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Lugo CI, Liu LP, Bala N, Morales AG, Gholam MF, Abchee JC, Elmoujahid N, Elshikha AS, Avdiaj R, Searcy LA, Denslow ND, Song S, Alli AA. Human Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Attenuates ENaC and MARCKS and Lowers Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Diabetic db/db Mice. Biomolecules 2022; 13:66. [PMID: 36671451 PMCID: PMC9856210 DOI: 10.3390/biom13010066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension may develop before or after the onset of diabetes and it is known to increase the risk of developing diabetic nephropathy. Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) is a multi-functional protein with beneficial effects in various diseases but its role in reducing blood pressure in the diabetic kidney has not been thoroughly studied. Like blood pressure, epithelial sodium channels (ENaC) and its adaptor protein myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) are regulated by circadian rhythms. Our hypothesis is that administration of human AAT (hAAT) reduces blood pressure in hypertensive diabetic mice by attenuating membrane expression of ENaC and its association with the actin cytoskeleton. First, we show hAAT administration results in reduced blood pressure in diabetic db/db mice compared to vehicle treatment in both the inactive and active cycles. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry analyses showed a reduction of ENaC and the actin cytoskeleton protein, MARCKS in the kidneys of diabetic db/db mice treated with hAAT compared to vehicle. hAAT treatment resulted in elevated amounts of extracellular vesicles present in the urine of diabetic db/db mice compared to vehicle treatment both in the inactive and active cycles. Multiple hexosylceramides, among other lipid classes increased in urinary EVs released from hAAT treated hypertensive diabetic mice compared to vehicle treated mice. Taken together, these data suggest hAAT treatment could normalize blood pressure in the diabetic kidney in a mechanism involving attenuation of renal ENaC and MARCKS protein expression and possibly ceramide metabolism to hexosylceramide in kidney cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos I. Lugo
- Department of Physiology and Aging, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Lauren P. Liu
- Department of Physiology and Aging, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Niharika Bala
- Department of Physiology and Aging, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Angelica G. Morales
- Department of Physiology and Aging, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Mohammed F. Gholam
- Department of Physiology and Aging, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia
| | - Julia C. Abchee
- Department of Physiology and Aging, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Nasseem Elmoujahid
- Department of Physiology and Aging, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Ahmed Samir Elshikha
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida College of Pharmacy, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Rigena Avdiaj
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida College of Pharmacy, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Louis A. Searcy
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Nancy D. Denslow
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Sihong Song
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida College of Pharmacy, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Abdel A. Alli
- Department of Physiology and Aging, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
- Department of Medicine Division of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Renal Transplantation, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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Nardo D, Pitts MG, Kaur R, Venditto VJ. In vivo assessment of triazine lipid nanoparticles as transfection agents for plasmid DNA. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:6968-6979. [PMID: 36222485 PMCID: PMC9729407 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01289h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Non-viral vectors for in vivo delivery of plasmid DNA rely on optimized formulations to achieve robust transgene expression. Several cationic lipids have been developed to deliver nucleic acids, but most recent literature has focused on mRNA due to its increased expression profile and excluded plasmid DNA, which may have the advantage of being less immunogenic. In this study, we describe the in vivo evaluation of cationic triazine based lipids, previously prepared by our group. We identify one lipid with limited in vivo toxicity for studies to optimize the lipid formulations, which include an evaluation of the influence of PEG and helper lipids on transgene expression. We then demonstrate that lipoplexes, but not lipid nanoparticles, formed from triazine lipids achieve similar transgene expression levels as AAV vectors and offer enhanced expression as compared to a commercially available cationic lipid, DOTAP. Importantly, the lipid nanoparticles and lipoplexes induce minimal antibody profiles toward the expressed protein, while serving as a platform to induce robust antibody responses when directly delivering the protein. Collectively, these data demonstrate the potential for triazine based lipids as non-viral vectors for gene delivery, and highlights the need to optimize each formulation based on the exact contents to achieve enhanced transgene expression with plasmid DNA constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Nardo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
| | - Michelle G Pitts
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
| | - Rupinder Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
| | - Vincent J Venditto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
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Human Alpha 1 Antitrypsin Suppresses NF-κB Activity and Extends Lifespan in Adult Drosophila. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12101347. [PMID: 36291555 PMCID: PMC9599126 DOI: 10.3390/biom12101347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Human alpha 1 antitrypsin (hAAT) is a multifunctional protein that has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and cellular protective properties. While previous studies demonstrated the antiaging potential of hAAT, the mechanism(s) underlying the antiaging effect remain elusive. In this study, we performed a detailed analysis of transcriptomic data that indicated that NF-κB-targeted genes and NF-κB-regulated pathways were selectively inhibited by hAAT treatment. We further showed that the first detectable impact of hAAT treatment was the inhibition of the nuclear activity of NF-κB. Subsequently, hAAT treatment suppressed the mRNA levels of NF-κB-targeted genes, as well as NF-κB itself (P65 and P50), in human senescent cells. Using Drosophila models, we further examined the impact of hAAT on locomotor activity and endurance. Finally, using an adult-specific promotor, we demonstrated that overexpression of hAAT in the late stage of life significantly extended the lifespan of transgenic flies. These results extend the current understanding of the anti-inflammatory function of hAAT.
