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Awari VS, Barvkar VT, Ade AB, Borde MY. Endophytic fungi from Cissus quadrangularis plant a promising source of bioactive compounds. Braz J Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s42770-024-01500-0. [PMID: 39207638 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01500-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Cissus quadrangularis is a succulent, perennial plant belonging to the family Vitaceae typically found in Asia and Africa's tropical and subtropical forest zones. It is an ancient medicinal plant, containing phytosterols, polyphenols, flavonoids, carbohydrates, and ascorbic acid. Due to the presence of phytosterols it plays a crucial role in bone fracture healing. However, due to the limited resources of these medicinal plants there is a need to search for a reservoir of biologically active metabolites. This medicinal property of the plants therefore may be attributed to the endophytic fungi within the plant. This study includes isolation of endophytic fungi from C. quadrangularis and the characterization of fungal extracts. Three endophytes were isolated namely Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Colletotrichum siamense and Phoma sp. The qualitative analysis of targeted metabolites from Cissus quadrangularis stem and fungal extracts of all the three endophytes showed the presence of phytosterols. Methanol extracts of endophytes and C. quadrangularis plant exhibit significant antioxidant and the radical scavenging activity because of the presence of β-carotene. The Ic50 value for stem and isolated endophytes was 5.748, 19.937, 7.00, and 6.493 respectively. This study will give further scope for studying the bone healing ability of phytosterol from the endophytic isolates of C. quadrangularis plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanita S Awari
- Department of Botany, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Vitthal T Barvkar
- Department of Botany, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Avinash B Ade
- Department of Botany, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Mahesh Y Borde
- Department of Botany, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, India.
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Afolayan FID, Odeyemi RA, Salaam RA. In silico and in vivo evaluations of multistage antiplasmodial potency and toxicity profiling of n-Hexadecanoic acid derived from Vernonia amygdalina. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1445905. [PMID: 39234111 PMCID: PMC11371785 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1445905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the widely reported potentials of n-Hexadecanoic acid (HA) as a bioactive, its multi-stage antiplasmodial activity and toxicity profiles remain largely unknown. Methodology Thus, this study uses a combination of in silico approaches and in vivo studies to assess the inhibitory activities of HA at different stages of the Plasmodium lifecycle, antiplasmodial performance, and toxicity profiles. The HA was retrieved from the PubChem database, while antiplasmodial target proteins from different stages of the Plasmodium falciparum life cycle were collated from the Protein Databank (PDB). Molecular Docking and Visualization were conducted between the compound and target proteins using AutoVina PyRx software and Biovia Discovery Studio, respectively. Also, the AdmetLab 3.0 algorithm was used to predict the absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity (ADMET) profiles of HA. Based on a 4-day suppressive test, the antiplasmodial activity against the Plasmodium berghei ANKA strain in mice was evaluated. Furthermore, subacute toxicity and micronucleus assays were used for further toxicity assessment. Results The molecular docking analysis indicates multi-stage, multi-target potentials of HA with favourable ligand-receptor complexes across the four Plasmodium falciparum stages. Meanwhile, the mice administered with 100 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, and 10 mg/kg of HA demonstrated considerable chemosuppression in a dose-dependent manner of 89.74%, 83.80%, and 71.58% percentage chemosuppression, respectively, at p < 0.05. The ADMET prediction, histopathological tests, and micronucleus assays show that HA is safer at a lower dose. Conclusion This study showed that n-Hexadecanoic acid is a potential drug candidate for malaria. Hence, it is recommended for further molecular and biochemical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- F I D Afolayan
- Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - R A Odeyemi
- Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - R A Salaam
- Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Sharma A, Kumar A, Singh AK, Kumar KJ, Narasimhan B, Kumar P. Ethnomedicinal Uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Toxicology of Ruellia tuberosa L.: A Review. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400292. [PMID: 39056380 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Natural Products continue to be the purest source of physiologically active molecules employed in the identification of possible lead compounds in the drug discovery process. Acanthaceae is a big plant family with around 2500 species, found primarily in subtropical and tropical regions, as well as the Mediterranean, Australia, and the United States. Several species of the Acanthaceae family have been used traditionally to treat a variety of diseases, including gastrointestinal and cardiovascular ailments, etc. Ruellia tuberosa commonly known as "Mexican Bluebell" is a perennial herb that originated in Central America and has spread to some countries in the Southern tropics and Southeast Asia. It has been utilized as a traditional Rasayana plant from ancient times. R. tuberosa extracts and phytochemicals showed potent bioactivities, such as anticancer, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, antifungal, antimicrobial, anti-diabetic, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, gastro-protective, and anthelminthic activities. Chemical analyses have unveiled a range of bioactive constituents within the plant, including alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and phenolic compounds, suggestive of its therapeutic potential. Collectively, this review provides an overview of R. tuberosa, encompassing its traditional uses, ethnomedicinal importance, phytochemistry, pharmacological properties, and toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, India-, 151401
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India-, 835215
| | - Adarsh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, India-, 151401
| | - Ankit Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, India-, 151401
| | - K Jayaram Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India-, 835215
| | | | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, India-, 151401
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Sekandi P, Namukobe J, Byamukama R, Nagawa CB, Barbini S, Bacher M, Böhmdorfer S, Rosenau T. Antimicrobial, antioxidant, and sun protection potential of the isolated compounds from Spermacoce princeae (K. Schum). BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:201. [PMID: 37337184 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04026-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spermacoce princeae (K. Schum) has been used in the treatment of bacterial skin infections in Uganda. Pharmacological studies revealed that extracts of S. princeae exhibited antibacterial, antioxidant, and sun protection potential. This study aimed at isolating and identifying pure compounds from the extracts based on comprehensive analytical characterization by multiple analytical techniques. METHODS The plant samples were extracted by sequential maceration using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and distilled water. The compounds were isolated using a combination of chromatographic techniques and their structures were elucidated by multiple spectroscopic techniques. The antibacterial and antifungal activity determination of the isolated compounds was carried out using an agar well diffusion and potato dextrose assay against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus flavus while the antioxidant activity was screened with the 2,2-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. The sun protection factor was determined using a Shimadzu Ultra Violet-visible (UV-VIS) double beam spectrophotometer between 290 to 320 nm. RESULTS Eleven compounds; quercetin (1), kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside (2), rutin (3, 12), myo-inositol (4), asperulosidic acid (5), hexadecanoic acid (6), β-sitosterol (7), stigmasterol (8), campesterol (9), ursolic acid (10), and β-sitosterol glucoside (11) were identified in the S. princeae extracts. Compound 2 had good antifungal activity against C. albicans (zone of inhibition, 23.0 ± 0.1 mm). Compound 10 showed antibacterial and antifungal activity against S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, C. albicans, and A. flavus. Compound 2 had a good percentage radical scavenging effect (IC50 = 64.81 µg/ml) and a good sun protection factor (SPF = 26.83). CONCLUSION This study reports the first-time isolation and identification of compounds 1 to 11 from S. princeae, which contribute to its antimicrobial, antioxidant, and sun protection potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Sekandi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda.
