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Liu X, Chen Z, Bai J, Li X, Chen X, Li Z, Pan H, Li S, Gao Q, Zhao N, Chen A, Xu H, Wen Y, Du L, Yang M, Zhou X, Huang J. Multifunctional Hydrogel Eye Drops for Synergistic Treatment of Ocular Inflammatory Disease. ACS NANO 2023; 17:25377-25390. [PMID: 37890030 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Uveitis is a complex ocular inflammatory disease with a multifactorial etiology that can result in blindness. Although corticosteroid eye drops are the primary treatment for anterior uveitis, their efficacy is limited by low bioavailability, adverse effects, and a narrow focus on inflammation. In this study, the multifunctional hydrogel eye drops (designated as DCFH) were developed by incorporating the anti-inflammatory agent dexamethasone (DSP) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger cerium-based metal-organic frameworks (Ce-MOFs) into thermosensitive triblock copolymer F127 for the synergistic treatment against uveitis. The resulting F127 eye drops offer a favorable alternative to ophthalmic solution due to its thermosensitivity, thixotropy, light transmittance, improved ocular bioavailability, and unexpected anti-inflammatory efficacy. Notably, the participation of nanoporous Ce-MOFs, functional drug carriers, not only reduces ROS level but also boosts the anti-inflammatory activity of DSP in vitro. Therapeutically, the multifunctional DCFH exhibits superior efficacy in treating endotoxin-induced uveitis by mitigating the ophthalmic inflammatory reaction, suppressing inflammatory cytokines (e.g., TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-17) and downregulating the expression of iNOS and NLPR3. This synergistic treatment provides a valuable and promising approach for the management of uveitis and other ocular inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Liu
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Zhongxing Chen
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Jieyi Bai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ordos Central Hospital, Ordos, Inner Mongolia 017000, P.R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Hongxian Pan
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Siheng Li
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Qingyi Gao
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132000, P. R. China
| | - Aodong Chen
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Huilin Xu
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Yinuo Wen
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Lan Du
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xingtao Zhou
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Jinhai Huang
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai 200030, China
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Lozada C, Gonzalez S, Agniel R, Hindie M, Manciocchi L, Mazzanti L, Ha-Duong T, Santoro F, Carotenuto A, Ballet S, Lubin-Germain N. Introduction of constrained Trp analogs in RW9 modulates structure and partition in membrane models. Bioorg Chem 2023; 139:106731. [PMID: 37480815 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decades, many cell-penetrating peptides (CPP) have been studied for their capacity to cross cellular membranes, mostly in order to improve cellular uptake of therapeutic agents. Even though hydrophobic and anionic CPPs have been described, many of them are polycationic, due to the presence of several arginine (Arg) residues. Noteworthy, however, the presence of aromatic amino acids such as tryptophan (Trp) within CPPs seems to play an important role to reach high membranotropic activity. RW9 (RRWWRRWRR) is a designed CPP derived from the polyarginine R9 presenting both features. In general, when interacting with membranes, CPPs adopt an optimal conformation for membrane interactions - an amphipathic helical secondary structure in the case of RW9. Herein, we assumed that the incorporation of a locally constrained amino acid in the peptide sequence could improve the membranotropic activity of RW9, by facilitating its structuration upon contact with a membrane, while leaving a certain plasticity. Therefore, two cyclized Trp derivatives (Tcc and Aia) were synthesized to be incorporated in RW9 as surrogates of Trp residues. Thus, a series of peptides containing these building blocks has been synthesized by varying the type, position, and number of modifications. The membranotropic activity of the RW9 analogs was studied by spectrofluorescence titration of the peptides in presence of liposomes (DMPG), allowing to calculate partition coefficients (Kp). Our results indicate that the partitioning of the modified peptides depends on the type, the number and the position of the modification, with the best sequence being [Aia4]RW9. Interestingly, both NMR analysis and molecular dynamic (MD) simulations indicate that this analog presents an extended conformation similar to the native RW9, but with a much-reduced structural flexibility. Finally, cell internalization properties were also confirmed by confocal microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Lozada
- CNRS, BioCIS, CY Cergy-Paris Université, 95000 Neuville sur Oise, France; CNRS, BioCIS, Université Paris-Saclay, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France; Research Group of Organic Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Simon Gonzalez
- CNRS, BioCIS, CY Cergy-Paris Université, 95000 Neuville sur Oise, France; CNRS, BioCIS, Université Paris-Saclay, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Rémy Agniel
- ERRMECe, Institut des Matériaux I-MAT (FD4122), CY Cergy Paris Université, 95000 Neuville sur Oise, France
| | - Mathilde Hindie
- ERRMECe, Institut des Matériaux I-MAT (FD4122), CY Cergy Paris Université, 95000 Neuville sur Oise, France
| | - Luca Manciocchi
- CNRS, BioCIS, Université Paris-Saclay, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Liuba Mazzanti
- CNRS, BioCIS, Université Paris-Saclay, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Tap Ha-Duong
- CNRS, BioCIS, Université Paris-Saclay, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Federica Santoro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Alfonso Carotenuto
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Steven Ballet
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Nadège Lubin-Germain
- CNRS, BioCIS, CY Cergy-Paris Université, 95000 Neuville sur Oise, France; CNRS, BioCIS, Université Paris-Saclay, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France.