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Identification of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Related Biomarkers of Periodontitis Based on Machine Learning: A Bioinformatics Analysis. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:8611755. [PMID: 36072904 PMCID: PMC9444421 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8611755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective To screen for potential endoplasmic reticulum stress- (ERS-) related biomarkers of periodontitis using machine learning methods and explore their relationship with immune cells. Methods Three datasets of periodontitis (GSE10334, GES16134, and GES23586) were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and the samples were randomly assigned to the training set or the validation set. ERS-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between periodontitis and healthy periodontal tissues were screened and analyzed for GO, KEGG, and DO enrichment. Key DEGs were screened by two machine learning algorithms, LASSO regression and support vector machine-recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE); then, the potential biomarkers were identified through validation. The infiltration of immune cells of periodontitis was calculated using the CIBERSORT algorithm, and the correlation between immune cells and potential biomarkers was specifically analyzed through the Spearman method. Results We obtained 36 ERS-related DEGs of periodontitis from the training set, from which 11 key DEGs were screened by further machine learning. SERPINA1, ERLEC1, and VWF showed high diagnostic values (AUC > 0.85), so they were considered as potential biomarkers for periodontitis. According to the results of the immune cell infiltration analysis, these three potential biomarkers showed marked correlations with plasma cells, neutrophils, resting dendritic cells, resting mast cells, and follicular helper T cells. Conclusions Three ERS-related genes, SERPINA1, ERLEC1, and VWF, showed valuable biomarker potential for periodontitis, which provide a target base for future studies on early diagnosis and treatment of periodontitis.
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Zhong H, Zhou Z, Guo L, Liu FS, Wang X, Li J, Lv GH, Zou MX. SERPINA1 is a hub gene associated with intervertebral disc degeneration grade and affects the nucleus pulposus cell phenotype through the ADIRF-AS1/miR-214-3p axis. Transl Res 2022; 245:99-116. [PMID: 35196590 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2022.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and miRNAs have been reported to participate in intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) progression. However, the key lncRNA-miRNA axis and its corresponding affected hub genes in IDD remain unknown. In this study, weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was first used to determine the key gene cluster and hub genes implicated in IDD progression. The expression levels of ADIRF-AS1, miR-214-3p, and SERPINA1 in nucleus pulposus (NP) tissues were detected. The ADIRF-AS1/miR-214-3p/SERPINA1 axis was identified, and its effects on the proliferation, senescence, and apoptosis of NP cells were investigated in vitro and in vivo. SERPINA1 overexpression in NP cells promoted cell viability and inhibited cell apoptosis and senescence. Moreover, SERPINA1 regulated the IDD grade in rat models. The lncRNA ADIRF-AS1 was downregulated in high-grade degeneration NP tissues and positively correlated with SERPINA1. ADIRF-AS1 overexpression attenuated cellular degenerative changes in NP cells. miR-214-3p directly bound to SERPINA1 and ADIRF-AS1 and negatively regulated ADIRF-AS1 expression. miR-214-3p inhibition exerted similar effects on cellular degenerative changes in NP cells to SERPINA1 or ADIRF-AS1 overexpression. Furthermore, miR-214-3p overexpression partially reversed the effects of ADIRF-AS1 overexpression. Collectively, these data suggest that ADIRF-AS1 overexpression could mitigate IDD by binding to miR-214-3p to upregulate SERPINA1. Additional studies (especially those using an axial loading-induced IDD animal model) will be needed to further validate the role of the ADIRF-AS1/miR-214-3p/SERPINA1 signaling axis in IDD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhong
- Department of Spine Surgery, Yiyang Central Hospital, Yiyang, China
| | - Zhihong Zhou
- Department of Spine Surgery, Yiyang Central Hospital, Yiyang, China
| | - Lebin Guo
- Department of Spine Surgery, Yiyang Central Hospital, Yiyang, China
| | - Fu-Sheng Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guo-Hua Lv
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ming-Xiang Zou
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Spine Surgery, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China.
