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Leite PB, Dâmaso AR, Poli VS, Sanches RB, Silva SGA, Fidalgo JPN, Nascimento MA, de Oliveira CAM, Caranti DA. Long-term interdisciplinary therapy decreases symptoms of binge eating disorder and prevalence of metabolic syndrome in adults with obesity. Nutr Res 2017; 40:57-64. [PMID: 28473061 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Obesity-associated comorbidities greatly impact the quality and expectancy of life. Binge eating disorder (BED) is the most prevalent eating disorder and it is an important risk factor for obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS). For these reasons, we aimed to assess the effect of an interdisciplinary therapy on the symptoms of BED and the prevalence of MetS in obese adults. It was hypothesized that the interdisciplinary therapy would decrease symptoms of BED and markers of MetS. Twenty-four volunteers (BMI 34.80±3.17 kg/m2; 41.21±6.28 years old) completed a 32-week intervention. Biochemical characteristics, body composition, the degree of symptoms of binge eating, and macronutrients, and sodium consumption pre- and post-treatment were determined. The prevalence of MetS dropped from 75% to 45.8%, post-therapy. Among the markers of MetS, waist circumference and systolic blood pressure decreased significantly, whereas high-density lipoprotein levels increased. Fasting plasma glucose, diastolic blood pressure, and triglycerides did not change. Based on binge-eating scale (BES) scores, before therapy, 33.3% of volunteers were classified as moderate bingers, and after therapy all volunteers were classified as having no BED symptoms. No difference in the prevalence of MetS between individuals classified as normal or moderate bingers was observed, but we found a positive post-therapy correlation between the BES score and body fat, gynoid fat and trunk fat. Sodium, fat, and carbohydrate consumption decreased. Protein intake did not change. In conclusion, the interdisciplinary approach was efficient in reducing symptoms of BED and MetS prevalence in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Bresciani Leite
- Post-Graduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP, Santos, (SP), Brazil; Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Metabolic Disease, Obesity Study Group (GEO), Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP, Santos, (SP), Brazil; Laboratory of Experimental Diabetes and Cell Signaling (LADESC), Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP, Santos, (SP), Brazil
| | - Ana Raimunda Dâmaso
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Metabolic Disease, Obesity Study Group (GEO), Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP, Santos, (SP), Brazil
| | - Vanessa Schoenardie Poli
- Interdisciplinary Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP, Santos, (SP), Brazil; Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Metabolic Disease, Obesity Study Group (GEO), Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP, Santos, (SP), Brazil
| | - Ricardo Badan Sanches
- Interdisciplinary Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP, Santos, (SP), Brazil; Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Metabolic Disease, Obesity Study Group (GEO), Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP, Santos, (SP), Brazil
| | - Stephan Garcia Andrade Silva
- Interdisciplinary Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP, Santos, (SP), Brazil; Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Metabolic Disease, Obesity Study Group (GEO), Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP, Santos, (SP), Brazil
| | - João Pedro Novo Fidalgo
- Interdisciplinary Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP, Santos, (SP), Brazil; Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Metabolic Disease, Obesity Study Group (GEO), Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP, Santos, (SP), Brazil
| | - Maythe Amaral Nascimento
- Interdisciplinary Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP, Santos, (SP), Brazil; Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Metabolic Disease, Obesity Study Group (GEO), Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP, Santos, (SP), Brazil
| | - Camila Aparecida Machado de Oliveira
- Post-Graduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP, Santos, (SP), Brazil; Interdisciplinary Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP, Santos, (SP), Brazil; Laboratory of Experimental Diabetes and Cell Signaling (LADESC), Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP, Santos, (SP), Brazil; Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP, Santos, (SP), Brazil
| | - Danielle Arisa Caranti
- Post-Graduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP, Santos, (SP), Brazil; Interdisciplinary Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP, Santos, (SP), Brazil; Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Metabolic Disease, Obesity Study Group (GEO), Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP, Santos, (SP), Brazil; Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP, Santos, (SP), Brazil.
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Abstract
This narrative review provides an overview of the epidemiology of binge eating disorder (BED), highlighting the medical history of this disorder and its entry as an independent condition in the Feeding and Eating Disorders section of the recently published Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition. Estimates of prevalence are provided, as well as recognition that the female to male ratio is lower in BED than in other eating disorders. Evidence is also provided of the most common comorbidities of BED, including mood and anxiety disorders and a range of addiction disorders. In addition, discussion of the viewpoint that BED itself may be an addiction - at least in severe cases - is presented. Although the genetic study of BED is still in its infancy, current research is reviewed with a focus on certain neurotransmitter genes that regulate brain reward mechanisms. To date, a focal point of this research has been on the dopamine and the μ-opioid receptor genes. Preliminary evidence suggests that a predisposing risk factor for BED may be a heightened sensitivity to reward, which could manifest as a strong dopamine signal in the brain's striatal region. Caution is encouraged, however, in the interpretation of current findings, since samples are relatively small in much of the research. To date, no genome-wide association studies have focused exclusively on BED.
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