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Yang Y, Xu S, Yang K, Sun Y, Yang R, Hu Y, Chen G, Cai H. Characterization and In Vitro Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Ginsenosides Extracted from Forest-Grown Wild Panax quinquefolius L. Foods 2023; 12:4316. [PMID: 38231785 DOI: 10.3390/foods12234316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) is known for its health benefits, which are attributed to various terpenoids. However, the specific composition and activities of these terpenoids in forest-grown wild American ginseng remain understudied. This study aimed to characterize the terpenoid composition, particularly triterpene saponins, in forest-grown wild American ginseng. The analysis revealed that triterpene saponins, notably American ginseng ginsenosides (AGGs), are the predominant active components, as identified through LC-MS/MS and HPLC. A subsequent in vitro evaluation of AGGs showcased their potent antioxidant capabilities, displaying the dose-dependent scavenging of free radicals and reducing agents. Moreover, AGGs demonstrated efficacy in reducing oxidative injury and intracellular ROS levels in RAW 264.7 macrophages treated with H2O2. In addition to their antioxidant properties, AGGs exhibited anti-inflammatory effects, significantly inhibiting NO and inflammatory substance production in lipopolysaccharide-treated RAW 264.7 macrophages. These findings highlight the potential of AGG-rich forest-grown wild American ginseng as a functional food with promising implications for improving human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Shan Xu
- School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Kemeng Yang
- School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yuning Sun
- School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Ruirui Yang
- School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yanan Hu
- School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Guijie Chen
- School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Huimei Cai
- School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
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2
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Lee JK, Choi WS, Song JY, Kwon OS, Lee YJ, Lee JS, Lee S, Choi SR, Lee CH, Lee JY. Anti-inflammatory effects of Athyrium yokoscense extract via inhibition of the Erk1/2 and NF-κB pathways in bisphenol A-stimulated A549 cells. Toxicol Res 2023; 39:135-146. [PMID: 36726827 PMCID: PMC9839918 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-022-00154-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A is an environmental endocrine disruptor that has similar functions to estrogen in humans. However, few studies have investigated pulmonary inflammation induced by BPA, and the effect of Athyrium yokoscense extract on this inflammatory response is unknown. In this study, we investigated this effect in A549 human alveolar epithelial cells. BPA at concentrations higher than 100 µM were cytotoxic to A549 cells at 24 and 48 h after treatment; however, AYE (100 µg/mL) had a protective effect against BPA-induced cytotoxicity. AYE also inhibited the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species, expressions of cyclooxygenase-2 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 proteins, activities of phospholipase A2, COX-2, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, and proinflammatory mediators including prostaglandin E2, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6 induced by BPA in A549 cells. This study demonstrated that BPA, which induces chronic lung disease, causes oxidative stress and inflammatory response in lung epithelial cell line, and found that AYE reduces BPA-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory response by down-regulating the Erk1/2 and NF-κB pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Kyu Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Won Seok Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Yong Song
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Oh Seong Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Jin Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Seok Lee
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, 22689 Republic of Korea
| | - Sarah Lee
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, 22689 Republic of Korea
| | - Se Rin Choi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Choong Hwan Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974 Republic of Korea
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3
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Release of Bioactive Peptides from Erythrina edulis ( Chachafruto) Proteins under Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245256. [PMID: 36558415 PMCID: PMC9788341 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The estimated and concerning rise in world population over the next few years and the consequent increase in food demand will lead to a deterioration in global food security. To avoid or reduce this world crisis, informed and empowered consumers are turning to sustainable and nutrient-rich foods that substitute animal products, also reducing their associated environmental impact. Moreover, due to the demonstrated influence of diet on the risk of high incidence and mortality of noncommunicable diseases, the current established food pattern is focused on the consumption of foods that have functionality for health. Among these new foods, traditional and underutilized plants are gaining interest as alternative protein sources providing nutritional and biological properties. In this work, the potential of Erythrina edulis (chachafruto) proteins as a source of multifunctional peptides after transit through the gastrointestinal tract has been demonstrated, with antioxidant and immunostimulating effects in both biochemical assays and cell culture. While low molecular weight peptides released during the digestive process were found to be responsible for protection against oxidative stress mediated by their radical scavenging activity, high molecular weight peptides exerted immunostimulating effects by upregulation of immunoresponse-associated biomarkers. The findings of this study support the promising role of chachafruto proteins as a new antioxidant and immunostimulatory ingredient for functional foods and nutraceuticals.