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RNA interference-based osteoanabolic therapy for osteoporosis by a bone-formation surface targeting delivery system. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 601:86-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.02.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Li X, Wang Y, Gao M, Bao B, Cao Y, Cheng F, Zhang L, Li Z, Shan J, Yao W. Metabolomics-driven of relationships among kidney, bone marrow and bone of rats with postmenopausal osteoporosis. Bone 2022; 156:116306. [PMID: 34963648 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
As a global public health problem, postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) poses a great threat to old women's health. Bone is the target organ of PMOP, and the dynamic changes of bone marrow could affect the bone status. Kidney is the main organ regulating calcium and phosphorus homeostasis. Kidney, bone marrow and bone play crucial roles in PMOP, but the relationships of the three tissues in the disease have not been completely described. Here, metabolomics was employed to investigate the disease mechanism of PMOP from the perspectives of kidney, bone marrow and bone, and the relationships among the three tissues were also discussed. Six-month-old female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into ovariectomized (OVX) group (with bilateral ovariectomy) and sham group (with sham surgery). 13 weeks after surgery, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was performed to analyze the metabolic profiling of two groups. Multivariate statistical analysis revealed that the number of differential metabolites in kidney, bone marrow and bone between the two groups were 37, 16 and 17, respectively. The common differential metabolites of the three tissues were N-methyl-L-alanine. Kidney and bone marrow had common differential metabolites, including N-methyl-L-alanine, 2-hydroxybutyric acid, (R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyric acid, βHBA), urea and dodecanoic acid. There were three common differential metabolites between kidney and bone, including N-methyl-L-alanine, α-tocopherol and isofucostanol. The common differential metabolite of bone marrow and bone was N-methyl-L-alanine. Some common metabolic pathways were disturbed in multiple tissues of OVX rats, such as glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, purine metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis and fatty acid biosynthesis. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that profound metabolic changes have taken place in the kidney, bone marrow and bone, involving common differential metabolites and metabolic pathways. The evaluation of differential metabolites strengthened the understanding of the kidney-bone axis and the metabolic relationships among the three tissues of OVX rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Mengting Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Beihua Bao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Yudan Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Fangfang Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Zhipeng Li
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210009, PR China.
| | - Jinjun Shan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Weifeng Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Liu LP, Gholam MF, Elshikha AS, Kawakibi T, Elmoujahid N, Moussa HH, Song S, Alli AA. Transgenic Mice Overexpressing Human Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Exhibit Low Blood Pressure and Altered Epithelial Transport Mechanisms in the Inactive and Active Cycles. Front Physiol 2021; 12:710313. [PMID: 34630137 PMCID: PMC8493122 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.710313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human alpha-1 antitrypsin (hAAT) is a versatile protease inhibitor, but little is known about its targets in the aldosterone-sensitive distal nephron and its role in electrolyte balance and blood pressure control. We analyzed urinary electrolytes, osmolality, and blood pressure from hAAT transgenic (hAAT-Tg) mice and C57B/6 wild-type control mice maintained on either a normal salt or high salt diet. Urinary sodium, potassium, and chloride concentrations as well as urinary osmolality were lower in hAAT-Tg mice maintained on a high salt diet during both the active and inactive cycles. hAAT-Tg mice showed a lower systolic blood pressure compared to C57B6 mice when maintained on a normal salt diet but this was not observed when they were maintained on a high salt diet. Cathepsin B protein activity was less in hAAT-Tg mice compared to wild-type controls. Protein expression of the alpha subunit of the sodium epithelial channel (ENaC) alpha was also reduced in the hAAT-Tg mice. Natriuretic peptide receptor C (NPRC) protein expression in membrane fractions of the kidney cortex was reduced while circulating levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) were greater in hAAT-Tg mice compared to wild-type controls. This study characterizes the electrolyte and blood pressure phenotype of hAAT-Tg mice during the inactive and active cycles and investigates the mechanism by which ENaC activation is inhibited in part by a mechanism involving decreased cathepsin B activity and increased ANP levels in the systemic circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren P Liu
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Mohammed F Gholam
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Ahmed Samir Elshikha
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Tamim Kawakibi
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Nasseem Elmoujahid
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Hassan H Moussa
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Sihong Song
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Abdel A Alli
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States.,Division of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Renal Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States
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Yaron JR, Zhang L, Guo Q, Haydel SE, Lucas AR. Fibrinolytic Serine Proteases, Therapeutic Serpins and Inflammation: Fire Dancers and Firestorms. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:648947. [PMID: 33869309 PMCID: PMC8044766 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.648947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The making and breaking of clots orchestrated by the thrombotic and thrombolytic serine protease cascades are critical determinants of morbidity and mortality during infection and with vascular or tissue injury. Both the clot forming (thrombotic) and the clot dissolving (thrombolytic or fibrinolytic) cascades are composed of a highly sensitive and complex relationship of sequentially activated serine proteases and their regulatory inhibitors in the circulating blood. The proteases and inhibitors interact continuously throughout all branches of the cardiovascular system in the human body, representing one of the most abundant groups of proteins in the blood. There is an intricate interaction of the coagulation cascades with endothelial cell surface receptors lining the vascular tree, circulating immune cells, platelets and connective tissue encasing the arterial layers. Beyond their role in control of bleeding and clotting, the thrombotic and thrombolytic cascades initiate immune cell responses, representing a front line, "off-the-shelf" system for inducing inflammatory responses. These hemostatic pathways are one of the first response systems after injury with the fibrinolytic cascade being one of the earliest to evolve in primordial immune responses. An equally important contributor and parallel ancient component of these thrombotic and thrombolytic serine protease cascades are the serine protease inhibitors, termed serpins. Serpins are metastable suicide inhibitors with ubiquitous roles in coagulation and fibrinolysis as well as multiple central regulatory pathways throughout the body. Serpins are now known to also modulate the immune response, either via control of thrombotic and thrombolytic cascades or via direct effects on cellular phenotypes, among many other functions. Here we review the co-evolution of the thrombolytic cascade and the immune response in disease and in treatment. We will focus on the relevance of these recent advances in the context of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 is a "respiratory" coronavirus that causes extensive cardiovascular pathogenesis, with microthrombi throughout the vascular tree, resulting in severe and potentially fatal coagulopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan R. Yaron
