrete Aguirre F, Rodriguez-Alvarez L, Castro FO. Edition of Prostaglandin E2 Receptors EP2 and EP4 by CRISPR/Cas9 Technology in Equine Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E1078. [PMID: 32585798 PMCID: PMC7341266 DOI: 10.3390/ani10061078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), it has been reported that prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) stimulation of EP2 and EP4 receptors triggers processes such as migration, self-renewal, survival, and proliferation, and their activation is involved in homing. The aim of this work was to establish a genetically modified adipose (aMSC) model in which receptor genes EP2 and EP4 were edited separately using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. After edition, the genes were evaluated as to if the expression of MSC surface markers was affected, as well as the migration capacity in vitro of the generated cells. Adipose MSCs were obtained from Chilean breed horses and cultured in DMEM High Glucose with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS). sgRNA were cloned into a linearized LentiCRISPRv2GFP vector and transfected into HEK293FT cells for producing viral particles that were used to transduce aMSCs. GFP-expressing cells were separated by sorting to obtain individual clones. Genomic DNA was amplified, and the site-directed mutation frequency was assessed by T7E1, followed by Sanger sequencing. We selected 11 clones of EP2 and 10 clones of EP4, and by Sanger sequencing we confirmed 1 clone knock-out to aMSC/EP2 and one heterozygous mutant clone of aMSC/EP4. Both edited cells had decreased expression of EP2 and EP4 receptors when compared to the wild type, and the edition of EP2 and EP4 did not affect the expression of MSC surface markers, showing the same pattern in filling the scratch. We can conclude that the edition of these receptors in aMSCs does not affect their surface marker phenotype and migration ability when compared to wild-type cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Furlanetto Mançanares
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad de Concepción, Campus Chillan, Chillán 3780000, Chile; (J.C.); (J.M.); (Y.S.W.A.); (F.N.A.); (L.R.-A.)
| | - Joel Cabezas
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad de Concepción, Campus Chillan, Chillán 3780000, Chile; (J.C.); (J.M.); (Y.S.W.A.); (F.N.A.); (L.R.-A.)
| | - José Manríquez
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad de Concepción, Campus Chillan, Chillán 3780000, Chile; (J.C.); (J.M.); (Y.S.W.A.); (F.N.A.); (L.R.-A.)
| | - Vanessa Cristina de Oliveira
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo 13630-000, Brazil;
| | - Yat Sen Wong Alvaro
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad de Concepción, Campus Chillan, Chillán 3780000, Chile; (J.C.); (J.M.); (Y.S.W.A.); (F.N.A.); (L.R.-A.)
| | - Daniela Rojas
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Campus Chillan, Chillán 3780000, Chile;
| | - Felipe Navarrete Aguirre
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad de Concepción, Campus Chillan, Chillán 3780000, Chile; (J.C.); (J.M.); (Y.S.W.A.); (F.N.A.); (L.R.-A.)
| | - Lleretny Rodriguez-Alvarez
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad de Concepción, Campus Chillan, Chillán 3780000, Chile; (J.C.); (J.M.); (Y.S.W.A.); (F.N.A.); (L.R.-A.)
| | - Fidel Ovidio Castro
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad de Concepción, Campus Chillan, Chillán 3780000, Chile; (J.C.); (J.M.); (Y.S.W.A.); (F.N.A.); (L.R.-A.)
