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Lee KH, Kim SH, Park S, Jang HJ, Kim MJ, Yang HJ, Hur HJ, Kim JH, Kim MS. Functional Impact of the FADS1 rs174546 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism on Serum Lipid Levels: Insights from Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives in Korean Population. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024:e2400201. [PMID: 38961528 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202400201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1) gene is suggested as risk factor of metabolic diseases in genome-wide association studies (GWAS). This study hypothesized that FADS1_rs174546T associates with serum triglycerides (TG) in Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES). In addition, functional study of SNP genotypes in cultured cells is performed. METHODS AND RESULTS FADS1_rs174546T is associated with high level of serum TG (effect size of variant: 6.48 ± 1.84 mg dL-1) in Korean individuals (normotriglyceridemia, n = 5128; hypertriglyceridemia, n = 3714). Functional study in cells with FADS1_rs174546T, shows reduced transcriptional activity, when compared with rs174546C. MiR-6728-3p, which is predicted to bind with rs174546T, decreases transcriptional activity of rs174546T but not in rs174546C, and it is reversed by miR-6728-3p inhibitor. Formononetin is selected as binding molecule to 3'-UTR of FADS1 and increases luciferase activity in both rs174546 (C/T). Moreover, formononetin compensates for the reduced luciferase activity by rs174546T and miR-6728-3p. Formononetin also increases endogenous FADS1 expression and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) ratio. CONCLUSION FADS1_rs174546T is a crucial risk factor for hypertriglyceridemia in the Koreans potentially through the interaction with miR-6728-3p. Formononetin can be a potent dietary intervention to prevent and improve hypertriglyceridemia in both rs174546 (C/T) populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyun-Hee Lee
- Research Division of Food and Function, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, 55365, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Hee Kim
- Research Division of Food and Function, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, 55365, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunmin Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Hoseo University, 20, Hoseo-ro 79beon-gil, Asan-Si, 31499, Chungnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jun Jang
- Research Division of Food and Function, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, 55365, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Research Division of Food and Function, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, 55365, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jeong Yang
- Research Division of Food and Function, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, 55365, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeng Jeon Hur
- Research Division of Food and Function, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, 55365, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hee Kim
- Research Division of Food and Function, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, 55365, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Sunny Kim
- Research Division of Food and Function, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, 55365, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
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Park S. Interplay between polygenic variants related immune response and lifestyle factors mitigate the chances of stroke in a genome-wide association study. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:1813-1826. [PMID: 38374659 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114524000394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the intricate interplay between genetic predisposition and lifestyle factors on stroke. We conducted a comprehensive genome-wide association study to identify the genetic variants linked to stroke in the participants who experienced a stroke event (cases; n 672) and those with no stroke history (non-stroke; n 58 029) in a large hospital-based cohort. Using generalised multifactor dimensionality reduction, we identified genetic variants with interactive effects and constructed polygenic risk scores (PRS) by summing up the risk alleles from the genetic variants. Food intake was measured with a validated semi-quantitative FFQ. No significant differences in stroke incidence were seen in demographic variables between the two groups. Among the metabolic indicators, only serum TAG levels were higher in males with stroke than those without stroke. The daily nutrient intake, dietary inflammation index, glycaemic index, dietary patterns, alcohol consumption, exercise and smoking did not display associations with the OR for stroke. The stroke-linked genetic variants were related to the IL-18 pathway. After accounting for covariates, the PRS derived from the 5-, 6- and 7-SNP models were positively associated with stroke chance with 2·5-, 2·9- and 2·8-fold. Furthermore, interactions between genetic predisposition and dietary components, including energy, carbohydrates, n-3 fatty acids and branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), that affected OR for stroke were observed. A high intake of energy, carbohydrates and BCAA and a low intake of n-3 fatty acids were positively associated with the chances of stroke occurrence. In conclusion, understanding the interaction between genetic variants and lifestyle factors can assist in developing stroke prevention and management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunmin Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Hoseo University, ChungNam-Do, 336-795, Asan, South Korea