- Center for Personalized Diagnostics and Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines and Virotherapy, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Liqiang Zhang
- Center for Personalized Diagnostics and Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines and Virotherapy, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Qiuyun Guo
- Center for Personalized Diagnostics and Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines and Virotherapy, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Shelley E. Haydel
- Center for Bioelectronics and Biosensors, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Alexandra R. Lucas
- Center for Personalized Diagnostics and Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines and Virotherapy, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
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Luo Y, Ma Y, Qiao X, Zeng R, Cheng R, Nie Y, Li S, A R, Shen X, Yang M, Xu CC, Xu L. Irisin ameliorates bone loss in ovariectomized mice. Climacteric 2020; 23:496-504. [PMID: 32319323 DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2020.1745768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Luo
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Laboratory, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- The Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Sichuan University–The Chinese University of Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Y. Ma
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Laboratory, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- The Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Sichuan University–The Chinese University of Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - X. Qiao
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Laboratory, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- The Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Sichuan University–The Chinese University of Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - R. Zeng
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Laboratory, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- The Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Sichuan University–The Chinese University of Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - R. Cheng
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Laboratory, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- The Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Sichuan University–The Chinese University of Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Y. Nie
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Laboratory, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- The Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Sichuan University–The Chinese University of Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - S. Li
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Laboratory, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- The Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Sichuan University–The Chinese University of Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - R. A
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Laboratory, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- The Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Sichuan University–The Chinese University of Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - X. Shen
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Laboratory, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- The Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Sichuan University–The Chinese University of Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - M. Yang
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Laboratory, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- The Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Sichuan University–The Chinese University of Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - C. C. Xu
- College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - L. Xu
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Laboratory, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- The Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Sichuan University–The Chinese University of Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
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11
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Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Ameliorates Pristane Induced Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage in Mice. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8091341. [PMID: 31470606 PMCID: PMC6780888 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8091341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) is a fatal complication in patients with lupus. DAH can be induced in B6 mice by an intraperitoneal injection of pristane. Since human alpha-1-antitrypsin (hAAT) is an anti-inflammatory and immuno-regulatory protein, we investigated the protective effect of hAAT against pristane-induced DAH in B6 mice and hAAT transgenic (hAAT-Tg) mice. We first showed that hAAT Tg expression lowers TNF-α production in B cells, as well as CD4+ T cells in untreated mice. Conversely, the frequency of regulatory CD4+CD25+ and CD4+CD25-IL-10+ cells was significantly higher in hAAT-Tg than in B6 mice. This confirmed the anti-inflammatory effect of hAAT that was observed even at steady state. One week after a pristane injection, the frequency of peritoneal Ly6Chi inflammatory monocytes and neutrophils in hAAT-Tg mice was significantly lower than that in B6 mice. Importantly, pristane-induced DAH was completely prevented in hAAT-Tg mice and this was associated with a modulation of anti- to pro-inflammatory myeloid cell ratio/balance. We also showed that treatment with hAAT decreased the severity of DAH in B6 mice. These results showed for the first time that hAAT has a therapeutic potential for the treatment of DAH.
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12
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Ma H, Lu Y, Lowe K, van der Meijden-Erkelens L, Wasserfall C, Atkinson MA, Song S. Regulated hAAT Expression from a Novel rAAV Vector and Its Application in the Prevention of Type 1 Diabetes. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8091321. [PMID: 31466263 PMCID: PMC6780368 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8091321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We, and others, have previously achieved high and sustained levels of transgene expression from viral vectors, such as recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV). However, regulatable transgene expression may be preferred in gene therapy for diseases, such as type 1 diabetes (T1D) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), in which the timing and dosing of the therapeutic gene product play critical roles. In the present study, we generated a positive feedback regulation system for human alpha 1 antitrypsin (hAAT) expression in the rAAV vector. We performed quantitative kinetics studies in vitro and in vivo demonstrating that this vector system can mediate high levels of inducible transgene expression. Transgene induction could be tailored to occur rapidly or gradually, depending on the dose of the inducing drug, doxycycline (Dox). Conversely, after withdrawal of Dox, the silencing of transgene expression occurred slowly over the course of several weeks. Importantly, rAAV delivery of inducible hAAT significantly prevented T1D development in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. These results indicate that this Dox-inducible vector system may facilitate the fine-tuning of transgene expression, particularly for hAAT treatment of human autoimmune diseases, including T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Yuanqing Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Keith Lowe
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | | | - Clive Wasserfall
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Diabetes Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Mark A Atkinson
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Diabetes Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Sihong Song
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
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13