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Rohira H, Arora A, Kaur P, Chugh A. Peptide cargo administration: current state and applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:3153-3181. [PMID: 37052636 PMCID: PMC10099029 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12512-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Effective delivery of drug molecules to the target site is a challenging task. In the last decade, several innovations in the drug delivery system (DDS) have tremendously improved the therapeutic efficacy of drug molecules. Among various DDS, cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) based DDS have gathered notable attention owing to their safety, efficacy, selectivity, specificity, and ease of synthesis. CPPs are emerging as an efficient and effective pharmaceutical nanocarriers-based platforms for successful management of various important human health disorders. Failure of several current chemotherapeutic strategies is attributed to low solubility, reduced bioavailability, and off-target delivery of several anti-cancer drugs. Similarly, development of therapeutics for vision-threatening disorders is challenged by the anatomical as well as physiological complexity of the eye. Such therapeutic challenges in cancer and ocular disease management can be overcome by developing cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) based peptide drug conjugates (PDCs). CPPs can be used to deliver various types of cargo molecules including nucleic acids, small molecules, and peptides/proteinaceous agents. In this review, we have briefly introduced CPPs and the linker strategies employed for the development of PDCs. Furthermore, recent studies employing CPP-based PDCs for cancer and ocular disease management have been discussed in detail highlighting their significance over conventional DDS. Later sections of the review are focused on the current status of clinical trials and future implications of CPP-based PDCs in vaccine development. KEY POINTS: • Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) can deliver a variety of cargo macromolecules via covalent and non-covalent conjugation. • CPP-based peptide drug conjugates (PDCs) can overcome drawbacks of conventional drug delivery methods such as biocompatibility, solubility, stability, and specificity. • Various PDCs are in clinical trial phase for cancer and ocular therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsha Rohira
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
- Genohelex Care Pvt. Ltd, ASPIRE BioNEST, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500046, India
| | - Aditi Arora
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Prasanjeet Kaur
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Archana Chugh
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India.
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MAPK Pathways in Ocular Pathophysiology: Potential Therapeutic Drugs and Challenges. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040617. [PMID: 36831285 PMCID: PMC9954064 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways represent ubiquitous cellular signal transduction pathways that regulate all aspects of life and are frequently altered in disease. Once activated through phosphorylation, these MAPKs in turn phosphorylate and activate transcription factors present either in the cytoplasm or in the nucleus, leading to the expression of target genes and, as a consequence, they elicit various biological responses. The aim of this work is to provide a comprehensive review focusing on the roles of MAPK signaling pathways in ocular pathophysiology and the potential to influence these for the treatment of eye diseases. We summarize the current knowledge of identified MAPK-targeting compounds in the context of ocular diseases such as macular degeneration, cataract, glaucoma and keratopathy, but also in rare ocular diseases where the cell differentiation, proliferation or migration are defective. Potential therapeutic interventions are also discussed. Additionally, we discuss challenges in overcoming the reported eye toxicity of some MAPK inhibitors.
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Garkal A, Bangar P, Rajput A, Pingale P, Dhas N, Sami A, Mathur K, Joshi S, Dhuri S, Parikh D, Mutalik S, Mehta T. Long-acting formulation strategies for protein and peptide delivery in the treatment of PSED. J Control Release 2022; 350:538-568. [PMID: 36030993 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The invigoration of protein and peptides in serious eye disease includes age-related macular degeneration, choroidal neovascularization, retinal neovascularization, and diabetic retinopathy. The transportation of macromolecules like aptamers, recombinant proteins, and monoclonal antibodies to the posterior segment of the eye is challenging due to their high molecular weight, rapid degradation, and low solubility. Moreover, it requires frequent administration for prolonged therapy. The long-acting novel formulation strategies are helpful to overcome these issues and provide superior therapy. It avoids frequent administration, improves stability, high retention time, and avoids burst release. This review briefly enlightens posterior segments of eye diseases with their diagnosis techniques and treatments. This article mainly focuses on recent advanced approaches like intravitreal implants and injectables, electrospun injectables, 3D printed drug-loaded implants, nanostructure thin-film polymer devices encapsulated cell technology-based intravitreal implants, injectable and depots, microneedles, PDS with ranibizumab, polymer nanoparticles, inorganic nanoparticles, hydrogels and microparticles for delivering macromolecules in the eye for intended therapy. Furthermore, novel techniques like aptamer, small Interference RNA, and stem cell therapy were also discussed. It is predicted that these systems will make revolutionary changes in treating posterior segment eye diseases in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul Garkal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382481, India
| | - Priyanka Bangar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382481, India
| | - Amarjitsing Rajput
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharti Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Pune, Maharashtra 411038, India
| | - Prashant Pingale
- Department of Pharmaceutics, GES's Sir Dr. M.S. Gosavi College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Nashik, Maharashtra 422005, India
| | - Namdev Dhas
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Anam Sami
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382481, India
| | - Khushboo Mathur
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382481, India
| | - Shubham Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382481, India
| | - Sonika Dhuri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382481, India
| | - Dhaivat Parikh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382481, India
| | - Srinivas Mutalik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Tejal Mehta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382481, India.