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Li X, Li B, Meng X, Yu F, Yu X, Zhao W, Wang Y, Gao H, Cheng M, Zhong L. Integrating Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation to Reveal the Mechanism of Vine Grape Tea Polyphenols on Hyperuricemia-Induced Renal Injury in Mice. J Med Food 2024; 27:312-329. [PMID: 38377550 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2023.k.0268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a metabolic disease and contributes to renal injury (RI). Vine grape tea polyphenols (VGTP) have been widely used to treat HUA and RI. However, the potential mechanism of VGTP activity remains unclear. To explore the underlying mechanism of VGTP treatment for HUA-induced RI based on network pharmacology that is confirmed by an in vivo study. All ingredients of VGTP were retrieved using a Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform and Comparative Toxicogenomics Database systems. The related targets of HUA and RI were obtained from GeneCards and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) databases. Some ingredients and targets were selected for molecular docking verification. One hour after administering potassium oxonate (300 mg/kg), VGTP (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/d) was orally administered to HUA mice for 4 weeks. Histopathology and western blotting were performed in renal tissue. Our results showed that VGTP significantly reduced blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, uric acid, and significantly improved the RI and fibrosis of HUA mice. There were 54 active ingredients and 62 targets of HUA-induced RI. Further studies showed that VGTP decreased the expression of Bax, cleaved caspase 3, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β1), CHOP, p-STAT3, and P53, and increased Bcl-2 expression in renal tissue. The related signaling pathways have apoptosis, TGF-β1, P53 and STAT, and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). In this study, VGTP exerted antihyperuricemic and anti fibrosis effects by regulating the apoptosis and ERS signaling pathways. VGTP is expected to become a drug for combating HUA and RI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Baoying Li
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Health Management Center (East Area), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xinyue Meng
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenqian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yajuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Haiqing Gao
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mei Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lihong Zhong
- Department of Pharmacy, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Wei P, Luo Q, Hou Y, Zhao F, Li F, Meng Q. Houttuynia Cordata Thunb.: A comprehensive review of traditional applications, phytochemistry, pharmacology and safety. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 123:155195. [PMID: 37956635 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Houttuynia Cordata Thunb. (H. cordata; Saururaceae) is a medicine food homology plant that is grown in many Asian countries. Its main phytochemical constituents are volatile oils, flavonoids, polysaccharides and alkaloids. It has considerable clinical applications and health benefits. PURPOSE This paper reviews the existing literatures and patents, summarizes the phytochemistry, pharmacological activity, safety and economic botanical applications of H. cordata, and provides a reference for systematic study of the pharmacological effects of H. cordata, improvement of quality standards and further development of its medicinal resources. METHODS A comprehensive search of literature and patents on H. cordata and its active ingredients published before June 2023 was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and China Knowledge Network. RESULTS H. cordata is not only edible and medicinal but also used in various aspects of daily life such as fermented beverages, nutraceuticals, feed and cosmetics. The main phytochemical constituents of H. cordata are volatile oils, flavonoids, organic acids and alkaloids. Several in vitro and in vivo studies and clinical trials have found that H. cordata extracts possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antibacterial, hepatoprotective and renal, immunomodulatory and potent antiviral effects. The mechanisms of expression of these pharmacological effects are related to the blood-brain barrier, lipophilicity, cAMP signaling and skin permeability, including blocking the MAPK signaling pathway, inhibiting the secretion of inflammatory factors such as TNF-α and IL-1β, and activating the AMPK pathway. CONCLUSION This paper provides a comprehensive review of the progress of research on the traditional applications, botany, chemical composition, pharmacological effects and safety of H. cordata and discusses for the first time the economic botanical aspects, which were not explored in the previous reviews. H. cordata has a wide range of bioactive substances whose therapeutic potential has not been fully exploited, and it could provide a new non-toxic approach to many diseases. This traditional medicinal food plant should receive more attention and in-depth research in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Qin Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Yun Hou
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical College, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Fenglan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Feng Li
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
| | - Qingguo Meng
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