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Fu G, Li S, Ouyang N, Wu J, Li C, Liu W, Qiu J, Peng P, Qin L, Ding Y. Antiresorptive Agents are More Effective in Preventing Titanium Particle-Induced Calvarial Osteolysis in Ovariectomized Mice Than Anabolic Agents in Short-Term Administration. Artif Organs 2019; 42:E259-E271. [PMID: 30328628 PMCID: PMC6585759 DOI: 10.1111/aor.13271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Aseptic loosening due to wear particle‐induced osteolysis is the main cause of arthroplasty failure and the influence of postmenopausal osteoporosis and anti‐osteoporosis treatment on Titanium (Ti) particle‐induced osteolysis remains unclear. 66 C57BL/6J female mice were used in this study. Ovariectomy (OVX) was performed to induce osteopenia mice and confirmed by micro‐CT. The Ti particle‐induced mouse calvaria osteolysis model was established subsequently and both OVX and Sham‐OVX mice were divided into four groups, respectively: Ti (‐) group, Ti group, Ti + zoledronic acid (ZOL) group (50ug/kg, local administration, single dose) and Ti + teriparatide (TPTD) group (40ug/kg/d, subcutaneous injection*14d). Mice calvarias were collected for micro‐CT and histomorphometric analysis 2 weeks after particle induction. 8 weeks after bilateral OVX, significantly reduced BMD and microstructure parameters in both proximal tibia and calvaria were observed in OVX mice when comparing with Sham‐OVX mice. OVX mice in Ti group had not only markly decreased BMD and BV/TV, but also significantly increased total porosity, eroded surface area and osteoclast numbers when comparing with Sham‐OVX mice. Shown by Two‐way ANOVA analysis, the interaction terms between OVX and Ti implantation on micro‐CT and histomorphometry parameters didn’t reach significant difference. As illustrated by micro‐CT and histological analysis, ZOL treatment markedly inhibited Ti particle‐induced osteolysis in OVX mice and Sham‐OVX mice, and there were significant differences when comparing to both Ti and Ti+TPTD group. The combination of osteoporosis and Ti particle implantation result in aggravated bone resorption, accompanied with increased osteoclasts and excessive inflammation response. ZOL was more effective in preventing Ti particle‐induced osteolysis in both OVX mice and Sham‐OVX mice than TPTD in short‐term administration. ZOL exert the protective effects on Ti particle‐induced bone loss via the suppression of osteoclasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangtao Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shixun Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Nengtai Ouyang
- Cellular & Molecular Diagnostics Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Junyan Wu
- Department of Pharmaceuticals, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Changchuan Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Junxiong Qiu
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Qin
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Yue Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
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14
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Elshikha AS, Yuan Y, Lu Y, Chen MJ, Abboud G, Akbar MA, Plate H, Wolney H, Hoffmann T, Tagari E, Zeumer L, Morel L, Song S. Alpha 1 Antitrypsin Gene Therapy Extends the Lifespan of Lupus-Prone Mice. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2018; 11:131-142. [PMID: 30547047 PMCID: PMC6258868 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a heterogeneous autoimmune disease characterized by high levels of pathogenic autoantibodies and tissue damage. Multiple studies showed that dendritic cell (DC) activation plays a critical role in SLE pathogenesis. Human alpha 1 antitrypsin (hAAT) is a serine proteinase inhibitor with potent anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective properties. In this study, we first examined the effects of hAAT on the functions of DCs from lupus-prone mice, and we showed that hAAT treatment efficiently inhibited CpG- (TLR9 agonist) induced activation of bone marrow-derived conventional and plasmacytoid DCs as well as the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The hAAT treatment also attenuated DC help for B cell proliferation and immunoglobulin M (IgM) production. We next tested the protective effect of hAAT protein and gene therapy using recombinant adeno-associated virus 8 (rAAV8-CB-hAAT) in a spontaneous lupus mouse model, and we showed that both treatments decreased autoantibody levels. Importantly, rAAV8-CB-hAAT did not induce an immune response to its transgene product (hAAT), but it showed more pronounced therapeutic effects in reducing urine protein levels and extending the lifespan of these mice. These results indicate that AAT has therapeutic potential in the treatment of SLE in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Samir Elshikha
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Ye Yuan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Yuanqing Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Mong-Jen Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Georges Abboud
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Mohammad Ahsanul Akbar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Henrike Plate
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Hedwig Wolney
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Tanja Hoffmann
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Eleni Tagari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Leilani Zeumer
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Laurence Morel
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Sihong Song
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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15
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Song S. Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Therapy for Autoimmune Disorders. CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASES-JOURNAL OF THE COPD FOUNDATION 2018; 5:289-301. [PMID: 30723786 DOI: 10.15326/jcopdf.5.4.2018.0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are conditions caused by an over reactive immune system that attacks self-tissues and organs. Although the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease is complex and multi-factorial, inflammation is commonly involved. Therefore, anti-inflammatory therapies hold potential for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. However, long-term control of inflammation is challenging and most of the currently used drugs have side effects. Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) is an anti-inflammatory protein with a well-known safety profile. The therapeutic potential of AAT has been tested in several autoimmune disease models. The first study using a recombinant adeno-associated viral (rAAV) vector showed that AAT gene transfer prevented the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse model. Subsequent studies showed that treatment with AAT protein prevented and reversed type 1 diabetes. The beneficial effects of AAT treatment have also been observed in other autoimmune disease models such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. This paper reviews the therapeutic application of AAT and discusses possible mechanisms of action in various autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihong Song
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville
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16
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Gene Delivery of Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Using Recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus (rAAV). Methods Mol Biol 2018. [PMID: 30194601 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8645-3_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
The challenge for alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT also known as SERPINA1) gene therapy is to achieve long term and high levels of AAT production. Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vector has several advantages for AAT gene delivery including no viral genes in the vector, no requirement of integration for long-term transgene expression, low immunogenicity, and wide tropism. AAV-mediated AAT gene therapy has been developed and tested in animal models for AAT deficiency, type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoporosis. AAV-mediated AAT gene therapy has also been tested in clinical studies and has shown promising results. Here we describe the methods of rAAV-AAT vector construction and production as well as AAT gene delivery through (1) liver-directed, (2) muscle-directed, and (3) mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-mediated routes. We will also describe methods for the evaluation of AAT expression for each delivery approach.