| | - Jane Namukobe
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Robert Byamukama
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Christine Betty Nagawa
- Department of Forestry, Biodiversity, and Tourism, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Stefano Barbini
- Institute of Chemistry of Renewable Resources, Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Bacher
- Institute of Chemistry of Renewable Resources, Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Böhmdorfer
- Institute of Chemistry of Renewable Resources, Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Rosenau
- Institute of Chemistry of Renewable Resources, Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Xiang K, Yang J, Liu W, Chen L, Hou H, Zhou X, Li J. Efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicine Buzhong Yiqi decoction for postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e31771. [PMID: 36397378 PMCID: PMC9666153 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000031771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is a disorder of bone metabolism caused by estrogen deficiency in women after menopause, which manifests clinically as pain, spinal deformities, and even fragility fractures, affecting the quality of life of patients and possibly shortening their life span. Traditional Chinese medicine prescription Buzhong Yiqi Decoction (BZYQD) has been widely used in clinical practice and achieved good results. But there is no high-level evidence to support this result. The aim of this study is to evaluate BZYQD's efficacy and safety in the management of PMOP. METHODS We will search articles in 7 electronic databases including Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, Chinese Scientific Journals Database, Chinese databases SinoMed, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. All the publications, with no time restrictions, will be searched without any restriction on language and status, the time from the establishment of the database to September 2022. Two reviewers will independently assess the quality of the selected studies, NoteExpress and Excel software will be used to extract data, and the content will be stored in an electronic chart. Different researchers will separately screen the titles and abstracts of records acquired potential eligibility which comes from the electronic databases. Full-text screening and data extraction will be conducted afterward independently. Statistical analysis will be conducted using RevMan 5.4 software. RESULTS This study will evaluate the efficacy and safety of BZYQD in the treatment of PMOP, to provide high-quality, evidence-based clinical recommendations. CONCLUSION The study provides a trustable clinical foundation for BZYQD in the treatment of PMOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kemeng Xiang
- Taizhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jingfan Yang
- Kunming Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Weitong Liu
- Kunming Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Limin Chen
- Taizhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Huiming Hou
- Nanchang Hongdu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xing Zhou
- The First Clinical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinlei Li
- Kunming Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, China
- * Correspondence: Jinlei Li, Kunming Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, No. 25, Dongfeng East Road, Panlong District, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, China (e-mail: )
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Wang Y, Xue Y, Guo HD. Intervention effects of traditional Chinese medicine on stem cell therapy of myocardial infarction. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1013740. [PMID: 36330092 PMCID: PMC9622800 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1013740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of global mortality, in which myocardial infarction accounts for 46% of total deaths. Although good progress has been achieved in medication and interventional techniques, a proven method to repair the damaged myocardium has not yet been determined. Stem cell therapy for damaged myocardial repair has evolved into a promising treatment for ischemic heart disease. However, low retention and poor survival of the injected stem cells are the major obstacles to achieving the intended therapeutic effects. Chinese botanical and other natural drug substances are a rich source of effective treatment for various diseases. As such, numerous studies have revealed the role of Chinese medicine in stem cell therapy for myocardial infarction treatment, including promoting proliferation, survival, migration, angiogenesis, and differentiation of stem cells. Here, we discuss the potential and limitations of stem cell therapy, as well as the regulatory mechanism of Chinese medicines underlying stem cell therapy. We focus on the evidence from pre-clinical trials and clinical practices, and based on traditional Chinese medicine theories, we further summarize the mechanisms of Chinese medicine treatment in stem cell therapy by the commonly used prescriptions. Despite the pre-clinical evidence showing that traditional Chinese medicine is helpful in stem cell therapy, there are still some limitations of traditional Chinese medicine therapy. We also systematically assess the detailed experimental design and reliability of included pharmacological research in our review. Strictly controlled animal models with multi-perspective pharmacokinetic profiles and high-grade clinical evidence with multi-disciplinary efforts are highly demanded in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuezhen Xue
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hai-dong Guo
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Li X. Comparative Study of 1,1‐Diphenyl‐2‐picryl‐hydrazyl Radical (DPPH•) Scavenging Capacity of the Antioxidant Xanthones Family. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201803362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xican Li
- School of Chinese Herbal MedicineGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou China
