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Liu YL, Zhang B, Chu H, Chen Y. Network meta-analysis made simple: a composite likelihood approach. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.06.19.24309163. [PMID: 38947001 PMCID: PMC11213057 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.19.24309163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Network meta-analysis, also known as mixed treatments comparison meta-analysis or multiple treatments meta-analysis, extends conventional pairwise meta-analysis by simultaneously synthesizing multiple interventions in a single integrated analysis. Despite the growing popularity of network metaanalysis within comparative effectiveness research, it comes with potential challenges. For example, within-study correlations among treatment comparisons are rarely reported in the published literature. Yet, these correlations are pivotal for valid statistical inference. As demonstrated in earlier studies, ignoring these correlations can inflate mean squared errors of the resulting point estimates and lead to inaccurate standard error estimates. This paper introduces a composite likelihood-based approach that ensures accurate statistical inference without requiring knowledge of the within-study correlations. The proposed method is computationally robust and efficient, with substantially reduced computational time compared to the state-of-the-science methods implemented in R packages. The proposed method was evaluated through extensive simulations and applied to two important applications including a network meta-analysis comparing interventions for primary open-angle glaucoma, and another comparing treatments for chronic prostatitis and chronic pelvic pain syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Lun Liu
- Peter O'Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Bingyu Zhang
- Center for Health AI and Synthesis of Evidence, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Applied Mathematics and Computational Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Haitao Chu
- Statistical Research and Data Science, Pfizer Inc., New York, NY, USA
| | - Yong Chen
- Center for Health AI and Synthesis of Evidence, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Applied Mathematics and Computational Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Medicine Center for Evidence-based Practice, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Patton GN, Lee HJ. Chemical Insights into Topical Agents in Intraocular Pressure Management: From Glaucoma Etiopathology to Therapeutic Approaches. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:274. [PMID: 38399328 PMCID: PMC10891530 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16020274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma encompasses a group of optic neuropathies characterized by complex and often elusive etiopathology, involvihttng neurodegeneration of the optic nerve in conjunction with abnormal intraocular pressure (IOP). Currently, there is no cure for glaucoma, and treatment strategies primarily aim to halt disease progression by managing IOP. This review delves into the etiopathology, diagnostic methods, and treatment approaches for glaucoma, with a special focus on IOP management. We discuss a range of active pharmaceutical ingredients used in glaucoma therapy, emphasizing their chemical structure, pharmacological action, therapeutic effectiveness, and safety/tolerability profiles. Notably, most of these therapeutic agents are administered as topical formulations, a critical aspect considering patient compliance and drug delivery efficiency. The classes of glaucoma therapeutics covered in this review include prostaglandin analogs, beta blockers, alpha agonists, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, Rho kinase inhibitors, and miotic (cholinergic) agents. This comprehensive overview highlights the importance of topical administration in glaucoma treatment, offering insights into the current state and future directions of pharmacological management in glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hyuck Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry Education, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea;
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Paul C. Efficacy of preserved Tafluprost 0.0015% in lowering intraocular pressure. Indian J Ophthalmol 2023; 71:3652-3657. [PMID: 37991299 PMCID: PMC10788757 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_3312_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering effect of topical preserved tafluprost 0.0015% in a tertiary hospital setting in India. METHODS This is a retrospective chart review of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) or ocular hypertension (OHT) attending regular outpatient visits in December 2019 and January 2021, and treated with topical preserved tafluprost 0.0015%. Based on their medication history, patients were divided into two groups, the "treatment naïve" group and the "switched" group, which included patients switched to tafluprost monotherapy after treatment with at least one prior drug. RESULTS The mean IOP of the study population reduced significantly from baseline level by 20.6% and 25.5% at 1 month and 3 months after preserved tafluprost 0.0015% treatment (P < 0.001 for both). The mean IOP in patients with only OHT reduced significantly from baseline level by 21% and 26% at 1 month and 3 months after preserved tafluprost 0.0015% treatment (P < 0.001 for both). The mean IOP in patients with POAG reduced significantly from baseline level by 19% and 24% at 1 month and 3 months after preserved tafluprost 0.0015% treatment (P < 0.001 for both). The baseline IOP ± SD in POAG treatment naïve patients was 25.3 ± 0.3 mmHg, which reduced significantly by 24% and 28% at 1 month and 3 months after preserved tafluprost 0.0015% treatment (P < 0.001 for both). The baseline IOP ± SD in POAG switched patients was 24.3 ± 0.1 mmHg, which reduced significantly by 18% and 22% at 1 month and 3 months after preserved tafluprost 0.0015% treatment (P < 0.001 for both). In the POAG switch group, the percent reduction in IOP at 3 months after preserved tafluprost 0.0015% treatment was 23% with timolol as first line, 22% with bimatoprost as first line, 20% with latanoprost as first line, and 19% with travoprost as first line (P < 0.001 for all). CONCLUSIONS We show significant IOP reduction with preserved tafluprost 0.0015% in a real-world setting. As first-line monotherapy in patients with OHT and in POAG-naïve patients, preserved tafluprost 0.0015% significantly reduced IOP at 3 months. Even as second-line therapy in nonresponders (POAG-Switched) to various drugs (same class [PGAs] versus different class), treatment with preserved tafluprost 0.0015% resulted in significant IOP reduction at 3 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrima Paul
- Glaucoma Service, B B Eye Foundation, “Sukhsagar”, 2/5, Sarat Bose Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Sikiric P, Kokot A, Kralj T, Zlatar M, Masnec S, Lazic R, Loncaric K, Oroz K, Sablic M, Boljesic M, Antunovic M, Sikiric S, Strbe S, Stambolija V, Beketic Oreskovic L, Kavelj I, Novosel L, Zubcic S, Krezic I, Skrtic A, Jurjevic I, Boban Blagaic A, Seiwerth S, Staresinic M. Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157-Possible Novel Therapy of Glaucoma and Other Ocular Conditions. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1052. [PMID: 37513963 PMCID: PMC10385428 DOI: 10.3390/ph16071052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 therapy by activation of collateral pathways counteracted various occlusion/occlusion-like syndromes, vascular, and multiorgan failure, and blood pressure disturbances in rats with permanent major vessel occlusion and similar procedures disabling endothelium function. Thereby, we revealed BPC 157 cytoprotective therapy with strong vascular rescuing capabilities in glaucoma therapy. With these capabilities, BPC 157 therapy can recover glaucomatous rats, normalize intraocular pressure, maintain retinal integrity, recover pupil function, recover retinal ischemia, and corneal injuries (i.e., maintained transparency after complete corneal abrasion, corneal ulceration, and counteracted dry eye after lacrimal gland removal or corneal insensitivity). The most important point is that in glaucomatous rats (three of four episcleral veins cauterized) with high intraocular pressure, all BPC 157 regimens immediately normalized intraocular pressure. BPC 157-treated rats exhibited normal pupil diameter, microscopically well-preserved ganglion cells and optic nerve presentation, normal fundus presentation, nor- mal retinal and choroidal blood vessel presentation, and normal optic nerve presentation. The one episcleral vein rapidly upgraded to accomplish all functions in glaucomatous rats may correspond with occlusion/occlusion-like syndromes of the activated rescuing collateral pathway (azygos vein direct blood flow delivery). Normalized intraocular pressure in glaucomatous rats corresponded to the counteracted intra-cranial (superior sagittal sinus), portal, and caval hypertension, and aortal hypotension in occlusion/occlusion-like syndromes, were all attenuated/eliminated by BPC 157 therapy. Furthermore, given in other eye disturbances (i.e., retinal ischemia), BPC 157 instantly breaks a noxious chain of events, both at an early stage and an already advanced stage. Thus, we further advocate BPC 157 as a therapeutic agent in ocular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Predrag Sikiric
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Antonio Kokot
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, J.J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Tamara Kralj
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mirna Zlatar
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sanja Masnec
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ratimir Lazic
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Kristina Loncaric
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Katarina Oroz
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marko Sablic
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, J.J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marta Boljesic
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, J.J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marko Antunovic