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17
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Yang K, Miron RJ, Bian Z, Zhang YF. A bone-targeting drug-delivery system based on Semaphorin 3A gene therapy ameliorates bone loss in osteoporotic ovariectomized mice. Bone 2018; 114:40-49. [PMID: 29883786 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a serious health problem worldwide. Semaphorins (Sema) have been described as key molecules involved in the cross-talk between bone cells (osteoblasts/osteoclasts). In this study, we investigated whether plasmid containing Sema3a could ameliorate bone loss in an ovariectomized (OVX) mouse model via (AspSerSer)6, a selectively bone-targeting moiety. Plasmid pcDNA3.1(+)-Sema3a-GFP was fabricated and transfected cells with the plasmid demonstrated statistically higher levels of Sema3A in vitro (p < 0.001). Mice were ovariectomized and injected twice weekly with (AspSerSer)6-(STR-R8)+pcDNA3.1(+)-Sema3a-GFP for four weeks. The aim of the study was twofold: firstly to design an effective bone-targeting drug-delivery system (AspSerSer)6. Secondly, the effects of Sem3A gene therapy on bone loss was investigated. Here, the targeting selectivity of pcDNA3.1(+)-Sema3a-GFP via (AspSerSer)6 to the trabecular bone surface was firstly verified by histological observation of frozen sections and immunofluorescence staining. Then, bone microstructure analysis by Micro-CT indicated significantly less bone loss in mice treated with (AspSerSer)6-(STR-R8)+pcDNA3.1(+)-Sema3a-GFP compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Furthermore,H&E staining and Safranin O staining of the decalcified sections demonstrated statistically significantly higher bone area/total area in the mice that were injected with (AspSerSer)6-(STR-R8)+pcDNA3.1(+)-Sema3a-GFP (p < 0.001, p < 0.01,respectively). TRAP staining and immunohistochemistry staining of COL I demonstrated lower numbers of osteoclasts and significantly increased numbers of osteoblasts in the bone-targeting moiety delivering pcDNA3.1(+)-Sema3a-GFP group, when compared to the control group (p < 0.01, p < 0.001,respectively). Together, our findings have identified that, (AspSerSer)6, a bone-targeting drug-delivery system based on semaphorin3A gene therapy, ameliorated bone loss in osteoporotic ovariectomized mice, by suppressing osteoclastic bone resorption and simultaneously increasing osteoblastic bone formation. Gene therapy by local site-specific Sema3A overexpression might be a potential new strategy for treating osteoporosis and bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - R J Miron
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Periodontology, Cell Therapy Institute, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA
| | - Z Bian
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Y F Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Dental Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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18
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Lei T, Liang Z, Li F, Tang C, Xie K, Wang P, Dong X, Shan S, Jiang M, Xu Q, Luo E, Shen G. Pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) attenuate changes in vertebral bone mass, architecture and strength in ovariectomized mice. Bone 2018; 108:10-19. [PMID: 29229438 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) has been investigated as a noninvasive alternative method to prevent bone loss for postmenopausal osteoporosis (OP), and the bone tissue involved in these studies are usually long bones such as femur and tibia in OP patients or rat models. However, few studies have investigated the effects of PEMF on the vertebral bone in mice with OP. This study aimed to investigate whether PEMF preserve lumbar vertebral bone mass, microarchitecture and strength in ovariectomized (OVX) mouse model of OP and its associated mechanisms. Thirty 3-month-old female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into three groups (n=10): sham-operated control (Sham), ovariectomy (OVX), and ovariectomy with PEMF treatment (OVX+PEMF). The OVX+PEMF group was exposed to 15Hz, 1.6 mT PEMF for 8h/day, 7days/week. After 8weeks, the mice were sacrificed. The OVX+PEMF group showed lower body weight gain of mice induced by estrogen deficiency compared with OVX group. Biochemical analysis of serum demonstrated that serum bone formation markers including bone specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP), serum osteocalcin (OCN), osteoprotegerin (OPG) and N-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (P1NP) were markedly higher in OVX+PEMF group compared with OVX group. Besides, serum bone resorption markers including tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRAP-5b) and C-terminal crosslinked telopeptides of type I collagen (CTX-I) were markedly lower in OVX+PEMF group compared with OVX group. Biomechanical test observed that OVX+PEMF group showed higher compressive maximum load and stiffness of the lumbar vertebrae compared with OVX group. Micro-computed tomography (μCT) and histological analysis of lumbar vertebrae revealed that PEMF partially prevented OVX-induced decrease of trabecular bone mass and deterioration of trabecular bone microarchitecture in lumbar vertebrae. Real-time PCR showed that the canonical Wnt signaling pathway of the lumbar vertebrae, including Wnt3a, LRP5 and β-catenin were markedly up-regulated in OVX+PEMF group compared with OVX group. Moreover, the mRNA expressions of RANKL and OPG were markedly up-regulated in OVX+PEMF group compared with OVX group, whereas no statistical difference in RANKL/OPG mRNA ratio was found between OVX+PEMF group and OVX group. Besides, our study also found that the RANK mRNA expression was down-regulated in OVX+PEMF group compared with OVX group. Taken together, we reported that long-term stimulation with PEMF treatment was able to alleviate lumbar vertebral OP in postmenopausal mice through a combination of increased bone formation and suppressed bone resorption related to regulating the skeletal gene expressions of Wnt3a/LRP5/β-catenin and OPG/RANKL/RANK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Lei
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 West Changle Road, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhuowen Liang