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18
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Yang X, Ma X, Don O, Song Y, Chen X, Liu J, Qu J, Feng Y. Mesenchymal stem cells combined with liraglutide relieve acute lung injury through apoptotic signaling restrained by PKA/β-catenin. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:182. [PMID: 32429994 PMCID: PMC7238586 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01689-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background ARDS and ALI are life-threatening diseases with extremely high mortality in patients. Different sources of MSCs could mitigate the symptoms of ALI from diverse mechanisms. Liraglutide is an activator of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) that activates anti-apoptotic pathways and exerts anti-inflammatory effects. We mainly compared the effects of human chorionic villus-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hCMSCs), human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs), and human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) on the treatment of ALI and explored the apoptosis mechanism of combination MSCs of liraglutide. Methods The proliferation of MSCs was detected by MTT assay. Western blot and RT-qPCR were used to detect the expression of GLP-1R, SPC, Ang-1, and KGF in MSCs stimulated by LPS and liraglutide. By using flow cytometry and TUNEL assay to compare the apoptosis of three MSCs under the action of LPS and liraglutide, we selected hCMSCs as the target cells to study the expression of apoptotic protein through the PKA/β-catenin pathway. In ALI animal models, we observed the effects of liraglutide alone, MSCs alone, and MSCs combined with liraglutide by H&E staining, cell counting, immunohistochemistry, and ELISA assay. Results We demonstrated that LPS attenuates the proliferation of the three MSCs and the expression of GLP-1R. Liraglutide could reverse the effects of LPS; increase the expression of SPC, Ang-1, and KGF; and can reduce the apoptosis of three MSCs through the PKA/β-catenin pathway. In the LPS-induced ALI model, MSCs combined with liraglutide showed a significant therapeutic effect, and hCMSCs combined with liraglutide have advantages in the treatment of ALI. Conclusions The therapeutic effect of combination MSCs of liraglutide on ALI was higher than that of MSCs alone or liraglutide alone, and liraglutide could alleviate the symptoms of ALI by reducing MSCs apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20025, China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering & Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Xiaoying Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering & Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Ocholi Don
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20025, China
| | - Yuanlin Song
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 20003, China
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20025, China
| | - Jianwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering & Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Jieming Qu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20025, China. .,Institute of Respiratory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20025, China.
| | - Yun Feng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20025, China. .,Institute of Respiratory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20025, China.
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19
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Behnke J, Kremer S, Shahzad T, Chao CM, Böttcher-Friebertshäuser E, Morty RE, Bellusci S, Ehrhardt H. MSC Based Therapies-New Perspectives for the Injured Lung. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9030682. [PMID: 32138309 PMCID: PMC7141210 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9030682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic lung diseases pose a tremendous global burden. At least one in four people suffer from severe pulmonary sequelae over the course of a lifetime. Despite substantial improvements in therapeutic interventions, persistent alleviation of clinical symptoms cannot be offered to most patients affected to date. Despite broad discrepancies in origins and pathomechanisms, the important disease entities all have in common the pulmonary inflammatory response which is central to lung injury and structural abnormalities. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) attract particular attention due to their broadly acting anti-inflammatory and regenerative properties. Plenty of preclinical studies provided congruent and convincing evidence that MSC have the therapeutic potential to alleviate lung injuries across ages. These include the disease entities bronchopulmonary dysplasia, asthma and the different forms of acute lung injury and chronic pulmonary diseases in adulthood. While clinical trials are so far restricted to pioneering trials on safety and feasibility, preclinical results point out possibilities to boost the therapeutic efficacy of MSC application and to take advantage of the MSC secretome. The presented review summarizes the most recent advances and highlights joint mechanisms of MSC action across disease entities which provide the basis to timely tackle this global disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Behnke
- Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Justus-Liebig-University, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Feulgenstrasse 12, 35392 Gießen, Germany; (J.B.); (S.K.); (T.S.); (C.-M.C.)
| | - Sarah Kremer
- Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Justus-Liebig-University, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Feulgenstrasse 12, 35392 Gießen, Germany; (J.B.); (S.K.); (T.S.); (C.-M.C.)
| | - Tayyab Shahzad
- Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Justus-Liebig-University, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Feulgenstrasse 12, 35392 Gießen, Germany; (J.B.); (S.K.); (T.S.); (C.-M.C.)
| | - Cho-Ming Chao
- Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Justus-Liebig-University, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Feulgenstrasse 12, 35392 Gießen, Germany; (J.B.); (S.K.); (T.S.); (C.-M.C.)
