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Damiescu R, Dawood M, Elbadawi M, Klauck SM, Bringmann G, Efferth T. Identification of Cytisine Derivatives as Agonists of the Human Delta Opioid Receptor by Supercomputer-Based Virtual Drug Screening and Transcriptomics. ACS Chem Biol 2024. [PMID: 39167688 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.4c00231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Delta opioid receptors (DORs) are rising as therapeutic targets, not only for the treatment of pain but also other neurological disorders (e.g., Parkinson's disease). The advantage of DOR agonists compared to μ-opioid receptor agonists is that they have fewer side effects and a lower potential to induce tolerance. However, although multiple candidates have been tested in the past few decades, none have been approved for clinical use. The current study focused on searching for new DOR agonists by screening a chemical library containing 40,000 natural and natural-derived products. The functional activity of the top molecules was evaluated in vitro through the cyclic adenosine monophosphate accumulation assay. Compound 3 showed promising results, and its activity was further investigated through transcriptomic methods. Compound 3 inhibited the expression of TNF-α, prevented NF-κB translocation to the nucleus, and activated the G-protein-mediated ERK1/2 pathway. Additionally, compound 3 is structurally different from known DOR agonists, making it a valuable candidate for further investigation for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Damiescu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, Mainz 55099, Germany
| | - Mona Dawood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, Mainz 55099, Germany
| | - Mohamed Elbadawi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, Mainz 55099, Germany
| | - Sabine M Klauck
- Division of Cancer Genome Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, A Partnership between DKFZ and University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Gerhard Bringmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg D-97074, Germany
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, Mainz 55099, Germany
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Birgül Iyison N, Abboud C, Abboud D, Abdulrahman AO, Bondar AN, Dam J, Georgoussi Z, Giraldo J, Horvat A, Karoussiotis C, Paz-Castro A, Scarpa M, Schihada H, Scholz N, Güvenc Tuna B, Vardjan N. ERNEST COST action overview on the (patho)physiology of GPCRs and orphan GPCRs in the nervous system. Br J Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38825750 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a large family of cell surface receptors that play a critical role in nervous system function by transmitting signals between cells and their environment. They are involved in many, if not all, nervous system processes, and their dysfunction has been linked to various neurological disorders representing important drug targets. This overview emphasises the GPCRs of the nervous system, which are the research focus of the members of ERNEST COST action (CA18133) working group 'Biological roles of signal transduction'. First, the (patho)physiological role of the nervous system GPCRs in the modulation of synapse function is discussed. We then debate the (patho)physiology and pharmacology of opioid, acetylcholine, chemokine, melatonin and adhesion GPCRs in the nervous system. Finally, we address the orphan GPCRs, their implication in the nervous system function and disease, and the challenges that need to be addressed to deorphanize them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Necla Birgül Iyison
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of Bogazici, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Clauda Abboud
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, GIGA-Molecular Biology of Diseases, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Dayana Abboud
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, GIGA-Molecular Biology of Diseases, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | | | - Ana-Nicoleta Bondar
- Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, Magurele, Romania
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institute for Computational Biomedicine (IAS-5/INM-9), Jülich, Germany
| | - Julie Dam
- Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Zafiroula Georgoussi
- Laboratory of Cellular Signalling and Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Athens, Greece
| | - Jesús Giraldo
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology and Bioinformatics, Unitat de Bioestadística and Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
- Unitat de Neurociència Traslacional, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anemari Horvat
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology - Molecular Cell Physiology, Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Celica Biomedical, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Christos Karoussiotis
- Laboratory of Cellular Signalling and Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Athens, Greece
| | - Alba Paz-Castro
- Molecular Pharmacology of GPCRs research group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago, Spain
| | - Miriam Scarpa
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hannes Schihada
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Nicole Scholz
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Division of General Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bilge Güvenc Tuna
- Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nina Vardjan