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Li X, Ren Z, Wu Z, Fu Z, Xie H, Deng L, Jiang X, Chen D. Steric Effect of Antioxidant Diels-Alder-Type Adducts: A Comparison of Sanggenon C with Sanggenon D. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102610. [PMID: 30314378 PMCID: PMC6222520 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sanggenons C and D are two Diels-Alder-type adducts from Chinese crude drug Sang-bai-pi. Structurally, both sanggenons construct stereoisomers. In the study, they were comparatively determined using four antioxidant assays, including ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, Cu2+-reducing assay, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazl (DPPH•)-scavenging assay, and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid radical (ABTS•+)-scavenging assay. Their Fe2+-binding reactions were explored using UV-Vis spectra. Finally, their cytoprotective effects were evaluated using flow cytometry. In electron transfer (ET)-based FRAP and Cu2+-reducing assays, sanggenon D was found to have lower IC50 values than sanggenon C; however, in multi-pathway-based DPPH•-scavenging and ABTS•+-scavenging assays, sanggenon C possessed lower IC50 values than sanggenon D. UV-Vis spectra suggested that sanggenon C generated a bathochromic-shift (286 nm → 302 nm) and displayed stronger UV absorption than sanggenon D. In flow cytometry, sanggenon C and sanggenon D, respectively, exhibited 31.1% and 42.0% early apoptosis-percentages towards oxidative-stressed mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In conclusion, both sanggenons may undergo multiple pathways (e.g., ET and Fe2+-binding) to protect MSCs against oxidative stress. In the mere ET aspect, sanggenon D possesses a higher level than sanggenon C, while in multi-pathway-based radical-scavenging, Fe2+-binding, and cytoprotection aspects, sanggenon C is more active than sanggenon D. These discrepancies can conclusively be attributed to the steric effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xican Li
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- Innovative Research & Development Laboratory of TCM, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Zhenxing Ren
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Zimei Wu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Zhen Fu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Hong Xie
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Langyu Deng
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Xiaohua Jiang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Dongfeng Chen
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Li X, Jiang Q, Chen B, Luo X, Chen D. Structure-Activity Relationship and Prediction of the Electron-Transfer Potential of the Xanthones Series. ChemistryOpen 2018; 7:730-736. [PMID: 30258745 PMCID: PMC6148407 DOI: 10.1002/open.201800108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The structure-activity relationships of 31 xanthones were analyzed by using the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay to determine their electron-transfer (ET) potential. It was proven that the ET potential of xanthones was dominated by four moieties (i.e. hydroquinone moiety, 5,6-catechol moiety, 6,7-catechol moiety, and 7,8-catechol moiety) and was only slightly affected by other structural features, including a single phenolic OH group, the resorcinol moiety, the transannular dihydroxy moiety, a methoxy group, a sugar residue, an isoprenyl group, a cyclized isoprenyl group, and an isopentanol group. The results could be used to predict the ET potentials of other antioxidant xanthones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xican Li
- School of Chinese Herbal MedicineGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineWaihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega CenterGuangzhou510006China
- Innovative Research & Development Laboratory of TCMGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou510006China
| | - Qian Jiang
- School of Chinese Herbal MedicineGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineWaihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega CenterGuangzhou510006China
- Innovative Research & Development Laboratory of TCMGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou510006China
| | - Ban Chen
- School of Chinese Herbal MedicineGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineWaihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega CenterGuangzhou510006China
- Innovative Research & Development Laboratory of TCMGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou510006China
| | - Xiaoling Luo
- School of Chinese Herbal MedicineGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineWaihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega CenterGuangzhou510006China
| | - Dongfeng Chen
- School of Basic Medical ScienceGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou510006China
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative MedicineGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou510006China
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Lin J, Li X, Chen B, Wei G, Chen D. E-Configuration Improves Antioxidant and Cytoprotective Capacities of Resveratrols. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23071790. [PMID: 30036971 PMCID: PMC6100583 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The antioxidant and cytoprotective capacities of E-resveratrol and Z-resveratrol were compared using chemical and cellular assays. Chemical assays revealed that the two isomers were dose-dependently active in •O₂--scavenging, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), Cu2+-reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl 3-oxide radical (PTIO•)-scavenging (pH 7.4 and pH 4.5), and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH•)-scavenging assays. The cellular assay indicated that the two isomers could also increase cell viabilities. However, quantitative analyses suggested that E-resveratrol exhibited stronger effects than Z-resveratrol in all chemical and cellular assays. Finally, the conformations of E-resveratrol and Z-resveratrol were analyzed. It can be concluded that both E-resveratrol and Z-resveratrol can promote redox-related pathways to exhibit antioxidant action and consequently protect bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (bmMSCs) from oxidative damage. These pathways include electron transfer (ET) and H⁺-transfer, and likely include hydrogen atom transfer (HAT). The E-configuration, however, improves antioxidant and cytoprotective capacities of resveratrols. The detrimental effect of the Z-configuration may be attributed to the non-planar preferential conformation, where two dihedral angles block the extension of the conjugative system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Lin
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne Victoria 3001, Australia.