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Lee YH, Park S. Genetic and Lifestyle-Related Factors Influencing Serum Hyper-Propionylcarnitine Concentrations and Their Association with Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Disease Risk. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15810. [PMID: 37958793 PMCID: PMC10647558 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The genetic and environmental determinants of serum propionylcarnitine concentrations (PC) remain largely unexplored. This study investigated the impact of genetic and environmental factors on serum propionylcarnitine levels in middle-aged and elderly participants from the Ansan/Ansung cohort of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. Our goal was to understand the role of PC on the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) leading to cardiovascular disease, particularly concerning branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism. We analyzed participants' demographic, lifestyle, and biochemical data with and without MetS. Serum metabolite concentrations, including carnitine, acylcarnitine, and amino acid concentrations, were measured, and the components of MetS were evaluated. Genetic variants associated with low and high PC were selected using genome-wide association studies after adjusting for MetS-related parameters. Further, genetic variants and lifestyle factors that interacted with the polygenic risk score (PRS) were analyzed. Participants with MetS were older and less educated, and their alcohol intake was higher than non-MetS participants. PC was significantly associated with the MetS risk and increased the serum levels of BCAAs and other amino acids. Higher PC positively correlated with MetS components, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular risk factors. Intake of calcium, sodium, and vitamin D were inversely associated with PC, but coffee consumption was positively linked to PC. Multiple C2 And Transmembrane Domain Containing-1 (MCTP1)_rs4290997, Kinesin Family Member-7 (KIF7)_rs2350480, Coagulation Factor-II (F2)_rs2070850, Peroxisomal Biogenesis Factor-3 (PEX3)_rs223231, TBC1 Domain Family Member-22A (TBC1D22A)_rs910543, and Phospholipase A2 Group-IV-C (PLA2G4C)_rs7252136 interact with each other to have a threefold influence on PC. The PRS for the six-genetic variant model also interacted with age; the diet rich in beans, potato, and kimchi; and smoking status, influencing PC. In conclusion, elevated PC was associated with MetS and cardiovascular disease risk, suggesting their potential as disease biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Hwa Lee
- Department of Cosmetic Biotechnology, Hoseo University, Asan 31499, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sunmin Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Institute of Basic Science, Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Hoseo University, Asan 31499, Republic of Korea
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Hur HJ, Yang HJ, Kim MJ, Lee K, Jang DJ, Kim MS, Park S. Interaction of energy and sulfur microbial diet and smoking status with polygenic variants associated with lipoprotein metabolism. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1244185. [PMID: 37860035 PMCID: PMC10582641 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1244185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hypo-high-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia (hypo-HDL-C) contributes to the development of cardiovascular diseases. The hypothesis that the polygenic variants associated with hypo-HDL-C interact with lifestyle factors was examined in 58,701 middle-aged Korean adults who participated in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES). Methods Participants were categorized into the Low-HDL (case; n = 16,980) and Normal-HDL (n = 41,721) groups. The participants in the Low-HDL group were selected using the guideline-based cutoffs for hypo-HDL-C (<40 mg/dL for men and < 50 mg/dL for women) and included those taking medication for dyslipidemia. The genes associated with hypo-HDL-C were determined through a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in a city hospital-based cohort, and the results were validated in the Ansan/Anung study. The genetic variants for the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-SNP interaction were selected using a generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction analysis, and the polygenic risk score (PRS) generated was evaluated for interaction with lifestyle parameters. Results The participants with hypo-HDL-C showed a 1.45 and 1.36-fold higher association with myocardial infarction and stroke, respectively. The High-PRS with four SNPs, namely ZPR1_rs3741297, CETP_rs708272, BUD13_rs180327, and ALDH1A2_rs588136, and that with the 11q23.3 haplotype were positively associated with hypo-HDL-C by about 3 times, which was a 2.4-fold higher association than the PRS of 24 SNP with p < 5×10-8. The risk alleles of CETP_rs708272 and ALDH1A2_rs588136 were linked to increased expression in the heart and decreased in the brain, respectively. The selected SNPs were linked to the reverse cholesterol transport pathway, triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle remodeling pathway, cholesterol storage, and macrophage-derived foam cell differentiation regulation. The PRS of the 4-SNP model interacted with energy intake and smoking status, while that of the haplotype interacted with a glycemic index of the diet, sulfur microbial diet, and smoking status. Discussion Adults with a genetic risk for hypo-HDL-C need to modulate their diet and smoking status to reduce their risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haeng Jeon Hur
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jeong Yang
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunhee Lee
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science & Technology, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Dai Ja Jang
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Sunny Kim
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science & Technology, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunmin Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Obesity, Diabetes Research Center, Hoseo University, Asan-si, Republic of Korea
- R&D, Yejunbio, Asan-si, Republic of Korea