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Suncana Sikiric
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sanja Strbe
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vasilije Stambolija
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Ivana Kavelj
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Luka Novosel
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Slavica Zubcic
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan Krezic
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Anita Skrtic
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Jurjevic
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Alenka Boban Blagaic
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sven Seiwerth
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mario Staresinic
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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5
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Effects of Tafluprost on Ocular Blood Flow. Ophthalmol Ther 2022; 11:1991-2003. [DOI: 10.1007/s40123-022-00566-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
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Katsanos A, Riva I, Bozkurt B, Holló G, Quaranta L, Oddone F, Irkec M, Dutton GN, Konstas AG. A new look at the safety and tolerability of prostaglandin analogue eyedrops in glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2021; 21:525-539. [PMID: 34666576 DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2022.1996560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In the last 25 years, topical prostaglandin analogues (PGAs) have emerged to become first line and first choice therapeutic options in the management of glaucoma and ocular hypertension (OHT). Although the short-term efficacy and safety of PGAs has been extensively investigated, less is known about their long term safety and tolerability. This gap in current knowledge is clinically relevant, because treatment-related adverse events and long-term tolerability issues are key determinants of the overall success of long-term therapy and the final outcome of a lifelong, symptomless disease like glaucoma. AREAS COVERED We include selected evidence pertaining to the safety and tolerability of available and emerging PGA formulations. We also outline PGA formulations with different concentrations of the active ingredient, different preservatives, and preservative-free (PF) options. EXPERT OPINION Undoubtedly PGAs will continue to play a major role in the medical therapy of glaucoma and OHT. Despite extensive literature and prolonged clinical experience with these agents worldwide, a number of areas that warrant further research have been identified in the present review. Recently launched novel PGAs, or those still in development offer new opportunities and future challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Katsanos
- Ophthalmology Department, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Ivano Riva
- Istituto Clinico Sant'Anna, Brescia, Italy
| | - Banu Bozkurt
- Department of Ophthalmology, Selcuk University School of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
| | - Gábor Holló
- Tutkimusz Ltd, Solymar, Hungary.,Eye Center, Prima Medica Health Centers, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Luciano Quaranta
- Department of Surgical and Clinical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, Section of Ophthalmology, University of Pavia, Irccs Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Murat Irkec
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gordon N Dutton
- Department of Vision Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
| | - Anastasios G Konstas
- 1st and 3rd University Departments of Ophthalmology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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7
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Analysis of the Responsiveness of Latanoprost, Travoprost, Bimatoprost, and Tafluprost in the Treatment of OAG/OHT Patients. J Ophthalmol 2021; 2021:5586719. [PMID: 34123413 PMCID: PMC8169256 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5586719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Within the clinical setting, some patients have been identified as lacking in response to PGAs. This meta-analysis study aimed to evaluate the responsiveness of latanoprost, travoprost, bimatoprost, and tafluprost in OAG/OHT patients, latanoprost nonresponders (LNRs), and the IOP-reducing efficacy and safety. Methods A literature search was conducted on PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register. The primary clinical endpoint was the number of responders at the end of the study. The secondary clinical endpoint was the IOP reduction at the endpoint from baseline. Safety evaluation included five common adverse events: conjunctival hyperemia, hypertrichosis, ocular burning, ocular itching, and foreign-body sensation. Results Eleven articles containing ten RCTs were included in this meta-analysis study. The results highlighted that, in the OAG/OHT population, there was no statistically significant difference in the responsiveness of the four PGAs. Bimatoprost had a better IOP-reducing efficacy than latanoprost. There was no significant difference in the IOP-reducing efficacy of travoprost, latanoprost, and tafluprost. In LNRs, the responsiveness of bimatoprost, travoprost, and latanoprost did not show statistical differences. Bimatoprost reduced IOP with a greater extent than latanoprost and travoprost in LNRs, while there was no significant difference in the IOP-reducing efficacy of travoprost and latanoprost. No serious adverse events occurred with the treatment of the four PGAs. The prevalence of conjunctival hyperemia due to bimatoprost or tafluprost was significantly higher than that of latanoprost. Other adverse events had no significant difference between the four drugs. Conclusion The existing studies cannot prove that latanoprost, travoprost, bimatoprost, and tafluprost have different responsiveness in OAG/OHT patients. Switching to bimatoprost or travoprost cannot achieve a significant improvement in responsiveness in LNRs. Bimatoprost has a better IOP-reducing efficacy than latanoprost and travoprost. No serious adverse events occurred during treatment with any medication we studied.
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Weindler H, Spitzer MS, Schultheiß M, Kromer R. OCT angiography analysis of retinal vessel density in primary open-angle glaucoma with and without Tafluprost therapy. BMC Ophthalmol 2020; 20:444. [PMID: 33183272 PMCID: PMC7663898 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-020-01707-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease which leads to irreversible blindness. An elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is considered to be the main risk factor for the disease progression. It is known that retinal blood flow is altered in POAG eyes. Tafluprost, a prostaglandin analogue which lowers the IOP, has shown to also improve the retinal blood flow in animals. Methods The current study therefore evaluated the retinal vessel density in the peripapillary and macular region of POAG patients with normal IOP treated with topical Tafluprost (n = 20) compared to surgically treated patients with normal IOP (n = 22) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A). The retinal flow density was obtained after binarisation and evaluated in five sectors. Results There was a significantly higher peripapillary flow density in all sectors in Tafluprost treated eyes when compared to post-surgery eyes. The flow density in the inferior sector of the superficial plexus in the macular region was also significantly higher in the Tafluprost group. Conclusions: These results indicate that Tafluprost not only lowers IOP, but may also enhance retinal blood flow in POAG patients with a normal IOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Weindler
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Martin S Spitzer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Schultheiß
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Robert Kromer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
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Yang XT, Zhao L, Wang LJ, Zhang Y, Liao DY, Wang JM. Efficacy and safety of 0.0015% tafluprost versus 0.005% latanoprost in primary open angle glaucoma, ocular hypertension: a Meta-analysis. Int J Ophthalmol 2020; 13:474-480. [PMID: 32309186 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2020.03.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering efficacy and safety of tafluprost 0.0015% eye drops [benzalkonium chloride (BAK) 0.1 mg/mL] compared with that of latanoprost 0.005% eye drops (BAK 0.2 mg/mL) for primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and ocular hypertension (OHT). METHODS All the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about treating POAG and OHT comparing tafluprost and latanoprost were collected by searching PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI and VIP. The outcomes of interest to evaluate the clinical efficacy and adverse effects included IOP and patient-related drop discomfort. RESULTS Five RCTs involving 888 glaucoma patients were included. The results showed that, 1) at the end of the study, no statistically significant differences were observed in IOP reduction [standard mean difference (SMD) =0.48, 95%CI 0.07 to 0.88, P=0.085] between tafluprost and latanoprost; 2) No statistically significant differences were observed in adverse events of foreign-body sensation [relative risk (RR) =0.62, 95%CI 0.26 to 1.46, P=0.269], eye irritation (RR=1.16, 95%CI 0.49 to 2.75, P=0.744), eye pain (RR=2.000, 95%CI 0.949 to 4.216, P=0.07), iris hyper-pigmentation (RR=0.741, 95%CI 0.235 to 2.334, P=0.61), dry eye (RR=1.154, 95%CI 0.409 to 3.256, P=0.79) and eye pruritus (RR=1.600, 95%CI 0.536 to 4.774, P=0.4) between tafluprost and latanoprost. However, tafluprost showed more reported incidence of conjunctival hyperaemia than latanoprost (RR=2.11, 95%CI 1.24 to 3.59, P=0.006). CONCLUSION Tafluprost 0.0015% eye drops (BAK 0.1 mg/mL) and latanoprost 0.005% eye drops (BAK 0.2 mg/mL) are comparable in lowering IOP for open angle glaucoma (OAG) and OHT. It does not differ in the incidence of foreign-body sensation, eye irritation, eye pain, iris hyper-pigmentation, dry eye and eye pruritus, but tafluprost shows less ocular tolerability because of more incidence of conjunctival hyperaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Ting Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Li-Jun Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ding-Ying Liao