| | - Xican Li
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- Innovative Research & Development Laboratory of TCM, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Ban Chen
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- Innovative Research & Development Laboratory of TCM, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Gang Wei
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- Innovative Research & Development Laboratory of TCM, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Dongfeng Chen
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Li X, Chen B, Zhao X, Chen D. 2-Phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl 3-oxide Radical (PTIO•) Trapping Activity and Mechanisms of 16 Phenolic Xanthones. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23071692. [PMID: 29997352 PMCID: PMC6100357 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This study used the 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl 3-oxide radical (PTIO•) trapping model to study the antioxidant activities of 16 natural xanthones in aqueous solution, including garcinone C, γ-mangostin, subelliptenone G, mangiferin, 1,6,7-trihydroxy-xanthone, 1,2,5-trihydroxyxanthone, 1,5,6-trihydroxyxanthone, norathyriol, 1,3,5,6-tetrahydroxy-xanthone, isojacareubin, 1,3,5,8-tetrahydroxyxanthone, isomangiferin, 2-hydroxyxanthone, 7-O-methylmangiferin, neomangiferin, and lancerin. It was observed that most of the 16 xanthones could scavenge the PTIO• radical in a dose-dependent manner at pH 4.5 and 7.4. Among them, 12 xanthones of the para-di-OHs (or ortho-di-OHs) type always exhibited lower half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values than those not of the para-di-OHs (or ortho-di-OHs) type. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS) analysis revealed that most of these xanthones gave xanthone-xanthone dimers after incubation with PTIO•, except for neomangiferin. Based on these data, we concluded that the antioxidant activity of phenolic xanthone may be mediated by electron-transfer (ET) plus H⁺-transfer mechanisms. Through these mechanisms, some xanthones can further dimerize unless they bear huge substituents with steric hindrance. Four substituent types (i.e., para-di-OHs, 5,6-di-OHs, 6,7-di-OHs, and 7,8-di-OHs) dominate the antioxidant activity of phenolic xanthones, while other substituents (including isoprenyl and 3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl substituents) play a minor role as long as they do not break the above four types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xican Li
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- Innovative Research & Development Laboratory of TCM, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Ban Chen
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- Innovative Research & Development Laboratory of TCM, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Xiaojun Zhao
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- Innovative Research & Development Laboratory of TCM, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Dongfeng Chen
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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12
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Li X, Chen B, Xie H, He Y, Zhong D, Chen D. Antioxidant Structure⁻Activity Relationship Analysis of Five Dihydrochalcones. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23051162. [PMID: 29757201 PMCID: PMC6100071 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The study determined the comparative antioxidant capacities of five similar dihydrochalcones: phloretin, phloridzin, trilobatin, neohesperidin dihydrochalcone, and naringin dihydrochalcone. In the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, the antioxidant activities of pairs of dihydrochalcones had the following relationship: phloretin > phloridzin, phloretin > trilobatin, trilobatin > phloridzin, trilobatin > naringin dihydrochalcone, and neohesperidin dihydrochalcone > naringin dihydrochalcone. Similar relative antioxidant levels were also obtained from 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazl radical (DPPH•)-scavenging, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS•+)-scavenging, and superoxide radical (•O2−)-scavenging assays. Using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC−ESI−Q−TOF−MS/MS) analysis for the reaction products with DPPH•, phloretin, phloridzin, and trilobatin were found to yield both dihydrochalcone-DPPH adduct and dihydrochalcone-dihydrochalcone dimer, whereas naringin dihydrochalcone gave a naringin dihydrochalcone-DPPH adduct, and neohesperidin dihydrochalcone gave a dimer. In conclusion, the five dihydrochalcones may undergo redox-based reactions (especially electron transfer (ET) and hydrogen atom transfer (HAT)), as well as radical adduct formation, to exert their antioxidant action. Methoxylation at the ortho-OH enhances the ET and HAT potential possibly via p-π conjugation, whereas the glycosylation of the –OH group not only reduces the ET and HAT potential but also hinders the ability of radical adduct formation. The 2′,6′-di-OH moiety in dihydrochalcone possesses higher ET and HAT activities than the 2′,4′-di-OH moiety because of its resonance with the adjacent keto group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xican Li
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- Innovative Research & Development Laboratory of TCM, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Ban Chen
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- Innovative Research & Development Laboratory of TCM, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Hong Xie
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- Innovative Research & Development Laboratory of TCM, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Yuhua He
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Dewei Zhong
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Dongfeng Chen
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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13
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Effect of Double Bond Position on 2-Phenyl-benzofuran Antioxidants: A Comparative Study of Moracin C and Iso-Moracin C. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23040754. [PMID: 29587376 PMCID: PMC6017532 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Two 2-phenyl-benzofurans, moracin C {2-[3′,5′-dihydroxy-4′-(3-methlbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-6-hydroxybenzofuran} and its isomer iso-moracin C{2-[3′,5′-dihydroxy-4′-(3-methlbut-1-enyl)phenyl]-6-hydroxybenzofuran}, were comparatively studied using redox-related antioxidant assays and non-redox antioxidant assays. Moracin C always resulted in higher IC50 values than iso-moracin C in the redox-related antioxidant assays, including •O2−-inhibition, Cu2+-reducing power, DPPH•-inhibition, and ABTS+•-inhibition assays. In the non-redox antioxidant assay, moracin C and iso-moracin C underwent similar radical-adduct-formation (RAF), evidenced by the peaks at m/z 704 and m/z 618 in HPLC-MS spectra. In conclusion, both moracin C and iso-moracin C can act as 2-phenyl-benzofuran antioxidants; their antioxidant mechanisms may include redox-related ET and H+-transfer, and non-redox RAF. A double bond at the conjugation position can enhance the redox-related antioxidant potential, but hardly affects the RAF potential.