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Samec T, Boulos J, Gilmore S, Hazelton A, Alexander-Bryant A. Peptide-based delivery of therapeutics in cancer treatment. Mater Today Bio 2022; 14:100248. [PMID: 35434595 PMCID: PMC9010702 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Current delivery strategies for cancer therapeutics commonly cause significant systemic side effects due to required high doses of therapeutic, inefficient cellular uptake of drug, and poor cell selectivity. Peptide-based delivery systems have shown the ability to alleviate these issues and can significantly enhance therapeutic loading, delivery, and cancer targetability. Peptide systems can be tailor-made for specific cancer applications. This review describes three peptide classes, targeting, cell penetrating, and fusogenic peptides, as stand-alone nanoparticle systems, conjugations to nanoparticle systems, or as the therapeutic modality. Peptide nanoparticle design, characteristics, and applications are discussed as well as peptide applications in the clinical space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Samec
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Clemson University, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Jessica Boulos
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Clemson University, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Serena Gilmore
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Clemson University, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Anthony Hazelton
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Clemson University, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Angela Alexander-Bryant
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Clemson University, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson, SC, USA
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Shukal DK, Malaviya PB, Sharma T. Role of the AMPK signalling pathway in the aetiopathogenesis of ocular diseases. Hum Exp Toxicol 2022; 41:9603271211063165. [PMID: 35196887 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211063165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) plays a precise role as a master regulator of cellular energy homeostasis. AMPK is activated in response to the signalling cues that exhaust cellular ATP levels such as hypoxia, ischaemia, glucose depletion and heat shock. As a central regulator of both lipid and glucose metabolism, AMPK is considered to be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of various diseases, including eye disorders. OBJECTIVE To review all the shreds of evidence concerning the role of the AMPK signalling pathway in the pathogenesis of ocular diseases. METHOD Scientific data search and review of available information evaluating the influence of AMPK signalling on ocular diseases. RESULTS Review highlights the significance of AMPK signalling in the aetiopathogenesis of ocular diseases, including cataract, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, retinoblastoma, age-related macular degeneration, corneal diseases, etc. The review also provides the information on the AMPK-associated pathways with reference to ocular disease, which includes mitochondrial biogenesis, autophagy and regulation of inflammatory response. CONCLUSION The study concludes the role of AMPK in ocular diseases. There is growing interest in the therapeutic utilization of the AMPK pathway for ocular disease treatment. Furthermore, inhibition of AMPK signalling might represent more pertinent strategy than AMPK activation for ocular disease treatment. Such information will guide the development of more effective AMPK modulators for ocular diseases.[Formula: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhaval K Shukal
- 534329Iladevi Cataract and IOL Research Centre, Memnagar, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.,76793Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Pooja B Malaviya
- 534329Iladevi Cataract and IOL Research Centre, Memnagar, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.,76793Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Tusha Sharma
- 534329Iladevi Cataract and IOL Research Centre, Memnagar, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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Hu DN, Zhang R, Yao S, Iacob CE, Yang WE, Rosen R, Yang SF. Cultured Human Uveal Melanocytes Express/secrete CXCL1 and CXCL2 Constitutively and Increased by Lipopolysaccharide via Activation of Toll-like Receptor 4. Curr Eye Res 2021; 46:1681-1694. [PMID: 33979551 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2021.1929326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can activate Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and increase the expression of CXCL1 and CXCL2, the potent neutrophils chemoattractants, in various cell types. These effects have not been previously reported in the uveal melanocytes. This study was designed to investigate the effects of LPS on the activation of TLR4 and expression of CXCL1/CXCL2 in cultured human uveal melanocytes and the relevant signal pathways.Methods: Effects of LPS on the expression of TLR4 were tested using real-time PCR, flow cytometry and fluorescence immunostaining. Effects of LPS-induced expression/secretion of CXCL1/CXCL2 were studied using real-time PCR in cell lysates and ELISA in conditioned media of cultured uveal melanocytes. Activated NF-κB and phosphorylated MAPK signals were tested in cells with and without LPS treatment using flow cytometry. Effects of various signal inhibitors on p38, ERK1/2, JNK1/2 and NF-κB on the secretion of CXCL1/CXCL2 were tested by ELISA. The effects of neutralized antibodies of CXCL1/CXCL2 on the severity of LPS-induced uveitis were tested in a mouse model.Results: LPS stimulation increased the expression of TLR4 mRNA and protein in culture uveal melanocytes. Constitutive secretion of CXCL1/CXCL2 was detected in uveal melanocytes and was significantly increased dose- and time-dependently by LPS stimulation. LPS mainly increased the activated NF-κB and phosphorylated JNK1/2. LPS-induced expression of CXCL1/CXCL2 was blocked by NF-κB and JNK1/2 inhibitors. The severity of LPS-induced uveitis was significantly inhibited by neutralizing antibody to CXCL1/CXCL2Conclusions: This is the first report on the LPS-induced expression of CXCL1 and CXCL2 by uveal melanocytes via the activation of TLR4. These results suggest that uveal melanocytes may play a role in the immune reaction that eliminates the invading pathogens. Conversely, an excessive LPS-induced inflammatory reaction may also lead to the development of inflammatory ocular disorders, such as non-infectious uveitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Ning Hu