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jian-Ming Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
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Tumbocon JA, Macasaet AM. Efficacy and safety of tafluprost 0.0015% - retrospective analysis of real-world data from the Philippines. Clin Ophthalmol 2019; 13:1627-1634. [PMID: 31695311 PMCID: PMC6717730 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s209942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the IOP lowering effect and safety of tafluprost 0.0015% in a routine clinical setting in the Philippines. Patients and methods A retrospective review of glaucoma patients receiving tafluprost 0.0015% (BAK 0.001% preserved) with a minimum follow-up of 3 months was conducted. Main outcome measure was the mean IOP change at month 3. Secondary outcome measures included longitudinal IOP assessments and occurrence of any adverse events. Results Three-hundred twenty-nine eyes of 177 patients with mean age 64.8 years were included and followed for mean 8.8 months. Most common diagnosis was primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) (34.9%), followed by primary angle-closure (PAC) glaucoma post-laser iridotomy (24.0%), PAC post-laser iridotomy (15.5%), ocular hypertension (OHT)(14.6%), secondary glaucoma (6.7%), and normal-tension glaucoma (4.3%). Mean IOP change at month 3 was −6.18 mmHg (SD 4.06), a −26.37% reduction (p<0.001) and IOP reduction was sustained throughout the study period (p<0.001). Sub-group analysis of treatment naïve (n=203); add-on (n=53) and replacement therapy (n=73) showed a 3-month mean IOP reduction of −8.34 mmHg (SD 2.57, p<0.001) or –31.24%, −5.08 mmHg (SD 2.86, p<0.001) or –23.68%, and −1.00 mmHg (SD 3.08; p=0.007) or –6.31%, respectively. There was significant IOP reduction from baseline in both POAG/OHT sub-group and the PAC/PACG post-laser iridotomy with ≥90° open-angle sub-group (p<0.001), sustained up to month 12 post-treatment. However, there was no significant difference in the average absolute (mmHg) or proportional IOP change from baseline between the two sub-groups. Conjunctival hyperemia was the most common adverse reaction occurring in 15% of patients. Conclusion Tafluprost was a safe and effective IOP-lowering treatment in this routine clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Anthony Tumbocon
- Eye Institute, St. Luke's Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines.,Department of Ophthalmology, St. Luke's College of Medicine, Quezon City, Philippines
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Kurysheva NI. Assessment of the optic nerve head, peripapillary, and macular microcirculation in the newly diagnosed patients with primary open-angle glaucoma treated with topical tafluprost and tafluprost/timolol fixed combination. Taiwan J Ophthalmol 2019; 9:93-99. [PMID: 31198667 PMCID: PMC6557063 DOI: 10.4103/tjo.tjo_108_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
RELEVANCE: The ability of antiglaucoma drugs to improve ocular hemoperfusion is an important aspect of their action. Tafluprost is the first preservative-free prostaglandin analog. The efficacy and safety of tafluprost, as well as tafluprost/timolol fixed combination (FC), were demonstrated in randomized multicenter trials. However, there is no literature on the effect of tafluprost and its FC on the peripapillary and macular blood flow. PURPOSE: To determine the changes of microcirculation in the optic nerve head (ONH), peripapillary retina, and macula in patients with newly diagnosed primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) under the topical tafluprost and tafluprost/timolol FC treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) was performed in dynamics with an interval of a week in 36 patients (36 eyes) with a newly diagnosed initial stage of POAG: 12 eyes with tafluprost, 12 – tafluprost/timolol FC, and 12 – no topical treatment (the control group). The change in intraocular pressure (IOP), mean ocular perfusion pressure (MOPP) of the eye, and vessel density (VD) inside the ONH (inside disc), as well as in the peripapillary retina and macula, was evaluated by comparing paired repeated observations using the median growth analysis. RESULTS: In the tafluprost group, there were a decrease in IOP by 19.4% and an increase in MOPP by 8.7% from the reference level. In the tafluprost/timolol group, these figures were 43% and 30.1%, respectively. OCT-A values did not change reliably, except for VD inside disc: the median growth of the tafluprost group was 2.28 (P = 0.02) and of the tafluprost/timolol group was 1.82 (P = 0.03). These changes were obtained in 11 of 12 patients in each group under treatment. In control group, all indicators remained unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: A significant increase of MOPP and a decrease of VD in the ONH in patients with initial glaucoma occurred within a week under the topical tafluprost or its FC. This can be explained by the restoration of autoregulation of the ocular blood flow in conditions of pronounced hypotensive effect of the drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Ivanovna Kurysheva
- Consultative and Diagnostic Department of the Ophthalmological Center, Federal Medical and Biological Agency of the Russian Federation, Moscow 123098, Russian Federation.,A. I. Burnazyan Federal Medical and Biophysical Center, Federal Medical and Biological Agency of the Russian Federation, Moscow 123098, Russian Federation.,Department of Ophthalmological, Institute of Improvement of Professional Skill, Federal Medical and Biological Agency of the Russian Federation, Moscow 123098, Russian Federation
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Holló G, Katsanos A, Boboridis KG, Irkec M, Konstas AGP. Preservative-Free Prostaglandin Analogs and Prostaglandin/Timolol Fixed Combinations in the Treatment of Glaucoma: Efficacy, Safety and Potential Advantages. Drugs 2018; 78:39-64. [PMID: 29196953 DOI: 10.1007/s40265-017-0843-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glaucoma therapy-related ocular surface disease (OSD) is a serious pathology with a broad spectrum of insidious clinical presentations and complex pathogenesis that undermines long-term glaucoma care. Preservatives, especially benzalkonium chloride (BAK), contained in topical intraocular pressure-lowering medications frequently cause or aggravate OSD in glaucoma. Management of these patients is challenging, and to date often empirical due to the scarcity of controlled long-term clinical trials. Most of the available data are extracted from case series and retrospective analysis. Preservative-free prostaglandins and prostaglandin/timolol fixed combinations are novel options developed to remove the harmful impact of preservatives, especially BAK, upon ocular tissues. Based on what is currently known on the value of preservative-free antiglaucoma therapies it is tempting to speculate how these new therapies may affect the future medical management of all glaucoma patients. This article provides a comprehensive and critical review of the current literature on preservative-free prostaglandins and preservative-free prostaglandin/timolol fixed combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Holló
- Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Maria u. 39, Budapest, 1085, Hungary.
| | - Andreas Katsanos
- Ophthalmology Department, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Kostas G Boboridis
- Third Ophthalmology Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Murat Irkec
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Ophthalmology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Anastasios G P Konstas
- 1st University Department of Ophthalmology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.,3rd University Department of Ophthalmology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Changes in Ocular Surface Characteristics after Switching from Benzalkonium Chloride-Preserved Latanoprost to Preservative-Free Tafluprost or Benzalkonium Chloride-Preserved Tafluprost. J Ophthalmol 2017; 2017:3540749. [PMID: 28831305 PMCID: PMC5558672 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3540749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of switching from Latanoprost ophthalmic solution containing a preservative to preservative-free Tafluprost ophthalmic solution or Tafluprost containing a preservative on ocular surfaces. Materials and Methods Forty patients (40 eyes) with glaucoma (mean age: 62.0 ± 10.9 years) using Latanoprost with preservative for six months or longer were assigned either to a Tafluprost-containing-preservative group (20 eyes) or preservative-free-Tafluprost group (20 eyes). The intraocular pressure, corneal epithelial barrier function (fluorescein uptake concentration with fluorophotometer FL-500), superficial punctate keratopathy (AD classification), and tear film breakup time (TBUT) were assessed before switching and at 12 weeks after switching. Results No significant differences in intraocular pressure were noted after switching in either group. Corneal epithelial barrier function was improved significantly after switching in both the Tafluprost-containing-preservative and the preservative-free-Tafluprost groups. There were no significant differences in AD scores after switching in the Tafluprost-containing-preservative group, but significant improvements were noted in the preservative-free-Tafluprost group. No significant differences in TBUT were noted in the Tafluprost-containing-preservative or preservative-free-Tafluprost groups after switching. Conclusion After switching from preservative Latanoprost to Tafluprost containing-preservative or preservative-free Tafluprost, corneal epithelial barrier function was improved while the intraocular pressure reduction was retained.
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Abstract
This literature review is focused on the prostaglandin topical analogues and describes peculiarities of their structure, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, results of clinical trials and meta-analyzes, as well as modern trends in the topical IOP-lowering glaucoma therapy evolution.