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Choi Y, Kwon HK, Park S. Polygenic Variants Linked to Oxidative Stress and the Antioxidant System Are Associated with Type 2 Diabetes Risk and Interact with Lifestyle Factors. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1280. [PMID: 37372010 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is associated with insulin resistance and secretion, and antioxidant systems are essential for preventing and managing type 2 diabetes (T2DM). This study aimed to explore the polygenic variants linked to oxidative stress and the antioxidant system among those associated with T2DM and the interaction of their polygenic risk scores (PRSs) with lifestyle factors in a large hospital-based cohort (n = 58,701). Genotyping, anthropometric, biochemical, and dietary assessments were conducted for all participants with an average body mass index of 23.9 kg/m2. Genetic variants associated with T2DM were searched through genome-wide association studies in participants with T2DM (n = 5383) and without T2DM (n = 53,318). The Gene Ontology database was searched for the antioxidant systems and oxidative stress-related genes among the genetic variants associated with T2DM risk, and the PRS was generated by summing the risk alleles of selected ones. Gene expression according to the genetic variant alleles was determined on the FUMA website. Food components with low binding energy to the GSTA5 protein generated from the wildtype and mutated GSTA5_rs7739421 (missense mutation) genes were selected using in silico analysis. Glutathione metabolism-related genes, including glutathione peroxidase (GPX)1 and GPX3, glutathione disulfide reductase (GSR), peroxiredoxin-6 (PRDX6), glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC), glutathione S-transferase alpha-5 (GSTA5), and gamma-glutamyltransferase-1 (GGT1), were predominantly selected with a relevance score of >7. The PRS related to the antioxidant system was positively associated with T2DM (ORs = 1.423, 95% CI = 1.22-1.66). The active site of the GASTA proteins having valine or leucine at 55 due to the missense mutation (rs7739421) had a low binding energy (<-10 kcal/mol) similarly or differently to some flavonoids and anthocyanins. The PRS interacted with the intake of bioactive components (specifically dietary antioxidants, vitamin C, vitamin D, and coffee) and smoking status (p < 0.05). In conclusion, individuals with a higher PRS related to the antioxidant system may have an increased risk of T2DM, and there is a potential indication that exogenous antioxidant intake may alleviate this risk, providing insights for personalized strategies in T2DM prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngjin Choi
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Hoseo University, Asan 31499, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk-Ku Kwon
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Hoseo University, Asan 31499, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunmin Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Hoseo University, Asan 31499, Republic of Korea
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Ho TY, Lo HY, Lu GL, Liao PY, Hsiang CY. Analysis of target organs of Houttuynia cordata: A study on the anti-inflammatory effect of upper respiratory system. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023:116687. [PMID: 37244408 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Houttuynia cordata Thunb. (HC) is a traditional anti-pyretic herb that is classified as the lung meridian in traditional Chinese medicine. However, no articles have explored the main organs responsible for the anti-inflammatory activities of HC. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of the study was to investigate the meridian tropism theory of HC in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced pyretic mice, as well as to identify the underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Transgenic mice carrying the luciferase gene driven by nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) were intraperitoneally injected with LPS and orally administered standardized concentrated HC aqueous extract. The phytochemicals present in the HC extract were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography. In vivo and ex vivo luminescent imaging from transgenic mice was used to investigate the meridian tropism theory and anti-inflammatory effects of HC. Microarray analysis of gene expression patterns was used to elucidate the therapeutic mechanisms of HC. RESULTS HC extract was found to contain phenolic acids, such as protocatechuic acid (4.52%) and chlorogenic acid (8.12%), as well as flavonoids like rutin (2.05%) and quercitrin (7.73%). The bioluminescent intensities induced by LPS in the heart, liver, respiratory system, and kidney were significantly suppressed by HC, while the maximal decrease (about 90% reduction) of induced luminescent intensity was observed in the upper respiratory tract. These data suggested that upper respiratory system might be the target for HC anti-inflammatory abilities. HC affected the processes involved in innate immunity, such as chemokine-mediated signaling pathway, inflammatory response, chemotaxis, neutrophil chemotaxis, and cellular response to interleukin-1 (IL-1). Moreover, HC significantly reduced the proportions of p65-stained cells and the amount of IL-1β in trachea tissues. CONCLUSION Bioluminescent imaging coupled with gene expression profile was used to demonstrate the organ selectivity, anti-inflammatory effects, and therapeutic mechanisms of HC. Our data demonstrated for the first time that HC displayed lung meridian-guiding effects and exhibited great anti-inflammatory potential in the upper respiratory tract. The NF-κB and IL-1β pathways were associated with the anti-inflammatory mechanism of HC against LPS-provoked airway inflammation. Moreover, chlorogenic acid and quercitrin might be involved in the anti-inflammatory properties of HC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tin-Yun Ho
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 404333, Taiwan; Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology Asia University, Taichung, 413305, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Lo
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 404333, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Ling Lu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, 404333, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yung Liao
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 404333, Taiwan; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, 500209, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yun Hsiang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, 404333, Taiwan.