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Feijiang Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 West Changle Road, Xi'an, China
| | - Chi Tang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 West Changle Road, Xi'an, China
| | - Kangning Xie
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 West Changle Road, Xi'an, China
| | - Pan Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 West Changle Road, Xi'an, China
| | - Xu Dong
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 West Changle Road, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuai Shan
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 West Changle Road, Xi'an, China
| | - Maogang Jiang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 West Changle Road, Xi'an, China
| | - Qiaoling Xu
- School of Nursing, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 West Changle Road, Xi'an, China
| | - Erping Luo
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 West Changle Road, Xi'an, China.
| | - Guanghao Shen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 West Changle Road, Xi'an, China.
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19
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Yuan Y, DiCiaccio B, Li Y, Elshikha AS, Titov D, Brenner B, Seifer L, Pan H, Karic N, Akbar MA, Lu Y, Song S, Zhou L. Anti-inflammaging effects of human alpha-1 antitrypsin. Aging Cell 2018; 17. [PMID: 29045001 PMCID: PMC5770780 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammaging plays an important role in most age‐related diseases. However, the mechanism of inflammaging is largely unknown, and therapeutic control of inflammaging is challenging. Human alpha‐1 antitrypsin (hAAT) has immune‐regulatory, anti‐inflammatory, and cytoprotective properties as demonstrated in several disease models including type 1 diabetes, arthritis, lupus, osteoporosis, and stroke. To test the potential anti‐inflammaging effect of hAAT, we generated transgenic Drosophila lines expressing hAAT. Surprisingly, the lifespan of hAAT‐expressing lines was significantly longer than that of genetically matched controls. To understand the mechanism underlying the anti‐aging effect of hAAT, we monitored the expression of aging‐associated genes and found that aging‐induced expressions of Relish (NF‐ĸB orthologue) and Diptericin were significantly lower in hAAT lines than in control lines. RNA‐seq analysis revealed that innate immunity genes regulated by NF‐kB were significantly and specifically inhibited in hAAT transgenic Drosophila lines. To confirm this anti‐inflammaging effect in human cells, we treated X‐ray‐induced senescence cells with hAAT and showed that hAAT treatment significantly decreased the expression and maturation of IL‐6 and IL‐8, two major factors of senescence‐associated secretory phenotype. Consistent with results from Drosophila,RNA‐seq analysis also showed that hAAT treatment significantly inhibited inflammation related genes and pathways. Together, our results demonstrated that hAAT significantly inhibited inflammaging in both Drosophila and human cell models. As hAAT is a FDA‐approved drug with a confirmed safety profile, this novel therapeutic potential may make hAAT a promising candidate to combat aging and aging‐related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yuan
- Department of Pharmaceutics; University of Florida; Gainesville FL USA
| | - Benedetto DiCiaccio
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology; University of Florida; Gainesville FL USA
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology; University of Florida; Gainesville FL USA
| | - Ahmed S. Elshikha
- Department of Pharmaceutics; University of Florida; Gainesville FL USA
| | - Denis Titov
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology; University of Florida; Gainesville FL USA
| | - Brian Brenner
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology; University of Florida; Gainesville FL USA
| | - Lee Seifer
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology; University of Florida; Gainesville FL USA
| | - Hope Pan
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology; University of Florida; Gainesville FL USA
| | - Nurdina Karic
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology; University of Florida; Gainesville FL USA
| | - Mohammad A. Akbar
- Department of Pharmaceutics; University of Florida; Gainesville FL USA
| | - Yuanqing Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutics; University of Florida; Gainesville FL USA
| | - Sihong Song
- Department of Pharmaceutics; University of Florida; Gainesville FL USA
- University of Florida Genetics Institute; Gainesville FL USA
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology; University of Florida; Gainesville FL USA
- University of Florida Genetics Institute; Gainesville FL USA
- UF Health Cancer Center; Gainesville FL USA
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Song S, Lu Y, Elshikha AS. In Vivo Analysis of Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Functions in Autoimmune Disease Models. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1826:143-155. [PMID: 30194599 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8645-3_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) is a circulating protein, a serpin, with multiple protective functions. Beside the well-known proteinase inhibitory function, which protects the lungs from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), many studies have shown that AAT inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression and functions. These anti-inflammatory and immune-regulatory properties have led to studies testing the therapeutic effect of AAT in autoimmune disease models. Initially, a study using recombinant adeno-associated viral (rAAV) vector showed that AAT gene therapy prevented type 1 diabetes (T1D) development in a nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse model. Consequently, several studies confirmed that AAT therapy prevented and reversed T1D. AAT therapy has also been tested and has demonstrated protective effects in a collagen-induced arthritis model and a systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) mouse model. This chapter describes methods that evaluate AAT functions in autoimmune mouse models.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Arthritis, Experimental/genetics