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology - Molecular Cell Physiology, Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Celica Biomedical, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Kuang G, Halimitabrizi M, Edziah AA, Salowe R, O’Brien JM. The potential for mitochondrial therapeutics in the treatment of primary open-angle glaucoma: a review. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1184060. [PMID: 37601627 PMCID: PMC10433652 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1184060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma, an age-related neurodegenerative disease, is characterized by the death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and the corresponding loss of visual fields. This disease is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, making early diagnosis and effective treatment paramount. The pathophysiology of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), the most common form of the disease, remains poorly understood. Current available treatments, which target elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), are not effective at slowing disease progression in approximately 30% of patients. There is a great need to identify and study treatment options that target other disease mechanisms and aid in neuroprotection for POAG. Increasingly, the role of mitochondrial injury in the development of POAG has become an emphasized area of research interest. Disruption in the function of mitochondria has been linked to problems with neurodevelopment and systemic diseases. Recent studies have shown an association between RGC death and damage to the cells' mitochondria. In particular, oxidative stress and disrupted oxidative phosphorylation dynamics have been linked to increased susceptibility of RGC mitochondria to secondary mechanical injury. Several mitochondria-targeted treatments for POAG have been suggested, including physical exercise, diet and nutrition, antioxidant supplementation, stem cell therapy, hypoxia exposure, gene therapy, mitochondrial transplantation, and light therapy. Studies have shown that mitochondrial therapeutics may have the potential to slow the progression of POAG by protecting against mitochondrial decline associated with age, genetic susceptibility, and other pathology. Further, these therapeutics may potentially target already present neuronal damage and symptom manifestations. In this review, the authors outline potential mitochondria-targeted treatment strategies and discuss their utility for use in POAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Kuang
- Perelman School of Medicine, Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Penn Medicine Center for Genetics in Complex Diseases, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Mina Halimitabrizi
- Perelman School of Medicine, Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Penn Medicine Center for Genetics in Complex Diseases, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Amy-Ann Edziah
- Perelman School of Medicine, Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Penn Medicine Center for Genetics in Complex Diseases, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Rebecca Salowe
- Perelman School of Medicine, Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Penn Medicine Center for Genetics in Complex Diseases, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Joan M. O’Brien
- Perelman School of Medicine, Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Penn Medicine Center for Genetics in Complex Diseases, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Sharif NA, Odani-Kawabata N, Lu F, Pinchuk L. FP and EP2 prostanoid receptor agonist drugs and aqueous humor outflow devices for treating ocular hypertension and glaucoma. Exp Eye Res 2023; 229:109415. [PMID: 36803996 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Prostaglandin (PG) receptors represent important druggable targets due to the many diverse actions of PGs in the body. From an ocular perspective, the discovery, development, and health agency approvals of prostaglandin F (FP) receptor agonists (FPAs) have revolutionized the medical treatment of ocular hypertension (OHT) and glaucoma. FPAs, such as latanoprost, travoprost, bimatoprost, and tafluprost, powerfully lower and control intraocular pressure (IOP), and became first-line therapeutics to treat this leading cause of blindness in the late 1990s to early 2000s. More recently, a latanoprost-nitric oxide (NO) donor conjugate, latanoprostene bunod, and a novel FP/EP3 receptor dual agonist, sepetaprost (ONO-9054 or DE-126), have also demonstrated robust IOP-reducing activity. Moreover, a selective non-PG prostanoid EP2 receptor agonist, omidenepag isopropyl (OMDI), was discovered, characterized, and has been approved in the United States, Japan and several other Asian countries for treating OHT/glaucoma. FPAs primarily enhance uveoscleral (UVSC) outflow of aqueous humor (AQH) to reduce IOP, but cause darkening of the iris and periorbital skin, uneven thickening and elongation of eyelashes, and deepening of the upper eyelid sulcus during chronic treatment. In contrast, OMDI lowers and controls IOP by activation of both the UVSC and trabecular meshwork outflow pathways, and it has a lower propensity to induce the aforementioned FPA-induced ocular side effects. Another means to address OHT is to physically promote the drainage of the AQH from the anterior chamber of the eye of patients with OHT/glaucoma. This has successfully been achieved by the recent approval and introduction of miniature devices into the anterior chamber by minimally invasive glaucoma surgeries. This review covers the three major aspects mentioned above to highlight the etiology of OHT/glaucoma, and the pharmacotherapeutics and devices that can be used to combat this blinding ocular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najam A Sharif
- Ophthalmology Innovation Center, Santen Inc., Emeryville, CA, USA; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore; Eye-ACP Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Sciences Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA; Department of Pharmacy Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX, USA; Imperial College of Science and Technology, St. Mary's Campus, London, UK; Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK.