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Pomilio AB, Szewczuk NA, Duchowicz PR. Dietary anthocyanins balance immune signs in osteoarthritis and obesity - update of human in vitro studies and clinical trials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:2634-2672. [PMID: 36148839 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2124948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Anthocyanins are known to change ligand-receptor bindings, cell membrane permeability, and intracellular signaling pathways. The beneficial effects of dietary anthocyanins have been chronologically demonstrated in interventional and observational studies, including fourteen human chondrocyte studies and related cell culture assays, nineteen human clinical trials in osteoarthritis patients, seven in vivo obesity assays, nineteen in vitro assays in preadipocytes and related cells, and twenty-two clinical trials in overweight/obese subjects, which are critically discussed in this update. Strawberries, cherries, berries, pomegranate, tropical fruits, rosehip, purple rice, purple corn, red beans, and black soybean, together with cyanidin, delphinidin, malvidin, peonidin, some 3-O-glycosides, metabolites, and acylated anthocyanins from a potato cultivar have shown the best outcomes. The set of these five key tests and clinical trials, taken together, contributes to the understanding of the underlying mechanisms and pathways involved. Furthermore, this set shows the value of anthocyanins in counteracting the progression of osteoarthritis/obesity. The interplay between the inflammation of osteoarthritis and obesity, and the subsequent regulation/immunomodulation was performed through isolated and food anthocyanins. The antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties of anthocyanins explain the findings of the studies analyzed. However, further interventional studies should be conducted to finally establish the appropriate doses for anthocyanin supplementation, dose-response, and length of consumption, to include dietary recommendations for osteoarthritis/obese patients for preventive and management purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia B Pomilio
- Laboratorio de Química y Bioquímica Estructural, CONICET, Área Hematología, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín", Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nicolas A Szewczuk
- Laboratorio de QSAR (Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships), Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), CONICET, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), Plata, Argentina
| | - Pablo R Duchowicz
- Laboratorio de QSAR (Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships), Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), CONICET, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), Plata, Argentina
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Catalase-mimicking synthetic nano-enzymes can reduce lipopolysaccharide-induced reactive oxygen generation and promote rapid detection of hydrogen peroxide and l-cysteine. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-022-00588-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Mo YN, Cheng F, Yang Z, Shang XF, Liang JP, Shang RF, Hao BC, Wang XH, Zhang HJ, Wali A, Lu CF, Liu Y. Antioxidant Activity and the Potential Mechanism of the Fruit From Ailanthus altissima Swingle. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:784898. [PMID: 34966812 PMCID: PMC8710717 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.784898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The fruits of Ailanthus altissima Swingle (AS) possess a variety of pharmacological activities. Its antioxidant activity and the potential mode of action have not yet been investigated. In in vitro studies, AS revealed the strong reducing power and DPPH scavenging effect, but hydroxyl radical scavenging activity and ferrous ions-chelating ability were not strong. Meanwhile, the oxidative stress RAW264.7 cell injury model was established, the low and medium-doses of AS showed significant protective effects on the viability of H2O2-treated cells by CCK-8 method. Besides, three doses of AS all increased the activities of SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px and decreased the MDA level compared with the H2O2 group, suggesting it significantly relieved oxidative stress of cells. The active ingredients and related targets of AS were collected by HERB and Swiss Target Prediction database, the common targets of drugs and diseases database were conducted by GeneCards database platform and the Venny platform. We screened the core targets of AS like threonine kinase1 (AKT1), mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1), sirtuin-1 (SIRT1), mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase (MTOR) by STRING database, and the key pathways involved PI3K-AKT and FoxO signaling pathway by KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. Besides, qRT-PCR revealed AS preconditioning significantly up-regulated the expression level of AKT1, SIRT1, MAPK1, and MTOR in model cells, and the effect was related to the regulation of FoxO and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. In summary, AS showed significant antioxidant activity and its potential mechanism was regulating FoxO and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Mo
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Feng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Shang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jian-Ping Liang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ruo-Feng Shang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bao-Cheng Hao
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xue-Hong Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hong-Juan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ahmidin Wali
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Chun-Fang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
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7
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Garcia C, Blesso CN. Antioxidant properties of anthocyanins and their mechanism of action in atherosclerosis. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 172:152-166. [PMID: 34087429 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis develops due to lipid accumulation in the arterial wall and sclerosis as result of increased hyperlipidemia, oxidative stress, lipid oxidation, and protein oxidation. However, improving antioxidant status through diet may prevent the progression of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. It is believed that polyphenol-rich plants contribute to the inverse relationship between fruit and vegetable intake and chronic disease. Anthocyanins are flavonoid polyphenols with antioxidant properties that have been associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease. The consumption of anthocyanins increases total antioxidant capacity, antioxidant defense enzymes, and HDL antioxidant properties by several measures in preclinical and clinical populations. Anthocyanins appear to impart antioxidant actions via direct antioxidant properties, as well as indirectly via inducing intracellular Nrf2 activation and antioxidant gene expression. These actions counter oxidative stress and inflammatory signaling in cells present in atherosclerotic plaques, including macrophages and endothelial cells. Overall, anthocyanins may protect against atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease through their effects on cellular antioxidant status, oxidative stress, and inflammation; however, their underlying mechanisms of action appear to be complex and require further elucidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea Garcia
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, United States
| | - Christopher N Blesso
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, United States.