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Keating GM. Tafluprost Ophthalmic Solution 0.0015 %: A Review in Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension. Clin Drug Investig 2016; 36:499-508. [PMID: 27225879 DOI: 10.1007/s40261-016-0413-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Tafluprost ophthalmic solution 0.0015 % preserved with benzalkonium chloride (BAK) 0.001 % is available in several Asian countries, including Japan. In pivotal trials, BAK-preserved tafluprost ophthalmic solution 0.0015 % lowered intraocular pressure (IOP) more effectively than placebo in Asian patients with normal-tension glaucoma and was at least as effective as latanoprost ophthalmic solution 0.005 % in Asian patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. In other prospective studies in Asian patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension, tafluprost ophthalmic solution 0.0015 % was at least as effective as latanoprost ophthalmic solution 0.005 % or travoprost ophthalmic solution 0.004 % in terms of IOP lowering, and was considered easier to use and/or store. The efficacy of tafluprost ophthalmic solution 0.0015 % was maintained in the longer term. Tafluprost ophthalmic solution 0.0015 % was generally well tolerated. In conclusion, BAK-preserved tafluprost ophthalmic solution 0.0015 % remains a useful option for the treatment of Asian patients with glaucoma and ocular hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian M Keating
- Springer, Private Bag 65901, Mairangi Bay, 0754, Auckland, New Zealand.
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Kwak J, Kang S, Lee ER, Park S, Park S, Park E, Lim J, Seo K. Effect of preservative-free tafluprost on intraocular pressure, pupil diameter, and anterior segment structures in normal canine eyes. Vet Ophthalmol 2016; 20:34-39. [PMID: 26728904 DOI: 10.1111/vop.12341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was designed to evaluate the changes in intraocular pressure (IOP), pupil diameter (PD), and anterior segment parameters using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) after instillation of preservative-free (PF) tafluprost in normal dogs. PROCEDURES Six beagle dogs were used. PF tafluprost was instilled in one randomly selected eye, and PF artificial tear was instilled in the other eye (control). IOP and PD were measured every 15 min for the first hour, every 2 h for the next 17 h, and at 24 h and 36 h postinstillation (PI). Anterior segment parameters including geometric iridocorneal angle (ICA), width of the entry of the ciliary cleft (CCW), length of the ciliary cleft, area of the ciliary cleft, and depth of the anterior chamber were measured with UBM before and after PF tafluprost instillation. RESULTS Compared with the control group, IOP was significantly lower from 4 h PI to 24 h PI and PD was significantly smaller from 30 min PI to 18 h PI (P < 0.05). Among UBM parameters, ICA and CCW significantly decreased and increased after PF tafluprost instillation, respectively (P < 0.05). Other parameters showed no significant changes. CONCLUSIONS Instillation of PF tafluprost lowered IOP and induced miosis in normal canine eyes. Alterations in ICA and CCW occurred simultaneously, which probably affected the outflow of aqueous humor. PF tafluprost could be considered an alternative prostaglandin analog in the treatment of canine glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyoon Kwak
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Korea
| | - Seonmi Kang
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Korea
| | - Eui Ri Lee
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Korea
| | - Sangwan Park
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Korea
| | - Sungwon Park
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Korea
| | - Eunjin Park
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Korea
| | - Jaegook Lim
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Korea
| | - Kangmoon Seo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Korea
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Cho SY, Kim YY, Yoo C, Lee TE. Twenty-four-hour efficacy of preservative-free tafluprost for open-angle glaucoma patients, assessed by home intraocular pressure (Icare-ONE) and blood-pressure monitoring. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2015; 60:27-34. [PMID: 26411460 DOI: 10.1007/s10384-015-0413-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of preservative-free (PF) tafluprost on diurnal variation of intraocular pressure (IOP) and ocular perfusion pressure (OPP), measured by use of home IOP and blood-pressure (BP) monitoring devices, for primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) patients. METHODS Twenty-two eyes from 22 patients with POAG were studied. Initially, IOP was measured at the hospital by Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) and Icare-ONE rebound tonometry. Each patient was then instructed how to use the Icare-ONE and BP home monitoring devices. IOP and BP were measured at home by the patients, every 4 h, before and 2 weeks after once daily treatment with PF tafluprost (0.0015%) ophthalmic solution. RESULTS Intraclass correlations between different IOP measurements were greater than 0.8. PF tafluprost reduced mean diurnal IOP significantly for patients with POAG, from 15.7 ± 1.2 mmHg at baseline to 12.5 ± 0.6 mmHg 2 weeks after treatment (p < 0.001). It increased mean diurnal OPP from 48.5 ± 7.3 mmHg at baseline to 51.3 ± 7.0 mmHg post-treatment (p < 0.017). CONCLUSIONS Icare-ONE enables glaucoma patients to measure their own diurnal IOP fluctuations. Patient-measured Icare-ONE IOP readings showed that PF tafluprost effectively reduced diurnal IOP in eyes with POAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon Young Cho
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, Korea
| | - Yong Yeon Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Chungkwon Yoo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-Eun Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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A 1-year randomized study of the clinical and confocal effects of tafluprost and latanoprost in newly diagnosed glaucoma patients. Adv Ther 2015; 32:356-69. [PMID: 25893514 PMCID: PMC4415941 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-015-0205-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The aim of the present study was to compare the confocal and clinical features of newly diagnosed glaucoma patients receiving unpreserved prostaglandins (tafluprost) versus preserved prostaglandins (latanoprost). Materials and Methods 40 patients were randomized to tafluprost 0.0015% (20 patients; 32 eyes) or latanoprost 0.005% + benzalkonium chloride 0.02% (20 patients; 35 eyes) once daily for 1 year. Inclusion criteria were new glaucoma diagnosis, and no ocular treatments for 6 months before the study. Patients were evaluated at baseline and every 3 months with a complete ophthalmologic evaluation, Schirmer’s test, break-up time test, confocal microscopy of the central cornea, and measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP). Investigators were masked to treatment. Both eyes were analyzed if they fulfilled inclusion criteria. Treatments and changes between follow-up and baseline were compared by analysis of variance (ANOVA), t test and Chi-square test. Results At baseline, the two groups had similar age, ocular surface and confocal findings; keratocyte activation was present in 40%, branching pattern in 85%, and beading in 75%, with no inter-group differences. At follow-up, no significant clinical changes were detected, apart from a drop of IOP by 3.6–4.2 mmHg in the two groups (p < 0.001, with no difference between treatments). Despite inter-treatment ANOVA for confocal microscopy being negative, subtle changes were present. During follow-up, all eyes without nerve branching pattern at baseline progressively developed it when treated with latanoprost, whereas no change occurred using tafluprost treatment (p = 0.05). None of the eyes without beading at baseline developed it at the end of the study in the tafluprost group, whereas beading did occur in 75% of patients treated with latanoprost (p = 0.05). Both treatments were associated with increased keratocyte activation at follow-up; the change from baseline was statistically significant after month 3 with latanoprost (p = 0.02) and after month 6 with tafluprost (p = 0.04). Conclusions The two study treatments had similar clinical effects, but tafluprost had a more favorable profile for some confocal parameters of the cornea. Funding Merck Sharp & Dohme International. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s12325-015-0205-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Holló G, Katsanos A. Safety and tolerability of the tafluprost/timolol fixed combination for the treatment of glaucoma. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2015; 14:609-17. [DOI: 10.1517/14740338.2015.1010507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Pfeiffer N, Traverso CE, Lorenz K, Saarela V, Liinamaa J, Uusitalo H, Astakhov Y, Boiko E, Ropo A. A 6-month study comparing efficacy, safety, and tolerability of the preservative-free fixed combination of tafluprost 0.0015% and timolol 0.5% versus each of its individual preservative-free components. Adv Ther 2014; 31:1228-46. [PMID: 25447269 PMCID: PMC4271134 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-014-0163-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The efficacy, safety and tolerability of the preservative-free (PF) fixed combination (FC) of tafluprost 0.0015% and timolol 0.5% (once daily) were compared to those of the individual components (PF tafluprost 0.0015% once daily and PF timolol 0.5% twice daily) in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension inadequately controlled on prior timolol or prostaglandin monotherapy for 6 months. Methods A stratified, double-masked, randomized, multicenter phase III study was conducted. A total of 189 prior timolol users were randomized within the timolol stratum (TS) to receive either FC (n = 95) or timolol 0.5% (TIM; n = 94). Furthermore, a total of 375 prior prostaglandin analog (PGA) users were randomized within the prostaglandin stratum (PS) to receive either FC (n = 188) or tafluprost 0.0015% (TAF; n = 187). To be eligible for participation in the study, the patients were required to have an intraocular pressure (IOP) of ≥22 mmHg when on timolol (TIM) or of ≥20 mmHg when on PGA in either treated eye at the screening and end-of-run-in visits. In addition to these, the study included visits at baseline, 2 and 6 weeks, 3 and 6 months and at a post-study visit. IOP was measured at 8 a.m., 10 a.m., 4 p.m., and 8 p.m. Results In the TS, a significant reduction from baseline IOP was seen with FC and TIM throughout the study. Average diurnal IOP change from baseline at month 3 was −8.55 mmHg (32%) for FC and −7.35 mmHg (28%) for TIM. The model-based treatment difference (FC–TIM) was −0.885 mmHg [95% confidence interval (CI) −1.745 to −0.024; p = 0.044] demonstrating the superiority of FC over TIM. In the PS, a significant reduction in IOP was seen with both FC and TAF throughout the study. The average diurnal IOP change from baseline at month 3 was −8.61 mmHg (33%) for FC and −7.23 mmHg (28%) for TAF. The model-based treatment difference (FC–TAF) was −1.516 mmHg (95% CI −2.044 to −0.988; p < 0.001) demonstrating the superiority of FC over TAF. In the TS, related ocular adverse events (AEs) were more frequent for patients treated with FC compared to TIM (16.8% versus 6.4%), whereas related non-ocular AEs were more frequent with TIM compared to FC (2.1% versus 0.0%). In the PS, AEs were similarly distributed between FC and TAF. The frequency of conjunctival hyperemia of FC was low (6.4%). Conclusion The preservative-free fixed combination of tafluprost and timolol provided a substantial and significant IOP reduction in both strata. The IOP reduction was superior to both tafluprost 0.0015% and timolol 0.5% when given as monotherapies. Overall, the study treatments were safe and well tolerated. Funding Santen Oy, Tampere, Finland. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s12325-014-0163-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Pfeiffer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mainz University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55101, Mainz, Germany,
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Seibold LK, Kahook MY. The diurnal and nocturnal effects of travoprost in normal-tension glaucoma. Clin Ophthalmol 2014; 8:2189-93. [PMID: 25382969 PMCID: PMC4222622 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s73125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine the diurnal and nocturnal effects of travoprost with sofZia® (Travatan Z® [TZ]) on intraocular pressure (IOP) and ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) in patients with normal-tension glaucoma (NTG). Methods Twenty-seven subjects with NTG were admitted to an inpatient sleep laboratory for three 24-hour sessions monitoring IOP, blood pressure (BP), and heart rate every 2 hours in the habitual position (diurnal period: upright; nocturnal period: supine). Baseline IOP and OPP levels were compared to those during active treatment with TZ and 3 days after stopping the medication. OPP was calculated as 2/3 [diastolic BP + 1/3 (systolic BP – diastolic BP)] – IOP. Results TZ significantly reduced the mean diurnal and nocturnal IOP levels compared to baseline at all time points. During treatment, mean IOP decreased from 17.1±3.4 to 14.7±3.0 mmHg during the diurnal period (P<0.01) and from 19.9±3.6 to 18.8±3.5 mmHg during the nocturnal period (P<0.01). Once treatment was discontinued, mean IOP remained at levels significantly less than baseline during both the diurnal (15.6±3.2 mmHg) and nocturnal (18.7±3.7 mmHg) periods. Mean OPP was not significantly changed with treatment during either period. Conclusion In this population of NTG patients, TZ significantly lowers IOP at all time points throughout the diurnal and nocturnal periods. The treatment effect on IOP endures for up to 3 days after the last dose. Treatment did not significantly improve OPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard K Seibold
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Colorado Eye Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Malik Y Kahook
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Colorado Eye Center, Aurora, CO, USA
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Shin J, Lee JW, Choi BS, Yun EY, Jung JH, Kim EA, Caprioli J. The circadian changes of intraocular pressure and ocular perfusion pressure after tafluprost compared with travoprost in normal tension glaucoma. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2014; 30:803-9. [PMID: 25285367 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2014.0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the 24-h changes of intraocular pressure (IOP) and mean ocular perfusion pressure (MOPP) obtained with tafluprost versus travoprost in patients with normal-tension glaucoma (NTG). METHODS This study is a randomized crossover study of 50 patients newly diagnosed with NTG who received either tafluprost or travoprost given once at 9 PM for 2 months, after which they were crossed over to the other medication for another 2 months. IOP and blood pressure were measured for 24 h before starting the treatment and after finishing the first and second treatment periods. RESULTS Forty-one patients completed the study. The mean (±standard deviation) 24-h IOP was 16.8±2.0 mmHg at baseline, 14.4±2.2 mmHg on tafluprost, and 13.6±1.8 mmHg on travoprost. Both prostaglandin monotherapies significantly reduced mean 24-h IOP as compared with baseline (P<0.001, P<0.001, respectively), and travoprost demonstrated a lower mean 24-h IOP than tafluprost (P=0.044). Both treatments significantly reduced the IOP from baseline at every point over 24 h. At 3 individual time points, travoprost provided a lower IOP than tafluprost: at 4 PM (13.8±2.7 vs. 14.8±2.6 mmHg, P=0.041), at 6 PM (13.5±2.5 vs. 14.4±2.5 mmHg, P=0.006), and at 8 PM (13.3±2.5 vs. 14.5±2.4 mmHg, P=0.029). Both tafluprost and travoprost significantly increased the 24-h MOPP (P=0.008, P=0.002, respectively), and travoprost demonstrated a greater 24-h MOPP than tafluprost (P=0.027). CONCLUSIONS Both tafluprost and travoprost were effective in lowering IOP and increasing MOPP throughout 24 h in NTG. However, travoprost reduced IOP greater than tafluprost in the late afternoon and evening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonghoon Shin
- 1 Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University , Busan, Korea
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Abstract
Prostaglandins are approved by the European Glaucoma Society guidelines as first-line treatment for glaucoma. This review focuses on latanoprost, an ester prodrug of prostaglandin (PG) F2α, which was the first of the currently available topical PGF2α analogs to be launched for glaucoma or ocular hypertension and which still accounts for the majority of prescriptions. It is better absorbed than the parent compound through the cornea, and peak concentration of the active drug is in the aqueous humor 1–2 hours after topical dosing (15–30 ng/mL). Metabolism occurs mainly in the liver. Latanoprost (0.005%) has been very well studied in clinical trials and meta-analyses that show it to be generally as effective as the other PG analogs (bimatoprost, travoprost, and tafluprost) and more effective than timolol, dorzolamide, and brimonidine. Latanoprost has good short- and long-term safety and tolerability profiles. In common with other prostaglandins, it lacks systemic effects, but can cause ocular adverse events such as conjunctival hyperemia, pigmentation of the iris, periocular skin or eyelashes, hypertrichosis, and ocular surface effects or irritation. Latanoprost is significantly better tolerated than either bimatoprost or travoprost. Patients treated with latanoprost have better compliance and persist with therapy longer than those that are given other drugs. An improved formulation of latanoprost without the preservative benzalkonium chloride has recently been developed. It is as effective as conventional latanoprost, has a lower incidence of hyperemia, and can be stored at room temperature. In conclusion, latanoprost has the best efficacy–tolerability ratio of the PG analogs available for glaucoma treatment, and has good compliance and persistence. These factors should be improved further by the recent development of preservative-free latanoprost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Alm
- Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
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Lin L, Zhao YJ, Chew PT, Sng CCA, Wong HT, Yip LW, Wu TS, Bautista D, Teng M, Khoo AL, Lim BP. Comparative Efficacy and Tolerability of Topical Prostaglandin Analogues for Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension. Ann Pharmacother 2014; 48:1585-93. [DOI: 10.1177/1060028014548569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To systematically review the efficacy and tolerability of 4 prostaglandin analogues (PGAs) as first-line monotherapies for intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering in adult patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Data Sources: A literature search was performed in PubMed (1965-June 2013) and the Cochrane Library (1980-June 2013) using the search terms ocular hypertension, open-angle glaucoma, prostaglandin analogues, bimatoprost, latanoprost, tafluprost, and travoprost. Additional studies were searched from the reference lists of identified publications. Study Selection and Data Extraction: In all, 32 randomized controlled trials comparing between PGAs (bimatoprost 0.03%, latanoprost 0.005%, tafluprost 0.0015%, and travoprost 0.004%) or PGA with timolol were selected. Data Synthesis: A network meta-analysis was conducted. Using timolol as reference, the relative risks (RRs) of achieving treatment success, defined as the proportion of patients achieving at least 30% IOP reduction, with 95% CIs, were as follows: bimatoprost, 1.59 (1.28-1.98); latanoprost, 1.32 (1.00-1.74); travoprost, 1.33 (1.03-1.72); and tafluprost, 1.10 (0.85-1.42). The mean IOP reductions after 1 month were 1.98 (1.50-2.47), 1.01 (0.55-1.46), 1.08 (0.59-1.57), and 0.46 (−0.41 to 1.33) mm Hg, respectively, and the results were sustained at 3 months. Bimatoprost was associated with the highest risk of developing hyperemia, whereas latanoprost had the lowest risk, with RRs (95% CI) of 4.66 (3.49-6.23) and 2.30 (1.76-3.00), respectively. Conclusions: Bimatoprost achieved the highest efficacy in terms of IOP reduction, whereas latanoprost had the most favorable tolerability profile. This review serves to guide selection of the optimal PGA agent for individual patient care in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Lin