- Tissue Culture Center, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, USA
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Ruihua Zhang
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Shen Yao
- Departments of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Codrin E Iacob
- Departments of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
- Department of Pathology, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Wei-En Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Richard Rosen
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York Eye and Ear Infirmay of Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Korivi M, Huang YW, Liu BR. Cell-Penetrating Peptides as a Potential Drug Delivery System for Effective Treatment of Diabetes. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:816-825. [PMID: 33076803 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666201019102640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from the body's inability to produce and/or use insulin. Patients with T2D often have hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia, inflammation, and oxidative stress, which then lead to hypertension, chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease, and increased risk of morbidity and mortality (9th leading cause globally). Insulin and related pharmacological therapies are widely used to manage T2D, despite their limitations. Efficient drug delivery systems (DDS) that control drug kinetics may decrease side effects, allow for efficient targeting, and increase the bioavailability of drugs to achieve maximum therapeutic benefits. Thus, the development of effective DDS is crucial to beat diabetes. METHODS Here, we introduced a highly bioavailable vector, cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), as a powerful DDS to overcome limitations of free drug administration. RESULTS CPPs are short peptides that serve as a potent tool for delivering therapeutic agents across cell membranes. Various cargoes, including proteins, DNA, RNA, liposomes, therapeutic molecules, and nanomaterials, generally retain their bioactivity upon entering cells. The mechanisms of CPPs/cargoes intracellular entry are classified into two parts: endocytic pathways and direct membrane translocation. In this article, we focus on the applications of CPPs/therapeutic agents in the treatment of diabetes. Hypoglycemic drugs with CPPs intervention can enhance therapeutic effectiveness, and CPP-mediated drug delivery can facilitate the actions of insulin. Numerous studies indicate that CPPs can effectively deliver insulin, produce synergistic effects with immunosuppressants for successful pancreatic islet xenotransplantation, prolong pharmacokinetics, and retard diabetic nephropathy. CONCLUSION We suggest that CPPs can be a new generation of drug delivery systems for effective treatment and management of diabetes and diabetes-associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallikarjuna Korivi
- Exercise and Metabolism Research Center, College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yue-Wern Huang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409-1120, United States
| | - Betty R Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
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Morone PJ, Yan W, Adcock J, Komalavilas P, Mocco J, Thompson RC, Brophy C, Cheung-Flynn J. Vasorelaxing cell permeant phosphopeptide mimetics for subarachnoid hemorrhage. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 900:174038. [PMID: 33737008 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) due to rupture of an intracranial aneurysm leads to vasospasm resulting in delayed cerebral ischemia. Therapeutic options are currently limited to hemodynamic optimization and nimodipine, which have marginal clinical efficacy. Nitric oxide (NO) modulates cerebral blood flow through activation of the cGMP-Protein Kinase G (PKG) pathway. Our hypothesis is that SAH results in downregulation of signaling components in the NO-PKG pathway which could explain why treatments for vasospasm targeting this pathway lack efficacy and that treatment with a cell permeant phosphopeptide mimetic of downstream effector prevents delayed vasospasm after SAH. Using a rat endovascular perforation model, reduced levels of NO-PKG pathway molecules were confirmed. Additionally, it was determined that expression and phosphorylation of a PKG substrate: Vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) was downregulated. A family of cell permeant phosphomimetic of VASP (VP) was wasdesigned and shown to have vasorelaxing property that is synergistic with nimodipine in intact vascular tissuesex vivo. Hence, treatment targeting the downstream effector of the NO signaling pathway, VASP, may bypass receptors and signaling elements leading to vasorelaxation and that treatment with VP can be explored as a therapeutic strategy for SAH induced vasospasm and ameliorate neurological deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Morone
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Jamie Adcock
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Padmini Komalavilas
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - J Mocco
- Cerebrovascular Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY, USA
| | - Reid C Thompson
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Colleen Brophy
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Joyce Cheung-Flynn
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