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Aulweg 130, 35392 Giessen, Germany;
| | | | - Rory E. Morty
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Ludwigstrasse 43, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany;
| | - Saverio Bellusci
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Aulweg 130, 35392 Giessen, Germany;
| | - Harald Ehrhardt
- Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Justus-Liebig-University, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Feulgenstrasse 12, 35392 Gießen, Germany; (J.B.); (S.K.); (T.S.); (C.-M.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-985-43400; Fax: +49-985-43419
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Han J, Liu Y, Liu H, Li Y. Genetically modified mesenchymal stem cell therapy for acute respiratory distress syndrome. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:386. [PMID: 31843004 PMCID: PMC6915956 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1518-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a devastating hypoxemic respiratory failure, characterized by disruption of the alveolar-capillary membrane barrier. Current management for ARDS remains supportive, including lung-protective ventilation and a conservative fluid strategy. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as a potentially attractive candidate for the management of ARDS through facilitating lung tissue regeneration and repair by releasing paracrine soluble factors. Over the last decade, a variety of strategies have emerged to optimize MSC-based therapy. Among these, the strategy using genetically modified MSCs has received increased attention recently due to its distinct advantage, in conferring incremental migratory capacity and, enhancing the anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, angiogenic, and antifibrotic effects of these cells in numerous preclinical ARDS models, which may in turn provide additional benefits in the management of ARDS. Here, we provide an overview of recent studies testing the efficacy of genetically modified MSCs using preclinical models of ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jibin Han
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 85, Jiefangnan Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Yuxiang Liu
- Shanxi Medical University, No.56, Xinjiannan Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 85, Jiefangnan Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 85, Jiefangnan Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China.
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21
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Strategies to Enhance Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Therapies for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:5432134. [PMID: 31885615 PMCID: PMC6893276 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5432134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a multifaced disease characterized by the acute onset of hypoxemia, worsened pulmonary compliance, and noncardiogenic pulmonary edema. Despite over five decades of research, specific treatments for established ARDS are still lacking. MSC-based therapies have the advantage of targeting nearly all pathophysiological components of ARDS by means of a variety of secreted trophic factors, exerting anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, immunomodulatory, antiapoptotic, and proangiogenic effects, resulting in significant structural and functional recovery following ARDS in various preclinical models. However, the therapeutic efficacy of transplanted MSCs is limited by their poor engraftment and low survival rate in the injured tissues, major barriers to clinical translation. Accordingly, several strategies have been explored to improve MSC retention in the lung and enhance the innate properties of MSCs in preclinical models of ARDS. To provide a comprehensive and updated view, we summarize a large body of experimental evidence for a variety of strategies directed towards strengthening the therapeutic potential of MSCs in ARDS.
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22
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Lats2-Underexpressing Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Ameliorate LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:4851431. [PMID: 31772503 PMCID: PMC6854183 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4851431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology of the acute lung injury (ALI) is characterized by the damage of alveolar epithelial cells, which can be repaired by exogenous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). However, the migration and differentiation abilities of BMSCs are not sufficient for the purpose, and a new approach that could strengthen the repair effects of BMSCs in ALI still needs to be clarified. We have previously proved that in vitro large tumor suppressor kinase 2- (Lats2-) underexpressing BMSCs may enhance their tissue repair effects in ALI; thus, in the present study, we tried to explore whether Lats2-underexpressing BMSCs could rescue lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced ALI in vivo. BMSCs from C57BL/6 mice transfected with Lats2-interfering lentivirus vector or lentivirus blank controls were transplanted intratracheally into LPS-induced ALI mice. The retention and differentiation of BMSCs in the lung were evaluated by in vivo imaging, immunofluorescence staining, and Western blotting. The lung edema and permeability were assessed by lung wet weight/body weight ratio (LWW/BW) and measurements of proteins in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) using ELISA. Acute lung inflammation was measured by the cytokines in the lung homogenate and BALF using RT-qPCR and ELISA, respectively. Lung injury was evaluated by HE staining and lung injury scoring. Pulmonary fibrosis was evaluated by Picrosirius red staining, immunohistochemistry for α-SMA and TGF-β1, and hydroxyproline assay and RT-qPCR for Col1α1 and Col3α1. Lats2-mediated inhibition of the Hippo pathway increased the retention of BMSCs and their differentiation toward type II alveolar epithelial cells in the lung. Furthermore, Lats2-underexpressing BMSCs improved lung edema, permeability of the lung epithelium, and lung inflammation. Finally, Lats2-underexpressing BMSCs alleviated lung injury and early pulmonary fibrosis. Our studies suggest that underexpression of Lats2 could further enhance the repair effects of BMSCs against epithelial impair and the therapeutic potential of BMSCs in ALI mice.