- Pharmacy & Therapeutics Office, Group Corporate Development, National Healthcare Group, Singapore
| | - Ying Jiao Zhao
- Pharmacy & Therapeutics Office, Group Corporate Development, National Healthcare Group, Singapore
| | - Paul T.K. Chew
- Department of Ophthalmology, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Chelvin C. A. Sng
- Department of Ophthalmology, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Hon-Tym Wong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Leonard W. Yip
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Tuck Seng Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | | | - Monica Teng
- Pharmacy & Therapeutics Office, Group Corporate Development, National Healthcare Group, Singapore
| | - Ai Leng Khoo
- Pharmacy & Therapeutics Office, Group Corporate Development, National Healthcare Group, Singapore
| | - Boon Peng Lim
- Pharmacy & Therapeutics Office, Group Corporate Development, National Healthcare Group, Singapore
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Lorenz K, Pfeiffer N. Efficacy and safety of tafluprost 0.0015% and timolol maleate 0.5% fixed combination in patients with ocular hypertension or open-angle glaucoma. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2014; 15:2255-62. [DOI: 10.1517/14656566.2014.955471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Holló G, Hommer A, Antón López A, Ropo A. Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of Preservative-Free Fixed Combination of Tafluprost 0.0015%/Timolol 0.5% Versus Concomitant Use of the Ingredients. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2014; 30:468-75. [DOI: 10.1089/jop.2013.0229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Holló
- Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | - Auli Ropo
- Santen Oy, Clinical Research and Medical Affairs, Helsinki, Finland
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Niwano Y, Iwasawa A, Ayaki M. Ocular surface cytotoxicity and safety evaluation of tafluprost, a recently developed anti-glaucoma prostaglandin analog. OPHTHALMOLOGY AND EYE DISEASES 2014; 6:5-12. [PMID: 24558301 PMCID: PMC3928056 DOI: 10.4137/oed.s12445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Revised: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In vitro cytotoxicity of tafluprost, which is the most recently developed anti-glaucoma prostaglandin (PG) analog, in ocular surface cells is addressed in comparison with other PG analogs. Irrespective of cell lines and models, the cytotoxicity of anti-glaucoma PG eyedrops was primarily related to the concentration of benzalkonium chloride (BAK) contained in the eyedrops as a preservative. Accordingly, preservative-free tafluprost was apparently less cytotoxic than BAK-preserved PG analogs. Furthermore, our study for cytotoxicity assays on ocular cells, conducted by comprehensive investigations covering a variety of concentrations and treatment times, which is termed the cell viability score (CVS) system, demonstrated that 0.001% BAK-preserved tafluprost was not cytotoxic, and suggested that tafluprost may even reduce the cytotoxic effect of BAK. It has been reported that adverse reactions associated with tafluprost in healthy human volunteers and patients with glaucoma include conjunctival hyperemia, eyelid pigmentation, eyelash bristles, and deepening of upper eyelid sulcus. Nonetheless, most clinical studies have demonstrated that not only preservative-free tafluprost but also BAK-preserved tafluprost is well tolerated and safe in patients with glaucoma and ocular hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimi Niwano
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Atsuo Iwasawa
- Department of Bioengineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masahiko Ayaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Inoue K, Tanaka A, Tomita G. Effects of tafluprost treatment for 3 years in patients with normal-tension glaucoma. Clin Ophthalmol 2013; 7:1411-6. [PMID: 23874082 PMCID: PMC3711876 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s46340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the effects of tafluprost treatment for 3 years on intraocular pressure (IOP) and visual field performance. Methods The IOP of 55 patients with normal-tension glaucoma was monitored every 1–3 months for 3 years. The Humphrey visual field test was performed every 6 months after treatment and results compared with before-treatment results. Visual field performance was also evaluated by trend and event analysis. Results After 3 years’ tafluprost single-use vials treatment, the IOP (12.8 ± 2.8 mmHg [mean ± standard deviation]) was significantly lower than before treatment (15.7 ± 2.2 mmHg; P < 0.0001). When comparing before-treatment Humphrey visual field test findings with those after 3 years of treatment, no change was found in the mean deviation and pattern standard deviation. Visual field performance had worsened in four patients and three patients according to trend analysis and event analysis, respectively. Adverse reactions appeared in ten cases and one patient (1.8%) discontinued treatment due to an adverse reaction. Conclusion Tafluprost single-use vials treatment was effective in reducing IOP over the 3 years of this study, but visual field performance worsened by 10.3%–13.8% in patients with normal-tension glaucoma. Safety was satisfactory.
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Maruyama K, Tsuchisaka A, Sakamoto J, Shirato S, Goto H. Incidence of deepening of upper eyelid sulcus after topical use of tafluprost ophthalmic solution in Japanese patients. Clin Ophthalmol 2013; 7:1441-6. [PMID: 23885167 PMCID: PMC3716560 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s47783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the incidence of deepening of upper eyelid sulcus (DUES) with topical use of tafluprost in Japanese glaucoma patients. METHODS This study was a prospective, open-label, non-controlled case series conducted at a single center. Thirty-six primary open-angle glaucoma Japanese patients who had no history of surgery were enrolled. The patients were prescribed 0.0015% topical tafluprost once daily to one eye that had the more severe visual field disorder, and observed during outpatient visits before and at 30, 60, and 90 days after starting treatment. At every visit, three examiners judged the presence of DUES unanimously by facial photographs including eyebrows and lower eyelids. The primary outcome variable was the incidence of DUES at the end of day 90 in the study as assessed by observer-masked facial photography. The patients were also asked if they noticed any subjective symptom of DUES. Gender, refraction, and intraocular pressure were evaluated as potential risk factors. RESULTS Thirty-two patients completed this clinical trial. DUES were identified objectively in 19% (6/32) of the patients after 90 days of treatment. The incidence was not related to gender, refraction, baseline or post-treatment intraocular pressure, or intraocular pressure reduction. Finally, 17% (1/6) of patients with objectively diagnosed DUES noticed the presence of DUES by themselves. No patient dropped out of the study because of DUES. CONCLUSION Similar to other prostaglandin analogs, topical use of tafluprost ophthalmic solution is associated with DUES as a local adverse reaction.
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Lanzl I, Hamacher T, Rosbach K, Ramez MO, Rothe R, Růžičková E, Karhanová M, Kimmich F. Preservative-free tafluprost in the treatment of naive patients with glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Clin Ophthalmol 2013; 7:901-10. [PMID: 23717036 PMCID: PMC3663435 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s41640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The study reported here investigated the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of the preservative-free prostaglandin analog tafluprost 0.0015% in treatment-naive patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Data were collected in two non-interventional, prospective, multicenter, observational, open-label studies of identical design that were conducted in Germany and the Czech Republic. All subjects received preservative-free tafluprost 0.0015% once daily. Intraocular pressure (IOP) levels were recorded for each eye at untreated baseline and 3 months after initiation of medical treatment. The primary outcome was change in mean IOP from baseline to month 3. In the primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and ocular hypertension (OH) patient subgroups, analyses were stratified by the level of baseline IOP: ≥20 to 23 mmHg versus ≥24 mmHg. In addition, responder rates and the achievement of pre-specified IOP levels at month 3 were evaluated. Local tolerance of preservative-free tafluprost was evaluated by the patients at final visit. Overall satisfaction with the medical treatment was evaluated by both patients and physicians. All adverse events were recorded. RESULTS A total of 579 treatment-naive patients with POAG (n = 349), OH (n = 105), normal tension glaucoma (n = 71), exfoliative glaucoma (n = 27), or other glaucomas (n = 27) were included in this observational study. Mean IOP level at baseline for all patients was 23.6 ± 4.0 mmHg. Mean IOP at month 3 was 16.8 ± 2.9 mmHg (-28.8% vs baseline). At month 3, significant reductions in mean IOP (P < 0.001) were seen in all patients and all subgroups. Preservative-free tafluprost lowered mean IOP significantly in patients with POAG and OH with IOP levels ≥ 20 to 23 mmHg from 21.9 ± 1.1 mmHg at baseline to 16.5 ± 2.2 mmHg, and in the subgroup with IOP levels ≥ 24 mmHg from 26.2 ± 2.4 mmHg to 17.9 ± 2.4 mmHg. In the subgroups of patients with POAG and OH, an IOP response ≥20%, ≥30%, and ≥40% was achieved by 83.4%, 44.1%, and 12.8%, respectively. Overall, patients with higher baseline IOP values showed a better response than patients with lower baseline IOP levels. Preservative-free tafluprost was well tolerated and safe. After 3 months, 97.9% of all patients remained on therapy. CONCLUSION In this real-world observational study, treatment with once-daily preservative-free tafluprost proved efficacious, well tolerated, and safe in treatment-naive patients.