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Chen Z, Yang M, Wang Q, Bai J, McAlinden C, Skiadaresi E, Zhang J, Pan L, Mei C, Zeng Z, Yu J, Feng Y, Jiang Z, Xu W, Xu H, Ye X, He H, Wang Q, Deng J, Huang J. Hydrogel eye drops as a non-invasive drug carrier for topical enhanced Adalimumab permeation and highly efficient uveitis treatment. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 253:117216. [PMID: 33278980 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Uveitis is one of the most popular blind-causing eye diseases worldwide. Adalimumab (ADA) is used for the uveitis treatment through systemic or intravitreal injection at the expense of systemic side effects and increased medical risks. Although eye drops, a non-invasive topical treatment, could be a potential strategy to reduce side effects, it remains challenging to apply due to limited bioavailability mainly linked to poor retention time and permeation capacity for eye biological barriers. Here, we reported hydrogel eye drops composed of low-deacetylated chitosan and β-glycerophosphate as an ADA carrier and tested its toxicity, tolerability, intraocular permeability, and efficacy of non-invasive treatment for uveitis. It's found the ADA-loaded hydrogel eye drops were more efficient than free ADA both in permeation rate and clinical efficacy for uveitis, Overall, this study provides a friendly non-invasive strategy to improve drug permeation rate and uveitis treatment efficacy, which may be valuable to clinically ophthalmic medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxing Chen
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mei Yang
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qing Wang
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jieyi Bai
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Colm McAlinden
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Singleton Hospital, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Swansea, UK
| | - Eirini Skiadaresi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Prince Philip Hospital, Hywel Dda University Health Board, Llanelli, UK
| | - Jun Zhang
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Luting Pan
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chenyang Mei
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenhai Zeng
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinjin Yu
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yifan Feng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengxuan Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wenjin Xu
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hang Xu
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiuhong Ye
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huanhuan He
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qinmei Wang
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Junjie Deng
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Engineering Research Center of Clinical Functional Materials and Diagnosis & Treatment Devices of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jinhai Huang
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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12
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Vedadghavami A, Zhang C, Bajpayee AG. Overcoming negatively charged tissue barriers: Drug delivery using cationic peptides and proteins. NANO TODAY 2020; 34:100898. [PMID: 32802145 PMCID: PMC7425807 DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2020.100898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Negatively charged tissues are ubiquitous in the human body and are associated with a number of common diseases yet remain an outstanding challenge for targeted drug delivery. While the anionic proteoglycans are critical for tissue structure and function, they make tissue matrix dense, conferring a high negative fixed charge density (FCD) that makes drug penetration through the tissue deep zones and drug delivery to resident cells extremely challenging. The high negative FCD of these tissues is now being utilized by taking advantage of electrostatic interactions to create positively charged multi-stage delivery methods that can sequentially penetrate through the full thickness of tissues, create a drug depot and target cells. After decades of work on attempting delivery using strong binding interactions, significant advances have recently been made using weak and reversible electrostatic interactions, a characteristic now considered essential to drug penetration and retention in negatively charged tissues. Here we discuss these advances using examples of negatively charged tissues (cartilage, meniscus, tendons and ligaments, nucleus pulposus, vitreous of eye, mucin, skin), and delve into how each of their structures, tissue matrix compositions and high negative FCDs create barriers to drug entry and explore how charge interactions are being used to overcome these barriers. We review work on tissue targeting cationic peptide and protein-based drug delivery, compare and contrast drug delivery designs, and also present examples of technologies that are entering clinical trials. We also present strategies on further enhancing drug retention within diseased tissues of lower FCD by using synergistic effects of short-range binding interactions like hydrophobic and H-bonds that stabilize long-range charge interactions. As electrostatic interactions are incorporated into design of drug delivery materials and used as a strategy to create properties that are reversible, tunable and dynamic, bio-electroceuticals are becoming an exciting new direction of research and clinical work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Vedadghavami
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Chenzhen Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ambika G. Bajpayee