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Li W, Li Z, Peng MJ, Zhang X, Chen Y, Yang YY, Zhai XX, Liu G, Cao Y. Oenothein B boosts antioxidant capacity and supports metabolic pathways that regulate antioxidant defense in Caenorhabditis elegans. Food Funct 2020; 11:9157-9167. [PMID: 33026384 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01635g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Oenothein B (OEB) has various biological functions, although few studies have focused on its effect on in vivo metabolic phenotypes. In the present study, the systematic antioxidant activity of OEB was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo, and the effect of OEB on metabolic pathways related to antioxidant capacity of Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) was explored. Our findings indicate that OEB exhibits great antioxidant capacity and ability to scavenge free radicals and that OEB treatment can protect RAW 264.7 macrophages from oxidative damage by increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, catalase (CAT) activity and glutathione (GSH) content and the corresponding gene expression (sod2, cat, gpx1), while decreasing malonic dialdehyde (MDA) content. Moreover, OEB treatment significantly reduced ROS accumulation under oxidative stress conditions and increased glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and decreased MDA content in C. elegans. Metabolomics analysis revealed that sixteen out of forty-two significantly altered metabolites were selected as potential biomarkers related to alterations in the antioxidant status of worms, including metabolic pathways involved in amino acid metabolism, taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, lipid metabolism, and purine metabolism. Overall, our results provide new insights into the effects of OEB treatment on antioxidant capacity and metabolism that suggest that OEB could be a potentially good source of natural antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Guangdong Research Center for Engineering Technology in Bioactive Natural Products, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ziyin Li
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Ming-Jun Peng
- Guangzhou Inspection of Food Control, Guangzhou 511400, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Guangdong Research Center for Engineering Technology in Bioactive Natural Products, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yunjiao Chen
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Guangdong Research Center for Engineering Technology in Bioactive Natural Products, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yu-Yu Yang
- Guangzhou Greencream Biotech Co., Ltd, Guangzhou 510663, China
| | | | - Guo Liu
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Guangdong Research Center for Engineering Technology in Bioactive Natural Products, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yong Cao
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Guangdong Research Center for Engineering Technology in Bioactive Natural Products, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Li W, Zhang X, Chen R, Li Y, Miao J, Liu G, Lan Y, Chen Y, Cao Y. HPLC fingerprint analysis of Phyllanthus emblica ethanol extract and their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 254:112740. [PMID: 32151757 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Phyllanthus emblica L. (P. emblica) as a medical plant has been used to treat diseases in Asia. It is famous for a wide range of biological activities, especially for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. However, quality control underlying the bioactivity of P. emblica fruits remains to be studied. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we evaluated the HPLC fingerprint and bioactivity of polyphenols extracted from P. emblica fruits grown in different habitats. RESULTS P. emblica fruits collected from 10 different habitats in Guangdong, Fujian, Yunnan, and Guangxi provinces in China were used to establish a simple and reliable HPLC fingerprint assay. Simultaneous quantification of three monophenols was also performed to determine assay quality and consistency. Additionally, chemical assessment of the different ethanolic extract (PEEE) from 10 P. emblica fruits demonstrated that they exhibited antioxidant activity by enhancing reducing power and total antioxidant capacity, scavenging hydroxyl radical and superoxide anion. PEEE protected RAW264.7 cells from oxidative damage by increasing glutathione content and total superoxide dismutase activity, suppressing MDA content. PEPE also alleviated lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 cells by decreasing release of pro-inflammatory mediators. Notably, the PEEE samples from Yunnan province showed the optimal antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects among all the PEEE samples. CONCLUSION In conclusion, The PEEE HPLC fingerprint may help improve P. emblica quality control, and P. emblica with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities may be potentially applied in functional foods or in adjuvant therapy for medicinal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Guangdong Research Center for Engineering Technology in Bioactive Natural Products, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Guangdong Research Center for Engineering Technology in Bioactive Natural Products, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Rong Chen
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Guangdong Research Center for Engineering Technology in Bioactive Natural Products, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yifeng Li