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Konstas AGP, Quaranta L, Katsanos A, Riva I, Tsai JC, Giannopoulos T, Voudouragkaki IC, Paschalinou E, Floriani I, Haidich AB. Twenty-four hour efficacy with preservative free tafluprost compared with latanoprost in patients with primary open angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Br J Ophthalmol 2013; 97:1510-5. [DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2012-303026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Rossi GCM, Pasinetti GM, Raimondi M, Ricciardelli G, Scudeller L, Blini M, Amisano A, Bianchi PE. Efficacy and ocular surface tolerability of preservative-free tafluprost 0.0015%: a 6-month, single-blind, observational study on naïve ocular hypertension or glaucoma patients. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2012; 11:519-25. [DOI: 10.1517/14740338.2012.690734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gian Maria Pasinetti
- University Eye Clinic, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation,
P.le Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy ;
| | - Marta Raimondi
- University Eye Clinic, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation,
P.le Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy ;
| | - Gabriella Ricciardelli
- University Eye Clinic, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation,
P.le Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy ;
| | - Luigia Scudeller
- University Eye Clinic, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation,
P.le Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy ;
| | - Mirella Blini
- University Eye Clinic, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation,
P.le Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy ;
| | - Alberto Amisano
- University Eye Clinic, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation,
P.le Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy ;
| | - Paolo Emilio Bianchi
- University Eye Clinic, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation,
P.le Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy ;
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Ermiş SS. Differential pharmacology and clinical utility of preservative-free tafluprost in the treatment of ocular hypertension and glaucoma. Clin Ophthalmol 2012; 6:673-8. [PMID: 22654492 PMCID: PMC3363306 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s24248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is a chronic disease requiring lifelong treatment. Discomfort due to medications may affect patients’ quality of life and may cause poor compliance, which leads to poor intraocular pressure control. To minimize the side effects of long-term treatment, preparations with lower benzalkonium chloride concentrations, preservative-free preparations and alternative preservatives have been developed and reported to have a lower rate of side effects. Tafluprost, launched on the ophthalmic market in 2008, is a new 16-phenoxy analogue of prostaglandin F2α, clinically used as an ocular hypotensive agent for the treatment of glaucoma and ocular hypertension. The safety and intraocular pressure-lowering efficacy of tafluprost has been demonstrated in various preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sıtkı Samet Ermiş
- Faculty of Medicine, Balıkesir University, Tıp Fakültesi, Čagış Kampüsü, Balıkesir, Turkey
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Randomized clinical trial of the efficacy and safety of preservative-free tafluprost and timolol in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Am J Ophthalmol 2012; 153:1187-96. [PMID: 22310086 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2011.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2011] [Revised: 11/07/2011] [Accepted: 11/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the efficacy and safety of tafluprost, a preservative-free (PF) prostaglandin analogue, with PF timolol in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. DESIGN Randomized, double-masked, multicenter clinical trial. METHODS After discontinuation and washout of existing ocular hypotensive treatment, patients who had intraocular pressure (IOP) ≥23 and ≤36 mm Hg in at least 1 eye at the 08:00 hour time point were randomized 1:1 to 12 weeks of treatment with either PF tafluprost 0.0015% or PF timolol 0.5%. IOP was measured 3 times during the day (08:00, 10:00, 16:00 hours) at baseline and at weeks 2, 6, and 12. It was hypothesized that PF tafluprost would be noninferior to PF timolol over 12 weeks with regard to change from baseline IOP. The trial was powered for a noninferiority margin of 1.5 mm Hg at each of the 9 time points assessed. RESULTS A total of 643 patients were randomized and 618 completed (PF tafluprost = 306, PF timolol = 312). IOPs at the 3 time points assessed during the baseline visit ranged from 23.8 to 26.1 mm Hg in the PF tafluprost group and 23.5 to 26.0 mm Hg in the PF timolol group. IOPs at the 3 time points assessed during the 12-week visit ranged from 17.4 to 18.6 mm Hg for PF tafluprost and 17.9 to 18.5 mm Hg for PF timolol. At all 9 time points, the upper limits of the 2-sided 95% confidence intervals for the difference between treatments in IOP lowering were less than the prespecified noninferiority margin. Similar percentages of PF tafluprost and PF timolol patients reported ocular pain/stinging/irritation (4.4% vs 4.6%) and pruritus (2.5% vs 1.5%). The percentages of PF tafluprost and PF timolol patients reporting conjunctival hyperemia were 4.4% vs 1.2% (nominal P = .016). CONCLUSIONS The IOP-lowering effect of PF tafluprost was noninferior to that of PF timolol. PF tafluprost is an efficacious and generally well-tolerated ocular hypotensive agent.
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Ranno S, Sacchi M, Brancato C, Gilardi D, Lembo A, Nucci P. A prospective study evaluating IOP changes after switching from a therapy with prostaglandin eye drops containing preservatives to nonpreserved tafluprost in glaucoma patients. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:804730. [PMID: 22606063 PMCID: PMC3346840 DOI: 10.1100/2012/804730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2011] [Accepted: 11/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose. To compare the ocular hypotensive effect of tafluprost with prostaglandin analogues (PGAs) in glaucoma patients. Methods. 89 primary open-angle glaucoma patients treated with bimatoprost, latanoprost, or travoprost for at least 3 months complaining for ocular discomfort were switched to tafluprost. IOP was assessed at baseline and 3 months after switching the therapy by daily curve. Primary outcome was to compare the mean daily IOP of tafluprost with PGAs. Results. The mean daily IOP was 16 ± 2.1 and 16.6 ± 2.0 mm Hg at baseline and after switching to tafluprost, respectively (P > 0.05). When analysis was carried out between tafluprost and each previous PGAs, the comparison between latanoprost and tafluprost and travoprost and tafluprost did not show any statistically significant difference in mean daily IOP and at each time point. The comparison between bimatoprost and tafluprost showed a statistically significant difference in mean daily IOP (P < 0.05) and at each time point (P < 0.05). Conclusions. After 3 months of switching tafluprost showed an overall IOP lowering effect similar to others PGAs. When each PGA was compared with tafluprost, bimatoprost showed to provide a statistically significant additional IOP lowering effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Ranno
- Eye Clinic, San Giuseppe Hospital, University of Milan, Via San Vittore 12, Milan, Italy.
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Pellinen P, Huhtala A, Tolonen A, Lokkila J, Mäenpää J, Uusitalo H. The Cytotoxic Effects of Preserved and Preservative-Free Prostaglandin Analogs on Human Corneal and Conjunctival EpitheliumIn Vitroand the Distribution of Benzalkonium Chloride Homologs in Ocular Surface TissuesIn Vivo. Curr Eye Res 2011; 37:145-54. [DOI: 10.3109/02713683.2011.626909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Pantcheva MB, Seibold LK, Awadallah NS, Kahook MY. Tafluprost: a novel prostaglandin analog for treatment of glaucoma. Adv Ther 2011; 28:707-15. [PMID: 21858491 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-011-0055-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this review is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of tafluprost, a fluoroprostaglandin receptor analog, for reduction of intraocular pressure in open angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. METHODS A search of published literature was performed on the PubMed database using the search term "tafluprost." The literature search identified 48 publications, including clinical and preclinical studies, from 2003 to 2011. From these ressults, articles available in the English language and in full text were selected and systematically reviewed by the authors. RESULTS Recent studies have shown that tafluprost is an effective IOP-lowering medication. Evidence based medicine also reveals that tafluprost is safe and well-tolerated. Preservative-free tafluprost is as potent as the preserved formulation, but with fewer and milder ocular surface side effects. CONCLUSION Since its introduction in 2008, initial studies have demonstrated that preserved and preservative-free tafluprost formulations have proven efficacy and safety in the treatment of glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Larger studies with longer follow-up are needed to assess long-term safety, efficacy, and tolerability compared with other prostaglandin analogs used for treating glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina B Pantcheva
- Ophthalmology Department, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 1675 Aurora Court, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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Nakano T, Yoshikawa K, Kimura T, Suzumura H, Nanno M, Noro T. Efficacy and safety of tafluprost in normal-tension glaucoma with intraocular pressure of 16 mmHg or less. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2011; 55:605-13. [PMID: 21874307 DOI: 10.1007/s10384-011-0082-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2010] [Accepted: 06/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Nakano
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-19-18 Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan.