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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Cell-Penetrating Peptides Enhance the Activity of Human Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 by Prolonging the Retention Time: A New Vision for Drug-Delivery Systems. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020442. [PMID: 32284513 PMCID: PMC7013552 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are defined by their ability to deliver cargo into cells and have been studied and developed as a promising drug-delivery system (DDS). However, the issue of whether the CPPs that have already entered the cells can be re-released or reused has not been studied. The purpose of this research was to construct CPP-conjugated human fibroblast growth factor 2 (hFGF2) and investigate whether they can be re-released from the cell membrane for reuse. This study combined hFGF2 with Tat or Ara27, a newly developed CPP derived from the zinc knuckle (CCHC-type) family protein of Arabidopsis. Human dermal fibroblast (HDF) was treated with Tat-conjugated hFGF2 (tFGF2) and Ara27-conjugated hFGF2 (NR-FGF2) for both long and short durations, and the effects on cell growth were compared. Furthermore, tFGF2 and NR-FGF2 re-released from the cells were quantified and the effects were evaluated by culturing HDF in a conditioned medium. Interestingly, the proliferation of HDF increased only when NR-FGF2 was treated for 1 h in endocytosis-independent manner. After 1 h, NR-FGF2 was significantly re-released, reaching a maximum concentration at 5 h. Furthermore, increased proliferation of HDF cultured in the conditioned medium containing re-released NR-FGF2 was discovered. While previous studies have focused on the delivery of cargo and its associated applications, this study has revealed that combinations of superior CPPs and therapeutics can be expected to prolong both the retention time and the cell-penetrating capacity, even in the presence of external factors. Therefore, CPPs can be applied in the context of topical drugs and cosmetics as a new DDS approach.
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Kardani K, Milani A, H Shabani S, Bolhassani A. Cell penetrating peptides: the potent multi-cargo intracellular carriers. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2019; 16:1227-1258. [PMID: 31583914 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2019.1676720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) known as protein translocation domains (PTD), membrane translocating sequences (MTS), or Trojan peptides (TP) are able to cross biological membranes without clear toxicity using different mechanisms, and facilitate the intracellular delivery of a variety of bioactive cargos. CPPs could overcome some limitations of drug delivery and combat resistant strains against a broad range of diseases. Despite delivery of different therapeutic molecules by CPPs, they lack cell specificity and have a short duration of action. These limitations led to design of combined cargo delivery systems and subsequently improvement of their clinical applications. Areas covered: This review covers all our studies and other researchers in different aspects of CPPs such as classification, uptake mechanisms, and biomedical applications. Expert opinion: Due to low cytotoxicity of CPPs as compared to other carriers and final degradation to amino acids, they are suitable for preclinical and clinical studies. Generally, the efficiency of CPPs was suitable to penetrate the cell membrane and deliver different cargos to specific intracellular sites. However, no CPP-based therapeutic approach has approved by FDA, yet; because there are some disadvantages for CPPs including short half-life in blood, and nonspecific CPP-mediated delivery to normal tissue. Thus, some methods were used to develop the functions of CPPs in vitro and in vivo including the augmentation of cell specificity by activatable CPPs, specific transport into cell organelles by insertion of corresponding localization sequences, incorporation of CPPs into multifunctional dendrimeric or liposomal nanocarriers to improve selectivity and efficiency especially in tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimia Kardani
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran , Tehran , Iran
| | - Alireza Milani
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran , Tehran , Iran
| | - Samaneh H Shabani
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran , Tehran , Iran
| | - Azam Bolhassani
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran , Tehran , Iran
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Srinivasarao DA, Lohiya G, Katti DS. Fundamentals, challenges, and nanomedicine‐based solutions for ocular diseases. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 11:e1548. [DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dadi A. Srinivasarao
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur India
| | - Garima Lohiya
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur India
| | - Dhirendra S. Katti
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur India
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16
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Eshraghi AA, Aranke M, Salvi R, Ding D, Coleman JK, Ocak E, Mittal R, Meyer T. Preclinical and clinical otoprotective applications of cell-penetrating peptide D-JNKI-1 (AM-111). Hear Res 2018; 368:86-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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17
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Pescina S, Ostacolo C, Gomez-Monterrey IM, Sala M, Bertamino A, Sonvico F, Padula C, Santi P, Bianchera A, Nicoli S. Cell penetrating peptides in ocular drug delivery: State of the art. J Control Release 2018; 284:84-102. [PMID: 29913221 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Despite the increasing number of effective therapeutics for eye diseases, their treatment is still challenging due to the presence of effective barriers protecting eye tissues. Cell Penetrating Peptides (CPPs), synthetic and natural short amino acid sequences able to cross cellular membrane thanks to a transduction domain, have been proposed as possible enhancing strategies for ophthalmic delivery. In this review, a general description of CPPs classes, design approaches and proposed cellular uptake mechanisms will be provided to the reader as an introduction to ocular CPPs application, together with an overview of the main problems related to ocular administration. The results obtained with CPPs for the treatment of anterior and posterior segment eye diseases will be then introduced, with a focus on non-invasive or minimally invasive administration, shifting from CPPs capability to obtain intracellular delivery to their ability to cross biological barriers. The problems related to in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo models used to investigate CPPs mediated ocular delivery will be also addressed together with potential ocular toxicity issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pescina