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Li X, Xie Y, Xie H, Yang J, Chen D. π-π Conjugation Enhances Oligostilbene's Antioxidant Capacity: Evidence from α-Viniferin and Caraphenol A. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23030694. [PMID: 29562698 PMCID: PMC6017043 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23030694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
α-Viniferin and caraphenol A, the two oligostilbenes, have the sole difference of the presence or absence of an exocyclic double bond at the π-π conjugative site. In this study, the antioxidant capacity and relevant mechanisms for α-viniferin and caraphenol A were comparatively explored using spectrophotometry, UV-visible spectral analysis, and electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–ESI–Q–TOF–MS/MS) analysis. The spectrophotometric results suggested that caraphenol A always gave lower IC50 values than α-viniferin in cupric ion-reducing antioxidant capacity assay, ferric-reducing antioxidant power assay, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazl radical (DPPH•)-scavenging, and 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl 3-oxide radical-scavenging assays. In UV-visible spectra analysis, caraphenol A was observed to show enhanced peaks at 250–350 nm when mixed with Fe2+, but α-viniferin exhibited no similar effects. UPLC–ESI–Q–TOF–MS/MS analysis revealed that α-viniferin mixed with DPPH• produced radical adduct formation (RAF) peak (m/z = 1070–1072). We conclude that the antioxidant action of α-viniferin and caraphenol A may involve both redox-mediated mechanisms (especially electron transfer and H+-transfer) and non-redox-mediated mechanisms (including Fe2+-chelating or RAF). The π-π conjugation of the exocyclic double bond in caraphenol A can greatly enhance the redox-mediated antioxidant mechanisms and partially promote the Fe2+-chelating mechanism. This makes caraphenol A far superior to α-viniferin in total antioxidant levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xican Li
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- Innovative Research & Development Laboratory of TCM, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Yulu Xie
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- Innovative Research & Development Laboratory of TCM, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Hong Xie
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- Innovative Research & Development Laboratory of TCM, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Jian Yang
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Dongfeng Chen
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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15
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Li X, Xie Y, Li K, Wu A, Xie H, Guo Q, Xue P, Maleshibek Y, Zhao W, Guo J, Chen D. Antioxidation and Cytoprotection of Acteoside and Its Derivatives: Comparison and Mechanistic Chemistry. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23020498. [PMID: 29473886 PMCID: PMC6017589 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The study tried to explore the role of sugar-residues and mechanisms of phenolic phenylpropanoid antioxidants. Acteoside, along with its apioside forsythoside B and rhamnoside poliumoside, were comparatively investigated using various antioxidant assays. In three electron-transfer (ET)-based assays (FRAP, CUPRAC, PTIO•-scavenging at pH 4.5), the relative antioxidant levels roughly ruled as: acteoside >forsythoside B > poliumoside. Such order was also observed in H⁺-transfer-involved PTIO•-scavenging assay at pH 7.4, and in three multiple-pathway-involved radical-scavenging assays, i.e., ABTS⁺•-scavenging, DPPH•-scavenging, and •O₂--scavenging. In UV-vis spectra, each of them displayed a red-shift at 335→364 nm and two weak peaks (480 and 719 nm), when mixed with Fe2+; however, acteoside gave the weakest absorption. In Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS) analysis, no radical-adduct-formation (RAF) peak was found. MTT assay revealed that poliumoside exhibited the highest viability of oxidative-stressed bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. In conclusion, acteoside, forsythoside B, and poliumoside may be involved in multiple-pathways to exert the antioxidant action, including ET, H⁺-transfer, or Fe2+-chelating, but not RAF. The ET and H⁺-transfer may be hindered by rhamnosyl and apiosyl moieties; however, the Fe2+-chelating potential can be enhanced by two sugar-residues (especially rhamnosyl moiety). The general effect of rhamnosyl and apiosyl moieties is to improve the antioxidant or cytoprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xican Li
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- Innovative Research & Development Laboratory of TCM, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Yulu Xie
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- Innovative Research & Development Laboratory of TCM, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Ke Li
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Aizhi Wu
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- Innovative Research & Development Laboratory of TCM, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Hong Xie
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- Innovative Research & Development Laboratory of TCM, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Qian Guo
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510007, China.