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23
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Majka SM, Rojas M, Petrache I, Foronjy RF. Mesenchymal Regulation of the Microvascular Niche in Chronic Lung Diseases. Compr Physiol 2019; 9:1431-1441. [PMID: 31688970 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c180043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The adult lung is comprised of diverse vascular, epithelial, and mesenchymal progenitor cell populations that reside in distinct niches. Mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs) are intimately associated with both the epithelium and the vasculature, and new evidence is emerging to describe their functional roles in these niches. Also emerging, following lineage analysis and single cell sequencing, is a new understanding of the diversity of mesenchymal cell subpopulations in the lung. However, several gaps in knowledge remain, including how newly defined MPC lineages interact with cells in the vascular niche and the role of adult lung MPCs during lung repair and regeneration following injury, especially in chronic lung diseases. Here we summarize how the current evidence on MPC regulation of the microvasculature during tissue homeostasis and injury may inform studies on understanding their role in chronic lung disease pathogenesis or repair. © 2019 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 9:1431-1441, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M Majka
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Irina Petrache
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Robert F Foronjy
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA
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24
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Masterson CH, Curley GF, Laffey JG. Modulating the distribution and fate of exogenously delivered MSCs to enhance therapeutic potential: knowns and unknowns. Intensive Care Med Exp 2019; 7:41. [PMID: 31346794 PMCID: PMC6658643 DOI: 10.1186/s40635-019-0235-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are undergoing intensive translational research for several debilitating conditions, including critical illnesses such as ARDS and sepsis. MSCs exert diverse biologic effects via their interaction with host tissues, via mechanisms that require the MSC to be in close proximity to the area of injury. Fully harnessing the therapeutic potential of advanced medicinal therapeutic products such as MSCs and their successful translation to clinical use requires a detailed understanding of MSC distribution and persistence in the injured tissues. Key aspects include understanding MSC distribution within the body, the response of the host to MSC administration, and the ultimate fate of exogenously administered MSCs within the host. Factors affecting this interaction include the MSC tissue source, the in vitro MSC culture conditions, the route of MSC administration and the specific issues relating to the target disease state, each of which remains to be fully characterised. Understanding these factors may generate strategies to modify MSC distribution and fate that may enhance their therapeutic effect. This review will examine our understanding of the mechanisms of action of MSCs, the early and late phase distribution kinetics of MSCs following in vivo administration, the ultimate fate of MSCs following administration and the potential importance of these MSC properties to their therapeutic effects. We will critique current cellular imaging and tracking methodologies used to track exogenous MSCs and their suitability for use in patients, discuss the insights they provide into the distribution and fate of MSCs after administration, and suggest strategies by which MSC biodistribution and fate may be modulated for therapeutic effect and clinical use. In conclusion, a better understanding of patterns of biodistribution and of the fate of MSCs will add important additional safety data regarding MSCs, address regulatory requirements, and may uncover strategies to increase the distribution and/or persistence of MSC at the sites of injury, potentially increasing their therapeutic potential for multiple disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire H Masterson
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Gerard F Curley
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Education and Research Centre Smurfit Building, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, 9, Ireland
| | - John G Laffey
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland. .,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland. .,Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Galway University Hospitals, SAOLTA Hospital Group, Galway, Ireland.
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25
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Lanyu Z, Feilong H. Emerging role of extracellular vesicles in lung injury and inflammation. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 113:108748. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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26
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Shao Y, Shen J, Zhou F, He D. Mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing Ang1 attenuates phosgene-induced acute lung injury in rats. Inhal Toxicol 2018; 30:313-320. [PMID: 30395743 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2018.1521483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Phosgene-induced acute lung injury (P-ALI) is characterized by inflammation and effective treatments are lacking. Angiopoietin-1 (Ang1) has the beneficial effects on P-ALI. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the potential for re-epithelization and recovery in lung injury. Thus, we hypothesized that Ang1 expressing MSCs would have beneficial effects on P-ALI. Here, an Ang1 expressing lentiviral vector was constructed and infected into rat bone marrow MSCs. Histological analyses revealed significant pathological improvements especially after treatment with MSCs in the rats exposed to phosgene. Ang1 facilitated the homing of MSCs to injured lung tissue and significantly increased expression of both epithelial cell marker Aquaporin-5 (AQP5) and surfactant protein-C (SPC) in the lung tissues. Moreover, MSCs-Ang1 reduced level of pro-inflammatory cytokines TGF-β1 and IL-1β and increased the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in the serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of P-ALI rats. In conclusion, our results suggest that Ang1 may improve the therapeutic potential of MSCs for P-ALI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiru Shao