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - C Ostacolo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - I M Gomez-Monterrey
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - M Sala
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - A Bertamino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - F Sonvico
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - C Padula
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - P Santi
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - A Bianchera
- BiopharmanetTEC, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - S Nicoli
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
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18
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Fruchon S, Poupot R. The ABP Dendrimer, a Drug-Candidate against Inflammatory Diseases That Triggers the Activation of Interleukin-10 Producing Immune Cells. Molecules 2018; 23:E1272. [PMID: 29799517 PMCID: PMC6100262 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ABP dendrimer, which is built on a phosphorus-based scaffold and bears twelve azabisphosphonate groups at its surface, is one of the dendrimers that has been shown to display immuno-modulatory and anti-inflammatory effects towards the human immune system. Its anti-inflammatory properties have been successfully challenged in animal models of inflammatory disorders. In this review, we trace the discovery and the evaluation of the therapeutic effects of the ABP dendrimer in three different animal models of both acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. We emphasize that its therapeutic effects rely on the enhancement of the production of Interleukin-10, the paradigm of anti-inflammatory cytokines, by different subsets of immune cells, such as monocytes/macrophages and CD4+ T lymphocytes.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents/chemical synthesis
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, CD/immunology
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/genetics
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/immunology
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/pathology
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Dendrimers/chemical synthesis
- Dendrimers/pharmacology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/drug therapy
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/genetics
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/pathology
- Gene Expression
- Humans
- Interleukin-10/genetics
- Interleukin-10/immunology
- Lymphocyte Activation/drug effects
- Mice
- Monocytes/drug effects
- Monocytes/immunology
- Receptors, Interleukin-1/deficiency
- Receptors, Interleukin-1/genetics
- Receptors, Interleukin-1/immunology
- Structure-Activity Relationship
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Affiliation(s)
- Séverine Fruchon
- INSERM, U1043, CNRS, U5282, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse-Purpan, F-31300 Toulouse, France.
| | - Rémy Poupot
- INSERM, U1043, CNRS, U5282, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse-Purpan, F-31300 Toulouse, France.
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A novel cell-penetrating peptide protects against neuron apoptosis after cerebral ischemia by inhibiting the nuclear translocation of annexin A1. Cell Death Differ 2018; 26:260-275. [PMID: 29769639 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-018-0116-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear translocation of annexin A1 (ANXA1) has recently been reported to participate in neuronal apoptosis after cerebral ischemia. Prevention of the nuclear translocation of ANXA1 should therefore inhibit neuronal apoptosis and protect against cerebral stroke. Here, we found that, in the repeat III domain of ANXA1, the amino-acid residues from R228 to F237 function as a unique nuclear translocation signal (NTS) and are required for nuclear translocation of ANXA1. Intriguingly, we synthesized a cell-penetrating peptide derived by conjugating the trans-activator of transcription (Tat) domain to the NTS sequence. This Tat-NTS peptide specifically blocked the interaction of ANXA1 with importin β and, consequently, the nuclear translocation of ANXA1 without affecting the nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of other proteins. The Tat-NTS peptide inhibited the transcriptional activity of p53, decreased Bid expression, suppressed activation of the caspase-3 apoptosis pathway and improved the survival of hippocampal neurons subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion in vitro. Moreover, using a focal brain ischemia animal model, we showed that the Tat-NTS peptide could be efficiently infused into the ischemic hippocampus and cortex by unilateral intracerebroventricular injection. Injection of the Tat-NTS peptide alleviated neuronal apoptosis in the ischemic zone. Importantly, further work revealed that administration of the Tat-NTS peptide resulted in a dramatic reduction in infarct volume and that this was correlated with a parallel improvement in neurological function after reperfusion. Interestingly, the effects of Tat-NTS were injury specific, with little impact on neuronal apoptosis or cognitive function in sham-treated nonischemic animals. In conclusion, based on its profound neuroprotective and cognitive-preserving effects, it is suggested that the Tat-NTS peptide represents a novel and potentially promising new therapeutic candidate for the treatment of ischemic stroke.