| | | | - Fenghe Lu
- Product Development Division, Santen Inc., Emeryville, CA, USA
| | - Leonard Pinchuk
- Ophthalmology Innovation Center, Santen Inc., Emeryville, CA, USA; Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
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Sishtla K, Lambert-Cheatham N, Lee B, Han DH, Park J, Sardar Pasha SPB, Lee S, Kwon S, Muniyandi A, Park B, Odell N, Waller S, Park IY, Lee SJ, Seo SY, Corson TW. Small-molecule inhibitors of ferrochelatase are antiangiogenic agents. Cell Chem Biol 2022; 29:1010-1023.e14. [PMID: 35090600 PMCID: PMC9233146 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Activity of the heme synthesis enzyme ferrochelatase (FECH) is implicated in multiple diseases. In particular, it is a mediator of neovascularization in the eye and thus an appealing therapeutic target for preventing blindness. However, no drug-like direct FECH inhibitors are known. Here, we set out to identify small-molecule inhibitors of FECH as potential therapeutic leads using a high-throughput screening approach to identify potent inhibitors of FECH activity. A structure-activity relationship study of a class of triazolopyrimidinone hits yielded drug-like FECH inhibitors. These compounds inhibit FECH in cells, bind the active site in cocrystal structures, and are antiangiogenic in multiple in vitro assays. One of these promising compounds was antiangiogenic in vivo in a mouse model of choroidal neovascularization. This foundational work may be the basis for new therapeutic agents to combat not only ocular neovascularization but also other diseases characterized by FECH activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamakshi Sishtla
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Nathan Lambert-Cheatham
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Bit Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, South Korea
| | - Duk Hee Han
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 28160, South Korea
| | - Jaehui Park
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 28160, South Korea
| | - Sheik Pran Babu Sardar Pasha
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Sanha Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, South Korea
| | - Sangil Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, South Korea
| | - Anbukkarasi Muniyandi
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Bomina Park
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Noa Odell
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Spelman College, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA
| | - Sydney Waller
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Il Yeong Park
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 28160, South Korea
| | - Soo Jae Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 28160, South Korea.
| | - Seung-Yong Seo
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, South Korea.
| | - Timothy W Corson
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
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Liu J, Wang Y, Pan Q, Chen X, Qu Y, Zhu H, Zheng L, Fan Y. [D-Ala2, D-Leu5] Enkephalin Attenuates Hepatic Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury in Cirrhotic Rats. Front Surg 2022; 9:839296. [PMID: 35599785 PMCID: PMC9121017 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.839296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Hepatic ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) is a common phenomenon that occurs after liver transplantation and liver tumor surgery. It can cause liver dysfunction and recovery failure after liver surgery, even leading to acute liver failure. Our aim is to investigate the protective effect and related potential mechanism of [D-Ala2, D-Leu5] enkephalin (DADLE) treatment on hepatic IRI in cirrhotic livers of rats. Methods The models of liver cirrhosis and hepatic IRI were established with male Sprague–Dawley rats. DADLE at a dose series of 0.5, 1, or 5 mg·kg−1 was injected intravenously to rats 10 min prior hepatic ischemia, followed by a 6- h reperfusion. The serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), histological changes, and liver cell apoptosis were used to assess liver IRI. The optimal dose of DADLE was assessed by using the Suzuki score and ALT and AST levels. We repeated the hepatic IRI procedure on the optimal dose of the DADLE group and the delta opioid receptor (DOR) antagonist natrindole hydrochloride (NTD) injection group. Serum ALT and AST levels, histological staining, hepatic apoptosis, and serum levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 1 β (IL-1β) were measured. The expression of protein kinase B (Akt) and its downstream proteins were evaluated by using quantitative real-time polymerase chain action (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting. Results Compared with the control group, DADLE treatment at a dose of 5 mg·kg−1 reduced the Suzuki score (mean: 5.8, range: 5.0–6.6 vs. mean: 8.0, range: 7.0–8.9), the ALT level (134.3 ± 44.7 vs. 247.8 ± 104.6), and the AST (297.1 ± 112.7 vs. 660.8 ± 104.3) level. DOR antagonist NTD aggravated hepatic IRI. Compared with the control group, DADLE treatment decreased the number of apoptosis cells and microphages and neutrophils, increased the expression of Akt and its mRNA to much higher levels, and upregulated the mRNA and protein expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-2-associated death promoter (BAD). Conclusion DADLE treatment at a dose of 5 mg·kg−1 injected intravenously 10 min prior hepatic ischemia could contain rats’ hepatic IRI by activating DOR in cirrhotic livers. The effects of DADLE could be offset by NTD. The potential molecular mechanism seems to be involved in the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway.