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Tang J, Zhou L, Yuan G, Liu Y, Shi X, Lu Y, Chen D. Therapeutic effects on H1N1-induced pneumonia in mice and intestinal bacteria biotransformation of four main flavonoids from Houttuynia cordata Thunb. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 233:115469. [PMID: 37244222 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids widely exist in a large number of Chinese herbal medicines with antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties. Houttuynia cordata Thunb. is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine for heat-clearing and detoxification. In our previous research, total flavonoids from H. cordata (HCTF) effectively alleviated H1N1-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice. In this study, 8 flavonoids were recognized from HCTF (containing 63.06 % ± 0.26 % of total flavonoids, as quercitrin equivalents) by UPLC-LTQ-MS/MS. Four main flavonoid glycosides in HCTF (rutin, hyperoside, isoquercitrin and quercitrin) and their common aglycone quercetin (100 mg/kg) all showed therapeutic effects on H1N1-induced ALI in mice. The two flavonoids (hyperoside and quercitrin) with higher contents and quercetin showed stronger therapeutic effects on H1N1-induced ALI in mice. Hyperoside, quercitrin and quercetin significantly reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory factors, chemokines, or neuraminidase activity compared with the same dose of HCTF (p < 0.05). The results of mice intestinal bacteria biotransformation in vitro showed that quercetin was the main metabolite. The conversion rates of hyperoside and quercitrin were significantly higher by the intestinal bacteria under the pathological state (0.81 ± 0.02 and 0.91 ± 0.01, respectively) than normal state (0.18 ± 0.01 and 0.18 ± 0.12, respectively, p < 0.001). Our findings showed that hyperoside and quercitrin were the main efficacious components of HCTF for treating H1N1-induced ALI in mice and could be metabolized to quercetin by intestinal bacteria in pathological state to exert their effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayue Tang
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lishuang Zhou
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoqi Yuan
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xunlong Shi
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Daofeng Chen
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Park S. Height-Related Polygenic Variants Are Associated with Metabolic Syndrome Risk and Interact with Energy Intake and a Rice-Main Diet to Influence Height in KoGES. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071764. [PMID: 37049604 PMCID: PMC10096788 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult height is inversely related to metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk, but its genetic impacts have not been revealed. The present study aimed to examine the hypothesis that adult height-related genetic variants interact with lifestyle to influence adult height and are associated with MetS risk in adults aged >40 in Korea during 2010–2014. Participants were divided into short stature (SS; control) and tall stature (TS; case) by the 85th percentile of adult height. The genetic variants linked to adult height were screened from a genome-wide association study in a city hospital-based cohort (n = 58,701) and confirmed in Ansan/Ansung plus rural cohorts (n = 13,783) among the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. Genetic variants that interacted with each other were identified using the generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) analysis. The interaction between the polygenic risk score (PRS) of the selected genetic variants and lifestyles was examined. Adult height was inversely associated with MetS, cardiovascular diseases, and liver function. The PRS, including zinc finger and BTB domain containing 38 (ZBTB38)_rs6762722, polyadenylate-binding protein-interacting protein-2B (PAIP2B)_rs13034890, carboxypeptidase Z (CPZ)_rs3756173, and latent-transforming growth factor beta-binding protein-1 (LTBP1)_rs4630744, was positively associated with height by 1.29 times and inversely with MetS by 0.894 times after adjusting for covariates. In expression quantitative trait loci, the gene expression of growth/differentiation factor-5 (GDF5)_rs224331, non-SMC condensin I complex subunit G (NCAPG)_rs2074974, ligand-dependent nuclear receptor corepressor like (LCORL)_rs7700107, and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R)_rs2871865 was inversely linked to their risk allele in the tibial nerve and brain. The gene expression of PAIP2B_rs13034890 and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs-like-3 (ADAMTSL3)_rs13034890 was positively related to it. The PRS was inversely associated with MetS, hyperglycemia, HbA1c, and white blood cell counts. The wild type of GDF5_rs224331 (Ala276) lowered binding energy with rugosin A, D, and E (one of the hydrolyzable tannins) but not the mutated one (276Ser) in the in-silico analysis. The PRS interacted with energy intake and rice-main diet; PRS impact was higher in the high energy intake and the low rice-main diet. In conclusion, the PRS for adult height interacted with energy intake and diet patterns to modulate height and was linked to height and MetS by modulating their expression in the tibial nerve and brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunmin Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Hoseo University, 165 Sechul-Ri, BaeBang-Yup, Asan-Si 336-795, ChungNam-Do, Republic of Korea