- a Department of Intensive Care Unit , Center of Emergency and Intensive Care Unit, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai , China.,b Department of Intensive Care Unit , Medical Research Center of Chemical Injury, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai , China.,c Department of Intensive Care Unit , Medical Center of Radiation Injury, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Jie Shen
- a Department of Intensive Care Unit , Center of Emergency and Intensive Care Unit, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai , China.,b Department of Intensive Care Unit , Medical Research Center of Chemical Injury, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai , China.,c Department of Intensive Care Unit , Medical Center of Radiation Injury, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Fangqing Zhou
- a Department of Intensive Care Unit , Center of Emergency and Intensive Care Unit, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai , China.,b Department of Intensive Care Unit , Medical Research Center of Chemical Injury, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai , China.,c Department of Intensive Care Unit , Medical Center of Radiation Injury, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Daikun He
- a Department of Intensive Care Unit , Center of Emergency and Intensive Care Unit, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai , China.,b Department of Intensive Care Unit , Medical Research Center of Chemical Injury, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai , China.,c Department of Intensive Care Unit , Medical Center of Radiation Injury, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai , China
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27
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Horie S, Gonzalez HE, Laffey JG, Masterson CH. Cell therapy in acute respiratory distress syndrome. J Thorac Dis 2018; 10:5607-5620. [PMID: 30416812 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2018.08.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is driven by a severe pro-inflammatory response resulting in lung damage, impaired gas exchange and severe respiratory failure. There is no specific treatment that effectively improves outcome in ARDS. However, in recent years, cell therapy has shown great promise in preclinical ARDS studies. A wide range of cells have been identified as potential candidates for use, among these are mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), which are adult multi-lineage cells that can modulate the immune response and enhance repair of damaged tissue. The therapeutic potential of MSC therapy for sepsis and ARDS has been demonstrated in multiple in vivo models. The therapeutic effect of these cells seems to be due to two different mechanisms; direct cellular interaction, and paracrine release of different soluble products such as extracellular vesicles (EVs)/exosomes. Different approaches have also been studied to enhance the therapeutic effect of these cells, such as the over-expression of anti-inflammatory or pro-reparative molecules. Several clinical trials (phase I and II) have already shown safety of MSCs in ARDS and other diseases. However, several translational issues still need to be addressed, such as the large-scale production of cells, and their potentiality and variability, before the therapeutic potential of stem cells therapies can be realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahd Horie
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Hector Esteban Gonzalez
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - John G Laffey
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.,Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Galway University Hospitals, SAOLTA Hospital Group, Ireland
| | - Claire H Masterson
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
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28
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Xu XP, Huang LL, Hu SL, Han JB, He HL, Xu JY, Xie JF, Liu AR, Liu SQ, Liu L, Huang YZ, Guo FM, Yang Y, Qiu HB. Genetic Modification of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Overexpressing Angiotensin II Type 2 Receptor Increases Cell Migration to Injured Lung in LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury Mice. Stem Cells Transl Med 2018; 7:721-730. [PMID: 30133167 PMCID: PMC6186265 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.17-0279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation has been shown to promote the lung respiration in acute lung injury (ALI) in vivo, its overall restorative capacity appears to be restricted mainly because of low retention in the injured lung. Angiotensin II (Ang II) are upregulated in the injured lung. Our previous study showed that Ang II increased MSCs migration via Ang II type 2 receptor (AT2R). To determine the effect of AT2R in MSCs on their cell migration after systemic injection in ALI mice, a human AT2R expressing lentiviral vector and a lentivirus vector carrying AT2R shRNA were constructed and introduced into human bone marrow MSCs. A mouse model of lipopolysaccharide‐induced ALI was used to investigate the migration of AT2R‐regulated MSCs and the therapeutic potential in vivo. Overexpression of AT2R dramatically increased Ang II‐enhanced human bone marrow MSC migration in vitro. Moreover, MSC‐AT2R accumulated in the damaged lung tissue at significantly higher levels than control MSCs 24 and 72 hours after systematic MSC transplantation in ALI mice. Furthermore, MSC‐AT2R‐injected ALI mice exhibited a significant reduction of pulmonary vascular permeability and improved the lung histopathology and had additional anti‐inflammatory effects. In contrast, there were less lung retention in MSC‐ShAT2R‐injected ALI mice compared with MSC‐Shcontrol after transplantation. Thus, MSC‐ShAT2R‐injected group exhibited a significant increase of pulmonary vascular permeability and resulted in a deteriorative lung inflammation. Our results demonstrate that overexpression of AT2R enhance the migration of MSCs in ALI mice and may provide a new therapeutic strategy for ALI. Stem Cells Translational Medicine2018;7:721–730