| | - Penghui Xue
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Yerkingul Maleshibek
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Wei Zhao
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 74 Zhongshan Road. 2, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Jiasong Guo
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Dongfeng Chen
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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16
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Xie H, Li X, Ren Z, Qiu W, Chen J, Jiang Q, Chen B, Chen D. Antioxidant and Cytoprotective Effects of Tibetan Tea and Its Phenolic Components. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23020179. [PMID: 29364183 PMCID: PMC6017439 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Tibetan tea (Kangzhuan) is an essential beverage of the Tibetan people. In this study, a lyophilized aqueous extract of Tibetan tea (LATT) was prepared and analyzed by HPLC. The results suggested that there were at least five phenolic components, including gallic acid, and four catechins (i.e., (+)-catechin, (−)-catechin gallate (CG), (−)-epicatechin gallate (ECG), and (−)-epigallocatechin gallate). Gallic acid, the four catechins, and LATT were then comparatively investigated by four antioxidant assays: ferric reducing antioxidant power, 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl 3-oxide radical (PTIO•) scavenging, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazl radical scavenging, and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging assays. In these assays, LATT, along with the five phenolic components, increased their antioxidant effects in a concentration-dependent manner; however, the half maximal scavenging concentrations of ECG were always lower than those of CG. Gallic acid and the four catechins were also suggested to chelate Fe2+ based on UV-visible spectral analysis. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC−ESI−Q−TOF−MS/MS) analysis suggested that, when mixed with PTIO•, the five phenolic components could yield two types of radical adduct formation (RAF) products (i.e., tea phenolic dimers and tea phenolic-PTIO• adducts). In a flow cytometry assay, (+)-catechin and LATT was observed to have a cytoprotective effect towards oxidative-stressed bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Based on this evidence, we concluded that LATT possesses antioxidative or cytoprotective properties. These effects may mainly be attributed to the presence of phenolic components, including gallic acid and the four catechins. These phenolic components may undergo electron transfer, H+-transfer, and Fe2+-chelating pathways to exhibit antioxidative or cytoprotective effects. In these effects, two diastereoisomeric CG and ECG showed differences to which a steric effect from the 2-carbon may contribute. Phenolic component decay may cause RAF in the antioxidant process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Xie
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- Innovative Research & Development Laboratory of TCM, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Xican Li
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- Innovative Research & Development Laboratory of TCM, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Zhenxing Ren
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Weimin Qiu
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Jianlan Chen
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Qian Jiang
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- Innovative Research & Development Laboratory of TCM, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Ban Chen
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- Innovative Research & Development Laboratory of TCM, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Dongfeng Chen
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Antioxidant and Cytoprotective Effects of the Di-O-Caffeoylquinic Acid Family: The Mechanism, Structure-Activity Relationship, and Conformational Effect. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23010222. [PMID: 29361719 PMCID: PMC6017143 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23010222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a series of di-O-caffeoylquinic acids (di-COQs) were systematically investigated for their antioxidant and cytoprotective effects towards •OH-damaged bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (bmMSCs). Five di-COQs were measured using a set of antioxidant assays. The results show that adjacent 4,5-Di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4,5-COQ) and 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3,4-COQ) always gave lower IC50 values than did non-adjacent di-COQs. In the Fe2+-chelating assay, 4,5-COQ and 3,4-COQ presented greater UV-Vis spectra and darker colors than did non-adjacent di-COQs. In the UPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis, no corresponding radical adduct formation (RAF) peak was found in the reaction products of di-COQs with PTIO•. In the MTT assay, all di-COQs (especially 1,5-COQ, 1,3-COQ, and 4,5-COQ) dose-dependently increased the cellular viabilities of •OH-damaged bmMSCs. Based on this evidence, we conclude that the five antioxidant di-COQs can protect bmMSCs from •OH-induced damage. Their antioxidant mechanisms may include electron-transfer (ET), H+-transfer, and Fe2+-chelating, except for RAF. Two adjacent di-COQs (4,5-COQ and 3,4-COQ) always possessed a higher antioxidant ability than the non-adjacent di-COQs (1,3-COQ, 1,5-COQ, and 3,5-COQ) in chemical models. However, non-adjacent 1,3-COQ and 1,5-COQ exhibited a higher cytoprotective effect than did adjacent di-COQs. These differences can be attributed to the relative positions of two caffeoyl moieties and, ultimately, to the conformational effect from the cyclohexane skeleton.
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Protective Mechanism of the Antioxidant Baicalein toward Hydroxyl Radical-Treated Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23010223. [PMID: 29361712 PMCID: PMC6017293 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23010223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Our study explores the antioxidant and cytoprotective effects of baicalein and further discusses the possible mechanisms. A methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay revealed that baicalein could considerably enhance the viability of hydroxyl radical-treated bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells (bmMSCs) at 37-370 µM. The highest viability rate was 120.4%. In subsequent studies, baicalein was observed to effectively scavenge hydroxyl radical and PTIO• radicals, reducing Fe3+ and Cu2+ ions. In the Fe2+-chelating UV-vis spectra, mixing of baicalein with Fe2+ yielded two evident redshifts (275 → 279 nm and 324 → 352 nm) and a broad absorption peak (λmax ≈ 650 nm, ε = 1.6 × 10³ L mol-1·cm-1). Finally, we compared the Fe2+-chelating UV-vis spectra of baicalein and its analogues, including 5-hydroxyflavone, 6-hydroxyflavone, 7-hydroxyflavone, catechol, pyrogallol, and chrysin. This analysis revealed that the 4-keto group of the C-ring played a role. The 5,6,7-trihydroxy-group (pyrogallol group) in the A-ring served as an auxochrome, enhancing the absorbance of the UV-vis spectra and deepening the color of the Fe2+-complex. We concluded that baicalein, as an effective hydroxyl radical-scavenger, can protect bmMSCs from hydroxyl radical-mediated oxidative stress. Its hydroxyl radical-scavenging effects are likely exerted via two pathways: direct scavenging of hydroxyl radicals, possibly through electron transfer, and indirect inhibition of hydroxyl radical generation via Fe2+ chelation through the 4-keto-5,6,7-trihydroxy groups.