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Erb C, Lanzl I, Seidova SF, Kimmich F. Preservative-free tafluprost 0.0015% in the treatment of patients with glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Adv Ther 2011; 28:575-85. [PMID: 21725844 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-011-0038-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The objective of this study was to evaluate efficacy, local tolerability, and safety of this first-in-class preservative-free prostaglandin preparation in patients with ocular hypertension and glaucoma. METHODS Patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension who required a change of medication or were naïve to treatment were included in this noninterventional and observational study. Noninterventional means that no influence was made upon the decision of the physicians to include specific patients and upon the treatment algorithm used. German law for observational studies does not allow any influence on the choice of drugs used, patient selection, masking, and comparator treatment regimens. The main aim of this observational study was to collect "real-life data" on the efficacy and safety of a new medical treatment after approval in a large patient population. Participating ophthalmologists were asked to provide anonymous patient data collected during regular visits by filling a simple data entry form. Intraocular pressure (IOP) readings were recorded at baseline (previous therapy or untreated) and 6-12 weeks after changing medical treatment to or initiating treatment with preservative-free tafluprost once daily. Changes in the IOP were evaluated over the study period for all patients as well as for specific pretreatment subgroups. Local comfort was determined using a five-point scale (very good, good, satisfactory, less satisfactory, not acceptable) before and after the change of medical treatment. All adverse events were recorded. RESULTS Data from 2123 patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension were considered for the final evaluation. Medication was changed in 41.1% of patients due to tolerability issues and in 25.6% of patients due to insufficient efficacy with prior medication. In all patients preservative-free tafluprost 0.0015% lowered IOP from 19.5 ± 4.4 mmHg (baseline) to 16.4 ± 2.9 mmHg after 6-12 weeks. Preservativefree tafluprost also significantly lowered the IOP in all monotherapy subgroups: treatment-naïve patients (n=440): 22.6 ± 3.9 mmHg (baseline) to 16.7 ± 2.7 mmHg (week 6-12); beta blockers (n=307): 20.3 ± 3.5 mmHg (baseline) to 16.7 ± 2.6 mmHg (week 6-12); carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (n=158): 19.0 ± 3.6 mmHg (baseline) to 16.0 ± 2.6 mmHg (week 6-12); prostaglandin analogs (PGAs; n=447): 16.8 ± 2.9 mmHg (baseline) to 15.8 ± 2.6 mmHg (week 6-12). Local comfort was rated as "very good" or "good" by 85.6% of patients at the final visit (P<0.001). Only few adverse events occurred during the treatment period: 18 patients (0.8%) discontinued medical treatment with preservative-free tafluprost due to local intolerance; six patients (0.3%) due to efficacy issues; four patients complained about systemic side effects (0.2%); and two patients preferred to use a multidose treatment regimen (0.2%). CONCLUSION Although this study was limited by its observational design the results demonstrate that preservative-free tafluprost 0.0015% was effective, generally well tolerated, and safe in a broad and heterogeneous patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl Erb
- Klinik am Wittenbergplatz, Kleiststr. 23-26, D-10787, Berlin, Germany
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Hommer A, Kimmich F. Switching patients from preserved prostaglandin-analog monotherapy to preservative-free tafluprost. Clin Ophthalmol 2011; 5:623-31. [PMID: 21629567 PMCID: PMC3104790 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s17876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Efficacy, tolerability and safety of the novel preservative-free prostaglandin tafluprost 0.0015% were investigated for the treatment of patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension in a clinical setting. Patients and methods: Data were collected in a non-interventional, prospective, multi-center, observational, open label study. 118 patients were treated with a prostaglandin analog (PGA) monotherapy (preserved formulations of latanoprost, travoprost or bimatoprost) prior to baseline. Intraocular pressure (IOP) readings were recorded for each eye at baseline (previous therapy), 4–6 weeks, and 12 weeks after changing medical treatment to preservative-free tafluprost once-daily. We analyzed the change in IOP over the study period for all patients as well as for a subgroup of patients with prior PGA monotherapy. Subjective symptoms and objective ocular signs were determined. Comfort was measured using a 4 step scale. All adverse events were recorded. Paired t-tests were conducted to compare IOP values at baseline to IOP values after treatment with tafluprost 0.0015%. Bowker’s test of symmetry was used for statistical evaluation of changes of clinical signs (hyperemia). Results: In total 118 patients were eligible for evaluation. In these patients with prior PGA monotherapy (n = 118) IOP decreased significantly from 16.2 ± 4.3 mm Hg (95% CI: 0.55) at treated baseline to 14.8 ± 3.2 mm Hg (95% CI: 0.43; P < 0.001) at final visit on tafluprost. In a subset of patients with prior latanoprost monotherapy (n = 68) mean IOP at baseline (±SD) was reduced from 16.2 ± 4.6 mm Hg (95% CI: 0.77) 14.8 ± 3.1 mm Hg at final visit (95% CI: 0.54, P < 0.001), in patients with prior travoprost monotherapy (n = 32) from 16.2 ± 4.3 mm Hg (95% CI: 1.05) to 14.9 ± 3.3 mm Hg (95% CI: 0.91; P < 0.05) and in patients with prior bimatoprost monotherapy (n = 18) from 16.4 ± 3.5 mm Hg (95% CI: 1.14) to 15.0 ± 3.3 mm Hg (95% CI: 1.14; P = 0.252). Both, objective clinical signs and subjective symptoms improved after changing medication to preservative-free tafluprost until final visit. The number of patients with moderate and severe hyperemia decreased from 51 (43.2%) at baseline to 2 (1.9%) at final visit. Conclusion: Preservative-free tafluprost 0.0015% was effective, well tolerated and safe. IOP was controlled effectively and ocular symptoms and clinical signs were improved after changing medication to a monotherapy with preservative-free tafluprost in patients previously treated with a preserved latanoprost, travoprost or bimatoprost monotherapy.
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Schultz C. Tafluprost for the reduction of interocular pressure in open angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. OPHTHALMOLOGY AND EYE DISEASES 2011; 3:13-9. [PMID: 23861619 PMCID: PMC3661433 DOI: 10.4137/oed.s4253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Tafluprost is an FP receptor antagonist that has been shown in clinical studies in Europe and Japan to be extremely useful in treating elevated intraocular pressure and glaucoma. The drug is well tolerated and appears to be at least equal in effectiveness and perhaps superior to other protanoids for routine use comparison to be superior to other treatments for the elevated IOP as the side effects and other related symptomology appear to be less, while maintaining a level of pressure control for prolonged periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clyde Schultz
- Department of Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada T2N 1N4 and Biogram Inc., Ponte Vedra Beach, FL 32004, USA
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Pozarowska D. Safety and tolerability of tafluprost in treatment of elevated intraocular pressure in open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Clin Ophthalmol 2010; 4:1229-36. [PMID: 21060677 PMCID: PMC2964963 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s6369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is one of the most common neuropathies of the optic nerve. An elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is a well documented risk factor for the development and progression of this disease. Until now, IOP reduction is the only well documented successful method of glaucoma treatment. Among the many hypotensive drugs, prostaglandin analogs are proved to be the most potent antiglaucoma agents, with very few systemic side effects. A new prostanoid FP receptor analog, tafluprost, has been introduced into the medical treatment of glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Many studies have shown that it is an efficient IOP-lowering drug, and that it is safe and well tolerated. A preservative-free tafluprost formulation is as potent as a preserved one, but it has fewer and milder toxic effects on the eye.
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