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11
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Lin CK, Chen BY, Ting JU, Rogio KGG, Tsai PW, Liu YC. Deciphering Houttuynia cordata extract as electron shuttles with anti-COVID-19 activity and its performance in microbial fuel cells. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2023; 145:104838. [PMID: 37051508 PMCID: PMC10068517 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2023.104838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Traditional herbal medicines usually contain electron shuttle (ES)-like structures compounds which are potential candidates for antiviral compounds selection. Houttuynia cordata is applied as a biomaterial to decipher its potential applications in bioenergy extraction in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) and anti-COVID-19 via molecular docking evaluation. Methods H. cordata leaves extracts by water and 60% ethanol solvent were analyzed for total polyphenols, antioxidant activity, cyclic voltammetry (CV), and MFCs. The bioactive compounds of H. cordata leaves extracts were assayed via LC/MS analysis. Identification of the marker substances for potential antiviral activity using a molecular docking model was provided. Significant findings 60% ethanol extract exhibits the highest total polyphenols and antioxidant activity compared with water extracts. Bioenergy extraction in MFCs showed that 60% ethanol extracts could give 1.76-fold more power generation compared to the blank. Flavonoids and their sugar-to-glycan ratios increased after CV scanning and they are expected to be effective ES substances. Quercitrin, from the H. cordata extract that shares an ES-like structure, was found to exhibit strong binding affinities towards ACE2 and RdRp. This indicated the potential of H. cordata leaves as a promising antiviral herb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Kai Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Yann Chen
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National I-Lan University, I-Lan 260, Taiwan
| | - Jasmine U Ting
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, De La Salle University, Metro Manila 1004, Philippines
| | - Kristian Gil G Rogio
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Metro Manila 1002, Philippines
| | - Po-Wei Tsai
- Department of Medical Science Industries, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan 711, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chuan Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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Park S, Liu M, Huang S. Association of Polygenic Variants Involved in Immunity and Inflammation with Duodenal Ulcer Risk and Their Interaction with Irregular Eating Habits. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15020296. [PMID: 36678166 PMCID: PMC9863374 DOI: 10.3390/nu15020296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic and environmental factors are associated with developing and progressing duodenal ulcer (DU) risk. However, the exact nature of the disease pathophysiology and the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-lifestyle interaction has yet to be determined. The purpose of the present study was to examine the SNPs linked to DU risk and their interaction with lifestyles and diets in a large hospital-based cohort of Asians. Based on an earlier diagnosis, the participants were divided into the DU (case; n = 1088) and non-DU (control, n = 56,713) groups. The SNP associated with DU risk were obtained from a genome-wide association study (GWAS), and those promoted genetic impact with SNP-SNP interactions were identified with generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction analysis. The interaction between polygenic risk score (PRS) calculated from the selected genetic variants and nutrient were examined. They were related to actin modification, immune response, and cell migration by modulating leucine-rich repeats (LRR) domain binding, Shaffer interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) targets in myeloma vs. mature B lymphocyte, and Reactome runt-related transcription factor 3 (RUNX3). Among the selected SNPs, rs11230563 (R225W) showed missense mutation and low binding affinity with different food components in the autodock analysis. Glycyrrhizin, physalin B, janthitrem F, and casuarinin lowered it in only wild CD6 protein but not in mutated CD6. Plastoquinone 8, solamargine, saponin D, and matesaponin 2 decreased energy binding affinity in mutated CD6 proteins. The PRS of the 5-SNP and 6-SNP models exhibited a positive association with DU risk (OR = 3.14). The PRS of the 5-SNP PRS model interacted with irregular eating habits and smoking status. In participants with irregular eating habits or smokers, DU incidence was much higher in the participants with high PRS than in those with low PRS. In conclusion, the genetic impact of DU risk was mainly in regulating immunity, inflammation, and actin modification. Adults who are genetically susceptible to DU need to eat regularly and to be non-smokers. The results could be applied to personalize nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunmin Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Hoseo University, Asan 31499, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioconvergence, Hoseo University, Asan 31499, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-41-540-5345