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Ping Xu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Li Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Ling Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Bin Han
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Li He
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Yuan Xu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Feng Xie
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ai-Ran Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Song-Qiao Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Zi Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng-Mei Guo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Bo Qiu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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29
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Ranganath SH. Bioengineered cellular and cell membrane-derived vehicles for actively targeted drug delivery: So near and yet so far. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 132:57-80. [PMID: 29935987 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cellular carriers for drug delivery are attractive alternatives to synthetic nanoparticles owing to their innate homing/targeting abilities. Here, we review molecular interactions involved in the homing of Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and other cell types to understand the process of designing and engineering highly efficient, actively targeting cellular vehicles. In addition, we comprehensively discuss various genetic and non-genetic strategies and propose futuristic approaches of engineering MSC homing using micro/nanotechnology and high throughput small molecule screening. Most of the targeting abilities of a cell come from its plasma membrane, thus, efforts to harness cell membranes as drug delivery vehicles are gaining importance and are highlighted here. We also recognize and report the lack of detailed characterization of cell membranes in terms of safety, structural integrity, targeting functionality, and drug transport. Finally, we provide insights on future development of bioengineered cellular and cell membrane-derived vesicles for successful clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir H Ranganath
- Bio-INvENT Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, B.H. Road, Tumakuru, 572103, Karnataka, India.
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30
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PGE2 Promotes the Migration of Mesenchymal Stem Cells through the Activation of FAK and ERK1/2 Pathway. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:8178643. [PMID: 28740516 PMCID: PMC5504996 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8178643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A critical step of MSCs therapy is dependent on its ability to migrate into the sites of injury, so various approaches have been introduced to boost the migratory ability of MSCs. PGE2 is the major prostaglandin generated by COX enzymes and has been implicated in inflammatory response. Evidence indicates that PGE2 can facilitate MSCs migration. Further exploration of the underlying molecular mechanism participating in the promigratory ability of PGE2 may provide a novel strategy to improve MSC transplantation efficacy. In this study, our findings suggested that EP2 prostanoid receptor promotes MSCs migration through activation of FAK and ERK1/2 pathways. Furthermore, MSCs migration induced by PGE2 was blunted by FAK or ERK1/2 inhibitors. EP2-mediated MSCs migration depends on the activation of FAK and ERK1/2. However, the current study did not investigate the migration of MSCs over a blood vessel endothelial barrier. In conclusion, our findings reveal EP2-mediated FAK and ERK1/2 activation was essential for MSCs migration induced by PGE2, indicating that activation of EP2 receptor and FAK/ERK pathways may be a promising strategy to accelerate homing efficiency of MSCs, which in turn enhances therapeutic potential of MSCs transplantation.
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31
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Li X, Yue S, Luo Z. Mesenchymal stem cells in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:102600-102616. [PMID: 29254275 PMCID: PMC5731985 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a major cause of respiratory failure in critically ill patients and common outcome of various lung interstitial diseases. Its mortality remains high, and no effective pharmacotherapy, in addition to artificial ventilation and transplantation, exists. As such, the administration of mesenchymal stem or stromal cells (MSCs) is currently investigated as a new therapeutic method for pulmonary fibrosis. Clinical trials on MSC-based therapy as a potential treatment for lung injury and fibrosis are also performed. MSCs can migrate to injured sites and secrete multiple paracrine factors and then regulate endothelial and epithelial permeability, decrease inflammation, enhance tissue repair, and inhibit bacterial growth. In this review, recent studies on stem cells, particularly MSCs, involved in alleviating lung inflammation and fibrosis and their potential MSC-induced mechanisms, including migration and differentiation, soluble factor and extracellular vesicle secretion, and endogenous regulatory functions, were summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Li
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shaojie Yue
- Department of Neonatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ziqiang Luo
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
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