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Solanki AK, Biswal MR, Walterhouse S, Martin R, Kondkar AA, Knölker HJ, Rahman B, Arif E, Husain S, Montezuma SR, Nihalani D, Lobo GP. Loss of Motor Protein MYO1C Causes Rhodopsin Mislocalization and Results in Impaired Visual Function. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061322. [PMID: 34073294 PMCID: PMC8229726 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Unconventional myosins, linked to deafness, are also proposed to play a role in retinal cell physiology. However, their direct role in photoreceptor function remains unclear. We demonstrate that systemic loss of the unconventional myosin MYO1C in mice, specifically causes rhodopsin mislocalization, leading to impaired visual function. Electroretinogram analysis of Myo1c knockout (Myo1c-KO) mice showed a progressive loss of photoreceptor function. Immunohistochemistry and binding assays demonstrated MYO1C localization to photoreceptor inner and outer segments (OS) and identified a direct interaction of rhodopsin with MYO1C. In Myo1c-KO retinas, rhodopsin mislocalized to rod inner segments (IS) and cell bodies, while cone opsins in OS showed punctate staining. In aged mice, the histological and ultrastructural examination of the phenotype of Myo1c-KO retinas showed progressively shorter photoreceptor OS. These results demonstrate that MYO1C is important for rhodopsin localization to the photoreceptor OS, and for normal visual function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish K. Solanki
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (A.K.S.); (S.W.); (B.R.); (E.A.)
| | - Manas R. Biswal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
| | - Stephen Walterhouse
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (A.K.S.); (S.W.); (B.R.); (E.A.)
| | - René Martin
- Faculty of Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany; (R.M.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Altaf A. Kondkar
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11411, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hans-Joachim Knölker
- Faculty of Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany; (R.M.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Bushra Rahman
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (A.K.S.); (S.W.); (B.R.); (E.A.)
| | - Ehtesham Arif
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (A.K.S.); (S.W.); (B.R.); (E.A.)
| | - Shahid Husain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA;
| | - Sandra R. Montezuma
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, 516 Delaware Street S.E., 9th Floor, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
| | - Deepak Nihalani
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 2DEM, Room 6085, 6707 Democracy Blvd., Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
- Correspondence: (D.N.); (G.P.L.)
| | - Glenn Prazere Lobo
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (A.K.S.); (S.W.); (B.R.); (E.A.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA;
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, Lions Research Building, University of Minnesota, 2001 6th Street S.E., Room 225, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Correspondence: (D.N.); (G.P.L.)