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Guangdong Research Center for Engineering Technology in Bioactive Natural Products, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jianyin Miao
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Guangdong Research Center for Engineering Technology in Bioactive Natural Products, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Guo Liu
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Guangdong Research Center for Engineering Technology in Bioactive Natural Products, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yaqi Lan
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Guangdong Research Center for Engineering Technology in Bioactive Natural Products, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yunjiao Chen
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Guangdong Research Center for Engineering Technology in Bioactive Natural Products, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Yong Cao
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Guangdong Research Center for Engineering Technology in Bioactive Natural Products, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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10
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Li W, Zhang X, He Z, Chen Y, Li Z, Meng T, Li Y, Cao Y. In vitro and in vivo antioxidant activity of eucalyptus leaf polyphenols extract and its effect on chicken meat quality and cecum microbiota. Food Res Int 2020; 136:109302. [PMID: 32846514 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
While eucalyptus leaf polyphenols extract (EPE) has been evaluated for its various bioactivities, few studies thus far have focused on its systemic antioxidant activity or its effects in chickens in relation to meat quality or the intestinal microbiome. Therefore, the goal of this study was to investigate the antioxidant activity of EPE in vitro and in vivo, and to evaluate its effect on chicken meat quality and cecum microbiota. In this study, EPE scavenged DPPH free radical, ABTS free radical, and superoxide radical, and showed strong reducing power in chemical-based assay. EPE protected RAW264.7 cells from H2O2-induced oxidative damage by improving total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity, catalase (CAT) activity and glutathione (GSH) content, decreasing malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Additionally, EPE dietary supplementation was found to increase chicken meat antioxidant levels and quality. Furthermore, chickens fed a diet supplemented with EPE had differentially changed cecal microbial compositions when compared to controls. EPE supplementation notably improved the α-diversity of the cecum. The Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and the relative abundance of Verrucomicrobia at the phylum level were clearly enhanced in the cecum with EPE supplementation (p < 0.05), with the relative abundance of Subdivision 5 genera incertae sedis and Aminivibrio enriched at genus level (p < 0.05). Therefore, these findings indicate that EPE is a good source of natural antioxidants and could be used as antioxidant supplements in animal feed and other foods, contributing to gut health improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Guangdong Research Center for Engineering Technology in Bioactive Natural Products, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Guangdong Research Center for Engineering Technology in Bioactive Natural Products, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zeqi He
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Guangdong Research Center for Engineering Technology in Bioactive Natural Products, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yunjiao Chen
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Guangdong Research Center for Engineering Technology in Bioactive Natural Products, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ziyin Li
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tianmeng Meng
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Guangdong Research Center for Engineering Technology in Bioactive Natural Products, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yifeng Li
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Guangdong Research Center for Engineering Technology in Bioactive Natural Products, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yong Cao
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Guangdong Research Center for Engineering Technology in Bioactive Natural Products, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Folium nelumbinis (Lotus leaf) volatile-rich fraction and its mechanisms of action against melanogenesis in B16 cells. Food Chem 2020; 330:127030. [PMID: 32535311 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This study was aimed at determining the influence of Folium nelumbinis (Lotus leaf) extracts on melanogenesis in vitro models of melanoma cell line. The anticancer activity of four fractions, including petroleum ether (PEE), n-hexane (HE), ethanol (EE), and ethyl acetate (EAE) from F. nelumbinis on B16 cell lines (C57BL/6J melanoma cell), were evaluated after 24 and 48 h treatment. Results showed that PEE as well as volatile-rich fractions of linolenic acid and linolenic acid ethyl ester significantly (p < 0.05) reduced tyrosinase activity and melanin content in B16 melanoma cells model. Meanwhile, PEE and its primarily contained compound triggered apoptosis of B16 cells in a dose-dependent way. These results demonstrated that PEE possessed effective activities against melanin and tyrosinase generations through the induction of apoptosis. Moreover, a relation between the volatile-rich fractions of F. nelumbinis and the anticancer effects was demonstrated as well.