- Arthritis, Experimental/metabolism
- Arthritis, Experimental/pathology
- Arthritis, Experimental/therapy
- Dependovirus
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/therapy
- Disease Models, Animal
- Genetic Therapy
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/genetics
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/metabolism
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/pathology
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/therapy
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/genetics
- Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/metabolism
- Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/pathology
- Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/therapy
- Transduction, Genetic
- alpha 1-Antitrypsin/biosynthesis
- alpha 1-Antitrypsin/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihong Song
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Yuanqing Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ahmed S Elshikha
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Akbar MA, Nardo D, Chen MJ, Elshikha AS, Ahamed R, Elsayed EM, Bigot C, Holliday LS, Song S. Alpha-1 antitrypsin inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclast formation and functions. Mol Med 2017; 23:57-69. [PMID: 28332697 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2016.00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a global public health problem affecting more than 200 million people worldwide. We previously showed that treatment with alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT), a multifunctional protein with anti-inflammatory properties, mitigated bone loss in an ovariectomized mouse model. However, the underlying mechanisms of the protective effect of AAT on bone tissue are largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the effect of AAT on osteoclast formation and function in vitro. Our results showed that AAT dose-dependently inhibited the formation of RANKL (receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand) induced osteoclasts derived from mouse bone marrow macrophages/monocyte (BMM) lineage cells and the murine macrophage cell line, RAW 264.7 cells. In order to elucidate the possible mechanisms underlying this inhibition, we tested the effect of AAT on the gene expression of cell surface molecules, transcription factors, and cytokines associated with osteoclast formation. We showed that AAT inhibited M-CSF (macrophage colony-stimulating factor) induced cell surface RANK expression in osteoclast precursor cells. In addition, AAT inhibited RANKL-induced TNF-α production, cell surface CD9 expression, and dendritic cell-specific transmembrane protein (DC-STAMP) gene expression. Importantly, AAT treatment significantly inhibited osteoclast-associated mineral resorption. Together, these results uncovered new mechanisms for the protective effects of AAT and strongly support the notion that AAT has therapeutic potential for the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ahsanul Akbar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - David Nardo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Mong-Jen Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Ahmed S Elshikha
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Rubina Ahamed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Eslam M Elsayed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Claire Bigot
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Lexie Shannon Holliday
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Sihong Song
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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Akbar MA, Lu Y, Elshikha AS, Chen MJ, Yuan Y, Whitley EM, Holliday LS, Chang LJ, Song S. Transplantation of Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell (ATMSC) Expressing Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Reduces Bone Loss in Ovariectomized Osteoporosis Mice. Hum Gene Ther 2016; 28:179-189. [PMID: 27802778 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2016.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common health problem severely affecting the quality of life of many people, especially women. Current treatment options for osteoporosis are limited due to their association with several side-effects and moderate efficacy. Therefore, novel therapies for osteoporosis are needed. This study tested the feasibility of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ATMSC)-based human alpha-1 antitrypsin (hAAT, SERPINA1) gene therapy for the prevention of bone loss in an ovariectomized (OVX) mouse model. Eight-week-old female C57BL6 mice underwent ovariectomy and were treated with hAAT (protein therapy), ATMSC (stem-cell therapy), ATMSC + hAAT (combination of ATMSC and hAAT therapy), and ATMSCs infected with lentiviral vectors expressing hAAT (ATMSC-based hAAT gene therapy). The study showed that lenti-hAAT vector-infected ATMSCs (ATMSC-LV-hAAT) produced high levels of hAAT. Transplantation of these cells significantly decreased OVX-induced serum levels of interleukin 6 and interleukin 1 beta, and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B gene expression levels in bone tissue. Immunohistological analysis revealed that transplanted cells migrated to the bone tissue and secreted hAAT. Importantly, bone microstructure analysis by microcomputerized tomography showed that this treatment significantly protected against OVX-induced bone loss. The results suggest a novel strategy for the treatment of osteoporosis in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuanqing Lu
- 2 Department of Medicine, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Ahmed S Elshikha
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Mong-Jen Chen
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Ye Yuan
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | | | - L Shannon Holliday
- 4 Department of Orthodontics, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Lung-Ji Chang
- 5 Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Sihong Song
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
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