| | - Meiling Liu
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Hoseo University, Asan 31499, Republic of Korea
| | - Shaokai Huang
- Department of Bioconvergence, Hoseo University, Asan 31499, Republic of Korea
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Network Pharmacology-Based Investigation on Therapeutic Mechanisms of the Angelica dahurica Radix and Ligusticum chuanxiong Rhizoma Herb Pair for Anti-Migraine Effect. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11172196. [PMID: 36079577 PMCID: PMC9460128 DOI: 10.3390/plants11172196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Migraines are a common neurological disorder characterized by desperate throbbing unilateral headaches and are related to phonophobia, photophobia, nausea, and vomiting. The Angelica dahurica Radix and Ligusticum chuanxiong Rhizoma herb pair (ALHP) has been used to treat migraines for centuries in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). However, the physiological mechanisms of migraine treatment have not yet been elucidated. In this study, a total of 50 hub targets related to the effect of 28 bioactive compounds in ALHP on anti-migraine were obtained through network pharmacology analysis. GO and KEGG analyses of the hub targets demonstrated that ALHP treatment of migraines significantly involved the G-protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, chemical synaptic transmission, inflammatory response, and other biological processes. According to the degree of gene targets in the network, ACE, SLC3A6, NR3CI, MAPK1, PTGS2, PIK3CA, RELA, GRIN1, GRM5, IL1B, and DRD2 were found to be the core gene targets. The docking results showed a high affinity for docked conformations between compounds and predicted targets. The results of this study suggest that ALHP could treat migraines by regulating immunological functions, diminishing inflammation, and improving immunity through different physiological pathways, which contributes to the scientific base for more in-depth research as well as for a more widespread clinical application of ALHP.
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Quality and Metabolomics Analysis of Houttuynia cordata Based on HS-SPME/GC-MS. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27123921. [PMID: 35745045 PMCID: PMC9228095 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Houttuynia cordata is a medicinal and edible plant with a wide biological interest. Many parts were discarded due to various modes of consumption, resulting in resource waste. In this study, a comprehensive study was conducted on various edible indicators and medicinal components of Houttuynia cordata to understand its edible and medicinal value. The edible indexes of each root, stem, and leaf were determined, and the metabolites of different parts were investigated using the headspace solid-phase micro-extraction technique (HS-SPME-GC-MS). The differential metabolites were screened by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and clustering analysis. The results of the study showed that the parts of Houttuynia cordata with high edibility values as a vegetable were mainly the roots and leaves, with the highest vitamin C content in the roots and the highest total flavonoids, soluble sugars, and total protein in the leaves. The nutrient content of all the stems of Houttuynia cordata was lower and significantly different from the roots and leaves (p < 0.05). In addition, 209 metabolites were isolated from Houttuynia cordata, 135 in the roots, 146 in the stems, 158 in the leaves, and 91 shared metabolites. The clustering analysis and OPLS-DA found that the parts of Houttuynia cordata can be mainly divided into above-ground parts (leaves and stems) and underground parts (roots). When comparing the differential metabolites between the above-ground parts and underground parts, it was found that the most important medicinal component of Houttuynia cordata, 2-undecanone, was mainly concentrated in the underground parts. The cluster analysis resulted in 28 metabolites with up-regulation and 17 metabolites with down-regulation in the underground parts. Most of the main components of the underground part have pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial and antiviral, which are more suitable for drug development. Furthermore, the above-ground part has more spice components and good antioxidant capacity, which is suitable for the extraction of edible flavors. Therefore, by comparing and analyzing the differences between the edible and medicinal uses of different parts of Houttuynia cordata as a medicinal and food plant, good insights can be obtained into food development, pharmaceutical applications, agricultural development, and the hygiene and cosmetic industries. This paper provides a scientific basis for quality control and clinical use.
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