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12
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Chou ST, Lin TH, Peng HY, Chao WW. Phytochemical profile of hot water extract of Glechoma hederacea and its antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Life Sci 2019; 231:116519. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.05.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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13
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Lee HH, Lee SG, Shin JS, Lee HY, Yoon K, Ji YW, Jang DS, Lee KT. p-Coumaroyl Anthocyanin Mixture Isolated from Tuber Epidermis of Solanum tuberosum Attenuates Reactive Oxygen Species and Pro-inflammatory Mediators by Suppressing NF-κB and STAT1/3 Signaling in LPS-Induced RAW264.7 Macrophages. Biol Pharm Bull 2018; 40:1894-1902. [PMID: 29093336 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b17-00362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we first reported the identification of four p-coumaroyl anthocyanins (petanin, peonanin, malvanin, and pelanin) from the tuber epidermis of colored potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv JAYOUNG). In this study, we investigated the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of a mixture of peonanin, malvanin, and pelanin (10 : 3 : 3; CAJY). CAJY displayed considerable radical scavenging capacity of 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), increased mRNA levels of the catalytic and modulatory subunit of glutamate cysteine ligase, and subsequent cellular glutathione content. These increases preceded the inhibition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. CAJY inhibited inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in a concentration-dependent manner at the protein, mRNA, and promoter activity levels. These inhibitions caused attendant decreases in the production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). CAJY suppressed the production and mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6. Molecular data revealed that CAJY inhibited the transcriptional activity and translocation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) and STAT3. Taken together, these results suggest that the anthocyanin mixture exerts anti-inflammatory effects in macrophages, at least in part by reducing ROS production and inactivating NF-κB and STAT 1/3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwi-Ho Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University.,Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University
| | - Suel-Gie Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University.,Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University
| | - Ji-Sun Shin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University
| | - Ho-Young Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University
| | - Kyungwon Yoon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University
| | - Yong Woo Ji
- Institute of Vision Research, Department of Opthalmology, Yonsei University
| | - Dae Sik Jang
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University
| | - Kyung-Tae Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University.,Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University
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14
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Lin Z, Altaf N, Li C, Chen M, Pan L, Wang D, Xie L, Zheng Y, Fu H, Han Y, Ji Y. Hydrogen sulfide attenuates oxidative stress-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation via S-sulfhydrating c-Jun at Cys269 in macrophages. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:2890-2900. [PMID: 29859240 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation are closely related to cardiovascular diseases. Although hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been shown to have powerful anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties, its role in macrophage inflammation was poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of H2S in the regulation of macrophage NLRP3 inflammasome activation. We reported here that H2S attenuated hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation, which led to caspase-1 activation and IL-1β production in macrophages. Moreover, H2S exerted its protective effects by lowering the generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS). Mechanistically, S-sulfhydration of c-Jun by H2S enhanced its transcriptional activity on SIRT3 and p62, which contributed to the decrease of mtROS production. S-sulfhydration sites are investigated by site directed mutagenesis. Findings showed that S-sulfhydrated c-Jun exerted its protective influences via a c-Jun Cys269-dependent manner. Moreover, the protective effects of H2S were absent in macrophage from SIRT3 knockout mice. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that H2S attenuates oxidative stress-induced mtROS production and NLRP3 inflammasome activation via S-sulfhydrating c-Jun at cysteine 269 in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Lin
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Naila Altaf
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Chen Li
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Mei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Lihong Pan
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Liping Xie
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yuan Zheng
- Animal Core Facility of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Heling Fu
- Animal Core Facility of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yi Han
- Departments of Geriatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
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Ganesan K, Xu B. Polyphenol-Rich Dry Common Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Their Health Benefits. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E2331. [PMID: 29113066 PMCID: PMC5713300 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are plant metabolites with potent anti-oxidant properties, which help to reduce the effects of oxidative stress-induced dreaded diseases. The evidence demonstrated that dietary polyphenols are of emerging increasing scientific interest due to their role in the prevention of degenerative diseases in humans. Possible health beneficial effects of polyphenols are based on the human consumption and their bioavailability. Common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are a greater source of polyphenolic compounds with numerous health promoting properties. Polyphenol-rich dry common beans have potential effects on human health, and possess anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory and anti-mutagenic and anti-carcinogenic properties. Based on the studies, the current comprehensive review aims to provide up-to-date information on the nutritional compositions and health-promoting effect of polyphenol-rich common beans, which help to explore their therapeutic values for future clinical studies. Investigation of common beans and their impacts on human health were obtained from various library databases and electronic searches (Science Direct PubMed, and Google Scholar).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Ganesan
- Food Science and Technology Program, Division of Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai 519087, China.