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Zaidi SAH, Thakore N, Singh S, Guzman W, Mehrotra S, Gangaraju V, Husain S. Histone Deacetylases Regulation by δ-Opioids in Human Optic Nerve Head Astrocytes. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 61:17. [PMID: 32915982 PMCID: PMC7488628 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.11.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose We determined whether δ-opioid receptor agonist (SNC-121) regulates acetylation homeostasis via controlling histone deacetylases (HDACs) activity and expression in optic nerve head (ONH) astrocytes. Methods ONH astrocytes were treated with SNC-121 (1 µM) for 24 hours. The HDAC activity was measured using HDAC-specific fluorophore-conjugated synthetic substrates, Boc-Lys(Ac)-AMC and (Boc-Lys(Tfa)-AMC). Protein and mRNA expression of each HDAC was determined by Western blotting and quantitative real-time PCR. IOP in rats was elevated by injecting 2.0 M hypertonic saline into the limbal veins. Results Delta opioid receptor agonist, SNC-121 (1 µM), treatment increased acetylation of histone H3, H2B, and H4 by 128 ± 3%, 45 ± 1%, and 68 ± 2%, respectively. The addition of Garcinol, a histone-acetyltransferase inhibitor, fully blocked SNC-121–induced histone H3 acetylation. SNC-121 reduced the activities of class I and IIb HDACs activities significantly (17 ± 3%) and this decrease in HDACs activities was fully blocked by a selective δ-opioid receptors antagonist, naltrindole. SNC-121 also decrease the mRNA expression of HDAC-3 and HDAC-6 by 19% and 18%, respectively. Furthermore, protein expression of HDAC 1, 2, 3, and 6 was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased by SNC-121 treatment. SNC-121 treatment also reduced lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-α production from ONH astrocytes and glial fibrillary acidic protein immunostaining in the optic nerve of ocular hypertensive animals. Conclusions We provided evidence that δ-opioid receptor agonist activation increased histone acetylation, decrease HDACs class I and class IIb activities, mRNA, and protein expression, lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-α production in ONH astrocytes. Our data also demonstrate that SNC-121 treatment decrease glial fibrillary acidic protein immunostaining in the optic nerves of animals with ocular hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed A H Zaidi
- Hewitt Laboratory of the Ola B. Williams Glaucoma Centre, Department of Ophthalmology, Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Nakul Thakore
- Hewitt Laboratory of the Ola B. Williams Glaucoma Centre, Department of Ophthalmology, Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Sudha Singh
- Hewitt Laboratory of the Ola B. Williams Glaucoma Centre, Department of Ophthalmology, Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Wendy Guzman
- Hewitt Laboratory of the Ola B. Williams Glaucoma Centre, Department of Ophthalmology, Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Shikhar Mehrotra
- Department of Surgery, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Vamsi Gangaraju
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Shahid Husain
- Hewitt Laboratory of the Ola B. Williams Glaucoma Centre, Department of Ophthalmology, Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
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Husain S, Zaidi SAH, Singh S, Guzman W, Mehrotra S. Reduction of Neuroinflammation by δ-Opioids Via STAT3-Dependent Pathway in Chronic Glaucoma Model. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:601404. [PMID: 33628191 PMCID: PMC7898062 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.601404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to determine the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines and their associated signaling molecules by δ-opioid receptor activation by a selective ligand, SNC-121 in chronic rat glaucoma model. Intraocular pressure was raised in rat eyes by injecting 2 M hypertonic saline into the limbal veins. SNC-121 (1 mg/kg; i. p) or Stattic (5 mg/kg; i. p) was administered in Brown Norway rats daily for 7 days. The mRNA expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, Fas, IL-6, leukemia inhibitory factor, and IFN-γ was increased significantly in the retina of ocular hypertensive animals at day 7, post injury. Administration of SNC-121 (1 mg/kg; i. p. injection) for 7 days (once a day) completely inhibited the increase in the mRNA and protein expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Mechanistically, we provide data showing a significant increase in the phosphorylation of STAT3 at tyrosine 705 whereas a moderate but significant increase in the total STAT3 protein expression was also seen in the retina of ocular hypertensive animals. Data illustrated that SNC-121 administration completely abrogated ocular hypertension-induced increase in STAT3Y705 phosphorylation. Interestingly, acetylation of STAT3 at lysine 685 (AcK685) was reduced in ocular hypertensive animals and subsequently increased significantly by SNC-121 treatment. Stattic, a selective STAT3 inhibitor, administration resulted in a complete attenuation in the production of IL-1β and IL-6 in ocular hypertensive animals. In conclusion, δ-opioid receptor activation suppressed the phosphorylation of STAT3 at tyrosine 705 and increased acetylation at lysine 686 and these posttranslational modifications can regulate the production of some but not all pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to glaucomatous injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Husain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Syed A H Zaidi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Sudha Singh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Wendy Guzman