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Li X, Xie H, Jiang Q, Wei G, Lin L, Li C, Ou X, Yang L, Xie Y, Fu Z, Liu Y, Chen D. The mechanism of (+) taxifolin's protective antioxidant effect for •OH-treated bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2017; 22:31. [PMID: 29299033 PMCID: PMC5745628 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-017-0066-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The natural dihydroflavonol (+) taxifolin was investigated for its protective effect on Fenton reagent-treated bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (bmMSCs). Various antioxidant assays were used to determine the possible mechanism. These included •OH-scavenging, 2-phenyl-4, 4, 5, 5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide radical-scavenging (PTIO•-scavenging), 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazl radical-scavenging (DPPH•-scavenging), 2, 2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical-scavenging (ABTS+•-scavenging), Fe3+-reducing, and Cu2+-reducing assays. The Fe2+-binding reaction was also investigated using UV-Vis spectra. The results revealed that cell viability was fully restored, even increasing to 142.9 ± 9.3% after treatment with (+) taxifolin. In the antioxidant assays, (+) taxifolin was observed to efficiently scavenge •OH, DPPH• and ABTS+• radicals, and to increase the relative Cu2+- and Fe3+-reducing levels. In the PTIO•-scavenging assay, its IC50 values varied with pH. In the Fe2+-binding reaction, (+) taxifolin was found to yield a green solution with two UV-Vis absorbance peaks: λmax = 433 nm (ε =5.2 × 102 L mol−1 cm −1) and λmax = 721 nm (ε = 5.1 × 102 L mol−1 cm −1). These results indicate that (+) taxifolin can act as an effective •OH-scavenger, protecting bmMSCs from •OH-induced damage. Its •OH-scavenging action consists of direct and indirect antioxidant effects. Direct antioxidation occurs via multiple pathways, including ET, PCET or HAT. Indirect antioxidation involves binding to Fe2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xican Li
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuang East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006 China.,Innovative Research & Development Laboratory of TCM, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Hong Xie
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuang East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006 China.,Innovative Research & Development Laboratory of TCM, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Qian Jiang
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuang East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Gang Wei
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuang East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006 China.,Innovative Research & Development Laboratory of TCM, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Lishan Lin
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuang East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Changying Li
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuang East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Xingmei Ou
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuang East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Lichan Yang
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuang East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Yulu Xie
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuang East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006 China.,Innovative Research & Development Laboratory of TCM, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Zhen Fu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006 China.,The Research Center of Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Yamei Liu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006 China.,The Research Center of Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Dongfeng Chen
- The Research Center of Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006 China
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20
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Zhu M, Liu Z, Gao M, Zhang Y, Li Y, Ling S, Zhang P, Zhao C, Jiang L, Liu Y, Li Q, Li D, Hu S, Li Y. The effect of Bu Zhong Yi Qi decoction on simulated weightlessness‑induced muscle atrophy and its mechanisms. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:5165-5174. [PMID: 28849026 PMCID: PMC5647051 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Microgravity has been previously demonstrated to induce skeletal muscle atrophy, loss of muscle force and disorders in myogenesis and metabolism. Current pharmacological strategies exhibit poor efficacy. Bu Zhong Yi Qi decoction (BZ) is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine decoction used for myasthenia gravis. In the present study, its effect on unloading induced muscle atrophy was investigated. The mousetail suspension model was used to simulate weightlessness induced muscle atrophy. The results indicated that BZ could significantly protect muscles from simulated weightlessness-induced atrophy. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, drugCIPHER-CS methods were introduced to predict its potential targets, significantly enriched pathways and biological processes. The results demonstrated that the calcium signaling pathway, citrate cycle, biosynthetic and lipid metabolic process are affected by BZ. Among the targets, nuclear receptor corepressor 1 (NCoR1) is one of the most important proteins involved in myogenesis and metabolism. The results indicated that BZ significantly downregulated NCoR 1 expression, and further induced muscle differentiation and metabolism by regulating NCoR1-associated gene expression in vivo and in vitro. In summary, the present study indicated that may be effective in combating weightlessness-induced muscle atrophy. Combined with bioinformatics, the underlying mechanism for this decoction was investigated, which provided an improved understanding of this decoction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu Zhu
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100019, P.R. China
| | - Zhongyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 102206, P.R. China
| | - Mingze Gao
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100019, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100019, P.R. China
| | - Yuheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Applications, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, P.R. China
| | - Shukuan Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Applications, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, P.R. China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Applications, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, P.R. China
| | - Chenyang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Applications, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, P.R. China
| | - Lijun Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Applications, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, P.R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Applications, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, P.R. China
| | - Qi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Applications, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, P.R. China
| | - Dong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 102206, P.R. China
| | - Sumin Hu
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100019, P.R. China
| | - Yingxian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Applications, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, P.R. China
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Wang T, Li X, Li Y, Wu J, Huang Y, Wei G, Chen D. Mechanistic Chemistry of Extraordinary Capacity of Salvianolic Acid B on Oxidatively-damaged Mesenchymal Stem Cells. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201600112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wang
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Xican Li
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Yunrong Li
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Jianrun Wu
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Yuyin Huang
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Gang Wei
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Dongfeng Chen
- School of Basic Medical Science; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou China
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Flos Chrysanthemi Indici protects against hydroxyl-induced damages to DNA and MSCs via antioxidant mechanism. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2014.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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23
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Promoting Effects on Proliferation and Chondrogenic Differentiation of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Four "Kidney-Tonifying" Traditional Chinese Herbs. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:792161. [PMID: 26137494 PMCID: PMC4475534 DOI: 10.1155/2015/792161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2015] [Revised: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese
medicine can promote the proliferation of bone
marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs).
We chose four “Kidney-tonifying”
Chinese herbal medicines, Radix Astragali, Salvia,
Herba Epimedii, and Saussurea Involucrata, to
evaluate whether they had positive effects on
the proliferation of BMSCs and
TGF-β1-induced chondrogenic
differentiation of BMSCs. The four Chinese
herbal medicines were intragastrically
administered to Sprague-Dawley rats,
respectively, to prepare drug-containing serums
of corresponding Chinese herbs. BMSCs were
isolated, cultured, and exposed to culture
solution containing 1%, 5%, 10%,
and 15% (v/v) Radix Astragali-, Salvia-,
Herba Epimedii-, and Saussurea
Involucrata-containing serum, respectively.