| | - Baojun Xu
- Food Science and Technology Program, Division of Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai 519087, China.
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Chao WW, Su CC, Peng HY, Chou ST. Melaleuca quinquenervia essential oil inhibits α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-induced melanin production and oxidative stress in B16 melanoma cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 34:191-201. [PMID: 28899502 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Essential oils are odorous, volatile products of plant secondary metabolism, which are found in many leaves and stems. They show important biological activities, which account for the development of aromatherapy used in complementary and alternative medicine. The essential oil extracted from Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cav.) S.T. Blake (paperbark) (MQ-EO) has various functional properties. PURPOSE The aim of this study is to investigate the chemical composition of MQ-EO by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and evaluate its tyrosinase inhibitory activity. METHODS Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-based metabolomics was used to identify 18 components in MQ-EO. The main components identified were 1,8-cineole (21.60%), α-pinene (15.93%), viridiflorol (14.55%), and α-terpineol (13.73%). B16 melanoma cells were treated with α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) in the presence of various concentrations of MQ-EO or its major compounds. Cell viability was accessed by MTT assay and cellular tyrosinase activity and melanin content were determined by using spectrophotographic methods. The antioxidant mechanism of MQ-EO in α-MSH stimulated B16 cells was also investigated. RESULTS In α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-stimulated murine B16 melanoma cells, MQ-EO, 1,8-cineole, α-pinene, and α-terpineol significantly reduced melanin content and tyrosinase activity. Moreover, MQ-EO, 1,8-cineole, α-pinene, and α-terpineol decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. In addition, restored glutathione (GSH) levels, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase activities were increased in α-MSH-stimulated B16 cells. MQ-EO not only decreased apoptosis but also reduced DNA damage in α-MSH stimulated B16 cells. These results showed that MQ-EO and its main components, 1,8-cineole, α-pinene, and α-terpineol, possessed potent anti-tyrosinase and anti-melanogenic activities besides the antioxidant properties. CONCLUSIONS The active functional components of MQ-EO were found to be 1,8-cineole, α-pinene, and α-terpineol. Consequently, the results of present study suggest that MQ-EO is non-cytotoxic and can be used as a skin-whitening agent, both medically and cosmetically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Wan Chao
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Kainan University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chi Su
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, 200, Sec. 7, Taiwan Boulevard, Shalu Dist., Taichung, 43301 Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Peng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tunghai University, Taiwan
| | - Su-Tze Chou
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, 200, Sec. 7, Taiwan Boulevard, Shalu Dist., Taichung, 43301 Taiwan.
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Wang H, Guo X, Liu J, Li T, Fu X, Liu RH. Comparative suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome activation with LPS-induced inflammation by blueberry extracts (Vaccinium spp.). RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra02562a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammation effects of blueberry extracts through NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huailing Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641
- China
| | - Xinbo Guo
- School of Food Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641
- China
- Department of Food Science
| | - Jie Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products
- College of Pharmacy
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
| | - Tong Li
- Department of Food Science
- Stocking Hall
- Cornell University
- Ithaca
- USA
| | - Xiong Fu
- School of Food Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641
- China
| | - Rui Hai Liu
- Department of Food Science
- Stocking Hall
- Cornell University
- Ithaca
- USA
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