- Department of Ophthalmology, Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Shikhar Mehrotra
- Department of Surgery, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
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Zaidi SAH, Guzman W, Singh S, Mehrotra S, Husain S. Changes in Class I and IIb HDACs by δ-Opioid in Chronic Rat Glaucoma Model. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020; 61:4. [PMID: 33263714 PMCID: PMC7718808 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.14.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study determines if δ-opioid receptor agonist (i.e. SNC-121)-induced epigenetic changes via regulation of histone deacetylases (HDACs) for retinal ganglion cell (RGC) neuroprotection in glaucoma model. Methods Intraocular pressure was raised in rat eyes by injecting 2M hypertonic saline into the limbal veins. SNC-121 (1 mg/kg; i.p.) was administered to the animals for 7 days. Retinas were collected at days 7 and 42, post-injury followed by measurement of HDAC activities, mRNA, and protein expression by enzyme assay, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. Results The visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and pattern electroretinograms (ERGs) were declined in ocular hypertensive animals, which were significantly improved by SNC-121 treatment. Class I and IIb HDACs activities were significantly increased at days 7 and 42 in ocular hypertensive animals. The mRNA and protein expression of HDAC 1 was increased by 1.33 ± 0.07-fold and 20.2 ± 2.7%, HDAC 2 by 1.4 ± 0.05-fold and 17.0 ± 2.4%, HDAC 3 by 1.4 ± 0.06-fold and 17.4 ± 3.4%, and HDAC 6 by 1.5 ± 0.09-fold and 15.1 ± 3.3% at day 7, post-injury. Both the mRNA and protein expression of HDACs were potentiated further at day 42 in ocular hypertensive animals. HDAC activities, mRNA, and protein expression were blocked by SNC-121 treatment at days 7 and 42 in ocular hypertensive animals. Conclusions Data suggests that class I and IIb HDACs are activated and upregulated during early stages of glaucoma. Early intervention with δ-opioid receptor activation resulted in the prolonged suppression of class I and IIb HDACs activities and expression, which may, in part, play a crucial role in RGC neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed A H Zaidi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States
| | - Wendy Guzman
- Department of Ophthalmology, Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States
| | - Sudha Singh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States
| | - Shikhar Mehrotra
- Department of Surgery, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States
| | - Shahid Husain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States
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Neuroprotective Peptides in Retinal Disease. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8081146. [PMID: 31374938 PMCID: PMC6722704 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8081146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the pathogenesis of many disorders, neuronal death plays a key role. It is now assumed that neurodegeneration is caused by multiple and somewhat converging/overlapping death mechanisms, and that neurons are sensitive to unique death styles. In this respect, major advances in the knowledge of different types, mechanisms, and roles of neurodegeneration are crucial to restore the neuronal functions involved in neuroprotection. Several novel concepts have emerged recently, suggesting that the modulation of the neuropeptide system may provide an entirely new set of pharmacological approaches. Neuropeptides and their receptors are expressed widely in mammalian retinas, where they exert neuromodulatory functions including the processing of visual information. In multiple models of retinal diseases, different peptidergic substances play neuroprotective actions. Herein, we describe the novel advances on the protective roles of neuropeptides in the retina. In particular, we focus on the mechanisms by which peptides affect neuronal death/survival and the vascular lesions commonly associated with retinal neurodegenerative pathologies. The goal is to highlight the therapeutic potential of neuropeptide systems as neuroprotectants in retinal diseases.
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