TGF-β1-induced BMSCs were addressed in the
same manner. Collagen type II protein was
assessed by immunofluorescence methods. To
assess whether the drug-containing serums had
positive effects on the proliferation of BMSCs
and TGF-β1-induced BMSCs, MTT method was
assessed. The proliferation of BMSCs was
significantly enhanced when exposed to culture
solutions containing 1% and 5% Radix
Astragali-, 1% and 5% Salvia-, 5%
Herba Epimedii-, and 1%, 5%, and
10% Saussurea Involucrata-containing serum.
The proliferation of TGF-β1-induced BMSCs
was significantly enhanced when exposed to
1%, 5%, and 15% Radix Astragali-,
10% and 15% Salvia-, 5%, and
15% Herba Epimedii-, and 1%, 5%,
and 10% Saussurea Involucrata-containing
serum.
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Li L, Bonneton F, Chen XY, Laudet V. Botanical compounds and their regulation of nuclear receptor action: the case of traditional Chinese medicine. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2015; 401:221-37. [PMID: 25449417 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2014.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear receptors (NRs) are major pharmacological targets that allow an access to the mechanisms controlling gene regulation. As such, some NRs were identified as biological targets of active compounds contained in herbal remedies found in traditional medicines. We aim here to review this expanding literature by focusing on the informative articles regarding the mechanisms of action of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). We exemplified well-characterized TCM action mediated by NR such as steroid receptors (ER, GR, AR), metabolic receptors (PPAR, LXR, FXR, PXR, CAR) and RXR. We also provided, when possible, examples from other traditional medicines. From these, we draw a parallel between TCMs and phytoestrogens or endocrine disrupting chemicals also acting via NR. We define common principle of action and highlight the potential and limits of those compounds. TCMs, by finely tuning physiological reactions in positive and negative manners, could act, in a subtle but efficient way, on NR sensors and their transcriptional network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon; Université de Lyon; Université Lyon 1; CNRS UMR 5242; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, France.; School of Ecological and Environmental Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - François Bonneton
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon; Université de Lyon; Université Lyon 1; CNRS UMR 5242; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, France
| | - Xiao Yong Chen
- School of Ecological and Environmental Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Vincent Laudet
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon; Université de Lyon; Université Lyon 1; CNRS UMR 5242; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, France..
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Advances in mesenchymal stem cells combined with traditional Chinese medicine therapy for liver fibrosis. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM 2014; 12:147-55. [PMID: 24861835 DOI: 10.1016/s2095-4964(14)60022-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a primary cause of liver cirrhosis, and even hepatocarcinoma. Recently, the usage of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been investigated to improve liver fibrosis. It has been reported that the differentiation, proliferation and migration of MSCs can be regulated by traditional Chinese medicine treatment; however, the mechanisms are still unclear. In this article, the authors review the characteristics of MSCs such as multidirectional differentiation and homing, and its application in animal experiments and clinical trials. The authors also list areas that need further investigation, andlook at the future prospects of clinical application of MSCs.
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26
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Han L, Sun C, Lin J, Li F, Li X, Wu Z, Liu C, Bai Y, Mai W, Chen D. Herba EcliptaeProtects against Hydroxyl Radical-induced Damages to DNA and Mesenchymal Stem Cells via Antioxidant Mechanism. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201400082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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27
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Choi JH, Lyu SY, Lee HJ, Jung J, Park WB, Kim GJ. Korean mistletoe lectin regulates self-renewal of placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells via autophagic mechanisms. Cell Prolif 2012; 45:420-9. [PMID: 22925501 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2012.00839.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The balance between survival and death is a key point for regulation of physiology of stem cells. Recently, applications of natural products to enhance efficiencies in culturing and differentiation of stem cells are increasing. Korean mistletoe lectin (Viscum album L. var. coloratum agglutinin, VCA) has been known to be toxic to some cancer cells, but it is still unclear whether VCA has a cytotoxic or indeed a proliferative effect on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Here, we have compared effects of VCA in naïve placenta-derived stem cells (PDSCs), immortalized PDSCs and cancer cells (HepG2), and analysed their mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS MTT assay was performed to analyse effects of VCA on naïve PDSCs, immortalized PDSCs and HepG2. FACS, ROS, caspase-3 assay, western blotting and immunofluorescence were performed to detect signalling events involved in self-renewal of the above cell types. RESULTS VCA had cancer cell-specific toxicity to HepG2 cells even with low concentrations of VCA (1-5 pg/ml), toxicity was observed to immortalized PDSCs and HepG2s, while proliferation of naïve PDSCs was significantly increased (P < 0.05). ROS production by VCA treatment in naïve PDSCs was significantly lower compared to controls (P < 0.05). Furthermore, autophagy was activated in naïve PDSCs treated with VCA through increase in type II LC3 and decrease in phosphorylated mTOR. CONCLUSIONS VCA can promote MSC proliferation through an activated autophagic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Kangnak-ku, Seoul, South Korea
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28
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ZHAO YH, GUAN Y, WU WK. Potential advantages of a combination of Chinese Medicine and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for removing blood stasis and stimulating neogenesis during ischemic stroke treatment. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2012; 32:289-92. [DOI: 10.1016/s0254-6272(13)60027-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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29
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Treatment of cerebral ischemia with combination of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and Chinese medicine. Chin J Integr Med 2011; 17:715-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s11655-011-0852-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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