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20
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Wang J, Tai G. Role of C-Jun N-terminal Kinase in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Development. Target Oncol 2017; 11:723-738. [PMID: 27392951 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-016-0446-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the most frequently occurring cancers and the leading causes of cancer mortality worldwide. Identification of the signaling pathways regulating liver carcinogenesis is critical for developing novel chemoprevention and targeted therapies. C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) is a member of a larger group of serine/threonine (Ser/Thr) protein kinases known as the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family. JNK is an important signaling component that converts external stimuli into a wide range of cellular responses, including cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, migration, invasion, and apoptosis, as well as the development of inflammation, fibrosis, cancer growth, and metabolic diseases. Because of the essential roles of JNK in these cellular functions, deregulated JNK is often found to contribute to the development of HCC. Recently, the functions and molecular mechanisms of JNK in HCC development have been addressed using mouse models and human HCC cell lines. Furthermore, recent studies demonstrate that the activation of JNK by oncogenes can promote the development of cancers by regulating the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β/Smad pathway, which makes the oncogenes/JNK/Smad signaling pathway an attractive target for cancer therapy. Additionally, JNK-targeted therapy has a broad potential for clinical applications. In summary, we are convinced that promising new avenues for the treatment of HCC by targeting JNK are on the horizon, which will undoubtedly lead to better, more effective, and faster therapies in the years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Street, Jilin, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Guixiang Tai
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Street, Jilin, Changchun, 130021, China.
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21
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Guidotti G, Brambilla L, Rossi D. Cell-Penetrating Peptides: From Basic Research to Clinics. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2017; 38:406-424. [PMID: 28209404 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 721] [Impact Index Per Article: 103.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The presence of cell and tissue barriers together with the low biomembrane permeability of various therapeutics often hampers systemic drug distribution; thus, most of the available molecules are of limited therapeutic value. Opportunities to increase medicament concentrations in areas that are difficult to access now exist with the advent of cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), which can transport into the cell a wide variety of biologically active conjugates (cargoes). Numerous preclinical evaluations with CPP-derived therapeutics have provided promising results in various disease models that, in some cases, prompted clinical trials. The outcome of these investigations has thus opened new perspectives for CPP application in the development of unprecedented human therapies that are well tolerated and directed to intracellular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Guidotti
- Laboratory for Research on Neurodegenerative Disorders, IRCCS Maugeri Clinical and Scientific Institutes SpA SB, Via Maugeri 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Liliana Brambilla
- Laboratory for Research on Neurodegenerative Disorders, IRCCS Maugeri Clinical and Scientific Institutes SpA SB, Via Maugeri 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniela Rossi
- Laboratory for Research on Neurodegenerative Disorders, IRCCS Maugeri Clinical and Scientific Institutes SpA SB, Via Maugeri 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
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22
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Chiquet C, Aptel F, Creuzot-Garcher C, Berrod JP, Kodjikian L, Massin P, Deloche C, Perino J, Kirwan BA, de Brouwer S, Combette JM, Behar-Cohen F. Postoperative Ocular Inflammation: A Single Subconjunctival Injection of XG-102 Compared to Dexamethasone Drops in a Randomized Trial. Am J Ophthalmol 2017; 174:76-84. [PMID: 27810317 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2016.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of XG-102 (brimapitide) compared to dexamethasone eye drops in the treatment of postoperative ocular inflammation. DESIGN Multicenter, randomized, parallel group, double-masked, noninferiority clinical trial. METHODS Patients who underwent anterior and posterior segments combined surgery or glaucoma surgery or complex posterior segment surgery were eligible to participate. Patients were administered a single subconjunctival injection of 250 μL XG-102 90 μg (n = 47) or 900 μg (n = 48) or placebo (n = 50) at the end of ocular surgery. Subconjunctival injection for each group (XG-102 90 μg, XG-102 900 μg, or placebo) was followed by eye drops instilled 4 times per day for 21 days with placebo, placebo, or dexamethasone solution, respectively. The primary outcome measure was anterior chamber cell grades at day 28 comparing XG-102 900 μg with dexamethasone. RESULTS The anterior cell grades for both XG-102 groups were noninferior to dexamethasone (-0.054 anterior cell grade [95% confidence interval -0.350-0.242]; P < .001 for noninferiority) for XG-102 900 μg and -0.086 anterior cell grade (95% confidence interval -0.214-0.385; P = .003 for noninferiority) for XG-102 90 μg. Rescue medication was introduced for 10 (21%), 7 (15%), and 2 (4%) patients allocated to the XG-102 90 μg, XG-102 900 μg, and dexamethasone groups, respectively. The difference between XG-102 90 μg and dexamethasone was statistically significant (P = .013). The number of patients for whom adverse events were reported and the nature of the events reported was similar between the 3 treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS A single subconjunctival injection of XG-102 at the end of ocular surgery is noninferior to dexamethasone eye drops in the treatment of postoperative ocular inflammation.
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